The Annotated Mansfield Park

by Jane Austen

  A sheltered bench in a garden.

  [From John Plaw, Ferme Ornée (London, 1795), Plate IV]

  “I am so glad to see the evergreens thrive!” said Fanny in reply. “My uncle’s gardener always says the soil here is better than his own,24 and so it appears from the growth of the laurels and evergreens in general.—The evergreen!—How beautiful, how welcome, how wonderful the evergreen!25—When one thinks of it, how astonishing a variety of nature!—In some countries we know the tree that sheds its leaf is the variety,26 but that does not make it less amazing, that the same soil and the same sun should nurture plants differing in the first rule and law of their existence. You will think me rhapsodizing; but when I am out of doors, especially when I am sitting out of doors, I am very apt to get into this sort of wondering strain. One cannot fix one’s eyes on the commonest natural production without finding food for a rambling fancy.”27

  “To say the truth,” replied Miss Crawford, “I am something like the famous Doge at the court of Lewis XIV; and may declare that I see no wonder in this shrubbery equal to seeing myself in it.28 If anybody had told me a year ago that this place would be my home, that I should be spending month after month here, as I have done, I certainly should not have believed them!—I have now been here nearly five months!29 and moreover the quietest five months I ever passed.”

  “Too quiet for you I believe.”

  “I should have thought so theoretically myself, but”—and her eyes brightened as she spoke—“take it all and all, I never spent so happy a summer.—But then”—with a more thoughtful air and lowered voice—“there is no saying what it may lead to.”

  Fanny’s heart beat quick, and she felt quite unequal to surmizing or soliciting any thing more. Miss Crawford however, with renewed animation, soon went on:

  “I am conscious of being far better reconciled to a country residence than I had ever expected to be. I can even suppose it pleasant to spend half the year in the country, under certain circumstances—very pleasant. An elegant, moderate-sized house in the centre of family connections—continual engagements among them—commanding the first society in the neighbourhood—looked-up to perhaps as leading it even more than those of larger fortune,30 and turning from the cheerful round of such amusements to nothing worse than a tête-à-tête with the person one feels most agreeable in the world. There is nothing frightful in such a picture, is there, Miss Price? One need not envy the new Mrs. Rushworth with such a home as that.” “Envy Mrs. Rushworth!” was all that Fanny attempted to say. “Come, come, it would be very unhandsome in us to be severe on Mrs. Rushworth, for I look forward to our owing her a great many gay, brilliant, happy hours. I expect we shall be all very much at Sotherton another year. Such a match as Miss Bertram has made is a public blessing, for the first pleasures of Mr. Rushworth’s wife must be to fill her house,31 and give the best balls in the country.”32

  Fanny was silent—and Miss Crawford relapsed into thoughtfulness, till suddenly looking up at the end of a few minutes, she exclaimed, “Ah! here he is.” It was not Mr. Rushworth, however, but Edmund, who then appeared walking towards them with Mrs. Grant. “My sister and Mr. Bertram—I am so glad your eldest cousin is gone that he may be Mr. Bertram again.33 There is something in the sound of Mr. Edmund Bertram so formal, so pitiful, so younger-brother-like, that I detest it.”

  “How differently we feel!” cried Fanny. “To me, the sound of Mr. Bertram is so cold and nothing-meaning—so entirely without warmth or character!—It just stands for a gentleman, and that’s all.34 But there is nobleness in the name of Edmund. It is a name of heroism and renown—of kings, princes, and knights; and seems to breathe the spirit of chivalry and warm affections.”35

  “I grant you the name is good in itself, and Lord Edmund or Sir Edmund sound delightfully; but sink it under the chill, the annihilation of a Mr.—and Mr. Edmund is no more than Mr. John or Mr. Thomas.36 Well, shall we join and disappoint them of half their lecture upon sitting down out of doors at this time of year, by being up before they can begin?”37

  Edmund met them with particular pleasure. It was the first time of his seeing them together since the beginning of that better acquaintance which he had been hearing of with great satisfaction. A friendship between two so very dear to him was exactly what he could have wished; and to the credit of the lover’s understanding38 be it stated, that he did not by any means consider Fanny as the only, or even as the greater gainer by such a friendship.

  “Well,” said Miss Crawford, “and do not you scold us for our imprudence? What do you think we have been sitting down for but to be talked to about it, and entreated and supplicated never to do so again?”

  “Perhaps I might have scolded,” said Edmund, “if either of you had been sitting down alone; but while you do wrong together I can overlook a great deal.”

  “They cannot have been sitting long,” cried Mrs. Grant, “for when I went up for my shawl39 I saw them from the staircase window,40 and then they were walking.”

  “And really,” added Edmund, “the day is so mild, that your sitting down for a few minutes can be hardly thought imprudent. Our weather must not always be judged by the Calendar. We may sometimes take greater liberties in November than in May.”

  “Upon my word,” cried Miss Crawford, “you are two of the most disappointing and unfeeling kind friends I ever met with! There is no giving you a moment’s uneasiness. You do not know how much we have been suffering, nor what chills we have felt! But I have long thought Mr. Bertram one of the worst subjects to work on,41 in any little manœuvre against common sense that a woman could be plagued with.42 I had very little hope of him from the first; but you, Mrs. Grant, my sister, my own sister, I think I had a right to alarm you a little.”

  “Do not flatter yourself, my dearest Mary. You have not the smallest chance of moving me. I have my alarms, but they are quite in a different quarter: and if I could have altered the weather, you would have had a good sharp east wind blowing on you the whole time43—for here are some of my plants which Robert will leave out because the nights are so mild,44 and I know the end of it will be that we shall have a sudden change of weather, a hard frost setting in all at once, taking every body (at least Robert) by surprize, and I shall lose every one; and what is worse, cook has just been telling me that the turkey, which I particularly wished not to be dressed45 till Sunday, because I know how much more Dr. Grant would enjoy it on Sunday after the fatigues of the day,46 will not keep beyond to-morrow.47 These are something like grievances, and make me think the weather most unseasonably close.”48

  “The sweets of housekeeping in a country village!” said Miss Crawford archly. “Commend me to the nurseryman and the poulterer.”49

  “My dear child, commend Dr. Grant to the deanery of Westminster or St. Paul’s,50 and I should be as glad of your nurseryman and poulterer as you could be. But we have no such people in Mansfield. What would you have me do?”

  “Oh! you can do nothing but what you do already; be plagued very often and never lose your temper.”

  “Thank you—but there is no escaping these little vexations, Mary, live where we may; and when you are settled in town and I come to see you, I dare say I shall find you with yours, in spite of the nurseryman and the poulterer—or perhaps on their very account. Their remoteness and unpunctuality,51 or their exorbitant charges and frauds will be drawing forth bitter lamentations.”

  “I mean to be too rich to lament or to feel any thing of the sort. A large income is the best recipe for happiness I ever heard of. It certainly may secure all the myrtle and turkey part of it.”52

  “You intend to be very rich,” said Edmund, with a look which, to Fanny’s eye, had a great deal of serious meaning.

  “To be sure. Do not you?—Do not we all?”

  “I cannot intend any thing which it must be so completely beyond my power to command. Miss Crawford may chuse her degree of wealth. She has only to fix on her number of thousands a year, and there can be no doubt of thei
r coming. My intentions are only not to be poor.”

  “By moderation and economy, and bringing down your wants to your income, and all that. I understand you—and a very proper plan it is for a person at your time of life, with such limited means and indifferent connections.53—What can you want but a decent maintenance? You have not much time before you;54 and your relations are in no situation to do any thing for you, or to mortify you by the contrast of their own wealth and consequence.55 Be honest and poor, by all means—but I shall not envy you; I do not much think I shall even respect you. I have a much greater respect for those that are honest and rich.”

  “Your degree of respect for honesty, rich or poor, is precisely what I have no manner of concern with. I do not mean to be poor. Poverty is exactly what I have determined against. Honesty, in the something between, in the middle state of worldly circumstances,56 is all that I am anxious for your not looking down on.”

  “But I do look down upon it, if it might have been higher. I must look down upon any thing contented with obscurity when it might rise to distinction.”

  “But how may it rise?—How may my honesty at least rise to any distinction?”

  This was not so very easy a question to answer, and occasioned an “Oh!” of some length from the fair lady before she could add “You ought to be in parliament, or you should have gone into the army ten years ago.”

  “That is not much to the purpose now; and as to my being in parliament, I believe I must wait till there is an especial assembly for the representation of younger sons who have little to live on.57 No, Miss Crawford,” he added, in a more serious tone, “there are distinctions which I should be miserable if I thought myself without any chance—absolutely without chance or possibility of obtaining—but they are of a different character.”58

  A look of consciousness as he spoke, and what seemed a consciousness of manner on Miss Crawford’s side as she made some laughing answer, was sorrowful food for Fanny’s observation; and finding herself quite unable to attend as she ought to Mrs. Grant, by whose side she was now following the others, she had nearly resolved on going home immediately, and only waited for courage to say so, when the sound of the great clock at Mansfield Park,59 striking three, made her feel that she had really been much longer absent than usual, and brought the previous self-inquiry of whether she should take leave or not just then, and how, to a very speedy issue.60 With undoubting decision she directly began her adieus; and Edmund began at the same time to recollect, that his mother had been inquiring for her, and that he had walked down to the Parsonage on purpose to bring her back.

  Fanny’s hurry increased; and without in the least expecting Edmund’s attendance, she would have hastened away alone; but the general pace was quickened, and they all accompanied her into the house, through which it was necessary to pass.61 Dr. Grant was in the vestibule, and as they stopt to speak to him, she found from Edmund’s manner that he did mean to go with her.—He too was taking leave.—She could not but be thankful.—In the moment of parting, Edmund was invited by Dr. Grant to eat his mutton with him the next day;62 and Fanny had barely time for an unpleasant feeling on the occasion, when Mrs. Grant, with sudden recollection, turned to her and asked for the pleasure of her company too. This was so new an attention, so perfectly new a circumstance in the events of Fanny’s life, that she was all surprize and embarrassment; and while stammering out her great obligation, and her—“but she did not suppose it would be in her power,” was looking at Edmund for his opinion and help.—But Edmund, delighted with her having such an happiness offered, and ascertaining with half a look, and half a sentence, that she had no objection but on her aunt’s account, could not imagine that his mother would make any difficulty of sparing her, and therefore gave his decided open advice that the invitation should be accepted; and though Fanny would not venture, even on his encouragement, to such a flight of audacious independence, it was soon settled that if nothing were heard to the contrary, Mrs. Grant might expect her.

  A village in the distance, surrounded by farmland.

  [From Samuel Prout, Progressive Fragments, Drawn and Etched in a Broad and Simple Manner (London, 1818), Plate 24]

  “And you know what your dinner will be,” said Mrs. Grant, smiling—“the turkey—and I assure you a very fine one; for, my dear”—turning to her husband—“cook insists upon the turkey’s being dressed tomorrow.”

  “Very well, very well,” cried Dr. Grant, “all the better. I am glad to hear you have any thing so good in the house. But Miss Price and Mr. Edmund Bertram,63 I dare say, would take their chance. We none of us want to hear the bill of fare. A friendly meeting, and not a fine dinner, is all we have in view. A turkey or a goose, or a leg of mutton, or whatever you and your cook chuse to give us.”64

  The two cousins walked home together; and except in the immediate discussion of this engagement, which Edmund spoke of with the warmest satisfaction, as so particularly desirable for her in the intimacy which he saw with so much pleasure established, it was a silent walk—for having finished that subject, he grew thoughtful and indisposed for any other.

  St. Paul’s Cathedral.

  [From Fiona St. Aubyn, Ackermann’s Illustrated London, illustrations by Augustus Pugin and Thomas Rowlandson (Ware, 1985), p. 111]

  Chapter Five

  But why should Mrs. Grant ask Fanny?” said Lady Bertram. “How came she to think of asking Fanny?—Fanny never dines there, you know, in this sort of way. I cannot spare her, and I am sure she does not want to go.—Fanny, you do not want to go, do you?”

  “If you put such a question to her,” cried Edmund, preventing his cousin’s speaking, “Fanny will immediately say, no; but I am sure, my dear mother,1 she would like to go; and I can see no reason why she should not.”

  “I cannot imagine why Mrs. Grant should think of asking her.—She never did before.—She used to ask your sisters now and then, but she never asked Fanny.”2

  “If you cannot do without me, ma’am,” said Fanny, in a self-denying tone—

  “But my mother will have my father with her all the evening.”

  “To be sure, so I shall.”

  “Suppose you take my father’s opinion, ma’am.”

  “That’s well thought of. So I will, Edmund. I will ask Sir Thomas, as soon as he comes in, whether I can do without her.”

  “As you please, ma’am, on that head; but I meant my father’s opinion as to the propriety of the invitation’s being accepted or not; and I think he will consider it a right thing by Mrs. Grant, as well as by Fanny, that being the first invitation it should be accepted.”3

  “I do not know. We will ask him. But he will be very much surprized that Mrs. Grant should ask Fanny at all.”

  There was nothing more to be said, or that could be said to any purpose, till Sir Thomas were present; but the subject involving, as it did, her own evening’s comfort for the morrow, was so much uppermost in Lady Bertram’s mind, that half an hour afterwards, on his looking in for a minute in his way from his plantation to his dressing-room,4 she called him back again, when he had almost closed the door, with “Sir Thomas, stop a moment—I have something to say to you.”

  A letter by Jane Austen to her sister, which begins “My dear Cassandra.”

  [From Oscar Fay Adams, The Story of Jane Austen’s Life (Boston, 1896), p. 7]

  Her tone of calm languor, for she never took the trouble of raising her voice, was always heard and attended to; and Sir Thomas came back. Her story began; and Fanny immediately slipped out of the room; for to hear herself the subject of any discussion with her uncle, was more than her nerves could bear. She was anxious, she knew—more anxious perhaps than she ought to be—for what was it after all whether she went or staid?—but if her uncle were to be a great while considering and deciding, and with very grave looks, and those grave looks directed to her, and at last decide against her, she might not be able to appear properly submissive and indifferent. Her cause meanwhile went on well. It began, on L
ady Bertram’s part, with, “I have something to tell you that will surprize you. Mrs. Grant has asked Fanny to dinner!”

  “Well,” said Sir Thomas, as if waiting5 more to accomplish the surprize.

  “Edmund wants her to go. But how can I spare her?”

  “She will be late,” said Sir Thomas, taking out his watch, “but what is your difficulty?”

  Edmund found himself obliged to speak and fill up the blanks in his mother’s story. He told the whole, and she had only to add, “So strange! for Mrs. Grant never used to ask her.”

  “But is not it very natural,” observed Edmund, “that Mrs. Grant should wish to procure so agreeable a visitor for her sister?”

  “Nothing can be more natural,” said Sir Thomas, after a short deliberation; “nor, were there no sister in the case, could any thing in my opinion be more natural. Mrs. Grant’s shewing civility to Miss Price,6 to Lady Bertram’s niece, could never want explanation. The only surprize I can feel is that this should be the first time of its being paid. Fanny was perfectly right in giving only a conditional answer. She appears to feel as she ought. But as I conclude that she must wish to go, since all young people like to be together, I can see no reason why she should be denied the indulgence.”7

  “But can I do without her, Sir Thomas?”

  “Indeed I think you may.”

  A woman in a muslin dress of the time.

  [From Malcolm Salaman, Old English Colour Prints (New York, 1909), Plate X]

  “She always makes tea, you know, when my sister is not here.”

  “Your sister perhaps may be prevailed on to spend the day with us, and I shall certainly be at home.”