Mute Objects of Expression

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by Francis Ponge


  Dents et dentelles. Teeth and lace.

  Chiffons. Rags, dust cloths. Crème, cremeux. Cream, creamy.

  Œillet. Carnation: Linnaeus calls it a perfect bouquet, the ready-made bouquet.

  Satin.

  Festons. Garlands: “The beautiful forests outlined the crest of the slopes with a long pliant garland.”

  Fouetté. Whipped: whipped cream which turns into foam or froth with beating.

  Éternuer. To sneeze.

  Jacasse – magpie – and Jocasta?

  Jabot. Ruffle: appendage of muslin or lace.

  Froisser: to crumple or to crease; to cause irregular folds. (The source is a sound.)

  Friser. To crimp (as a napkin): to fold into small pleats, like waves.

  Friper: to crease (in the sense of crumple), to crush; confused with fespe, from fespa, which means rag and also fringe, a kind of plush.

  Franges. Fringe: etymology unknown. 2. Anatomical term: synovial folds.

  Déchiqueter: to shred into small scraps through many cuts. Se déchiqueter: to mutilate oneself.

  2

  Contrast it to calm, rounded flowers: arum, lilies, camellias, tuberoses.

  Not that it’s crazy, but it is violent (though well compacted, put together within reasonable limits).

  3

  At stem-tip, from an olive, from a supple acorn of leaves, the luxurious marvels of its linen come unbuttoned.

  Carnations, those marvelous rags.

  How clean they are.

  4

  Breathing them in, you feel a pleasure whose flip side would be a sneeze.

  Seeing them, the pleasure you feel at a glimpse of underpants with fine-cut lace, of a young girl who attends to her linens.

  5

  For “se déboutonner,” to unbutton or unburden oneself, to come unbuttoned, “unbudded” see bouton, button or bud. See also cicatrice, scar.

  Bouton: checked, avoid bringing together bout, end, and bouton, or even déboutonner in one sentence, since it is the same word (from bouter, to shove).

  6

  And naturally, all is but movement and passing, otherwise life, death, would be incomprehensible.

  Thus if they were to invent a pill for dissolving in vases to give the carnation eternal life – by nourishing its cells with mineral extracts – it would still not survive for long as a flower, since the flower is only a moment of the individual, which plays out its role as the species prescribes.

  (These first six pieces, the night of June 12 to 13, 1941, in the presence of the white carnations in Mme Dugourd’s garden.)

  7

  At stem’s tip, coming unbudded from a supple olive of leaves, a marvelous ruffle of cool satin with crevices of verdant snow still harboring a bit of chlorophyll, whose perfume stimulates the nostrils with pleasure just short of a sneeze.

  8

  Paper frill crinkled dust cloth

  Luxurious cool satin rag

  Luxurious dust cloth finely laced

  Crinkled rag of cool satin

  Luxurious kerchief finely laced

  Luxurious frippery in cool satin

  Lustrous

  9

  Ruffle paper frill or kerchief

  Luxurious rag finely laced

  Dust cloth

  Cool satin finely laced

  Fragrant frothy frenzied

  Stem tip green bamboo

  Swelling of polished fingernail

  Supple knob bulging with leaves

  Multiple fragrant sachets

  From which the frothy dress gushes

  June 13

  10

  Beacon in a buttonhole

  Projector

  Portable lamp

  Magondo

  Ruffle dust cloth kerchief

  Togs frippery tatters

  Billows of linens or ruff

  Of cool satin

  Opulent assembly

  Competition association

  Demonstration gathering

  Of petals done in humid cloth

  Coolly satined

  Throng pouring out of communion in a spreading stream

  Or finely laced white underpants of a young girl who attends to her linens

  Continually giving off the sort of perfume

  That threatens such pleasure – bringing you to the verge of a sneeze

  Trumpets filled gorged choked

  By the redundance of their own expression

  Throats entirely choked by tongues

  Their pavilions their lips shredded

  By the violence of their cries of their expressions

  Puckered creased crimped crushed

  Fringed festooned flogged

  Rumpled buckled cockled

  Quilled waffled curled

  Slashed ripped pleated tattered

  Flounced whorled waved denticulated

  Creamy foamy snowy white

  Homogeneous blended

  Perfect bouquet Ready-made bouquet

  Sprung from the supple acorn from the supple pointed olive

  That it forces ajar that it splits

  At the tip of its slim green bamboo stem

  With the well-spaced polished swellings

  And tongued as simply as possible

  But with July approaching

  The carnation is unbudding

  June 14

  11

  At the tip of its slim green bamboo stem with the polished well-spaced bulges from which two symmetrical leaves come unsheathed very simple little sabers successfully swells an acorn a supple pointed olive that’s forced ajar that’s rent into carnation from which unbuds

  a ruffle of cool satin marvelously crumpled a ruff profuse with little tongues twisted and torn by the violence of their talk:

  most particularly a perfume such that it produces on human nostrils a pleasurable effect all but sternutatory

  June 15

  12

  The stem

  of this magnificent hero – example to follow –

  is a delicate green bamboo

  with vigorous well-spaced swellings

  polished as a fingernail

  Beneath each one come unsheathed is the word

  two very simple little sabers

  symmetrically inoffensive

  At the tip destined for success

  swells an acorn a supple pointed olive

  Which suddenly bringing about an overwhelming

  modification

  forces it apart, pulling it open

  and unbudding it?

  A marvelous dust cloth of cool satin

  a ruffle with profusion of cool flickers

  little tongues of the same fabric

  twisted and shredded

  by the violence of their talk

  A trumpet choked

  on the redundance of its own cries

  at the pavilion shredded by their sheer violence

  While to confirm the phenomenon’s importance

  a perfume continuously is given off

  arousing in human nostrils

  an effect of intense pleasure

  almost sternutatory.

  13

  At the tip of a vigorous stalk

  trumpets of linens

  shredded by the violence of their talk:

  a perfume of sternutatory essence

  Plant with immobile kneecaps.

  The bud of a vigorous stalk

  splits into carnation

  14

  O rent into Œ

  O! Bud of vigorous stalk

  rent into OEILLET!

  Plant, with immobile kneecaps

  ELLE, she, O youthful vigor

  L of the symmetrical apostrophes

  O the supple pointed olive

  unfolding into Œ, I, double-L, E, T

  Little tongues shredded

  By the violence of their talk

  Damp satin raw satin

  etc.

  (My carnation shouldn’t amount to much; one must be
able to hold it between two fingers.)

  15

  Concluding Rhetoric for the Carnation

  Among the ecstasies, including lessons, to be drawn from a contemplation of carnations, there are several varieties, and I’d like, on a progressive scale of pleasure, to begin with the least spectacular, the most down to earth and perhaps most solid, those that emerge from the mind at the moment the shoot itself emerges from the earth . . .

  At first this plant hardly differs from ragweed. It clings to the soil, which looks at that spot both hard-packed and as sensitive as a gum being pierced by fangs. If you try to extract the little wisp, success won’t come easily, for you soon notice that beneath it there’s a sort of long horizontal root underlining the surface, a long and very tenacious will to resist, relatively quite considerable. We find ourselves dealing with a very resistant sort of thread that throws the extractor off balance, forcing him to alter the thrust of his effort. It is something very much like the sentence through which I’m trying “at this very moment” to express it, something that unfolds less than it tears away, that grips the soil with a thousand adventitious radicles – and is likely to break off (under my effort) before I have managed to extract the principle. Aware of this danger I risk it viciously, shamelessly, repeatedly.

  Enough of that, right? Let’s drop the root of our carnation.

  – We will drop it, fine, but restored to a more tranquil state of mind, and before letting our thoughts rise towards the stem – settling down on the grass, for instance, not far away, and observing without touching it again – we’ll nonetheless ponder the reasons for this form it has taken: why a thread rather than a tap root or simple subterranean branching like ordinary roots?

  Indeed we shouldn’t give way to the temptation of believing that it is simply to plague myself that I have just described this carnation behavior.

  But perhaps it is possible to detect in vegetal behavior a will to bind up the earth, to be its religion, its religious – and consequently its masters.

  But let’s return to the form of the roots. Why a thread rather than a tap root or a branching like ordinary roots?

  Two reasons might have existed behind this choice, either of them valid depending on whether you look at it as an aerial root or rather as a rampant stem.

  Perhaps if it is taken as an atrophied shrub, a weary, limp shrub without enough faith to raise itself vertically off the ground, then perhaps some millennial experience taught it the value of reserving its altitude for the flower.

  Or is it perhaps that this plant must cover a vast terrain in search of scarce principles suited to the particular urgency that culminates in its flower?

  The sheer length of these paragraphs devoted purely to the root of my subject must correspond to an analogous concern . . . but here we’ve gone the limit.

  Let’s come out of the ground at this chosen place . . .

  So there we’ve found the tone, upon reaching indifference.

  That was certainly what mattered most. Everything will flow from that . . . some other time.

  And I may just as well remain silent.

  Roanne, 1941 – Paris, 1944

  MIMOSA

  Quite often, genius and gaiety produce sudden little enthusiams.

  FONTENELLE

  Here, against a backdrop of azure sky, like a character in the Italian commedia, with a pinch of absurd histrionics, powdered as a Pierrot in his costume of yellow polka dots – mimosa.

  But it’s not a lunar shrub: rather a solar one, multisolar . . .

  A character of naive vainglory, easily discouraged.

  Anything but smooth, each seed, made up of silky hairs, is a heavenly body if you will, infinitely starred.

  The leaves seem like great feathers, very light and yet bowed under their own weight; therefore more touching than other palms, and for the same reason very distinguished as well. Yet nowadays there’s something vulgar about the idea of the mimosa; it’s a flower that has recently been vulgarized.

  . . . Just as in tamarisk there is tamis, or sieve, in mimosa there is mima, mimed.

  I never choose the easiest subjects; that’s why I choose the mimosa. And since it’s a very difficult subject, I must open a notebook.

  First of all, I have to say that the mimosa doesn’t inspire me in the least. It’s simply that I have some idea about it deep inside that I must bring out because I want to take advantage of it. Why is it that the mimosa fails to inspire me, while it was one of my childhood infatuations, one of my predilections? Much more than any other flower, it would arouse my emotions. Alone among them, they enthralled me. I believe it might have been through the mimosa that my sensuality was awakened, that it awoke to the sun of mimosas. I floated in ecstasy on the potent billows of its scent. So that even now each time mimosa appears within me, near me, it reminds me of all that, and then instantly fades.

  So I must thank the mimosa. And since I write, it would be unthinkable for me not to have a piece of writing about mimosas.

  But the truth is that the more I circle around this shrub, the more I seem to have chosen a difficult subject. That’s because I hold it in very high regard, wouldn’t want to treat it offhandedly (particularly given its extreme sensitivity). I want to approach it only with great delicacy...

  . . . This entire preamble, which could be pursued further still, should be called “Mimosa and I.” But it is to the mimosa itself – sweet illusion! – that we should turn now; to the mimosa without me, if you will . . .

  Rather than a flower, we should say a branch, a bough, perhaps even a feather of mimosa.

  No frond is more like a feather, a young feather, what lies between down and feather.

  Sessile, directly adhering to its branches, countless little balls, golden pompons, powder puffs of chick down.

  Mimosa’s minute golden pullets, we might say, gallinaceous seeds, the mimosa’s chicks as seen from two kilometers away.

  The hypersensitive palmery-plumery and its chicks two kilometers away.

  All this, seen through field glasses, scents the air.

  Perhaps what makes my work so difficult is that the name of the mimosa is already perfect. Knowing both the shrub and the name of mimosa makes it more difficult to find a better way to define the thing than the name itself.

  It seems as though it has been perfectly applied to it, that this thing has already been pinned down . . .

  Why no, the very idea! And then, is it really so much a question of defining it?

  Isn’t it much more urgent to emphasize, for instance, the mimosa’s proud but also gentle, caressing, affectionate, sensitive side? It shows solicitude in its gestures and its breath. Both alike are effusions, in the sense that the Littré gives: communication of intimate feelings and thoughts.

  And deference: condescension mingled with consideration and motivated by respect.

  Such is the sensitive greeting of its frond. Thereby hoping, perhaps, to have its vainglory excused.

  A thicket of gray feathers on the rumps of ostriches. Golden chicks hiding there (poorly hidden) but with no air of subterfuge.

  Carnival trinkets, props for the commedia. Pantomime, mimosa.

  Fans of pantomime disclose a

  Plan to undermine mimosa

  (As an ex-martyr of language, by now I must surely be allowed some time off from taking it seriously day in day out! Those are the only rights I demand, in my capacity of former combatant – in the holy war. No, really! There must be a middle ground between a tone of earnest conviction and this rag-tag doggerel.)

  Perfume this page, shade my reader, weightless bough of drooping feathers, of golden chicks!

  Weightless bough, gratuitous, of multiple flowerings.

  Downcast plumes, golden chicks.

  Full-blown, the little mimosa balls give off a prodigious scent then contract, fall silent: they have lived.

  I’ll say that they are flowers of the rostrum (or, yet again: of the stage).

  That they hav
e good chest tones, a high C from the chest. That their scent carries far. They are unanimously heeded and applauded, by throngs with nostrils wide.

  Mimosa speaks in a clear and intelligent voice; it speaks of gold.

  It is a good deed cast wide, a gift that’s gratuitous and pleasant to receive.

  Mimosa and its particular good deed.

  Yet it’s not a speech that it is giving, it’s one prestigious note, always the same but quite capable of persuasion.

  Mimosa (prose poem). – A single spray of the hypersensitive golden chick plumes, seen through binoculars two kilometers down the lane, pervades the house. Full blown, the little mimosa balls give off a prodigious fragrance and then contract; they have lived. Are they flowers of the rostrum? Their speech, unanimously heeded and applauded by the throng with nostrils wide, carries far:“MIraculous

 

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