Thomas Jefferson's Creme Brulee

Home > Other > Thomas Jefferson's Creme Brulee > Page 16
Thomas Jefferson's Creme Brulee Page 16

by Thomas J. Craughwell


  29. Adams, Paris Years of Thomas Jefferson, 10.

  30. Ibid., 10–11, 113.

  31. Morris, Diary of the French Revolution, 221.

  32. Adams, Paris Years of Thomas Jefferson, 19.

  33. Brodie, Thomas Jefferson, 314.

  34. Anna Stockwell, “Cooking Art History: A Jeffersonian Feast,” Saveur, February 23, 2011, http://www.saveur.com/article/Kitchen/Cooking-Art-History-A-Jeffersonian-Feast (accessed April 19, 2012).

  35. Brodie, Thomas Jefferson, 314.

  36. Ibid., 315.

  37. Adams, Paris Years of Thomas Jefferson, 23.

  38. Boyd, Papers of Thomas Jefferson, 15:512.

  Chapter 7: The Art of the Meal

  1. Fawn M. Brodie, Thomas Jefferson: An Intimate History (1974; reprint, New York: W.W. Norton, 2010), 31.

  2. Charles A. Cerami, Dinner at Mr. Jefferson’s: Three Men, Five Great Wines, and the Evening That Changed America (Hoboken: N.J.: Wiley, 2008), 1.

  3. Joseph. J. Ellis, Founding Brothers: The Revolutionary Generation (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000), 140.

  4. Cerami, Dinner at Mr. Jefferson’s, 119.

  5. Noble E. Cunningham Jr., Jefferson vs. Hamilton: Confrontations That Shaped a Nation (New York: Macmillan, 2000), 37.

  6. Dumas Malone, Jefferson and the Rights of Man (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1951), 2:301.

  7. Cerami, Dinner at Mr. Jefferson’s, 129–33.

  8. Cunningham, Jefferson vs. Hamilton, 37.

  9. Ellis, Founding Brothers, 153–54.

  10. The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, ed. John Catanzariti (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1950–), 24:354–5.

  11. Brodie, Thomas Jefferson, 359.

  12. Thomas Jefferson’s Farm Book, ed. Edwin Morris Betts (Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1955 (1944; reprint: Charlottesville, Va.: Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation, 1999), 15–16

  13. Lucia C. Stanton, Free Some Day: The African-American Families of Monticello (Charlottesville, Va.: Thomas Jefferson Foundation, 2000), 17.

  14. Damon Lee Fowler, ed., Dining at Monticello: In Good Taste and Abundance (Charlottesville, Va.: Thomas Jefferson Foundation, 2005), 23–25.

  15. [Isaac Jefferson], Memoirs of a Monticello Slave as Dictated to Charles Campbell in the 1840’s by Isaac, one of Thomas Jefferson’s Slaves, ed. Rayford W. Logan (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1951), 29.

  16. Fowler, Dining at Monticello, 42.

  17. [Jefferson], Memoirs of a Monticello Slave, 29.

  18. Fowler, Dining at Monticello, 73.

  19. Papers of Thomas Jefferson, 28:605.

  20. Ibid., 28:611.

  21. Stanton, Free Some Day, 127.

  22. Lester J. Cappon, ed., The Adams–Jefferson Letters: The Complete Correspondence Between Thomas Jefferson and Abigail and John Adams (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1959), 249.

  23. James Sterling Young, The Washington Community, 1800–1828 (New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1966), 167, 169–70.

  24. William Plumer Jr., ed., Life of William Plumer (Boston, Mass.: Phillips, Sampson, 1857), 245–46.

  25. William Parker Cutler et al., eds., Life, Journals and Correspondence of Rev. Manasseh Cutler, LL.D. (Cincinnati, Ohio: Robert Clarke, 1888), 2:71–72.

  26. Lucia C. Stanton, “ ‘A Well-Ordered Household’: Domestic Servants in Jefferson’s White House,” White House History 17 (2006), n.p.

  27. The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, ed. Barbara B. Oberg (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2009), 35:89–90.

  28. Margaret Bayard Smith, Forty Years of Washington Society (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1906), 391–92.

  29. Stanton, “A Well-Ordered Household,” 9–10.

  30. Jean Hanvey Hazelton, “Thomas Jefferson Gourmel’,” American Heritage 15, no. 6 (October 1964): http://www.americanheritage.com/content/thomas-jefferson-gourmel’.

  31. Fowler, Dining at Monticello, 3.

  32. Stanton, Free Some Day, 128–29.

  33. Fowler, Dining at Monticello, 8.

  Appendix

  The Wine Connoisseur

  1. Thomas Jefferson’s Monticello, “Wine is a necessary of life…(Quotation),” http://www.monticello.org/site/jefferson/wine-necessary-life-quotation (accessed April 25, 2012).

  2. James M. Gabler, “Thomas Jefferson’s Love Affair with Wine,” Forbes, February 21, 2006, http://www.forbes.com/2006/02/21/cx_0221wine4.html (accessed April 25, 2012).

  3. Thomas Jefferson’s Monticello, “Philip Mazzei,” http://www.monticello.org/site/research-and-collections/philip-mazzei (accessed April 25, 2012).

  4. Richard Cecil Garlick Jr., Philip Mazzei, Friend of Jefferson: His Life and Letters (Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1933), 43.

  5. Thomas Jefferson’s Monticello, “Philip Mazzei.”

  6. Jancis Robinson, ed., The Oxford Companion to Wine, 3rd ed. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006), 416–9.

  7. John Hailman, Thomas Jefferson on Wine (Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2006), 3–4.

  8. Jack McLaughlin, Jefferson and Monticello: The Biography of a Builder (New York: Henry Holt, 1988), 234–5.

  9. Hailman, Jefferson on Wine, 4.

  10. Ibid., 17.

  11. Thomas Jefferson’s Monticello, “The Vineyards,” http://www.monticello.org/site/house-and-gardens/vineyards (accessed April 25, 2012).

  12. Thomas Jefferson’s Monticello, “Wine,” http://www.monticello.org/site/research-and-collections/wine (accessed April 25, 2012).

  Vegetables: Thomas Jefferson’s “Principal Diet”

  1. The Writings of Thomas Jefferson (Washington, D.C.: Thomas Jefferson Memorial Association of the United States, 1904), 15:187.

  2. Henry S. Randall, The Life of Thomas Jefferson (New York: Derby & Jackson, 1858), 3:675.

  3. Charles M. Wiltse, et al., “Notes of Mr. Jefferson’s Conversation 1824 at Monticello,” Papers of Daniel Webster: Correspondence (Hanover, N.H.: University Press of New England, 1974), 1:371.

  4. Thomas Jefferson, Jefferson’s Memorandum Books: Accounts, with Legal Records and Miscellany, 1767–1826, eds. James A. Bear and Lucia Stanton (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1997), 1:73.

  5. Thomas Jefferson’s Monticello, “Interesting Facts & Stats from ‘A Rich Spot of Earth,’ ” http://www.monticello.org/site/house-and-gardens/richspotofearthfacts (accessed April 25, 2012).

  6. Thomas Jefferson’s Garden Book, 1766–1824: With Relevant Extracts from His Other Writings, ed. Edwin Morris Betts (1944; reprint: Charlottesville, Va.: Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation, 1999), xvi.

  7. Thomas Jefferson’s Monticello, “Jefferson: the Scientist and Gardener,” http://www.monticello.org/site/house-and-gardens/jefferson-scientist-and-gardener (accessed April 25, 2012).

  8. Thomas Jefferson’s Monticello, “Garden Pavilion,” http://www.monticello.org/site/house-and-gardens/garden-pavilion (accessed April 25, 2012).

  9. Jefferson’s Garden Book, 355.

  10. Lucia C. Stanton, Free Some Day: The African-American Families of Monticello (Charlottesville, Va.: Thomas Jefferson Foundation, 2000), 134.

  11. Thomas Jefferson’s Monticello, “19th-Century Vegetables and Cultivation Techniques,” http://www.monticello.org/site/house-and-gardens/19th-century-vegetables-and-cultivation-techniques (accessed April 26, 2012).

  12. Peter J. Hatch, “Thomas Jefferson’s Favorite Vegetables,” in Dining at Monticello: In Good Taste and Abundance, ed. Damon Lee Fowler (Charlottesville, Va.: Thomas Jefferson Foundation, 2005), 55.

  13. Ibid., 56.

  14. Thomas Jefferson’s Monticello, “Bernard McMahon,” http://www.monticello.org/site/house-and-gardens/bernard-mcmahon (accessed April 26, 2012).

  15. Thomas Jefferson’s Monticello, “Fun Fact,” http://www.monticello.org/site/jefferson/fun-fact-1 (accessed April 26, 2012).

  16. Mary Randolph, The Virginia Housewife: or, Methodical Cook (B
altimore, Md.: Plaskitt, Fite, 1838), 96.

  17. Hatch, “Jefferson’s Favorite Vegetables,” 57.

  18. Ibid., 61.

  19. Ibid.

  African Dishes on Monticello’s Table

  1. Joseph E. Holloway, “African Crops and Slave Cuisines,” The Slave Rebellion Web Site, http://slaverebellion.org/index.php?page=crops-slave-cuisines (accessed April 26, 2012).

  2. Dianne Swann-Wright, “African Americans and Monticello’s Food Culture,” in Dining at Monticello: In Good Taste and Abundance, ed. Damon Lee Fowler (Charlottesville, Va.: Thomas Jefferson Foundation, 2005), 43.

  3. Lucia C. Stanton, Slavery at Monticello (Charlottesville, Va.: Thomas Jefferson Foundation, 1993), 38.

  4. Marie Kimball, Thomas Jefferson’s Cook Book (1938; reprint, Richmond, Va.: Garrett and Massie, 2004), 9.

  5. Holloway, “African Crops and Slave Cuisines.”

  6. Karen Hess, The Carolina Rice Kitchen: The African Connection (Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1992), 49.

  7. Kimball, Jefferson’s Cook Book, 38–39.

  8. Ibid., 40.

  9. Ibid., 67.

  10. Holloway, “African Crops and Slave Cuisines.”

  11. Swann-Wright, “African Americans and Monticello’s Food Culture,” 41.

  12. Stanton, Slavery at Monticello, 25.

  SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY

  Adams, Henry. History of the United States of America during the Administrations of Thomas Jefferson. 2 vols. New York: Library of America, 1986.

  Adams, John. The Works of John Adams, Second President of the United States. Ed. Charles Francis Adams. Boston, Mass.: Little, Brown, 1851.

  Adams, John Quincy. Diary of John Quincy Adams. 2 vols. Ed. David Grayson Allen. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1981.

  Adams, William Howard. The Paris Years of Thomas Jefferson. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1997.

  Aresty, Esther B. The Exquisite Table: A History of French Cuisine. Indianapolis, Ind.: Bobbs-Merrill, 1980.

  Beran, Michael Knox. Jefferson’s Demons: Portrait of a Restless Mind. New York: Free Press, 2003.

  Bernier, Olivier. Lafayette: Hero of Two Worlds. New York: E. P. Dutton, 1983.

  Betts, Edwin Morris, ed. Thomas Jefferson’s Farm Book. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1955.

  ——–. Thomas Jefferson’s Garden Book, 1766–1824: With Relevant Extracts from His Other Writings. 1944; reprint: Charlottesville, Va.: Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation, 1999.

  Brennan, Thomas E., et al., eds. Public Drinking in the Early Modern World: Voices from the Tavern, 1500–1800. London: Pickering & Chatto, 2011.

  Brodie, Fawn M. Thomas Jefferson: An Intimate History. 1974; reprint, New York: W.W. Norton, 2010.

  Cappon, Lester J., ed. The Adams–Jefferson Letters: The Complete Correspondence Between Thomas Jefferson and Abigail and John Adams. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1988.

  Cerami, Charles A. Dinner at Mr. Jefferson’s: Three Men, Five Great Wines, and the Evening That Changed America. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley, 2008.

  Chelminski, Rudolph. The French at Table. New York: William Morrow, 1985.

  Chesnut, Mary. Mary Chesnut’s Civil War. Ed. C. Vann Woodward. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1981.

  Cunningham, Noble E., Jr. Jefferson vs. Hamilton: Confrontations That Shaped a Nation. New York: Macmillan, 2000.

  Cutler, William P., et al., eds. Life, Journals, and Correspondence of Rev. Manasseh Cutler, LL.D. Cincinnati, Ohio: Robert Clarke, 1888.

  Ellis, Joseph J. Founding Brothers: The Revolutionary Generation. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.

  Fenn, Elizabeth A. Pox Americana: The Great Smallpox Epidemic of 1775–82. New York: Hill and Wang, 2001.

  Ferguson, Priscilla Parkhurst. Accounting for Taste: The Triumph of French Cuisine. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004.

  Fleming, Thomas. “Franklin Charms Paris.” American Heritage 60, no. 1 (spring 2010). http://www.americanheritage.com/content/franklin-charms-paris (accessed March 7, 2012).

  ——–. Intimate Lives of the Founding Fathers. New York: Harper Collins, 2010.

  Ford, Franklin L. Europe, 1780–1830. London: Longman, 2002.

  Fowler, Damon Lee, ed. Dining at Monticello: In Good Taste and Abundance. Charlottesville, Va.: Thomas Jefferson Foundation, 2005.

  Fraser, Antonia. Marie Antoinette: The Journey. New York: Nan A. Talese/Doubleday, 2001.

  Gabler, James M. Passions: The Wines and Travels of Thomas Jefferson. Baltimore, Md.: Bacchus Press, 1995.

  ——–.“Thomas Jefferson’s Love Affair with Wine.” Forbes, February 21, 2006, http://www.forbes.com/2006/02/21/cx_0221wine4.html (accessed April 25, 2012).

  Garrioch, David. The Making of Revolutionary Paris. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2002.

  Gordon-Reed, Annette. The Hemingses of Monticello: An American Family. New York: W.W. Norton, 2008.

  Hailman, John. Thomas Jefferson on Wine. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2006.

  Harbury, Katharine E. Colonial Virginia’s Cooking Dynasty. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2004.

  Harris, Jessica B. High on the Hog: A Culinary Journey from Africa to America. New York: Bloomsbury, 2011.

  Hazelton, Jean Hanvey. “Thomas Jefferson Gourmel’.” American Heritage 15, no. 6 (October 1964). http://www.americanheritage.com/content/thomas-jefferson-gourmel’ (accessed March 7, 2012).

  Horne, Alistair. Seven Ages of Paris. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2002.

  Hussey, Andrew. Paris: The Secret History. New York: Bloomsbury, 2006.

  Isaacson, Walter. Benjamin Franklin: An American Life. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2003.

  [Jefferson, Isaac]. Memoirs of a Monticello Slave as Dictated to Charles Campbell in the 1840’s by Isaac, one of Thomas Jefferson’s Slaves. Ed. Rayford W. Logan. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1951.

  Jefferson, Thomas. Jefferson’s Memorandum Books: Accounts, with Legal Records and Miscellany, 1767–1826. Eds. James A. Bear and Lucia Stanton. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1997.

  ——–. The Papers of Thomas Jefferson. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1950–.

  ——–. The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Retirement Series. Ed. J. Jefferson Looney. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2005–.

  ——–. Thomas Jefferson: Writings. Ed. Merrill D. Peterson. New York: Library of America, 1984.

  ——–. The Writings of Thomas Jefferson. Vol. 19. Washington, D.C.: Thomas Jefferson Memorial Association of the United States, 1904.

  Kimball, Marie. Thomas Jefferson’s Cook Book. 1938; reprint: Richmond, Va.: Garrett and Massie, 2004.

  Lemay, J. A. Leo. The Life of Benjamin Franklin, Volume 2: Printer and Publisher, 1730–1747. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2006.

  Malone, Dumas. Jefferson and the Rights of Man. Vol. 2. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1951.

  Manceron, Claude. Their Gracious Pleasure, 1782–1785. Trans. Nancy Amphoux. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1980.

  Mann, Charles C. 1493: Uncovering the New World Columbus Created. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2011.

  McCullough, David. John Adams. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001.

  McLaughlin, Jack. Jefferson and Monticello: The Biography of a Builder. New York: Henry Holt, 1988.

  McWilliams, James E. A Revolution in Eating: How the Quest for Food Shaped America. New York: Columbia University Press, 2005.

  Morison, Samuel Eliot. The Oxford History of the American People. New York: Oxford University Press, 1972.

  Morris, Gouverneur. A Diary of the French Revolution. Ed. Beatrix Cary Davenport. 2 vols. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1939.

  New York Society Library. “Bringing Home the Exotic: François-Jean Chastellux, Travels in North America (1787).” http://www.nysoclib.org/exhibitions/travel/chastellux_francois.html (accessed March 7, 2012).


  O’Brien, Conor Cruise. The Long Affair: Thomas Jefferson and the French Revolution, 1785–1800. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996.

  Peabody, Sue. “There Are No Slaves in France”: The Political Culture of Race and Slavery in the Ancien Régime. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.

  Pearson, C. C., and J. Edwin Hendricks. Liquor and Anti-Liquor in Virginia, 1619–1919. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 1967.

  Peterson, Merrill D., ed. Visitors to Monticello. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1989.

  Pfanner, Eric. “In Burgundy, It’s All About Terroir.” New York Times, September 16, 2011.

  Phipps, Frances. Colonial Kitchens, Their Furnishings, and Their Gardens. Portland, Ore.: Hawthorn Books, 1972.

  Plumer, William, Jr., ed. Life of William Plumer. Boston, Mass.: Phillips, Sampson, 1857.

  Randall, Henry S. The Life of Thomas Jefferson. 3 vols. New York: Derby & Jackson, 1858.

  Randolph, Mary. The Virginia Housewife: or, Methodical Cook. Baltimore, Md.: Plaskitt, Fite, 1838.

  Reader, John. Potato: A History of the Propitious Esculent. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2009.

  Rein, Lisa. “Mystery of Va.’s First Slaves Is Unlocked 400 Years Later.” Washington Post, September 3, 2006.

  Rice, Howard C., Jr. Thomas Jefferson’s Paris. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1976.

  Robinson, Jancis, ed. The Oxford Companion to Wine. 3rd ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006.

  Roche, Daniel. The People of Paris: An Essay in Popular Culture in the 18th Century. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1987.

  Schaeper, Thomas J. France and America in the Revolutionary Era: The Life of Jacques-Donatien Leray de Chaumont, 1725–1803. Brooklyn, N.Y., and Oxford, Eng.: Berghahn Books, 1995.

  Schama, Simon. Citizens: A Chronicle of the French Revolution. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1989.

  Scharff, Virginia. The Women Jefferson Loved. New York: HarperCollins, 2010.

  Schiff, Stacy. A Great Improvisation: Franklin, France, and the Birth of America. New York: Henry Holt, 2005.

 

‹ Prev