Courage, acts of: near Warsaw (1940), 1; in Warsaw (1940), 2; in Warsaw (1941), 3, 4; at Luck (1941), 5; in Bialystok (1941), 6; in Rowne (1941), 7; at Kamenets Podolsk, by Christians (1941), 8; at Piotrkow (1941), 9; at Babi Yar (1941), 10; in Berlin, by a Catholic priest (1941), 11; by a German officer (1941), 12; by a Latvian store man (1941), 13; at Brailov (1942), 14; at Baranowicze, 15; at Zdunska Wola, 16; during a deportation, 17; at Dabrowa, 18; by two Jewish sisters, 19; at Pabianice, 20; in Ozorkow, 21; in Sosnowiec, 22; during the deportations from Warsaw, 23; in Oslo, 24; at Lachwa, 25; by French Catholic clergymen, 26, 27; at Kaluszyn, 28; at Zloczow, 29; at Piotrkow, 30; at Lomza, 31; at Jasionowka, 32; in France, 33; in the Warsaw uprising (of August 1944), 34; see also index entries for Defiance, acts of and Resistance, acts of
Couturier, Claude Vaillant: recalls fate of Jewish deportees at Auschwitz, 1, 2, 3, 4
Cracow: Jewish deportees pass through (1939), 1; forced labour decree and labour camps in (1939), 2; decree from, forces Jews to wear a special badge (23 November 1939), 3; first expulsions from (1 August 1940), 4; two rabbis from, killed (1941), 5; a refugee from, 6; a conference in, on Jews to be ‘done away with’ (9 October 1941), 7; a further conference in (16 December 1941), 8; and the ‘final solution’, 9; and the death camp at Belzec (1942), 10; a further deportation from (June 1942), 11; fate of a bacteriologist from, 12; Nazi Party meetings at, and the Jews, 13, 14; Jews from, in Dzialoszyce, 15; a further deportation from (October 1942), 16; resistance near, 17; the Jewish Fighting Organization in, 18 n. 19; a Jewish child from, given sanctuary by Catholics, 20; resistance in, 21; a further deportation from, 22; acts of defiance in, 23; a Jewess poses as a Catholic in, 24; Poles help Jews in, 25; Poles executed for helping Jews in, 26; two escapees set off from Auschwitz for, 27; a final deportation to Plaszow from, 28; an accident on the way to, after liberation, 29; anti-Jewish riots in, after liberation, 30; Jews murdered on the way to, after liberation (1946), 31; a ritual murder charge in, after liberation, 32; Jews travelling from, murdered after liberation, 33; anti-Jewish ‘guffaws’ in (1946), 34; a Jewish girl’s decision, to stay with her parents in (during an ‘action’), 35
Crete: Jews of, drowned (1944), 1
Crimea: ‘purged of Jews’ (1942), 1
Croatia: fate of Jews in (1941), 1; Jews of, listed (1942), 2; the ‘key questions… already resolved’, 3; Italians refuse to deport remaining Jews of, 4, 5; camps in, 6
Crysostomos, Archbishop: saves Jews, 1
Cuba: and Jewish refugees (1939), 1
Cuneo: six Jews shot at (1945), 1
Cung, Dr Wladyslaw: shot (1943), 1
Curacao: no visa needed for, 1
Cytron, Tuviah: attends dying Germans, 1
Czechoslovakia: 1, 2; Jews find refuge in, 3, 4; disintegrates (1939), 5; refugees from, in Denmark, 6; refugees from, in Holland, 7; and the Patria tragedy, 8; refugees from, in Yugoslavia, 9; and the Jews of Hungary, 10; fate of Jews from, at Belzec, 11, 12; fate of Jews from, at Sobibor, 13; German reprisals in (1942), 14; Jew deported from, on the River Bug, 15; Jews from, deported to Warsaw, 16; Jews from, turned back from Switzerland to France, 17; Jews from, sent to Auschwitz from Theresienstadt, 18; Jews from, in ranks of the Red Army, 19; refugees from, in Denmark, 20; Jews from, murdered at Kovno, 21; fate of the ‘Czech Family Camp’ of Jews from, at Birkenau, 22; Jews from, deported from Rhodes (1944), 23; Jews from, rescued from Yugoslavia, 24; fate of a former ski champion from, 25; last moments of a boy from (1945), 26; a Catholic rescues some Jews from, 27
Czeremosz river: Jews drowned in (1941), 1
Czerkaski, Asher: and a break-out from a ghetto (1942), 1
Czerniakow, Adam: chairman of the Warsaw Jewish Council (1939), 1; hears news of mass murder (in Vilna), 2; and German assurances, 3; a deportation ‘quota’ demanded of, 4, 5; commits suicide, 6
Czernowitz: mass murder at (1941), 1
Czestochowa: ‘Bloody Monday’ (1939), 1; Jewish enterprises confiscated (1939), 2; Jewish forced labourers from (1940), 3; ghetto established in, 4; a deportation to (1941), 5; visitors to (1942), 6; a postcard thrown from a train at, 7; the Jewish Fighting Organization in, 8 n. 9; resistance, and reprisals in, 10; a mass execution in (1943), 11; and the survival of the ghetto (1943), 12; the author’s great uncle murdered in, 13; Jews deported to Treblinka from, 14; resistance in (1943), 15; evacuation of labour camps near (1945), 16; a Jewess from, too weak to survive liberation, 17; two Jews nearly murdered in, after liberation, 18
Czortkow: a deportation from (1942), 1; a final ‘action’ in (1943), 2
Czuwak, Tuwia: and plans for revolt, 1
Czyste Hospital (Warsaw): forced to move premises to ghetto (1940), 1; a massacre in (1943), 2
Dabie: death of Jews from (1941), 1, Dabrowa (Cracow): a Jewish child given sanctuary at, 2, 3
Dabrowa (Silesia): a courageous act in, 1
Dabrowa (Tarnow): Jews murdered in (1942), 1
Dachau concentration camp: established (1933), 1, 2; four Jews murdered in (1933), 3, 4; ‘model’ punishment at, 5; Jews sent to (1937), 6; Jews released from, 7, 8; descriptions of terror in (1938), 9, 10; and Shanghai, 11; Jews reach Britain from (1939), 12; a death on the way to (1941), 13; a death in, 14; the clothing of murdered Jews, sent to for sorting (1943), 15; Jews deported from Auschwitz to labour camps in the region of (1944), 16; a helper of Jews deported to, 17; evacuations to (from October 1944), 18, 19; a Jew executed in (November 1944), 20; the struggle to survive in a camp near, 21; escape during a march to (1945), 22; United States troops enter, 23; the first sight of, 24; a survivor of, liberated near, 25; death of survivors at, 26, 27; and revenge, 28; and a son finds his father at, 29
Dafni, Reuven: and a mission into occupied Europe, 1
Dalnik: mass murder at (1941), 1
Dam Max Van: killed (1943), 1
Daniel, Rabbi (of Kelme): his words of wisdom on the eve of mass murder (1941), 1
Dankiewicz (of Pruszkow): hides a Jewess, 1
Dante: his ‘inferno’ seems ‘almost a comedy’, 1, 2
Danube, river: 1; Jews seek safety by, 2, 3, 4, 5; Jews and Serbs murdered at (1942), 6; Jews murdered at (1944), 7, 8
Danzig, Free City of: 1, 2; deportees pass through (1944), 3; evacuation of labour camps near (1945), 4
Danzig-West Prussia: Jews expelled from (1939), 1
Dardanelles, the: barred to Jewish refugees (1940), 1
Darre, Walter: 1
Datner, Szymon: and Bialystok, 1; and a ‘passive act of heroism’, 2; his own resistance activities, 3; and the murder of Jews after liberation, 4; and the disappearance of a Jew after liberation, 5
Davydov, Vladimir: coordinates a break-out, 1; escapes, later gives evidence, 2
Day of Atonement: indignities against Jews during (1939), 1; and the establishment of the Warsaw ghetto (1940), 2; and ‘eating’, 3; and the eastern massacres (1941), 4, 5; in Warsaw (1942), 6; at Birkenau (1943), 7; in the Pawiak prison (1943), 8; in Riga (1943), 9; at Plaszow (1943), 10; at Sobibor (1943) 11; at Auschwitz-Birkenau (1944), 12; at Dachau (1944), 13
Days of Awe: killings during (1941), 1
‘Death to a Dog’: a ‘turning point’ in Jewish history, 1
Debica: Poles in, warned not to help Jews, 1
Deception: (and mass murder), 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14; at Belzec death camp, 15, 16; at Treblinka, 17, 18, 19; and illusion, 20; and Palestine, 21, 22, 23, 24; and Ponary, 25; at Auschwitz-Birkenau, 26, 27; by postcard, 28; in Lodz, 29, 30; at Theresienstadt, 31; at Neumark, 32; at Palmnicken, 33
Defiance: acts of (1941), 1, 2; at Lida (1941), 3; near Kiev (1941), 4; at Kedainiai (1941), 5; in Kiev (1941), 6; at Zagare (1941), 7; in Lodz (1941), 8; in White Russia (1941), 9; at Krugoje, 10; at Mogilev, 11; at Bobruisk, 12; at Kovno, 13; at Bilgoraj, 14; at Markuszow, 15; in Berlin, 16; at Radziwillow, 17; in Warsaw, 18; at Dabrowa Tarnowska, 19; in Warsaw (June 1942), 20; at Mielnica, 21; during the deportations from Warsaw to Treblinka, 22, 23, 24; at Krzemieniec,
25, 26; at Falenica, 27; at Treblinka, 28, 29, 30, 31; in the Volhynia, 32; at Lukow, 33; at Zwierzyniec, 34; in the Bialystok region, 35; between Zwierzyniec and Treblinka, 36; in Lvov, 37, 38; in Bialystok (February 1943), 39; in the cemetery at Piotrkow, 40; at Ponary (April 1943), 41; at Treblinka, 42; on the Belgian-German border, 43; on the way to Plaszow camp, 44; in the undressing at Cracow, 45; at Sobibor, 46, 47; at Rohatyn, 48; at Brody, 49; at Michalowice, 50; at Vaivara camp, 51; at Turno, 52; at a labour camp in Nowogrodek, 53; at Babi Yar, 54; in Minsk, 55; at Birkenau, 56, 57, 58, 59; during the ‘Harvest Festival’ massacre (November 1943), 60; at Poniatowa, 61; at Miechow, 62; at the Ninth Fort in Kovno, 63; at Borki, 64; in Kovno, 65, 66; at Munkacs, 67; at Satoraljaujhely, 68; at Bialystok, 69; at Auschwitz-Birkenau, 70; in the Black Forest, 71; at Jasenovac, 72; see also index entries for Courage, acts of and Resistance, acts of
Deleanu, Lieutenant-Colonel N.: and the Rumanian occupation of Odessa, 1
Demidenko (at Babi Yar): ‘start shovelling!’, 1
Demir-Hisar: deportation through, 1
Denmark: Jews come within Nazi orbit in (1940), 1; and the German wish for deportations from (1942), 2; Jews of, escape (September 1943), 3; Jews from, released from Theresienstadt (1945), 4
Department IV-D-4: see index entry for Bureau IV-B-4
Dereczyn: mass murder at (1941), 1
Dessau, Leib: beaten to death (1939), 1
Deutsch, Stephan: dies (1941), 1
Deweltow, Roza: a Heroine of the Soviet Union, 1
Di Consiglio, Alina: aged three, deported to Auschwitz, 1
Dibauer (Gestapo chief): his sadism, 1
Djakovo: Jews murdered at, 1
Djerba: homes plundered in, 1
Dniester River: death marches to (1941), 1; mass murder on banks of (1941), 2
Dobele: rescue of Jews from, 1
Dobra: Jews from, sent to their deaths (1941), 1, 2 n. 2
Dobroszycki, Lucjan: recalls the effect of the Normandy landings in the Lodz ghetto, 1
Dobrzynski, Fraidla: commits suicide (1942), 1
Dobrzynski, Icek: commits suicide (1942), 1
Dodd, William: appeals to Hitler (1937), 1
‘Dog with Dog’: in Sosnowiec, 1
Dogim, Isaac: helps lead an escape, 1
Dohnanyi, Hans von: helps Jews, 1
Dollfuss, Dr Engelbert: murdered (1934), 1
Domanovka: mass murder of Jews at (1941), 1, 2
Dombroveni: deportation from (1941), 1
Dombrowska, Esther: shot (1942), 1
Donat, Alexander: and events in the Warsaw ghetto, 1, 2, 3; and the deportations from Warsaw to Treblinka, 4, 5; and a ‘turning point’ in Jewish history, 6; and the Warsaw uprising, 7, 8; at Majdanek, 9
Donoff, David: executed (1944), 1
Dordogne: a Jew killed in (1944), 1
Dorebus, Joseph: deported, 1; leads revolt at Auschwitz, and killed (1944), 2
Dorebus, Pesa; deported, 1 n. 2
Dorfman, Bronislawa: dies after liberation (1945), 1
Dornberg, Salomon: murdered, after liberation, 1
Dorosiewicz, Stanislaw: escapes, 1
Dortmund: Jews deported to Riga from (1941), 1 n. 2
Draenger, Gusta: her act of defiance, 1
Dragon, Szlama: recovers a manuscript, 1 n. 2
Drancy (Paris): deportations from, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; death of a Jew at, 7; further deportations from, 8
Draper, Colonel Gerald: and the scenes at Belsen after liberation, 1
Drescher (a teacher): shot (1941), 1
Dresden: and the ‘final solution’, 1; a labour camp on the road to, 2, 3; a Jewess from, too weak to survive liberation, 4
Drexel, Hans: his demands (1939), 1
Drobless, Matti: escapes from the Warsaw ghetto, 1
Drohiczyn: Jews flee from, 1; Jews shot at (1942), 2
Drohobycz: mass murder at (1941), 1, 2; deportations from (1942), 3, 4; mass murder at, of the remnants (1943), 5
Dryzin, Isaak: rescued, with his brother, Dubno: eye-witness to mass murder in (1942), 1; Jewish partisans in, destroyed, 2
Dubnov, Simon: killed (1941), 1; ‘write and record!’, 2
Dubossary: mass murder at (1941), 1
Dubski, Dr: dies (1941), 1
Dubski, Yisrael: shot (1942), 1
Duenamuende: deportation to (1941), 1, 2
Dukor, Liya: helps revolt, 1
Dulski (Jewish Council member): 1
Dunand, Georges: tries to help Jews, 1
Dunkirk: British withdraw from (1940), 1
Düsseldorf: 1; deportation from (1941), 2, 3 n. 4; plans for deportation discussed by a representative from (1942), 5; Jews from, in Lodz, deported to Chelmno (1942), 6; recollections in a courtroom in, 7
Dvach, Anna: ensures survival of thirteen Jews, 1
Dvina river: Jews gassed on banks of (1944), 1
Dvinsk (Daugavpils): ‘murdered, in cold blood!’, 1; murder of children at, 2; further mass murder at (1941), 3; an execution in (1941), 4; work, hope and fear in, 5; an action in (1 May 1941), 6
Dvorjetsky (Dworzecki), Meir Mark: learns of a mass murder site (1941), 1; and the ‘days of civilization’, 2; and an escape into the Black Forest (1945), 3
Dworzecki, Alter: shot (1942), 1
Dyzenhaus, Ludwik: shot (1940), 1
Dziadlowo Camp (Mlawa, Poland): 1
Dzialoszyce: deportation from (1942), 1; Jews murdered by Poles in, after liberation, 2
Dzienciolski, Haya: escapes (1941), 1; survives, 2
Dzierzoniow (Reichenbach): 1
Dziobaty (an SS man): his cruelty, 1
East Prussia: Jews deported to camps in (1944), 1; mass murder in (1945), 2
East Upper Silesia: a concentration camp established in (1940), 1; labour camps in (1941), 2; Jewish Council in, 3; factories of (1942), 4
Eastermann, A. L.: statistics provided by (1946), 1 n. 2, 3 n. 1
Eastern Galicia: 1; mass murder in (1941), 2, 3; deportations to Belzec from (1942), 4, 5; the search for survival in (1943), 6
Ebensee: survivors of Auschwitz and the Polish labour camps evacuated to (1945), 1, 2; a death march to, from Mauthausen, 3; liberation of, 4
Eberson (of Lvov): killed (1943), 1
Eblagon, Albert: recalls conditions at Alderney Camp, on the Channel Islands, 1
Eckhardt, J. A.: fears ‘renewal’ of Jewry in the United States, 1
Eckstein, Henry: killed (1942), 1
Edelbaum, Ben: witnesses a hospital ‘action’, 1; and ‘the most terrifying lamentations’, 2; and a ‘children’s action’ in Lodz, 3
Edelbaum, Esther: the fate of her child (1941). 1
Edelman, David: killed in battle (1944), 1
Edelstein, Jacob: deported, 1; murdered, 2
Eden, Anthony: 1
Edgar, Donald: sees women slave labourers (1940), 1
Edineti camp: deaths at (1941), 1
Edvardson, Cordelia: ‘I am alive’, 1
Egypt: 1; British forces on defensive in, 2
Ehrlich (from Silesia): killed (1942), 1
Ehrlich, Dr: a partisan medical officer, 1
Eichmann, Adolf: and Jewish emigration (1938), 1; and Jewish ‘resettlement’ (1939), 2; and the eastern killings (1941), 3; and poison gas (1941), 4; and the ‘approaching final solution’ (1941), 5, 6; and the Wannsee Conference (20 January 1942), 7, 8; and an appeal on behalf of a Jew, 9; and imminent deportations (6 March 1942), 10; an eye-witness to mass murder (at Chelmno), 11; and the renewed deportations from Germany (April 1942), 12; and a deportation to Lublin (June 1942), 13; his department, and gas-vans, 14; angered, 15; a complaint made, to the office of, 16; and Jewish skeletons, 17; in Hungary, 18, 19, 20, 21; leaves Budapest, 22; returns to Budapest (October 1944), 23; visits Theresienstadt (April 1945), 24
Eichmann Trial: a witness at, 1; a scar shown at, 2
Eimann, Kurt: and euthanasia shootings (1939), 1
Einsatzgruppen (killing squads): and the mass murder of Jews, 1 p
assim, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Einsatzkommando: killing operations report of (1941), 1, 2; at Kishinev, 3; in White Russia, 4, 5, 6; in Eastern Galicia, 7; throughout the east, 8, 9, 10; at Vilna, 11; in Kiev, 12; at Nikolayev and Kherson, 13; at Kovno, 14, 15; in Lithuania, 16; in the Crimea, 17; at a remote ghetto, 18; at Khmelnik, 19; at Kremenchug, 20; in the Crimea, 21, 22; at Radziwillow, 23; in the Kherson region, 24; and the use of gas-vans, 25; at Mielnica, 26; at Rowne, 27; at Szarkowszczyzna, 28; and the exhumation and burning of corpses, 29; in Slovakia, 30
Einsporn, Fritz: witnesses a deportation, 1
Einstein, Albert: forced into exile (1933), 1
Eisenberg, Filip: killed (1942), 1
Eisenhower, General: shocked by a mass grave (1945), 1
Eisenstab (a furrier): at Chelmno, 1, 2, 3, 4
Ejszyszki: mass murder at (1941), 1; death of two Jews at, after liberation (1944), 2
Ekstein, Pavel: shot (1944), 1
Electrocutions: rumoured (1942), 1, 2
Elektoralna Street (Warsaw): death of a Jew from (1942), 1
Elizabeth, Queen of the Belgians: her intervention, 1
Elkes, Elchanan: in Kovno, 1, 2
Elyashiv, Vera: the ‘terrible moments’, in Kovno, 1; deported from Kovno, 2
Emmerich, SS Sergeant: wounded, 1
Endelman, Leon: commits suicide (1942), 1
Endlösung (Final Solution): ‘doubtless imminent’ (20 May 1941), 1
Epaux, Annette: on the way to death (1943), 1
Epstein (a baker): ‘terrified’, 1
Epstein, Dr Bernard: killed with his wife and two sons (1943), 1
Epsztejn, Esther: recalls deaths from weakness, after liberation, 1
Erler, SS Corporal: killed (1944), 1
Esperanto: fate of children of inventor of, 1
Essen: 1, 2
Essentuki: Jews of, killed (1941), 1
Esterwegen concentration camp: established (1933), 1
Estonia: 1; anti-Jewish decree in (1941), 2; ‘without Jews’ (1941), 3; a deportation to, from Berlin (1942), 4; Jews deported to a camp in (1942), from Vilna and Kovno, 5; deportations from (1944), 6; survivors from the labour camps in, escape in the Black Forest (1945), 7
Eszenbaum, Israel: executed (1941), 1, 2 n. 4
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