by Paul Martin
6. “The Triangle Factory Fire,” Cornell University, 2011, http://www.ilr.cornell.edu/trianglefire (accessed July 22, 2011).
7. Ibid.
8. “Biography: Harris and Blanck.” See also Allan Chernoff, “Remembering the Triangle Fire 100 Years Later,” CNNMoney.com, March 25, 2011, http://money.cnn.com/2011/03/24/news/Triangle_fire_centennial/index.htm?hpt=C1 (accessed July 15, 2011); “Introduction: Triangle Fire”; “Triangle Fire [television program],” American Experience, PBS Station WGBH, 2011; and “Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Building.”
9. “141 Men and Girls Die in Waist Factory Fire; Trapped High up in Washington Place Building; Street Strewn with Bodies; Piles of Dead Inside,” New York Times, March 26, 1911, p. 2. See also, Stein, Triangle Fire, pp. 61–66.
10. Joseph Berger, “100 Years Later, the Roll of the Dead in a Factory Fire Is Complete,” New York Times, February 20, 2011, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/21/nyregion/21triangle.html?_r=1 (accessed July 15, 2011). See also Jon Kalish, “A Somber Centennial for the Triangle Factory Fire,” NPR, March 24, 2011, http://www.npr.org/2011/03/24/134766737/a-somber-centennial-for-the-triangle-factory-fire (accessed July 16, 2011).
11. Marcus Baram and Andrea Stone, “Triangle Shirtwaist Co. Factory Fire’s Legacy under Threat,” HuffingtonPost.com, May 25, 2011, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/03/25/triangle-shirtwaist-co-factory-fire-legacy_n_840835.html (accessed July 21, 2011). See also “Introduction: Triangle Fire,” and “Triangle Shirtwaist: The Birth of the New Deal,” Economist, March 17, 2011, http://www.economist.com/node/18396085?story_id=18396085 (accessed July 23, 2011).
12. “Biography: Harris and Blanck.” See also “Introduction: Triangle Fire,” and Linder, “Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire Trial.”
13. “Biography: Harris and Blanck.” See also Linder, “Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire Trial.”
14. “Biography: Harris and Blanck.” See also “Introduction: Triangle Fire”; Linder, “Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire Trial”; and Von Drehle, Triangle: The Fire That Changed America, p. 164.
15. Linder, “Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire Trial.” See also Stein, Triangle Fire, pp. 201–203.
16. Linder, “Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire Trial.” See also “Triangle Witnesses Got Increased Pay,” New York Times, December 22, 1911, p. 7.
17. “Biography: Harris and Blanck.”
18. Linder, “Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire Trial.”
19. Baram and Stone, “Triangle Shirtwaist Co. Factory Fire’s Legacy under Threat.” See also “Biography: Harris and Blanck.”
20. “Introduction: Triangle Fire.” See also Linder, “Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire Trial,” and “Triangle Shirtwaist: The Birth of the New Deal.”
21. “Triangle Shirtwaist: The Birth of the New Deal.”
22. Stein, Triangle Fire, p. 28.
23. Baram and Stone, “Triangle Shirtwaist Co. Factory Fire’s Legacy under Threat.” See also Gina De Angelis, The Triangle Shirtwaist Company Fire of 1911 (Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers, 2001), pp. 102–103, and Suzanne Lieurance, The Triangle Shirtwaist Fire and Sweatshop Reform in American History (Berkeley Heights, NJ: Enslow Publishers, 2003), pp. 104–109.
24. Stein, Triangle Fire, p. 141.
CHAPTER 7. CHICAGO’S FLORIST-MOBSTER—DEAN O’BANION
1. James Doherty, “The Shooting of Dion O’Banion,” Chicago Tribune, February 25, 1951, p. B4. See also T. J. English, Paddy Whacked: The Untold Story of the Irish American Gangster (New York: HarperCollins, 2005), p. 148; John H. Lyle, “‘Kill Dion O’Banion’—The Mob Says It with Flowers,” Chicago Tribune, November 26, 1960, p. 9; and Maureen M’Kernan, “In $10,000 Casket Dean Lies in State,” Chicago Tribune, November 13, 1924, p. 1.
2. James O’Donnell Bennett, “Gangland: The True Story of Chicago Crime,” Chicago Tribune, February 3, 1929, p. 1. See also English, Paddy Whacked, p. 144, and “Girl an O’Banion Death Clue,” Chicago Tribune, November 11, 1924, p. 1.
3. Tim Dirks, “Filmsite Movie Review: The Public Enemy (1931),” AMC Filmsite, http://www.filmsite.org/publ.html (accessed March 11, 2012). See also Rose Keefe, Guns and Roses: The Untold Story of Dean O’Banion, Chicago’s Big Shot before Al Capone (Nashville, TN: Cumberland House, 2003), p. 278.
4. Laurence Bergreen, Capone: The Man and the Era (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1994), p. 129. See also English, Paddy Whacked, p. 140; Lyle, “‘Kill Dion O’Banion,” p. 9; and Jay Robert Nash, Bloodletters and Badmen: A Narrative Encyclopedia of American Criminals from the Pilgrims to the Present (New York: M. Evans and Co.: 1995), p. 473.
5. Herbert Asbury, Gem of the Prairie: An Informal History of the Chicago Underworld (DeKalb, IL: Northern Illinois University Press, 1986), pp. 344–45. See also “Dean O’Banion Online,” DeanOBanion.com, http://www.deanobanion.com (accessed March 8, 2012); English, Paddy Whacked, p. 137; Keefe, Guns and Roses, pp. 126, 153–54; and Nash, Bloodletters and Badmen, p. 474.
6. Keefe, Guns and Roses, p. 72. See also Steve Mills, “Vending Violence in a ‘.38-caliber Circulation Drive,’” Chicago Tribune, June 8, 1997, http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1997 -06-08/news/9706300093_1_walter-h-annenberg-circulation-william-randolph-hearst (accessed March 16, 2012).
7. English, Paddy Whacked, p. 144. See also Keefe, Guns and Roses, p. 32–34, and Robert J. Schoenberg, Mr. Capone (New York: William Morrow, 1992), p. 107.
8. Asbury, Gem of the Prairie, p. 344. See also English, Paddy Whacked, p. 144; “Indict O’Banion, Lieut. M. Grady in Rum Scandal,” Chicago Tribune, May 30, 1924, p. 3; and Nash, Bloodletters and Badmen, p. 475.
9. Asbury, Gem of the Prairie, p. 344. See also Bergreen, Capone, p. 129, and “Chicago Remains to Be Seen: Dean O’Banion,” Cemeteryguide.com, http://cemeteryguide.com/obanion.html (accessed March 8, 2012).
10. English, Paddy Whacked, p. 137. See also Schoenberg, Mr. Capone, pp. 104–105.
11. Nash, Bloodletters and Badmen, p. 476.
12. Asbury, Gem of the Prairie, pp. 348–49. See also English, Paddy Whacked, pp. 140–41, and Keefe, Guns and Roses, pp. xix, 181–83.
13. Nash, Bloodletters and Badmen, p. 477. See also Schoenberg, Mr. Capone, pp. 117–20.
14. “The Age of the Rum Runner Passes with Repeal,” Chicago Tribune, June 17, 1934, p. G4. See also Associated Press, “Capone Dead at 48; Dry Era Gang Chief,” On This Day: January 26, 1947, New York Times, 2011, http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/bday/0117.html (accessed March17, 2012), and “O’Banion Gang like Pirates of Olden Days,” Chicago Tribune, November 11, 1924, p. 3.
15. “The Age of the Rum Runner Passes with Repeal,” p. G4. See also William Helmer with Rick Mattix, Public Enemies: America’s Criminal Past, 1919–1940 (New York: Facts on File, 1998), pp. 88–89.
16. Mark H. Haller, “Capone, Al,” American National Biography Online, February 2000, http://www.anb.org/articles/20/20-00146.html (accessed February 26, 2012). See also “38 Slain in Four Years of Inter-Gang Warfare,” Chicago Tribune, February 15, 1929, p. 2.
17. “The Age of the Rum Runner Passes with Repeal,” p. G4.
18. “Dean O’Banion Online.” See also Keefe, Guns and Roses, pp. 3–4, 161–63, 168–69, and Schoenberg, Mr. Capone, p. 109.
19. James Doherty, “Thousands at Funeral,” Chicago Tribune, November 15, 1924, p. 1.
20. Ibid.
21. English, Paddy Whacked, p. 137. See also M’Kernan, “In $10,000 Casket Dean Lies in State,” p. 4, and Nash, Bloodletters and Badmen, p. 478.
22. “Girl an O’Banion Death Clue,” p. 1.
CHAPTER 8. A HUCKSTER’S RISE AND FALL—JOHN BRINKLEY
1. Gene Fowler and Bill Crawford, Border Radio: Quacks, Yodelers, Pitchmen, Psychics, and Other Amazing Broadcasters of the American Airwaves (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2004), p. 20. See also Alton R. Lee, The Bizarre Careers of John R. Brinkley (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2002), pp. 30–31.
2. Fowler and Crawford, Border Radio, pp. 16–18. See also Joe Sc
hwarcz, The Genie in the Bottle (New York: Henry Holt & Co., 2001), pp. 282–86.
3. Fowler and Crawford, Border Radio, pp. 61–65. See also Lee, Bizarre Careers of John R. Brinkley, pp. xv, 218, 236.
4. Lee, Bizarre Careers of John R. Brinkley, p. 20.
5. Ibid.
6. Ibid., pp. 23–24.
7. Joe Schwarcz, “The Goat Gland Doctor: The Story of John R. Brinkley,” Quackwatch, April 17, 2002, http://www.quackwatch.com/11Ind/brinkley.html (accessed October 19, 2009).
8. Lee, Bizarre Careers of John R. Brinkley, pp. 35–36.
9. Fowler and Crawford, Border Radio, p. 24. See also Steve Fry, “‘Goat Gland Doctor’ Memorialized,” Topeka Capital-Journal, September 16, 2002, http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4179/is_20020916/ai_n11787293 (accessed October 19, 2009); Lee, Bizarre Careers of John R. Brinkley, p. 46; and Schwarcz, “Goat Gland Doctor.”
10. Fry, “‘Goat Gland Doctor’ Memorialized.”
11. Ibid. See also Lee, Bizarre Careers of John R. Brinkley, pp. 76–77, 80, and Schwarcz, “Goat Gland Doctor.”
12. Pope Brock, Charlatan: America’s Most Dangerous Huckster, the Man Who Pursued Him, and the Age of Flimflam (New York: Three River Press, 2008), p. 274.
13. Fowler and Crawford, Border Radio, pp. 27–28. See also Lee, Bizarre Careers of John R. Brinkley, pp. 127–31.
14. Fowler and Crawford, Border Radio, pp. 17–18, 28. See also Lee, Bizarre Careers of John R. Brinkley, pp. 155, 158.
15. Lee, Bizarre Careers of John R. Brinkley, p. 187.
16. Fowler and Crawford, Border Radio, pp. 61–65. See also Lee, Bizarre Careers of John R. Brinkley, p. 218.
17. Brock, Charlatan, p. 274. See also Lee, Bizarre Careers of John R. Brinkley, p. 218.
18. Lee, Bizarre Careers of John R. Brinkley, pp. 243–44.
19. Brock, Charlatan, p. 274.
CHAPTER 9. HITCHCOCK’S HIDEOUS INSPIRATION—ED GEIN
1. Robert Enstad, “Judge Digs up the Ed Gein Case,” Chicago Tribune, January 27, 1982, p. B1. See also Robert H. Gollmar, Edward Gein: America’s Most Bizarre Murderer (Delavan, WI: Chas. Hallberg & Co., 1981), pp. vii, xv, and Harold Schechter, Deviant: The Shocking True Story of Ed Gein, the Original “Psycho” (New York: Pocket Books, 1998), p. 134.
2. George Bliss, “Tell Gein’s Crime Motive,” Chicago Tribune, November 21, 1957, p. 1. See also Enstad, “Judge Digs Up the Ed Gein Case,” p. B1; Gollmar, Edward Gein, pp. vii, xv; and Schechter, Deviant, pp. xii, 132–34.
3. Rachael Bell and Marilyn Bardsley, “Ed Gein: The Inspiration for Buffalo Bill and Psycho,” truTV Crime Library, http://www.trutv.com/library/crime/serial_killers/notorious/gein/bill_1.html (accessed November 8, 2011). See also Schechter, Deviant, pp. 10–13, 17.
4. Schechter, Deviant, pp. 19–20.
5. Ibid., pp. 25–26, 37.
6. Bell and Bardsley, “Ed Gein.” See also Schechter, Deviant, pp. 31, 36–39, 43–46.
7. Schechter, Deviant, pp. 36–37, 66–67.
8. Gollmar, Edward Gein, pp. 30, 34. See also Schechter, Deviant, pp. 76–82.
9. Joe Adonis and Jim Jones, American Villains, vol. 1 (Pasadena, CA: Salem Press, 2008), pp. 217–18. See also Bliss, “Tell Gein’s Crime Motive,” p. 1; Gollmar, Edward Gein, pp. 34, 53–56; and Schechter, Deviant, pp. 79–80, 123–24, 133.
10. Bell and Bardsley, “Ed Gein.” See also Bliss, “Tell Gein’s Crime Motive,” p. 1; Gollmar, Edward Gein, pp. 52–53; Joseph McNamara, The Justice Story: True Tales of Murder, Mystery, Mayhem (New York: Bannon Multimedia Group, 2000), p. 40; and Schechter, Deviant, p. 133.
11. Bell and Bardsley, “Ed Gein.” See also, Thomas Powers, “Hogan Slaying Re-Enacted by ‘Butcher’ Gein,” Chicago Tribune, November 24, 1957, p. 37.
12. “Ed Gein Sweet to Woman He Asked to Wed,” Chicago Tribune, November 21, 1957, p. 3.
13. “Bare Boyhood Obsession of ‘Butcher Gein,’” Chicago Tribune, November 19, 1957, p. 8. See also “Enough of Gein,” Chicago Tribune, November 22, 1957, p. 14, and “5 Slain on Murder Farm,” Chicago Tribune, November 18, 1957, p. 1.
14. Bell and Bardsley, “Ed Gein.” See also Gollmar, Edward Gein, p. 49, and Schechter, Deviant, p. 97.
15. Bell and Bardsley, “Ed Gein.”
16. Ibid. See also Schechter, Deviant, p. 224.
17. Adonis and Jones, American Villains, p. 218. See also Bell and Bardsley, “Ed Gein”; Schechter, Deviant, pp. 237–38; and Joseph W. Smith III, The Psycho File: A Comprehensive Guide to Hitchcock’s Classic Shocker (Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co., 2009), p. 12.
18. Adonis and Jones, American Villains, p. 218. See also Bell and Bardsley, “Ed Gein,” and Smith, Psycho File, p. 12.
19. Enstad, “Judge Digs Up the Ed Gein Case,” p. B1.
CHAPTER 10. SALEM’S RABID WITCH-HUNTER—WILLIAM STOUGHTON
1. Douglas O. Linder, “The Witchcraft Trials in Salem: A Commentary,” University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Law, September 2009, http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/salem/SAL_ACCT.HTM (accessed October 27, 2011). See also Marion L. Starkey, The Devil in Massachusetts: A Modern Inquiry into the Salem Witch Trials (Alexandria, VA: Time-Life Books, 1982), p. 155, and Sarah-Nell Walsh, “Bridget Bishop,” Salem Witch Trials, University of Virginia, 2001, http://salem.lib.virginia.edu/people?group.num=all&mbio.num=mb1 (accessed February 16, 2012).
2. “Important Persons in the Salem Court Records: Executed,” Salem Witch Trials, University of Virginia, 2002, http://salem.lib.virginia.edu/people?group.num=G01 (accessed February 16, 2012). See also Linder, “Witchcraft Trials in Salem”; Starkey, Devil in Massachusetts, p. 158; Charles W. Upham, Salem Witchcraft, with an Account of Salem Village and a History of Opinions on Witchcraft and Kindred Subjects (Mineola, NY: Dover Publications, 2000, reprint of 1867 edition), p. vii; and Walsh, “Bridget Bishop.”
3. “Important Persons in the Salem Court Records: Died in Jail,” Salem Witch Trials, University of Virginia, 2002, http://salem.lib.virginia.edu/people?group.num=G02 (accessed February 16, 2012). See also “Important Persons in the Salem Court Records: Executed”; Linder, “Witchcraft Trials in Salem”; Upham, Salem Witchcraft, pp. vii, 556–57; and Julie Zeveloff, “William Stoughton: Chief Justice of the Court of Oyer and Terminer,” Cornell University, 2006, http://salem.lib.virginia.edu/people?group.num=all&mbio.num=mb40 (accessed February 9, 2012).
4. Richard R. Johnson, “Stoughton, William,” American National Biography Online, February 2000, http://www.anb.org/articles/01/01-00863.html (accessed November 22, 2011). See also Linder, “Witchcraft Trials in Salem”; “William Stoughton, Lieutenant-Governor of Massachusetts,” The New-England Historical and Genealogical Register (1874–1905), vol. 50 (Boston: New England Historic Genealogical Society, 1896), p. 11; Upham, Salem Witchcraft, pp. 556–57; Laurel Van der Linde, The Devil in Salem Village: The Story of the Salem Witchcraft Trials (Brookfield, CT: Millbrook Press, 1992), pp. 62–63; and Zeveloff, “William Stoughton.”
5. Alyssa Barillari, “Tituba,” Salem Witch Trials, University of Virginia, 2001, http://salem.lib.virginia.edu/people?group.num=all&mbio.num=mb29 (accessed February 16, 2012). See also Linder, “Witchcraft Trials in Salem,” and Starkey, Devil in Massachusetts, pp. 8, 13.
6. Barillari, “Tituba.” See also Linder, “Witchcraft Trials in Salem,” and Starkey, Devil in Massachusetts, pp. 31, 41–43.
7. Linder, “Witchcraft Trials in Salem.”
8. Peter Charles Hoffer, The Salem Witchcraft Trials: A Legal History (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1997), p. 71. See also “Sir William Phips,” University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Law, September 2009, http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/salem/SAL_BPHI.HTM (accessed October 27, 2011), and Upham, Salem Witchcraft, pp. 483–84.
9. Hoffer, Salem Witchcraft Trials, p. 72. See also Johnson, “Stoughton, William”; “William Stoughton, Lieutenant-Governor of Massachusetts,” pp. 10–11; and Zeveloff, “William Stoughton.”
10. Douglas O. Linder, “Cotton M
ather,” University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Law, September 2009, http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/salem/SAL_BMAT.HTM (accessed October 27, 2011). See also Linder, “Witchcraft Trials in Salem”; “William Stoughton, Lieutenant-Governor of Massachusetts,” p. 11; Upham, Salem Witchcraft, pp. 556–57; Rachel Walker, “Cotton Mather,” Salem Witch Trials, University of Virginia, 2001, http://salem.lib.virginia.edu/people?group.num=all&mbio.num=mb5 (accessed February 16, 2012); and Zeveloff, “William Stoughton.”
11. “Giles Cory and the Salem Witch Craft Trials,” Cory Family Society, 2010, http://coryfamsoc.com/resources/articles/witch.htm (accessed February 9, 2012). See also Linder, “Witchcraft Trials in Salem”; Starkey, Devil in Massachusetts, pp. 196–97; “William Stoughton,” University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Law, September 2009, http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/salem/SAL_BSTO.HTM (accessed October 27, 2011); Upham, Salem Witchcraft, pp. viii, 553, 556–57; and Van der Linde, Devil in Salem Village, pp. 11–12.
12. Linder, “Witchcraft Trials in Salem.” See also Amy Nichols and Elizabeth Whelan, “Rev. George Burroughs,” Salem Witch Trials, University of Virginia, 2002, http://salem.lib.virginia.edu/people?group.num=all&mbio.num=mb3 (accessed February 16, 2012).
13. “Giles Cory and the Salem Witch Craft Trials.” See also Linder, “Witchcraft Trials in Salem”; Heather Snyder, “Giles Cory,” Salem Witch Trials, University of Virginia, 2001, http://salem.lib.virginia.edu/people?group.num=all&mbio.num=mb6 (accessed February 16, 2012); and Starkey, Devil in Massachusetts, p. 217.
14. “Giles Cory and the Salem Witch Craft Trials.” See also Linder, “Witchcraft Trials in Salem.”
15. “Important Persons in the Salem Court Records: Died in Jail.” See also “Important Persons in the Salem Court Records: Executed”; Linder, “Witchcraft Trials in Salem”; and Upham, Salem Witchcraft, p. vii.
16. Linder, “Witchcraft Trials in Salem.” See also “Pardoning of Witches,” State Library of Massachusetts, April 29, 2010, http://mastatelibrary.blogspot.com/2010/04/pardoning-of-witches.html (accessed February 23, 2012), and Van der Linde, Devil in Salem Village, p. 63.
