The Raphael Affair

by Iain Pears

  Slowly, he made progress, but got bogged down in the central chapter – which dealt with the fraud – as he tried to find something new to say. And he’d agreed to give a paper at an art history conference in January – that would slow things down as well, especially as he could think of nothing to talk about. It would also require a trip to England at the worst possible time of year, but there was no way he could get out of it now.

  Thus Argyll thought as he lay on the bed staring at the wall, cigarette in hand, taking a breather. Typing gives you a sore back. He looked at his two pictures again. The copy was indeed an awful thing. Who would ever wear such ostentatious and crude jewellery, even in the sixteenth century? Such a bizarre design, as well. A ring made of dead birds, indeed.

  He walked around the room and thought, clarifying matters as an idea for his paper began to crystallise in his mind. It was going to need a lot of work, but that was fairly easy once you knew the general outline.

  He was tempted to abandon his typewriter for the rest of the afternoon, amble off into the fading autumn light to see Flavia and tell her the outline. But he abandoned the notion. Flavia was a patient girl, but not that much of a saint. She would merely criticise him for not getting on with the thesis. Besides, she worked hard, and he didn’t want to interrupt her.

  So he kept quiet and worked discreetly on the side, accumulating the odd spots of information here and there. It was hard, but came in little drips until he had enough to throw a bit of his recently adopted caution aside. In late November, he went to London, where he saw Byrnes about his forthcoming job. His benefactor was most accommodating. A nice man, when you got to know him. Sense of humour, too. He also dug out Phil, and twisted his arm until he agreed to invite him to lunch with his father at the National Trust. Out of this meeting came an invitation to go north for a long weekend in the freezing cold of a Yorkshire December. Then he came back to Rome.

  Flavia was amazed by his behaviour. He had begun working on his dissertation but was clearly not consumed by it. Now, to write a mere twenty-minute paper for the conference, he was working like a demon. Long hours, late into the night, writing, rewriting, and footnoting. He also refused to let her see what he’d written, despite her offers to check it through. She could hear it at the conference, he told her, if she wanted to come.

  16

  Argyll was very nervous, not having given many papers before, and certainly not in front of such a large audience. ‘There must be about two hundred people here, even though some are leaving for tea. A couple of paragraphs of this and they’ll sit down again,’ he thought as he walked to the podium.

  He took out his paper and looked around, waiting for the hum of chattering art historians to die away. This might be fun. Certainly, the previous offering had not been much competition. This lot were about to get the shock of their lives. He spied his flatmate Rudolf Beckett, sitting morosely in one of the back seats, and gave him a little wave. The poor man had been persuaded to come along, and was clearly regretting the atypical gesture of friendship.

  ‘In the past few months,’ Argyll began, ‘there has been a great deal of discussion, in journals and in more popular papers [polite laughter] about the purchase of a supposed Raphael by the forger Jean-Luc Morneau. As you all know, the former director of the Museo Nazionale in Rome will shortly stand trial for complicity in the affair. I shall not, therefore, deal with this aspect of the business for fear of contravening Italian restrictions and in case anything I say prejudices Dottore Tommaso’s chance of a fair trial.

  ‘Rather, today, I would like to go back to the original proposition which started the whole sequence of events off. That is the evidence that a painting by Raphael of Elisabetta di Laguna, once owned by the di Parma family, was indeed painted over by Carlo Mantini to get it through Papal customs and to England. Because of the publicity surrounding the exposure of the forgery, the question of the original has rather been lost sight of, even though it undoubtedly existed. I intend to demonstrate that evidence exists to prove conclusively the last destination of the picture.’

  There was a little stir in the audience. No more chattering from dissidents at the back now. The tea-trolley brigade was settling down nicely into their seats. It was true that Argyll had sacrificed something of scholarly rigour for the sake of maximum impact, but it could hardly fail. Compared with papers on ‘Manet’s Conception of Human Progress’, or ‘Theorising the Male Gaze’, this was rock and roll.

  ‘It has always been assumed that the painting disappeared either because it never left Italy, or because the dealer Samuel Paris absconded with it at some stage.’ Well, he had assumed that, anyway. But there was no harm in generalising a bit.

  ‘The main evidence for this was that the Earl of Clomorton died of a heart attack the moment the Mantini arrived in England. A notoriously stingy man, it was assumed that realising he had been robbed of more than seven hundred pounds was too much for him.

  ‘A letter from his wife, however, brings this interpretation into question.’ He read through the letter he had shown to Flavia in his flat. ‘This clearly states that Clomorton was expected in Yorkshire and had been in London with Samuel Paris for three weeks “fussing over the consignment”. He died a week after this letter was written.

  ‘A second letter from her brother appears to reassure his widow that unkind gossip about the fraud will never come out.’ He read out the document from the newspaper cutting he had taken. Not scholarly, but he had checked that it was an accurate transcription of the original. ‘Again, this reading is problematic. I find it unlikely that anyone, in possession of a Raphael, would wait for three weeks before looking at it. Paris was on hand, and he was a cleaner as well as a dealer. Surely it is more likely that he would have set to work the moment the picture was unloaded from the boat? And if that is the case, whatever lay under the Mantini would have been discovered within a matter of hours.

  ‘So what did the Earl die of? It is scarcely conceivable that a man, however mean, would die of shock at being robbed a whole three weeks after the shock was administered. Moreover, Clomorton was buried in Yorkshire. He died in January, the month when English roads were at their most impassable. And he died on the date when his wife was expecting him to arrive home. If his death was caused by a shock received in the restorer’s studio, would his family really have bothered to cart his body nearly three hundred miles at that time of year?

  ‘So let us return to Lady Arabella.’ Here, he gave the extracts from Viscount Perceval’s diary he had read to Flavia. ‘Perhaps this should be seen in a new light,’ he continued. ‘When Perceval referred to the “dark-haired beauty” Clomorton said he was going to bring to Yorkshire, he was not referring to some mistress he had picked up. The phrase, after all, could refer to a painting of Elisabetta di Laguna. However, it was unfortunate that he made his little jest to the Duchess of Albemarle, who misinterpreted it and immediately wrote a warning to his wife. She naturally feared her husband was back at his old tricks and was outraged by yet another affront to her honour. She was, after all, a woman with a terrible temper. She had publicly assaulted her first husband and cheerfully confessed to threatening the second.

  ‘So we have a possible solution. The Earl arrives home, complete with his latest consignment of pictures and excited at the prospect of showing them off. He does not get the welcome he expects. There is a blazing row, Lady A’s temper gets the better of her and she lashes out. But this time she goes too far, and she kills him. This is what her brother referred to in his letters. Not keeping the fraud secret, but keeping the murder secret. It was put out that the Earl had died of a heart attack, and he was quietly and rapidly buried in the family vaults. I was present when the tomb, now the responsibility of the National Trust, was opened a few weeks ago. The Earl’s skull was cracked, a symptom rarely associated with heart failure.’

  Another rumble from the audience, like a mass attack of indigestion. Argyll paused to let it subside, and winked at Flavia in the front
row. He straightened his face to deliver the knock-out.

  ‘So what next? Lady Arabella has already delivered her opinion about her husband’s pictures, and what she wanted to do with them. Copies and impositions that should be hidden away. This is exactly what happens, and they have stayed there, for the most part, ever since. Those that weren’t sold before the family vacated the premises in the 1940s are still in their original positions, in lesser bedrooms, down dark corridors or in the cellars.’

  He paused for maximum effect. He’d been practising for days. ‘According to surviving inventories, Raphael’s picture of Elisabetta di Laguna – bought by the Earl, painted over by Mantini, uncovered and delivered in good faith by Samuel Paris – hung just outside the staff entrance to the kitchens, its true worth entirely unrecognised. It rested there, being splattered with gravy from passing trolleys, caked with smoke and covered with spilt coffee, for more than two hundred years. Its condition by the time it was sold at Christie’s in 1947 was dreadful.’

  Argyll had once heard a psychiatrist analyse the speeches of successful politicians. The man had explained that many of them, to create an air of excitement, persuade the audience to clap; then shout the next few lines of the speech over the applause, thus creating an impression of spellbinding oratory. He had wanted to try this for years. His statement about the gravy caused a respectable stir, so he raised his voice and ploughed on.

  ‘From here on tracing the picture is a routine matter of provenance work.’

  They calmed down a bit, so he paused, took a sip from his glass of water, and let them wait. Of all his discoveries of the past year – and he was the first to admit that some had proven embarrassingly below par – he was the most proud of this one. It called for observation, intuition and imagination, the sort of things he normally wasn’t very good at. This proved he could do it when he tried.

  ‘At the 1947 sale, the picture was bought by one Robert MacWilliam, a Scottish doctor. He died in 1972 and it was sold at Parson’s in Edinburgh, for two hundred and twenty-five guineas, to none other than Sir Edward Byrnes.’

  A hushed silence at this, as they wondered what horrendous revelation came next. ‘When I informed him of this, Sir Edward was greatly gratified. At one stage I was afraid he might die of laughter. When he recovered and thought back, he informed me that he had never suspected that the picture was of any value at all. Indeed, he had not even bothered to have it cleaned. Someone came into his gallery one day, offered a price that gave him a small profit, and he accepted. After some searching, he found the record. The picture had been bought by a small private collector on the Continent. It remained in this collection until he also died a few years back.

  ‘Now we come to the final stage, and I must apologise to you for delaying so long. The Raphael affair has been embarrassing all round. Technicians, in particular, are still upset by the fact that they didn’t notice the fraud perpetrated on them. Raphael painted in a particular way, and they feel they should have noticed something wrong. I expect there can be few in this audience who do not know the process by which Jean-Luc Morneau created his fake. To do it required immense skill and sympathy for the painter he was imitating. He used Raphael’s techniques, Raphael’s recipes for paint mixtures, Raphael’s style.

  ‘I hate to have to tell you, but he also used a Raphael. The sale records show that the portrait of Elisabetta di Laguna was sold, as “portrait of a lady, copy after Fra Bartolommeo” for three thousand Belgian francs, to Jean-Luc Morneau. There is one photograph of it.’

  The picture Argyll had first seen in a Roman restaurant appeared on the screen. ‘The critical proof is the left hand,’ Argyll continued, indicating the area with a little pointer. ‘You see there is a ring.’ An even more blurred enlargement flashed up. ‘It is designed as two entwined pelicans. That, of course, is the symbol of the di Parma family. Elisabetta was the Marchese’s mistress, and it was quite in order that she should wear the ring to show to whom she belonged. The liaison, after all, was hardly kept a secret.

  ‘It needs only a brief comparison of the forgery and the original’ – two slides flashed up on the screen – ‘to see the similarities in the backgrounds of the two paintings. That was why the tests failed to reveal that the picture was a fake. The bits examined were very much genuine.

  ‘Morneau needed an authentic Italian canvas of the right period, and some passable paintwork to create the illusion of a real Raphael. It seems that he had better raw material than he could ever have realised. He scored through the accumulated dirt of two centuries, probably with some dilute acid, to prepare the surface for his work. I don’t imagine that he ever paid much attention to the original painting that lay underneath the grime. To us, after all, it hardly appears to be the representation of a great beauty. Tastes change. Nearly all of Raphael’s work, except this window and parts of the interior against which the figure is framed, was simply erased so that he could paint his fake Raphael on top. As you know, what remained was destroyed, along with Morneau’s work, during the attack in the museum.’

  The result was better than he had hoped. He had expected tumultuous applause, roars of approval, programme notes thrown into the air. He got none of that, but the reaction was still more satisfying. Faced with the stunned amazement of the audience, he folded up his paper and stuffed it into his pocket. Then he clattered noisily down the steps from the podium, his metal-tipped shoes echoing across the silent hall. Flavia was waiting for him, beaming with delight.

  ‘Slow but sure. What a clever thing you are, after all,’ she said. And kissed him, gently, on the nose.

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  About the Author

  Iain Pears was born in 1955, educated at Wadham College, Oxford and won the Getty Scholarship to Yale University. He is the author of the bestsellers An Instance of the Fingerpost and The Dream of Scipio, as well as his acclaimed series of Jonathan Argyll art mysteries. He lives with his wife and son in Oxford.

  Also by Iain Pears

  An Instance of the Fingerpost

  The Dream of Scipio

  The Portrait

  JONATHAN ARGYLL NOVELS

  The Immaculate Deception

  Death and Restoration

  Giotto’s Hand

  The Last Judgement

  The Bernini Bust The Titian Committee

  Copyright

  Published by HarperCollinsPublishers Ltd

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  First published in Great Britain by Victor Gollancz Ltd 1990

  Copyright © Iain Pears 1990

  Iain Pears asserts the moral right to be identified as the author of this work.

  A catalogue copy of this book is available from the British Library.

  This novel is entirely a work of fiction. The names, characters and incidents portrayed in it are the work of the author’s imagination. Any resemblance to actual persons, living or dead, events or localities is entirely coincidental.

  All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. By payment of the required fees, you have been granted the non-exclusive, non-transferable right to access and read the text of this e-book on screen. No part of this text may be reproduced, transmitted, down-loaded, decompiled, reverse engineered, or stored in or introduced into any information storage and retrieval system, in any form or by any means, whether electronic or mechanical, now known or hereinafter invented, without the express written permission of HarperCollins.

  Source ISBN: 9780007229178

  Ebook Edition © JANUARY 2014 ISBN: 9780007369348

  Version: 2014-01-02

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