Smith, Adam. [1776] 1976. An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. Edited by R. H. Campbell and A. S. Skinner. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Sobel, Dava. 1999. Galileo's Daughter: A Historical Memoir of Science, Faith, and Love. New York: Walker.
Sober, Elliott. 1988. Reconstructing the Past: Parsimony, Evolution, and Inference. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
. Forthcoming. Learning from Logical Positivism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Sokal, Alan. 1996a. A Physicist Experiments with Cultural Studies. Lingua Franca (May June): 6z-64.
. ,996b. Transgressing the Boundaries: Toward a Transformative Hermeneutics of Quantum Gravity. Social Text 14:217-52.
Solomon, Miriam. zoo 1. Social Empiricism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Sosa, Ernest, and Michael Tooley, eds. 1993. Causation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Spirtes, Peter, Clark N. Glymour, and Richard Scheines. 1993. Causation, Prediction, and Search. New York: Springer-Verlag.
Stalker, Douglas Frank. 1994. Grue! The New Riddle of Induction. Chicago: Open Court.
Stanford, P. Kyle. zooo. An Antirealist Explanation of the Success of Science. Philosophy of Science 67:266-84.
zooi. Refusing the Devil's Bargain: What Kind of Underdetermination Should We Take Seriously? Philosophy of Science 68:S,-S1 z.
Sterelny, Kim. 1994. Science and Selection. Biology and Philosophy 9:45-62.
Stich, Stephen P. 1983. From Folk Psychology to Cognitive Science: The Case against Belief. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Strevens, Michael. 2003. The Role of the Priority Rule in Science. Journal of Philosophy 100:55-79.
Sulloway, Frank J. 1996. Born to Rebel: Birth Order, Family Dynamics, and Creative Lives. New York: Pantheon Books.
Suppe, Frederick, ed. 1977. The Structure of Scientific Theories. Chicago: University of Illinois Press.
Suppes, Patrick. 1981. The Plurality of Science. In PSA 1978, vol. z, edited by Peter D. Asquith and Ian Hacking, 3-16. East Lansing, MI: Philosophy of Science Association.
1984. Probabilistic Metaphysics. Oxford: Blackwell.
Toulmin, Stephen Edelston. 1972. Human Understanding. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Toulmin, Stephen Edelston, and June Goodfield. 1962. The Fabric of the Heavens: The Development of Astronomy and Dynamics. New York: Harper.
1982. The Architecture of Matter. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
van Fraassen, Bas C. 1980. The Scientific Image. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Wason, Peter Cathcart, and Philip N. JohnsonLaird. 1972. Psychology of Reasoning: Structure and Content. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Westfall, Richard S. 1980. Never at Rest: A Biography of Isaac Newton. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1993 . The Life of Isaac Newton. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Wittgenstein, Ludwig. [1922] 1988. Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus. Translated by David Pears and Brian McGuinness. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
1953. Philosophical Investigations. Translated by G. E. M. Anscombe. New York: Macmillan.
Wolfe, Tom. 1998. A Man in Full: A Novel. New York: Farrar Straus & Giroux.
Woolgar, Steven. 1988. Science: The Very Idea. London: Ellis Horwood.
Worrall, John. 1989. Structural Realism: The Best of Both Worlds? Dialectica 43:99-124.
Ziman, John M. 2ooo. Real Science: What It Is and What It Means. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Table of Contents
Preface
A Note for Those Teaching with the Book
1 Introduction
1.2 The Scope of the Theory
1.3 What Kind of Theory?
I.4 Three Answers, or Pieces of an Answer
r.5 Historical Interlude: A Sketch of the Scientific Revolution
Further Reading
2 Logic Plus Empiricism
z.z The Vienna Circle
z.3 Central Ideas of Logical Positivism
2.4 Problems and Changes
2.5 Logical Empiricism
z.6 On the Fall of Logical Empiricism
3 Induction and Confirmation
3.2 Induction, Deduction, Confirmation, and Explanatory Inference
3.3 The Ravens Problem
3.4 Goodman's "New Riddle of Induction"
4 Popper: Conjecture and Refutation •
4.3 Popper on Scientific Change
4.4 Objections to Popper on Falsification
4.5 Objections to Popper on Confirmation
4.6 Further Comments on the Demarcation Problem
5 Kuhn and Normal Science •
5.2 Paradigms: A Closer Look
5.3 Normal Science
5.4 Anomaly and Crisis
5.5 Wrap-up of Normal Science
6 Kuhn and Revolutions •
6.z Revolutions and Their Aftermath
6.3 Incommensurability, Relativism, and Progress
6.4 The X-Rated "Chapter X"
6.5 Final Thoughts on Kuhn
7 Lakatos, Laudan, Feyerabend, and Frameworks •
7.z Lakatos and Research Programs
7.3 Laudan and Research Traditions
7.4 Anything Goes
7.5 An Argument from History That Haunts Philosophy
7.6 Pluralism and the Ramblings of Madmen
7.7 Taking Stock: Frameworks and Two-Process Theories of Science
8 The Challenge from Sociology of Science •
8.3 The Rise of the Strong Program
8.4 Leviathan and Latour
9 Feminism and Science Studies •
9.z The Man of Reason
9.3 The Case of Primatology
9.4 Feminist Epistemology
9.5 Science Studies, the Science Wars, and the Sokal Hoax
10 Naturalistic Philosophy in Theory and Practice •
io.z Quine, Dewey, and Others
Theory and Reality Page 36
