1. Tryggve Gran, The Norwegian With Scott, p89.
2. Ibid, p114.
3. Robert Scott, diary, October 1911.
Chapter 9
1. Edward Wilson, The Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’ Expedition, 29 October, 1911.
2. William Lashly, diary 1 November 1911, SPRI.
3. Robert Scott diary, 1 November 1911.
4. Ibid, 31 October 1911.
5. E.R.G. Evans, South With Scott, p200.
6. Wilson, diary 9 December 1911.
7. Henry Bowers diary, 14 December 1911.
8. Scott diary, 14 December 1911.
9. Roald Amundsen, The South Pole, Vol II, p121.
10. Ibid, p122.
11. Patrick Keohane, diary 21 December 1911, SPRI.
12. Apsley Cherry-Garrard, The Worst Journey in the World, p425.
13. Scott, diary, 21 December 1911.
14. Ibid.
15. Lashly, p430.
16. Evans, p231.
17. Tryggve Gran, Kampen on Sydpolen, p158.
18. Ibid, p158.
19. Gran, The Norwegian With Scott, events recorded after discussions with Crean, p200.
20. Ibid.
21. Ibid.
22. Evans, South With Scott, p235.
23. Scott diary, 3 January 1912.
24. Ibid, 4 January 1912.
Chapter 10
1. E.R.G. Evans, South With Scott, p236.
2. Ibid.
3. An incident recalled by Hon. Broke Evans from conversations with his father.
4. Evans, South With Scott, p239.
5. Ibid.
6. Evans, The Last Supporting Party, SPRI.
7. William Lashly, diary 17 January 1912.
8. Evans, South With Scott, p243.
9. Evans quoting Crean, p246.
10. Evans, pp246–7.
11. Ibid, p249.
12. Lashly, diary 22 January 1912.
13. Evans, South With Scott, p252.
14. Lashly diary, 3 February 1912.
15. Ibid, 3 February 1912.
16. Ibid, 7 February 1912.
17. Evans, South With Scott, p253.
18. Reginald Pound, Evans of the Broke, p117.
19. Lashly, diary 17 February 1912.
20. Ibid, 18 February 1912.
21. Evans, South With Scott, p253.
22. Evans, Adventurous Life.
23. Evans, South With Scott, p253.
24. Ibid, p254.
25. Lashly diary, 17 February 1912.
26. Evans, South With Scott, p254.
27. Apsley Cherry-Garrard, The Worst Journey in the World, p463.
28. Evans in address given to Royal Geographical Society, July 1913
29. Cherry-Garrard, p463.
30. Ibid, p471.
31. Ibid, pp462–3.
32. Crean, letter to unknown person, 26 February 1912.
33. Crean, letter to James Kennedy, 18 January 1913.
34. Evans, Adventurous Life, p80.
Chapter 11
1. Robert Scott, diary 5 January 1912.
2. Ibid, 15 January 1912.
3. Ibid, 17 January 1912.
4. Ibid, 17 January 1912.
5. Ibid, 18 January 1912.
6. Ibid, 30 January 1912.
7. Ibid, 16 February 1912.
8. Ibid, 3 March 1912.
9. Ibid, 11 March 1912.
10. Ibid, 29 March 1912.
Chapter 12
1. Tryggve Gran, interview Ontario Educational Communications Authority, 1974, SPRI.
2. Charles Wright, papers, SPRI.
3. Edward Atkinson, papers SPRI.
Chapter 13
1. Apsley Cherry-Garrard, The Worst Journey in the World, p481.
2. Tryggve Gran, The Norwegian With Scott, p183.
3. Roland Huntford, Scott & Amundsen, p468.
4. Frank Debenham, Polar Record, 3 (17): 78–79 (1939) SPRI.
5. Gran, p205.
6. Debenham, The Quiet Land, 5 May, 1912.
7. Gran, p215.
8. Gran, interviews, Ontario Educational Communications Authority, 1974, SPRI.
9. Thomas Williamson, diary, SPRI.
10. Crean letter to J. Kennedy, January 1913, SPRI.
11. From recollections by Crean’s daughters, Mary O’Brien and Eileen O’Brien.
12. Crean letter to Captain R.H. Dodds.
13. Gran, p216.
14. Robert Scott diary, March 1912.
15. Crean letter to Capt Dodds, 3 September 1918.
16. Patrick Keohane diary, 13 November 1912, SPRI.
17. Edward R.G.R. Evans, South With Scott, p314.
18. Cherry-Garrard, p631.
Chapter 14
1. Apsley Cherry-Garrard, The Worst Journey in the World, p637.
2. Ibid, p638.
3. Sir Peter Scott, quoted in notes and references to Scott of the Antarctic and Cardiff, p69.
4. Tom Crean letter to Peter Scott, 1935.
5. Kathleen Scott, letter to Sir Francis Drake, 12 August 1912, SPRI.
6. Citation for Albert Medal, July 1913.
7. Hugh R. Mill, The Geographic Journal, May 1912.
8. Edward R.G. Evans, Royal Geographic Society address, 21 May 1913.
9. Oriana Wilson letter to Tom Crean, 23 February 1913.
Chapter 15
1. Tom Crean, RN service record.
2. Margery and James Fisher, Shackleton, p300.
3. Agreement between Tom Crean and Sir Ernest Shackleton, 1914.
4. Roland Huntford, Shackleton, p401.
5. Sir Ernest Shackleton, South, p22.
6. Ibid, p28.
Chapter 16
1. Sir Ernest Shackleton, South, p38.
2. Ibid.
3. Frank Worsley diary/papers, SPRI.
4. Ibid.
5. Ibid.
6. Ibid.
Chapter 17
1. Frank Worsley, diary, SPRI.
2. Roland Huntford, Shackleton, p477.
3. Worsley, diary, SPRI.
4. Sir Ernest Shackleton, diary, SPRI.
5. Worsley, diary, SPRI.
Chapter 18
1. Frank Hurley, Argonauts of the South.
2. Ibid.
3. Sir Ernest Shackleton, South, p104.
4. Ibid.
Chapter 19
1. Harry McNeish, diary, ATL.
2. Sir Ernest Shackleton, South quoting Frank Hurley, p110.
3. Frank Worsley, diary, SPRI.
4. McNeish, diary, ATL.
5. Worsley, diary SPRI.
6. Shackleton, p116.
7. Worsley, diary, SPRI.
8. Ibid.
Chapter 20
1. Frank Worsley, diary, SPRI.
2. Ibid.
3. Ibid.
4. Ibid.
5. Ibid.
6. Ibid.
7. Ibid.
8. Sir Ernest Shackleton, South, p127.
9. Worsley, diary.
10. Shackleton, South, p128.
11. Worsley, diary.
Chapter 21
1. Harry McNeish, diary, ATL.
2. Ibid.
3. Frank Worsley, diary, SPRI.
4. Ibid.
5. Frank Worsley, Endurance, p154.
6. Ibid., p156.
7. Sir Ernest Shackleton, South, p145.
8. Worsley, diary, SPRI.
9. Shackleton, South p149.
Chapter 22
1. Duncan Carse, The Times, 16 March 1956.
2. Frank Worsley, The Great Antarctic Rescue, p214.
3. Frank Worsley, Endurance, p165.
4. Sir Ernest Shackleton, South, p150.
5. John Knightly, from personal recollections of his father, Bob Knightly.
6. Hugh R. Mill, The Life of Sir Ernest Shackleton, pp245–6.
7. T.S. Eliot, The Waste Land, from Collected Poems 1909–62.
Chapter 23
1. Frank Worsley, The Great Antarctic Rescue, p216.
2. Ibid., p216.
3. Frank Worsley, Endurance, p166.
4. Sir Ernest Shackleton, South, p152.
5. Shackleton, letter to Emily Shackleton, 3 June 1916, SPRI.
6. John Bull, 22 July 1916, BL.
7. Ibid.
8. Tom P. Jones, Patagonian Panorama, p80.
9. Tom Crean, letter to Hazel Marston, 3 July 1916, SPRI.
10. Shackleton, South, p155.
11. Ibid.
Chapter 24
1. Tom P. Jones, Patagonian Panorama.
2. Magellan Times, 7 September 1916, BL.
3. Ibid.
Chapter 25
1. Admiralty letter to Sir Ernest Shackleton, 30 December 1916.
2. Tom Crean letter to Apsley Cherry-Garrard, 2 September 1917, SPRI.
3. Shackleton family papers.
4. Margery and James Fisher, Shackleton, p414.
5. Shackleton letter to Emily Shackleton, October 1916, SPRI.
6. Royal Navy specimen Examination Paper.
7. Shackleton, letter to Tom Crean, 27 June 1917.
8. Emily Shackleton, letter to Crean, 12 November 1916.
9. Admiralty Certificate of Qualification for Warrant Officer, 17 August 1917.
10. Shackleton letter to Crean 27 June 1917.
11. Royal Navy service record.
12. HMS Fox, Log book, April 1919, PRO.
13. Admiralty Certificate for Wounds and Hurts, 28 April 1919.
14. Admiralty Certificate of Conduct, HMS Fox, 31 October 1919.
15. Ministry of Defence service record.
16. Admiralty Certificate of Conduct, HMS Hecla, 4 March, 1920.
Chapter 26
1. Ministry of Pensions letter to Tom Crean, 16 March 1922.
2. Crean letter to Kathleen Scott, 26 Augus, 1920, SPRI.
3. Ibid, SPRI.
4. Crean letter to Capt R. H. Dodds, undated but probably written in 1918.
5. Correspondence between The Admiralty and Sir Ernest Shackleton, regarding a new expedition, 1920, PRO.
6. Recollections of Mary and Eileen (Crean) O’Brien.
7. Ibid.
8. Ibid.
9. Recollections by Broke Evans, son of Teddy Evans.
10. John Knightly, recollections of Crean from his father, Bob Knightly.
Bibliography
PUBLISHED SOURCES
There are a considerable number of works about the history of Polar Exploration and the following list is meant to show those which were the most helpful to my background and understanding of the subject. It is, of course, a personal choice.
Alexander, Caroline: The Endurance, Bloomsbury Publishing, 1998
Amundsen, Roald: My Life as an Explorer, Wm. Heinemann 1927
Amundsen, Roald: The South Pole, C. Hurst, 1976 (First published John Murray, 1912)
Armitage, Albert: Two Years in the Antarctic, Arnold, 1905
Barry, Denis: Polar Crean, Capuchin Journal, 1952
Bernacchi, Louis: A Very Gallant Gentleman, Thornton Butterworth, 1933
Bernacchi, Louis: Saga of the Discovery, Blackie & Son, 1938
Campbell, Victor: The Wicked Mate, (Ed. H. G. King), Bluntisham Books, 1988. (Original diary: Memorial University, Newfoundland Library)
Carse, Duncan: The Times, 16 March 1956
Cherry-Garrard, Apsley: The Worst Journey in the World, Constable, 1922
Debenham, Frank: Tom Crean: An Appreciation, Polar Record, 1939
Debenham, Frank: In the Antarctic, John Murray, 1952
Debenham, Frank: The Quiet Land: The Antarctic Diaries of Frank Debenham, Bluntisham Books/Erskine Press, 1992
Dunnett, Harding: Shackleton’s Boat, The Story of the James Caird, Neville & Harding, 1996
Evans, Lord Mountevans: Adventurous Life, Hutchinson, 1946
Evans, Lord Mountevans: South With Scott, Collins, 1924
Evans, Lord Mountevans: The Antarctic Challenged, Staples Press, 1955
Evans, Lord Mountevans: The Last Supporting Party, (publication unknown) 1913 Fisher, James & Margery: Shackleton, Barrie, 1957
Gran, Tryggve: Mitt Liv Himmel og Jord, Ernest G. Mortensens Forlag, 1979
Gran, Tryggve: The Norwegian with Scott – Tryggve Gran’s Antarctic Diary 1910–13, (Ed. Geoffrey Hattersley-Smith), HM Stationery Office, 1984
Gregor, Gary: Swansea’s Antarctic Explorer – Edgar Evans, 1876–1912, Swansea City Council, 1995 (Now: West Glamorgan Archive Service) Gwynn, Stephen: Captain Scott, The Bodley Head, 1929
Hallock, Judith Lee: Profile: Tom Crean, Polar Record, 1984
Hanssen, Helmer: Voyages of a Modern Viking, G. Routledge, 1936
Harrowfield, David: Icy Heritage – Historic Sites of the Ross Sea Region, Antarctic Heritage Trust, 1995
Headland, Robert: Place Names in the Antarctic after Thomas Crean of Anascaul, The Kerry Magazine, No 4, 1992
Huntford, Roland: Scott & Amundsen, Hodder & Stoughton, 1979
Huntford, Roland: Shackleton, Hodder & Stoughton, 1985
Hurley, Frank: Argonauts of the South, G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1925
Hussey, Leonard: South With Shackleton, Sampson Low, 1949
Huxley, Elspeth: Scott of the Antarctic, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1977
Johnson, Anthony: Scott of the Antarctic and Cardiff, University College Cardiff Press, 1984
Jones, A.G.E: Polar Portraits, Caedmon of Whitby, 1992
Jones, Tom C: Patagonian Panorama, Outspoken Press, 1961
Lansing, Alfred: Endurance: Shackleton’s Incredible Voyage, Hodder &
Stoughton, 1959
Lashly, William: Under Scott’s Command, Lashly’s Antarctic Diaries Ed. by A. R. Ellis), Gollancz, 1969
Limb, Sue and Patrick Cordingley: Captain Oates – Soldier andExplorer, B.T. Batsford, 1982
MacDonogh, Steve: The Dingle Peninsula, Brandon Book Publishers, 1993
Markham, Sir Clements: Antarctic Obsession – The British National Antarctic Expedition 1901–4, Bluntisham Books/Erskine Press, 1986 (Original manuscript material: SPRI)
Mason, Theodore K: The South Pole Ponies, Dodd, Mead & Co, 1979
Mill, Hugh R: The Life of Sir Ernest Shackleton, Heinemann, 1923
Mill Hugh R: Geographic Journal, May 1912
Mills, Leif: Frank Wild, Caedmon of Whitby, 1999
Mountfield, David: A History of Polar Exploration, Hamlyn 1974
Ponting, Herbert: The Great White South, Duckworth & Co, 1921
Pound, Reginald: Evans of the Broke, Oxford University Press, 1963
An Unsung Hero: Tom Crean - Antarctic Survivor Page 35
