188 “This town… them”: Tuchman, p. 111.
188 “During past… country”: Tong, vol. 1, pp. 208–9.
188 “We are… finish”: Fenby, p. 175.
188 “One may… it”: “The Nationalist Budget,” The North-China Herald, May 12, 1928.
188 “Soong replaced… regime”: Parks Coble, “The Soong Family and Chinese Capitalists,” in Samuel C. Chu, p. 73.
189 “easy and… uncomfortable”: Indiana University, Lilly Library, Manuscripts Department, Emily Hahn papers, Madame Chiang Kai-shek, Answers to questions posed by Hahn, pp. 2–3 ff.
189 “There was… water”: Cornell University Library, Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, James M. McHugh papers, Box 13, Folder 4, no. 2770, draft for book, foreword, p. 4.
189 “It was… belong”: Hahn, The Soong Sisters, p. 146.
190 “I see… are!”: Academia Historica, Taipei, Chen Jin-jin, “Stories of Love,” in A Study of Modern Chinese Women, vol. 2, pp. 275–88.
190 “I miss… can”: Academia Historica, Taipei, CKS, wire to Madame, March 13, 1928, File 080200/628, Microfilm 0607.
190 “The streets… retching”: Abend, pp. 80–81.
191 “efforts at… Japanese”: Rodney Gilbert, “Events of Monday, May 7,” The North-China Herald, May 12, 1928.
191 “malice and… Expedition”: “Events of Sunday, May 6: General Chiang Kai-shek’s Report,” The North-China Herald, May 12, 1928.
191 “I just… affairs”: Academia Historica, Taipei, Madame, wire to CKS, May 5, 1928, File 080200/627, Microfilm 0561.
191 “absolutely a rumor”: Ibid., CKS, wire to Madame, undated, File 080200/628, Microfilm 0607.
191 “Please persuade… matters”: Ibid., CKS, wire to Madame, May 21, 1928, File 080200/628, Microfilm 0607.
192 “she may… reunion!”: Chen Jin-jin, “Stories of Love,” A Study of Modern Chinese Women, vol. 2, pages 275–88.
192 “Please send… people”: Academia Historica, Taipei, CKS, wire to Madame, June 3, 1930, File 080200/628, Microfilm 0607.
192 “Please buy… quick”: Ibid., CKS, wire to Madame, June 3, 1930, File 080200/628, Microfilm 0607.
192 “uncrowned Emperor… faithless”: Edgar Snow, “Son of the Grand Marshal,” New York Herald Tribune Magazine, December 15, 1929.
193 “I know… Chinese”: Payne, p. 142.
193 “I would… China”: Zhengzhong, “An Interview with Tang De-gang about Chang Hsueh-liang’s Oral History,” Wan Xiang, vol. 3 (March 2002), pp. 2–3.
193 “an air… shoulders”: Snow, “Son of the Grand Marshal.”
194 “How do… ago”: Zhengzhong, “An Interview with Tang De-gang about Chang Hsueh-liang’s Oral History.”
194 “glorious red”: Koo, Hui-Lan Koo, p. 238.
194 “Thirty-year-old Chang… Manchuria”: Ibid., pp. 244–45.
194 “stand the… weather”: Chen Jin-jin, “Stories of Love,” A Study of Modern Chinese Women, vol. 2, pages 275–88.
194 “When he… heresies”: Payne, p. 143.
196 “She was… hand”: Cornell University Library, Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, James M. McHugh papers, Box 13, Folder 5, no. 2770, draft for book, chapter 1, pp. 3–4.
196 “ugly rumor… them”: Ibid., p. 12.
CHAPTER EIGHTEEN
197 “Wherever she… became”: Hahn, The Soong Sisters, p. 148.
197 “widespread heresies… Kai-shek”: Han Suyin, A Mortal Flower, p. 107.
197 “The Fourth… China”: Crozier, p. 122.
198 “One picked… quivering”: Levy, Two-Gun Cohen, p. 3.
199 “within just… wife”: HA: Chiang Kai-shek, diary, Box 6, December 1, 1928.
199 “arrogant and… dictatorship”: Crozier, p. 130.
199 “I have… sleep”: “Chiang Kai-shek Displeased,” The North-China Herald, December 8, 1928.
200 “After the… danger”: Tong, vol. 1, p. 243.
200 “The Northern… Kuomintang”: Sheridan, p. 240.
200 “The Japanese… prefer?”: “Self-Sacrifice of Samurai Contrasted with Greed of China’s Militarists” (Chiang Kai-shek on How Japan Made Herself Mighty), The North-China Herald, January 5, 1929.
201 “At every… paid”: Han Suyin, A Mortal Flower, pp. 97–99.
202 “the enormous… West”: Ibid., p. 184.
202 “wizardry of… 1937”: Parks Coble, “The Soong Family and Chinese Capitalists,” in Samuel C. Chu, p. 73.
203 “the royal family”: Hallett Abend, “Chiang’s Royal Aims Are Laid to His Wife,” The New York Times, December 9, 1928.
203 “Although we… country”: www.trumanlibrary.org/oralhist/fetterfw.htm.
203 “unbelievably long… protection”: Tong, vol. 1, pp. 268–78.
204 “enormous… China”: Sheridan, Chinese Warlord, pp. 261–62.
206 “the luxury… circles”: Koo, Hui-Lan Koo, p. 223.
206 “with reluctant feet”: Tuchman, p. 184.
206 “Good Morning… Lampson”: Hahn, Chiang Kai-shek, p. 138.
206 “The institution… mother-in-law”: WCA: Henry Lieberman, “Madame Sun— China’s ‘Conscience,’” The New York Times, May 11, 1946.
206 “These children… doing”: Hahn, The Soong Sisters, pp. 144–46.
207 “some very… silkworms”: WCA: Madame Chiang Kai-shek, “A Letter from China,” The Wellesley Magazine, December 11, 1930.
207 “the last… virtue”: Sues, pp. 116–19.
208 “As she… earrings”: WCA: Louisa Wilson, “Americans Should All Be Good According to China’s First Lady,” New York Sun, September 24, 1931.
208 “rather modest… cake?”: Columbia University, Butler Library, Frank Rounds, “Interview 2 with Dr. Bluma Swerdloff,” October 1, 1962, pp. 58–59.
CHAPTER NINETEEN
210 “He [Chiang… piety”: White and Jacoby, p. 123.
210 “being built… Sun”: Chang with Halliday, Mme Sun Yat-sen, p. 69.
210 “the life-like… body”: Cornell University Library, Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, James M. McHugh papers, Box 13, Folder 5, no. 2770, draft for book, chapter 1, p. 10.
211 “thin line… upwards”: J. M. D. Hoste, “State Funeral of Dr. Sun Yat-sen,” The North-China Herald, June 8, 1929.
211 “abundantly clear… party”: Hahn, The Soong Sisters, p. 158.
212 “Chiang sanctified… capital”: Levy, p. 172.
212 “raise arms… rebel”: Crozier, p. 139.
212 “one of… warlords”: Sheridan, p. 267.
212 “a year… Staff”: Payne, p. 152.
213 “It is… country”: HA: Walter H. Judd papers, Box 175, Folder 4, “Chiang Kai-shek Thunders against Party’s Sins,” The Shanghai Times, October 22, 1932.
213 “My wife… me”: Chen Jin-jin, “Stories of Love,” A Study of Modern Chinese Women, vol. 2, pages 275–88.
213 “The deeper… be”: Ibid., March 15, 1931.
213 “I felt… painful”: Ibid., August 6, 1934.
214 “Rev. Jing… Christianity”: HA: Chiang Kai-shek, diary, Box 7, February 21, 1930.
214 “I feel… Christ”: WCA: “Chinese Leader Now Christian,” clipping from unidentified newspaper, October 23, 1930.
214 “startled all… Nanking”: WCA: St. Louis Post-Dispatch, October 23, 1930.
214 “embraced the… political”: WCA: M. B. Schnapper, “Wellesley Girl Credited with Converting Kai-shek,” clipping from unidentified newspaper, undated.
215 “There’s Methodism… madness”: Burke, p. 347.
215 “not shy… status”: Leong, p. 118. 215 “the greatest… people”: WCA: “Madame Chiang’s Vision of a Chinese Christian Church,” speech given at Wuhan Missionary Prayer Meeting, April 16, 1938.
215 “religion was… yours”: HA: George E. Sokolsky papers, Box 35, Folder 16, Madame Chiang Kai-shek, “The Main Attack.”
216 “We Chinese… moment”: Leo Soong, “Family Reminiscences,” 2004.
216 “SHOTS FIRED… Nanking”: “Canton Says Chiang Seeks War on Japan,” The New York Times, July 23, 1931.
216 “foreign garb… detail”: “Assassins Thwarted in Attempt on Finance Minister,” The North-China Herald, July 23, 1931.
216 “The Mother… China”: “The Mother-in-Law,” The North-China Herald, July 28, 1931.
216 “Oh, my… yourselves”: Academia Historica, Taipei, CKS, wire to Madame, July 26, 1931.
216 Led by… buried: The author is indebted for the description of Madame Soong’s funeral to Fenby, pp. 199–200.
217 “First,” she… God’s”: Madame Chiang Kai-shek, “What Religion Means to Me,” The World Outlook (reprinted from Forum), May 1934, p. 9.
217 “seems to… utility”: Eastman, The Abortive Revolution, pp. 32–40.
218 “In the… situation”: Eastman, “Fascism in Kuomintang China: The Blue Shirts,” The China Quarterly, no. 49 (January–March, 1972), p. 5.
218 “richly exposed… it”: Eastman, The Abortive Revolution, pp. 39–40.
219 “Cold, hard… China”: Caldwell, pp. 73–75.
219 “the establishment… revolution”: Eastman, The Abortive Revolution, p. 43.
220 “one of… China”: Eastman, “Fascism in Kuomintang China,” pp. 1–2.
CHAPTER TWENTY
221 “It is… limitless”: “Warns of Tokyo’s Plans,” The New York Times, December 31, 1935.
221 “gorging on… late”: Han Suyin, A Mortal Flower, p. 166.
222 “In order… Mongolia”: Payne, p. 153.
222 “The way… Europe”: Crozier, p. 147.
223 “The military… power”: Columbia University, RBML, William Henry Donald papers, W. H. Donald to Harold K. Hochschild, February 20, 1932.
223 “red-faced, serious… nose”: Auden and Isherwood, p. 55.
223 “as influential… elsewhere”: Cornell University Library, Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, James M. McHugh papers, H. B. Elliston, “China’s No. 1 White Boy,” The Saturday Evening Post, March 19, 1938, p. 34.
223 “adamant nondrinker”: Ibid., p. 31.
223 “Nationalusts”: Selle, p. 252.
223 “There was… policy”: Chang and Halliday, Mao: The Unknown Story, p. 103.
223 “To declare… resistance”: Payne, p. 157.
224 “Little did… statesmen”: Hsiung, p. 306.
224 “Everyone, peasants… ages!”: Koo, Hui-Lan Koo, pp. 270–78.
224 “almost insane… frustration”: Payne, p. 156.
225 “With a… him”: “Adroit Chiang,” Time, February 1, 1932.
225 “The coming… raiser”: Payne, p. 158.
226 “extremely anxious… occupy”: Sokolsky, pp. 254–55.
226 “It was… face”: Lois Snow, Edgar Snow’s China, p. 55–56.
228 “obey Generalissimo… rare”: Selle, p. 281.
228 “Do you… China”: Fenby, p. 222.
228 “ramshackle village… countrymen”: Hallett Abend, “Truce Conference Is Opened in China,” The New York Times, May 31, 1933.
228 “one of… train”: Abend, pp. 204–5.
229 “Internal security… aggression”: Payne, p. 159.
229 “What is… exam?”: Academia Historica, Taipei, CKS, wire to Madame, January 8, 1933, File 080200/628, Microfilm 0607.
229 “It has… healed?”: Ibid., CKS, wire to Madame, March 16, 1933.
229 “Shanghai is… me?”: Ibid., CKS, wire to Madame, March 17, 1933.
229 “very powerful… poet!”: WCA: Madame Chiang Kai-shek to Sophie Hart, January 17, 1934.
CHAPTER TWENTY-ONE
231 “The Kuomintang… repression”: Han Suyin, A Mortal Flower, p. 369.
231 “Cultivate these… dying”: Madame Chiang Kai-shek, China Shall Rise Again, p. 293.
231 “The struggle… effected”: Hsiung, pp. 361–62 (appendix).
232 “in an… way”: Payne, pp. 162–64.
232 “hosing urine… public”: Cornell University Library, Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, James M. McHugh papers, Box 13, Folder 5, no. 2770, draft for book, chapter 1, p. 6.
232 “If we… nation”: Eastman, The Abortive Revolution, p. 68.
233 “Priggery and… interior”: Auden and Isherwood, p. 66.
233 “Holding that… hair”: HA: Nym Wales papers, Box 32, “Chiang Kai-shek to Forbid ‘Permanents’ as Bad for Health,” Peiping Chronicle, January 18, 1935.
233 “All wedding… midnight”: Ibid., Box 30, “Chinese Marriage Reform Association Adopts Regulations,” The China Weekly Review, April 7, 1934.
233 “each and… fastened”: “New Life Movement in Chungking,” The North-China Herald, February 11, 1936.
234 the “stunned”… Plan”: Sues, pp. 5–7.
234 “welcomed by… famishing”: WCA: Madame Chiang Kai-shek, “China’s Spiritual Mobilization,” in China at War, undated (probably 1937–1938).
235 “It is… prestige”: Library of Congress: Nelson T. Johnson papers, Box 54, NTJ. “The New Life Movement and its Significance,” undated.
235 “In the… job”: Crozier, pp. 152–53.
236 “Great Wall… tightened”: Ibid., p. 159.
236 “the tactics… fish”: Chang and Halliday, p. 125.
236 “best collaborator… Confucius”: Meier-Welcker, pp. 651–52 ff.
237 “Go north… collaboration”: Kai-yu Hsu, p. 111.
237 “we ourselves… Tse-tung”: Han Suyin, A Mortal Flower, pp. 310–11.
238 “across the… rainstorm”: Snow, Red Star over China, p. 180.
239 “Oh, it… wall”: Crozier, p. 179.
239 “REVOLT HAS… worthless”: Selle, pp. 285–96.
241 “One can… belts”: “Pain in the Heart,” Time, December 28, 1936.
241 “And here… north-west”: Auden and Isherwood, p. 129.
242 “a tremendous… soldiers”: Tong, vol. 2, p. 354.
242 “sense a… figure”: Selle, p. 304.
243 “He has… wonderful”: Tong, vol. 2, pp. 366–67.
243 “a tremendous… influence”: Library of Congress: Nelson T. Johnson papers, Box 32, Clarence E. Gauss to NTJ, September 23, 1934.
243 “She is… admiration”: Fenby, pp. 264–65.
243 “in an… man”: Selle, pp. 304–6.
CHAPTER TWENTY-TWO
245 “Chiang was… match”: Raymond Carroll, “The Last of the Big Four,” Newsweek, April 14, 1975.
245 “not brilliant… frivolous”: Taylor, pp. 12–13.
245 “good emotional relations”: Wang Feng, p. 18.
245 “Ching-kuo is… mute”: Taylor, pp. 14–17.
246 “the Red… Wall”: Ibid., pp. 21–31.
246 “Chiang Kai-shek was… traitor!”: “Father Flayed,” Time, April 25, 1927.
246 “a long… career”: Taylor, p. 37.
247 “very talented… plow”: Ibid., pp. 55–61.
248 “When I… China”: Ibid., pp. 63–70.
249 “tired because… us”: Academia Historica, Taipei, Madame, wire to CKS, April 21, 1936.
249 “If you… Shanghai”: Ibid., CKS, wire to Madame, May 3, 1936.
249 “Have you… much”: Ibid., CKS, wire to Madame, August 28, 1936.
249 “I slept… therapy”: Ibid., Madame, wire to CKS, September 23, 1936.
249 “The result… fever”: Ibid., Madame, wire to CKS, October 26, 1936.
250 “How are… much”: Ibid., CKS, wire to Madame, undated.
250 “October 31 is… therapy”: Ibid., Madame, wire to CKS, October 28, 1936.
250 “touching telegram”: Ibid., CKS, wire to Madame, undated.
250 “Now that… me”: WCA: Katherine Woods, “A People and a Leader in Tribulation and Greatness,” review of Sven Hedin, Chiang Kai-shek, Marshal of China by The New York Times Book Review, December 15, 1940.
250 “We should… traits”: WCA: White, “Chiang Kai-shek,” Life, March 2, 1942.
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br /> 250 “My situation… ointment”: Academia Historica, Taipei, Madame, wire to CKS, November 29, 1936.
250 “very worried”: Ibid., CKS, wire to Madame, November 30, 1936.
251 “I got… survival”: Ibid., Madame, wire to CKS, December 1, 1936.
251 “he found… property”: Columbia University, RBML, William Henry Donald papers, W. H. Donald to Harold K. Hochschild, January 17, 1937.
252 “bull-necked, loudmouthed… dog”: Leonard, p. 84.
252 “How can… Japanese?”: www.sina.com.cn, October 28, 2001, Web site of Renmin, Hong Kong, edited by Wu-min.
CHAPTER TWENTY-THREE
253 “Chinese politics… picturesque”: James M. Bertram, First Act in China, p. xi.
253 “I sent… you”: Chiang, A Fortnight in Sian, pp. 58–64.
255 “Chiang’s concept… Heaven”: Edgar Snow, “China’s Fighting Generalissimo,” Foreign Affairs 16, no. 4 (July 1938).
255 “What do… all”: Chiang, A Fortnight in Sian, pp. 64–80.
257 “I cursed… trouble”: Columbia University, RBML, William Henry Donald papers, W. H. Donald to Harold K. Hochschild, January 17, 1937.
257 “learned the… live”: Chiang, A Fortnight in Sian, p. 87.
257 “was quite… respect”: Columbia University, RBML, William Henry Donald papers, W. H. Donald to Harold K. Hochschild, January 17, 1937.
257 “regard my… mother”: HA: Chiang Kai-shek Diary, ed. Wang Yu-gao and Wang Yu-zheng.
257 “long wanted… so”: Madame Chiang, Kai-shek, Sian: A Coup d’Etat p. 90.
257 “I was… us”: www.sina.com.cn, October 28, 2001, Web site of Renmin, Hong Kong, edited by Wu-min.
258 “so acute… up”: Chiang, A Fortnight in Sian, p. 96.
258 “I gathered… threat”: HA: T. V. Soong papers, Box 60, Folder 3, T. V. Soong, “Notes on Sian,” December 20, 1936.
258 “I met… leader”: www.sina.com.cn, October 28, 2001, Web site of Renmin, Hong Kong, edited by Wu-min.
258 “He [Chiang]… him”: HA: T. V. Soong papers, Box 60, Folder 3, T. V. Soong, “Notes on Sian,” December 20, 1936.
258 “Should T.V.… wet”: Chiang, A Fortnight in Sian, p. 97.
259 “There has… Generalissimo”: Madame Chiang Kai-shek, Sian: A Coup d’Etat, p. 2.
259 “What Chang… disgrace”: Snow, Random Notes on Red China, pp. 1–2.
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