Shrouds of Glory

Home > Literature > Shrouds of Glory > Page 34
Shrouds of Glory Page 34

by Winston Groom


  The Tennessee State Archives at Nashville has on file hundreds, if not thousands, of personal accounts of the period, some of them priceless, like old Nimrod Porter’s “River of Fire” declaration and William Pollard’s recollections of General Walthall appraising his aide’s horse in the midst of battle. Many of these are not classified and simply must be scrounged out by hours at the microfilm projector. Other state archives contain similar jewels, such as Uncle Wiley Howard’s pathetic account of the death and burial of his owner, General States Rights Gist, at Franklin, which is available in the Marjorie Adams Gist Papers at the South Carolina Library at the University in Columbia.

  For information on technical, tactical, strategic, and other such material respecting the campaign, I relied on a wealth of sources, many already mentioned. Particularly insightful were Archer Jones’s Civil War Command and Strategy: The Process of Victory and Defeat and Richard McMurry’s Two Great Rebel Armies. Grady McWhiney and Perry Jamison’s Attack and Die: Civil War Military Tactics and the Southern Heritage is an extraordinary and professional look at why men did what they did. As well, Larry Daniel’s Cannoneers in Gray: The Field Artillery of the Army of Tennessee is unparalleled in its comprehension of the “long arm” of the service. Alan Axelrod’s The War Between the Spies: A History of Espionage During the American Civil War was useful for the light it shed on that dark subject. For insight into the history of the U.S. Colored Troops, Joseph Glatthaar’s Forged in Battle: The Civil War Alliance of Black Soldiers and White Officers is a monument of its type.

  For background on the city of Nashville and the civilian and political conditions in Tennessee during the period, an excellent book by Peter Maslowski, Treason Must Be Made Odious: Military Occupation and Wartime Reconstruction in Nashville, Tennessee, 1862—1865, is a must. Likewise, Jim Hoobler’s Cities Under the Gun and Steven Ashe’s Middle Tennessee Transformed: War and Peace in the Upper South were both very useful. For contemporary newspaper accounts I relied in part on I. William Hill and John Stepped’s Mirror of War: The Washington Star Reports the Civil War, The American Civil War: Extracts of the Times (London Times), and J. Cutler Andrews’s The North Reports the Civil War.

  Respecting the Spring Hill affair, probably the best summarization was developed by Judge J. P. Young, who studied events surrounding the episode for years, then published his findings in the Memphis Scimitar in 1892; they were also later published in The Confederate Veteran. But Judge Young never quite solved the mystery.

  With the exception of a few offhand mentions in Mrs. Burton Harrison’s Recollections, Grave and Gray, the only source of information on Hood’s romance with Sally Buck Preston is gleaned from the diaries of Mary Chesnut, of which there are several versions: Isabella Martin and Myrta Avary’s A Diary from Dixie, C. Van Woodward and Elisabeth Muhlenfeld’s The Private Mary Chesnut, and finally Woodward’s prize-winning Mary Chesnut’s Civil War. This last is unquestionably the most comprehensive and thorough. Mary Chesnut kept these remarkable diaries between 1861 and 1865, but the only originals that survived were from the individual years 1861 and 1865. However, Woodward is convinced that Mrs. Chesnut’s entries for the missing years—which include the period of Hood’s romance with Buck—were reconstructed by Mrs. Chesnut from the originals and are therefore pretty accurate accounts.

  To all of the above I owe a profound debt of gratitude.

  Index

  Adams, Charles Francis, Jr., 9

  Adams, General John, 202–03, 212–13, 222, 267

  Advance and Retreat (Hood), 290

  Alexander, Colonel Porter, 35

  Allatoona, battle of, 66–70

  Andersonville prison camp, 77, 291

  Antietam, battle of, 31–34, 137, 164, 171

  Armstrong, Frank, 129

  Army of Northern Virginia, 12, 39–42, 158

  Army of Tennessee (Confederate), 3, 9, 14, 16–25, 27, 42, 48–63, 66–70, 73–81, 86, 118–20

  after fall of Atlanta, 59–67

  battle of Allatoona, 66–70

  battle of Atlanta, 26, 49–54

  at Chickamauga, 43–45, 79–80

  Hood assumes command of, 10, 22–25

  Johnston reinstated to command of, 274, 276

  last days of, 276, 277

  at Shiloh, 83–85

  Spring Hill affair, see Spring Hill affair

  Tennessee campaign, 97–104, 114, 123–31, 133–34, 156–273

  battle of Franklin, 159–219

  battle of Nashville, 228–65

  after battle of Nashville, 266–73

  soldiers’ accounts of march to Tennessee, 124–26

  Army of the Cumberland, 17, 67, 93, 94, 96, 114, 118–20

  Army of the Ohio, 17, 67, 84, 94, 96

  Army of the Potomac, 12, 19

  Army of the Tennessee (Union), 17–25, 46, 47, 49–58, 64, 67, 75–77, 86–92, 94–96

  battle of Allatoona, 66–70

  battle of Atlanta, 49–54

  battle of Franklin, 159–207

  battle of Nashville, 228–65

  after battle of Nashville, 266–73

  cavalry of, 131–32, 140–41, 161, 171, 176, 249, 255–57, 260, 264–67, 270–72, 289, 239–44

  division of command of, 272–73

  espionage and, 128

  march to Franklin, 159–60

  at Shiloh, 83–85

  Spring Hill and, see Spring Hill affair

  Atlanta, Georgia, 59, 71

  battle of Atlanta, 2, 6, 49–54, 120, 128, 134, 139, 151, 164, 166, 239

  burning of, 113

  evacuation of civil population of, 54, 57, 59

  Sherman’s drive on, 2, 6, 14–25

  Attritive warfare, 21

  Baker, Lieutenant Colonel Edward A., 203

  Baldwin, Captain Aaron, 199

  Banks, Captain Robert, 219–20

  Barksdale, William, 35, 42

  Bate, General William Brimage, 129

  after Civil War, 285

  battle of Franklin and, 167, 169, 172, 173, 196, 203–05, 209

  battle of Nashville and, 237, 253–54, 259–62

  at Murfreesboro, 230, 236, 237

  Spring Hill affair and, 143, 146–47

  Beauregard, General Pierre Gustave Toutant, 61, 63, 71, 74–75, 86, 97, 99, 101, 102, 276

  battle of Nashville, preparation for, 228, 229

  at Shiloh, 84–85

  Beauregard, Captain R. T., 254

  Belle Meade mansion, 249–50, 285

  Benton Smith, General Thomas, 160, 203, 204, 210

  at battle of Nashville, 261–62

  Blacks:

  Cleburne memorandum and, 77–78, 134, 282

  Confederacy’s enlistment of, 282

  slavery, see Slavery

  in Union army, 75–79, 231

  battle of Nashville, 242–44, 255

  Bliss, Reverend P. P., 69

  Booth, John Wilkes, 278

  Boyce, Captain Joseph, 125, 156, 166, 177

  Boyd, David F., 46–47

  Boyer, Captain Joseph, 264–65

  Bradford, Mary, 249

  Bradley, General Luther, 144, 171

  Bragg, General Braxton, 9, 14, 42–45, 93–96, 118, 119

  as military advisor, 19–23

  Breckenridge, General John C., 108

  Brown, General John Calvin, 129

  after Civil War, 285

  battle of Franklin and, 169, 172–74, 186, 188, 190, 192, 203, 218–19, 222

  Spring Hill affair and, 143, 146–49, 151, 155, 157, 285

  Buell, General Don Carlos, 84, 85, 117, 118

  Buford, Abraham, 175, 176

  Bullock, Colonel Robert, 203

  Bull Run, battles of, 23, 30–31, 85, 91, 164

  Burnside, General Ambrose, 34–36, 86

  Callahan, Sergeant Denny, 174

  Capers, General Ellison, 149, 182

  Carter, Fountain Branch, 160, 163, 178, 210

  Carter, General John Carpenter, 191–92, 213, 22
2

  Carter, Colonel Moscow, 160

  Carter, Sallie, 161, 163, 194

  Carter, Captain Theodoric (“Tod”), 160, 204, 210

  Casement, Colonel John (“Jack”), 197, 203

  Chalmers, General James, 94, 141, 237, 285

  battle of Franklin and, 173, 176, 196, 203–05, 209

  battle of Nashville and, 229, 242, 249–50, 264, 257–60

  Chancellorsville, battle of, 171

  Charleston Mercury, 107, 274

  Chase, Salmon, 87

  Chattanooga, Tennessee, 93–96, 119, 120

  battle at, 95–97, 135, 166

  Cheairs, Major Nathaniel, 155

  Cheatham, General Benjamin Franklin, 50, 51, 61, 118, 125, 129, 156, 219, 268

  after Civil War, 284

  battle of Franklin and, see Franklin, battle of,

  Cheatham and battle of Nashville and, 229, 237, 242–46, 253–54, 263, 265

  described, 150–51

  Spring Hill affair and, 137, 140, 143–50, 154, 157, 158

  Chesnut, Captain John, 287

  Chesnut, Mary Boykin, 36–38, 104–08, 122, 123, 130, 174, 286–89

  Chickamauga, battle of, 5–6, 9, 17, 23, 43–45, 79–80, 93, 95, 105, 135, 151, 166

  Chickasaw Bayou, 88–90

  Clark, Carroll, 269

  Clayton, General Henry D., 255, 265, 284–85

  Cleburne, Major General Patrick, 62, 65, 77, 95, 118

  background of, 134–35

  battle of Franklin and, 169–70, 172–75, 186–88, 190, 192, 207, 212, 218–19

  death of, 188, 212–14, 222

  memorandum proposing freedom for slaves who joined the Confederate army, 77–78, 134, 282

  Spring Hill affair and, 137, 143–47, 150, 151, 157, 286

  Cleburne, Susan Tarleton, 135

  Cleveland, Grover, 284

  Cobb, General Howell, 282

  Cockrell, Brigadier General Francis Marion, 197–98, 222

  Cold Harbor, battle of, 9

  Coleman, Colonel David, 244

  Columbia, Tennessee, 124, 126, 129–30, 136, 138, 269

  Confederate armies:

  Cleburne memorandum, 77–78, 134, 282

  compared to Union armies, 10–12, 17

  last days of, 276–77

  naming of, 12

  officers, loss of, 38–39, 42

  at battle of Franklin, 188, 191, 192, 198, 200–03, 206, 212–14, 222, 228

  see also specific armies

  Confederate Veteran, 285

  Conrad, Colonel Joseph, 171, 172, 178, 180, 184, 196, 230–31

  Coon, Colonel Datus E., 246

  Cooper, Captain James L., 125, 204, 237, 261, 272

  Copley, John, 199–200

  Corse, Brigadier John M., 66–69, 73

  Cox, Major General Jacob, 67, 68, 230, 281

  background of, 164

  battle of Franklin and, 160, 161, 163–65, 170, 179–80, 204–05, 281

  Crittenden, General George, 117

  Crook, George, 27, 28

  Croxton, General John T., 176, 281

  Cumming, Captain Joseph B., 148

  Cunningham, Sergeant-major Sumner A., 168, 174, 191

  Darby, Dr. John, 36, 37, 105, 108, 122–23

  Davidson, Major General John W., 289

  Davis, Jefferson, 43, 71, 78, 104, 116, 127, 270, 288, 290

  after fall of Atlanta, 59–62, 65

  after Tennessee campaign, 274

  direction of Confederate army, 19–24, 51, 61–62, 64, 75, 101–03

  at end of Civil War, 282–83, 287

  enlistment of slaves, 282

  Deas, General Zachariah, 205, 245, 247, 248

  Dinkins, Lieutenant James, 249–50

  Dodge, General Grenville, 98, 101, 226

  Drill practice, 12–13

  Duck River, 124, 126, 129, 132, 136, 138–40, 268–70

  Ector, General Matthew D., 197

  battle of Nashville and, 244, 245, 250, 253

  Eggleston, E. T., 68, 126

  Emancipation Proclamation, 7–8, 76, 77

  England, 77–78, 102

  Entrenchments (breastworks), 11, 14, 48–49, 53

  in battle of Franklin, 164–68, 170, 175, 178, 190–92, 197, 203–06, 216, 217

  at battle of Nashville, 230, 254, 259, 264

  Hood’s attitude toward, 155, 157, 216, 230, 288

  Espionage, 128, 226, 240, 285–86

  Evans, General N. G. (“Shanks”), 31

  Ewell, General Richard E., 40, 158

  Ezra Church, battle of, 51

  Farragut, Admiral David G., 63

  Featherston, General Winfield S., 201

  Figures, Harding, 162–63, 181, 194, 211, 215

  Finley, General Jesse J., 203

  Forrest, General Nathan Bedford, 21, 60, 73, 76–77, 93, 98–100, 114–15, 125, 161, 232

  after Civil War, 283–84

  background of, 130–31

  battle of Franklin and, 165, 168–69, 175–77, 203, 216–17

  after battle of Nashville, 269–71

  cavalry corps of, joined with Hood’s army, 103, 104, 130

  at Murfreesboro, 230, 236–37, 268, 273, 274

  Spring Hill affair and, 137, 140–41, 143, 144, 146, 149, 151–52

  surrender of, 283

  Fort Granger, 165, 197

  Foster, Samuel, 62, 65, 70, 79, 100, 124–26, 218, 237

  France, 77–78, 103

  Franklin, battle of, 159–207

  advance of Confederate troops against Wagner’s men, 178–88, 195–96

  aftermath of, 209–20

  approach to Franklin, 165

  assessing results of, 216–18

  Bate and, 167, 169, 172, 173, 196, 203–05, 209

  Brown and, 169, 172–74, 186, 188, 190, 192, 203, 218–19, 222

  casualties, 192–93, 195, 198–201, 206–14, 218–19, 221–23

  Chalmers and, 173, 176, 196, 203–05, 209

  Cheatham and, 167, 169, 172–74, 182, 184, 190, 193, 196, 205, 208, 218, 223–24

  Cleburne and, 169–70, 172–75, 186–88, 190, 192, 207, 212, 218–19

  Cox and, 160, 161, 163–65, 170, 179–80, 204–05, 281

  entrenchments at, 164–68, 170, 175, 178, 190–92, 197, 203–06, 216, 217

  ferociousness of, 189–90, 199–201

  Forrest and, 165, 168–69, 175–77, 203, 216–17

  Granbury and, 187, 188, 192, 213–14, 222

  Hood and, 162, 166–69, 173, 175, 177, 193, 205, 208, 215–20

  initial report, 221–23

  protests against plans of, 168–70, 175

  ironies of, 204

  Lee and, 173, 205, 208, 216, 217

  loss of Confederate officers in, 188, 191, 192, 198, 200–03, 206, 212–14, 222, 228

  preparation of Confederate troops to attack, 166–75, 177–78

  retreat of Army of Tennessee over grounds of, 266–67

  retreat of Union forces to Nashville, 209

  Schofield and, 160–64, 166, 169, 170, 175–80, 183, 190, 195–96, 199, 209, 216–18, 231

  Stanley and, 164, 170, 180, 188, 189, 195, 205, 239, 281

  start of hostilities, 178–88

  Stewart and, 167, 172, 173, 184, 196–97, 208, 218

  turning point in, 188–90

  Wagner and, 171–72, 179–80

  drunkenness, 180, 187, 231

  exposure of his men to Confederate advance, 172, 178–88, 195–96, 230–31

  relieved of command, 230–31

  Walthall and, 173, 197, 199–201

  Wilson and, 176–77, 217

  Fredericksburg, battle of, 11, 34–36

  Fremantle, Colonel Arthur, 42

  Frémont, Colonel John C. (“Pathfinder”), 48

  French, Richard, 26

  French, Major General Samuel, 66–69, 116

  after Civil War, 284–85

  battle of Allatoona and, 66–69

  battle of Franklin and, 173, 197, 199
>
  battle of Nashville and, 246

  Gale, Colonel W. D., 208, 248–49, 261–63, 271

  Garland, Colonel Hugh, 198

  Garrard, General Kenner, 17

  Gettysburg, battle of, 5, 6, 23, 39–42, 105, 134, 171

  Pickett’s charge, 11, 41, 217, 221

  Gibson, General Randall L., 129, 267

  Gist, Brigadier General States Rights, 174, 182–83, 192, 210–11, 213, 222

  Gist, W. W., 180

  Gordon, Brigadier General George Washington, 190–92

  Gordon, Brigadier General John, 187, 222

  Govan, General Daniel C., 144, 145, 285

  battle of Franklin and, 169–70, 188

  Granbury, General Hiram, 62, 144, 150

  battle of Franklin and, 187, 188, 192, 213–14, 222

  Grant, General Ulysses S., 8–9, 14, 16, 23, 47, 60, 63, 81, 83, 93, 116, 239, 276, 279–81

  efforts to control Mississippi River, 87–92

  ending of Chattanooga siege, 94–96

  grinding warfare of, 8, 9, 15, 21

  as president, 282

  promotions, 90, 96

  Sherman and, 86–87, 94–95

  plan for march to Savannah, 64, 73, 110–11

  at Shiloh, 84, 86, 117–18

  surrender of Lee to, 277, 289

  Thomas’s handling of battle of Nashville and its aftermath and, 231–35, 239, 251, 267, 272–73

  Vicksburg siege and, 91

  Greeley, Horace, 7

  Grose, General William, 162–63

  Grosvenor, Colonel Charles H., 243, 244

  Halleck, General Henry, 64, 83, 86, 118, 270, 280

  as Lincoln’s advisor, 87, 92, 93, 110, 118

  Thomas’s handling of battle of Nashville and its aftermath and, 231–33, 235, 239, 250–51, 267

  Hampton, General Wade, 42

  Hardee, General William J., 17, 18, 20, 24, 49, 53, 61, 118, 134, 135, 287–88

  Harding, Selene, 249–50, 285

  Harpeth River, 138, 160–62, 165, 167, 169, 176, 266

  bridging of, 161–62, 170

  Harris, Isham, 128, 159, 223–24, 226, 269

 

‹ Prev