Macaulay, James, surgeon, and family
MacDonell, John, Capt., B. Rgs., of Glengarry House; speaker, toy cannon
Macdonnell, Sheriff
Marriages, U. Canada
McGill, John, Lieut., Capt. Q.R.; escape plan; rescued JGS’ horse Salem; Salem sent to England; injured; escorted EPS, 283 children; Simcoe land grants, U. Canada
McKee, Alexander, Indian Dept.
Merritt, Thomas, Cornet, Q.R.
Methodists, West Country; U. Canada
Military Departments, British
Military Units
British regular:
5th; at Ft. Niagara; withdrawn
7th Fusiliers
24th, at Detroit, Maj. Campbell
27th (Inniskilling), Francis Simcoe commissioned
35th, JGSin;
40th, Grenadiers; Brandywine
42nd
60th
71st (Fraser Highlanders)
84th
Regulars withdrawn from Upper Canada, except 84th
Provincial Corps of the British Army; inferior status
French regular:
Col. Count Arthur Dillon’s Regiment of Irish Jacobites
Provincial Corps:
Queen’s Rangers; green coats; Hussars;
Highland company; irregulars; grenadiers; rifles; recruits; mourning for André; to Virginia; Rangers executed; some leave Yorktown on Bonetta; on The Army List; colours in mess of Queen’s York Rangers, Toronto
Queen’s Rangers, new reg’t for Upper Canada; half pay officers from New Brunswick; “Band of Music,” reduced in size, use as artificers; green jackets; depot, source of recruits; at Kingston; at Toronto/York; to Maumee R.; mustered at Toronto/York; replaced regular troops; disbanded
British Legion; some leave Yorktown on Bonetfa; evacuated to New York, disbanded, settled in New Brunswick
Emmerich’s Chasseurs (rifles)
DeLancey’s Brigade
North Carolina Loyalists
Loyal Virginia Regiment, joined to Q.R.
Provincials of the Northern (Military)
Department Butler’s Rangers
King’s Rangers (James Rogers)
King’s Royal Regiment of New York (Johnson’s Greens)
Loyal Rangers (Jessup’s)
Royal Highland Emigrants (later 84th), 1st Battalion
Provincial Regiments of the American Establishment, 1778 and later Queen’s Rangers, 1st American (Simcoe’s) Volunteers of Ireland, 2nd American (Rawdon’s), on British establishment as 105th
New York Volunteers, 3rd American (Turnbull’s)
King’s American Regiment, 4th American (Fanning’s)
British Legion, 5th American (Tarleton’s)
Militia, Staten Island
German regular troops; settlers
Militia Bill, U. Canada
Milles, Jeremiah
Milles, Thomas (brother)
Ministry of All the Talents, abolished slave trade
Minto, Gilbert Elliot-Murray Knynymound, 1st Earl of, gov. gen. of India
Mitchell, the Very Reverend Patrick, KCVO, Mrs. Pamela Le Marchant Mitchell
Moira, 2nd Earl of, Francis Rawdon Hastings, victor at Hobkirk’s Hill; biog., influence, reg’t on British establishment; JGS visits; offer to help Francis; Francis commissioned in Moira’s 27th Regiment
Monmouth, Battle of
Montreal, Simcoe’s journey to
Moore, Archdeacon George
Moore’s Creek Bridge, Battle of
Mountain, Bishop Jacob, at Quebec, brother Jehosophat; Bishop’s house in Quebec
Mudge, William, R.A. officer, trigonometrical survey; at Chudleigh
Munro, John, Capt.
Napoleon
Native North American aboriginal nations, in Upper Canada; Iroquois refugees, Mohawk, Onondaga, Cayuga, Seneca, Oneida, Tuscarora; reserve on Grand River; O jib way; Seneca at Newark
Navy Hall (Government House), descr., tents; life at
Nelson, Horatio, Admiral, death
Nepean, Evan, JGS sent Journal to; letter to
Newark, JGS renamed Niagara (or Butlersburg); vulnerable; three American comissioners at, return to U.S.
Niagara, see also Newark; Falls of
Northumberland, Duke of, see Percy Osgoode, William, chief justice; retired to London’s Temple
Oyster Bay, Long Is., N.Y.
Parker, Sir Hyde, Admiral
Percy, Hugh, 2nd Duke of Northumberland
Parring, John, workers trepassed
Perth Amboy, N. J.
Petersburg, Va., actions at
Philadelphia, Pa.
Phillips, William, General; death
Pilkington, Robert, Lieut. Royal engineers, rebuilt Ft. Miamis
Pitfield, William, Exeter Hospital; death; legacy from
Pitt, William (younger); death; resigned over Catholic emancipation
Plymouth; JGS commanded at; trouble at docks, work essential, strong measures; JGS lieut. general on staff, subordinates Major Generals Garth, England, Calcraft
Polwhele, Richard, historian; visited Wolford Lodge, biog., Poems
Portland, Duke of, see Bentinck Portugal, French threat, JGS to be full general in
Pratt, Rev. John, Vicar of Dunkeswell; dedicated chapel
Prescott, Robert, General, successor to Carleton/Dorchester
Prince Andrew, The, Colonel in Chief, Queen’s York Rangers
Quebec, capture, 1759; attack on, 1775776; Simcoes land; rent house, chimney fire; spring breakup; key to defence; EPS, children to for safety; JGS organised fire fighters; Simcoes’ departure on Pearl, Capt. Samuel Ballard
Queenston, lower landing
Queen’s York Rangers (1st American Regiment); Colonel in Chief The Prince Andrew, Duke of York
Quinton’s Bridge, skirmish
Rawdon, Francis Lord, see Moira, 2nd Earl of Richmond, Va., operations
Rogers, Robert, Colonel, ranger tactics;
Rolle, Lord; quarrels over dung; property rights; tenants to reduce prices; challenged JGS to duel
Roman Catholics; emancipation rejected
Rosslyn, Lieut. General Sir James St. Clair, 2nd Earl of, to Portugal
Russell, Peter, receiver general; sister Elizabeth; re JGS’ accounts in U. Canada
Russell, Robert, of Exeter; corps of wagoners;
Russia, JGS’ fear of
St. Lawrence River, Gulf of; rapids at Lachine, Cascades, Cedars, Coteau du Lac, Long Sault; Chimney Is. (Fort Lévis) guns; bateau channel
St. Vincent, Earl, Sir John Jervis; to Portugal
Salem JGS’ horse; to Wolford Lodge
San Domingo; JGS to govern; historic background, slaves in; JGS sailed for, left owing to poor health, lack of support; JGS resigned; received brass Spanish guns; now at Leatherhead Leisure Centre
Sandusky, Ohio, U.S. commissioners met tribes at; returned to U.S.
Saunders, John, Capt., Q.R., to Charleston
Scadding family in Devon
Scadding, John, JGS’ estate manager; re Honiton Turnpike, roads in Devon; in U. Canada; explored Dundas St.; marriage, returned to York, 3 sons, death
Scadding, Thomas (brother).
Scilly Isles, Capt. Lyman asked for reinforcements, refused
Seven Years’ War (French and Indian)
Shank, David, Capt. Q.R..; at Spencer’s Ordinary; settled in England; to U. Canada; Colonel of Q.R., in U. Canada
Sherwood, Justus, Capt., on Vermont; and H. Spencer to find recruits in U.S.
Sidmouth, Lord, see Addington Simcoe, Anne (daughter), birth; marriage
Simcoe, Caroline (daughter), birth; whooping cough
Simcoe, Charlotte (daughter), birth; smallpox inoculation; letters to; shirt for JGS; illness;
Simcoe, Eliza (daughter), birth; smallpox inoculation; missed parents; letters to.
Simcoe, Elizabeth Posthuma Gwillim, wife of JGS, biog.; wedding; attitude to her children; visit to Exmoor; plans for U. Canada; ball gown
s, Nankin china; concern for children; diary, two versions of; sketches; and King George; descr. of voyage; happy in Quebec; hut near Queenston; ill at Fort Niagara; rattlesnakes; Canise, sketched Great Sail; depression; disapproved of San Domingo; inspection tours with JGS; distress over Portugal; Francis in diary; evangelical Anglican, built Holy Trinity Church, Dunkeswell, restored other churches; death, burial near Wolford Chapel
Simcoe, Francis Gwillim (son), birth; wet nurse; inoculated; cannon noise; Great Sail and; 3rd birthday; in Quebec; 4th birthday; 5th; whooping cough; JGS’ letter to; The King’s School; Eton; army career; commissions, 27th Reg’t; at Bussaco, Badajoz, death
Simcoe, Henrietta Maria (Harriet, daughter), birth, inoculation
Simcoe, Henry Addington (son); birth; The King’s School, Eton; biog.; descendants of
Simcoe, John Cornwall (son), birth; smallpox; death, burial
Simcoe, John. Capt., R.N. (father), maxims of; death; memorial
Simcoe, John Graves, birth, brothers Powlett William, John, Percy; early education; death of Percy; Oxford; entered army; Freemason; Ireland and Wales; lieutenant; portrait, poems, love of history; at Boston; wounded at Brandywine; Queen’s Rangers; Journal; 2nd wound; captured; exchanged; at Charleston; pride at Spencer’s Ordinary; plans to escape from Yorktown; illness; left Yorktown aboard Bonetta; Left New York for home; in London, saw Rawdon, brevet Lieut. Colonel of Q.R.; romance with EPS; marriage plans, enclosure plans; wedding; Evangelical Anglican; attitude to children; monastic property, poetry; family prayers; published Journal; on Vermont; on future of British North America; health problems; ideas about Canada; M.P. for St. Mawes; visit to Exmoor; on Roman sites; enlarged estate Upper Canada, plans for; full Colonel in the Army; left children at home; hoped for Indian buffer state; need for strong army in U. Canada; correspondence, U. Canada, planned new Empire; commission delayed; fell through ice; at Niagara/Newark; allergies; dislike of land boards; stress affected health; wounded finger; Major General; explored Lake Ontario shoreline; health suffering; assessment as governor; resigned from San Domingo and U. Canada Defence of Western District, England, on staff, Devon, part of Somerset; tours of inspection; pay; objected to John Underhay; gout; anamuensis (assistant); at Plymouth, expedition cancelled, bought more property; Christmas season house parties, masquerades; commanded Devon, Somerset, Cornwall; 50th birthday; dedication, Wolford Chapel; Lieutenant General on staff, inspections Martello towers; made will; J. Borland, inspector of hospitals for JGS, hygiene; manorial rights; hired John Kendall to design library; Nelson’s funeral; appointed C. C. for India; mission to Portugal; death Simcoe, Katherine Stamford (mother); home in Cathedral Close; death
Simcoe, Katherine (daughter), birth at Newark; death at Toronto/York
Simcoe, Katherine (2nd daughter so named), birth
Simcoe, Sophia Jemima (daughter), birth; inoculation; difficult
Simcoe window, by the daughters, St. George’s Church, Sibbald Pt., Lake Simcoe
Slavery, JGS’ dislike of trade; William Wilberforce; bill to phase out in U. Canada; in San Domingo, abolitionist Thomas Clarkson; trade abolished by Britain
Smith, John, Major, 5th
Smith, Samuel, Capt.; Q.R.
Smith, William, chief justice; death of
Somerset, defence plans; Somerton rendezvous; reviews on Curry Moor, heavy German muskets; Somerset Defence Com’ee, met at Taunton Castle
Somerville family, Col. Hugh (M.A. Burges’ uncle); John Southby, 14th Lord.; Julia V.; married Sir Francis Bond Head
Spencer, George, Lieut., Q. R.; retrieved Br. Legion trophies; settled in England; drew maps for Journal; illness of
Spencer’s Ordinary; battle at; losses at
Staten Island, N.Y., Q.R. quarters
Stephenson, Charles, Capt., 5th
Stone, Joel, militia colonel, mill at Gananoque, EPS sketched it
Stuart, Rev. John
Sullivan, John, rebel general, expedition against Iroquois nations
Swete, Rev. John, visit to Wolford Lodge, admiration for JGS
Talbot, Edward, Lieut., 7th
Talbot, Thomas, Lieut., ADC to JGS; left U. Canada
Tappan, N.Y., skirmish; André executed
Tarleton, Banaster, Colonel, Br. Legion; in Virginia; M.P. for Liverpool
Toplady, Rev. Augustus, “Rock of Ages”
Toronto/York, Carrying Place; dockyard for; work begun; descr., harbour, Simcoes move to, renamed York, survey; capital moved to; renamed Toronto, Simcoe Day at
Toussaint L’Ouverture, Francois Dominique, slave leader
Trafalgar, Battle of; celebration at Wolford Lodge
Triton, frigate; Capt. George Murray; worry over ice
Trigonmetrical Survey of England
Troop distribution, West Country, JGS’ command
Underhay, JGS protested commission for Brixham tavern keeper; Volunteers charged, disbanded
Unrest, Western Distric, bread riots, poor harvest; riots, clergy assisting government, mobs, high prices, “Hucksters”; measures to curb, magistrates, donations; Cornwall quieter; JGS coordinated and advised Lord Lieut. Fortescue, £3,000 raised to import grain
Upper Canada, Province, JGS’ plans for, nobility, established church, capital, good government, college; canvas houses; strong army needed; descr.; divisions into districts, Eastern, Midland Home, Western; township surveys, population; roads, bridges; Executive and Legislative Councils; township names; election; first Parliament; JGS’ resignation
Valentine’s Hill, N. Y, skirmish
Vermont, independent republic; JGS on moving there; need of alliance with Canada, opinion of Vermonters, of Gov. Chittenden; Aliens and Fays; became 14th State; Sherwood negotiations
von Knyphausen, Baron Wilhelm, division commander
von Steuben, Baron Friedrich, trained rebel army
Vorhees, Capt. rebel, killed
Walcot, William, cousin of EPS, friend of JGS; and EPS’ estate at Aldwinkle; JGS’ trustee; Henry Simcoe principal heir
Washington, George, General; U.S. neutral
Wayne, Anthony, General, rebel, in Virginia, Fallen Timbers; did not attack Detroit
Wemyss, James, Major
West Point, N. Y, Arnold conspiracy
Weymouth, Simcoes; sailing delayed; yacht racing
Whitchurch, Hereford, Gwillim home
White, John, attorney general
Williamsburg, Va., operations near
Williamson, Adam, advises JGS, 292
Windham, William, under sec’y
Wolfe, James, General
Wolford Chapel, of Cistercian ruins, work begun; motto in; burial of JGS; of EPS; Ontario Gov’t assumed ownership, rededicated
Wolford Lodge and estate, origin of name, Woolford Church; early owners, JGS’ plans for purchase; life at; return to, 1796; JGS’ headquarters; library; lodge burnt
Yonge, Sir George, M.P., Escot county seat; JGS disappointed by
Yonge St., link York to Lake Simcoe; strategic road
York, Duke of C in C of the Army, JGS sent plan to, anger over San Domingo; praised JGS; ownership of dung
York, see Toronto
Yorke, Charles, acting home sec’y, advised ondiscipline, court martial, punishment
Yorktown, Va., campaign and final defeat
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Pride of place must go to two Simcoe descendants, Mrs. Margaret Partridge and John Vowler, who shared original documents in their possession, and were most welcoming. Lord Clifford generously permitted the use of his family papers at Ugbrooke House. Lord Coleridge of Ottery allowed us to photograph the “Simcoe vase” and to use information in the relationship between the Simcoe and Coleridge families. Mr. amd Mrs. Alfred Le Marchant, of Wolford Lodge, gave access to their original copy of Simcoe’s journals. Their daughter, Pamela, and her husband the Very Reverend Patrick Mitchell, KCVO have always been encouraging.
This work could not have been completed without the assistance of a host of friends on both sides
of the Atlantic. Among them are Hilary Arnold, M.A., of York, who unearthed Mrs. Simcoe’s true date and place of birth; Professor Donald Smith of the University of Calgary, Alberta; George Hutchison, former Director of Public Affairs, Government of Ontario in London; Mrs. Paddy Neville who rediscovered the Simcoe cannons; David Hancocks, former manager of the Leatherhead Leisure Centre; Brian Clist of Hemyock; Peter Thomas of the Exeter Cathedral Library; Robin Bush, Somerset Record Office; Paul Dixon of Cotterstock; Mrs. Shaw of Hembury Fort House; Patrick Strong and Mrs. P. Hatfield, for help with Eton College; Rober Highfield of Merton College, Oxford; Michael E. Dunning, The King’s School; John Ainsworth of the Royal Sussex Regiment Association; Librarian Christine Mosser, Canadian History, Metropolitan Toronto Library; Deputy Librarian Yvonne McGowan, Lincoln’s Inn; Archivist Patricia Gill, West Sussex Record Office; County Archivist Miss R. Watson and P.I. King, Northamptonshire Record Office; the staff of the House of Lords and the British Libraries, and the Public Record Office, Chancery Lane and Kew; Joy Gawne and Anita Jennings, Fairlynch Museum, and Mrs. Coton, former owner of Little Hill (now Simcoe House), Budleigh Salterton; Geoffrey Goodall, former headmaster, and George Ayres, former head of history, Exeter School; Assistant Curator Eileen Parris, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Library; friends and colleagues of the John Graves Simcoe/Wolford Chapel Committee, England. Fondly remembered as a predecessor of Chris as chairman of the John Graves Simcoe/Wolford Chapel Committee, is the late Wing Commander John F. Sutton, D.S.O., D.F.C., A.F.C.
Most revealing of all is the collection of material in the Archives of Ontario. Archivist Roger Nickerson arranged for this material to be microfilmed and sent to the West Country Studies Library, Exeter, where Librarian Ian Maxted agreed to have the library cover the cost. At the same time a microfilm was made for the Archives of Ontario and entered in the main finding aid on the Simcoes. The Ontario Heritage Foundation has been deeply involved since the province assumed ownership of Wolford Chapel. Heather Broadbent was chairman of the Foundation’s Wolford Chapel Advisory Committee. Richard Moorhouse of the Foundation, served as a courier and helped choose photographs taken during the both of the Archives, also lent interest and encouragement; Gavin Watt, colonel of the recreated King’s Royal Yorkers, read the manuscript and made useful suggestions. Dennis Mills was our editor. To Kirk Howard and Barry Jowett of the Dundurn Group, we owe much, and to our spouses, photographer Shirley Dracott and cartographer Geoffrey Fryer.
John Graves Simcoe, 1752-1806 Page 32
