Moscow, 1937

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Moscow, 1937 Page 91

by Karl Schlogel


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  Strauss, Kenneth M., Factory and Community in Stalin’s Russia: The Making of the Industrial Working Class (Pittsburgh, 1997).

  Stroitel'stvo Moskvy (1937).

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  Sudoplatov, Pavel, Special Tasks: The Memoirs of an Unwanted Witness – a Soviet Spymaster (London, 1995).

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  Tarkhanov, Alexei, and Sergei Kavtaradze, Architecture of the Stalin Era (New York, 1992).

  Taylor, Richard, and Derek Spring (eds), Stalinism and Soviet Cinema (London and New York, 1993).

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  Trifonow, Juri, Das Verschwinden (Berlin, 1989).

  Trotzki, Leo, Schriften 1: Sowjetgesellschaft und stalinistische Diktatur, Vol. 1.1: 1929–1936 (Hamburg, 1988).

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  Tschkalow, Valerij, Unser Transpolarflug (Moscow, 1939).

  Tschukowskaja, Lydia, Ein leeres Haus (Zurich, 1967).

  Tsitsin, Nikolai V. (ed.), Vsesoiuznaia selskokhoziaistvennaia vystavka: putevoditel' po territorii vystavki (Moscow, 1940).

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  Tucker, Robert C., Stalin in Power: The Revolution from Above 1928–1941 (London and New York, 1990).

  Turovskaya, Maya, ‘The 1930s and 1940s: cinema in context’, in Richard Taylor and Derek Spring (eds), Stalinism and Soviet Cinema (London and New York, 1993), pp. 34–53.

  Turovskaia, Maia, ‘Mosfilm–1937’, in Sovetskoe bogatstvo: stati o kul'ture, literature i kino: k shestidesiatiletiiu Hansa Guntera (St Petersburg, 2002), pp. 277–94.

  Uhl, Matthis, ‘“Und deshalb besteht die Aufgabe darin, die Aufklärung wieder auf die Füße zu stellen”: Zu den Großen Säuberungen in der sowjetischen Militäraufklärung1937/38’, Jahrbuch fur Historische Kommunismusforschung (2004), pp. 80–97.

  Urussowa, Janina, Das neue Moskau: Die Stadt der Sowjets im Film 1917–1941 (Cologne, Weimar and Vienna, 2004).

  Ustrialov, Nikolai, ‘“Sluzhit' rodine prikhoditsia kostiami”: dnevnik N. V. Ustrialova 1935–1937’, Istochnik 5–6 (1998), pp. 3–100.

  Utekhin, Il'ia, Ocherki kommunalnogo byta (Moscow, 2004).

  Vatlin, Alexander, Tatort Kunzewo: Opfer und Täter des Stalinschen Terrors 1937/ 38 (Berlin, 2003).

  Vatlin, Alexander and Larisa Malashenko (eds), Piggy Foxy and the Sword of Revolution: Bolshevik Self-Portraits, trans. Vadim A. Staklo, foreword by Simon Sebag Montefiore (New Haven, CT, and London, 2006.

  Vecherniaia Moskva (1936–1938).

  Velikie stroiki stalinskoi epokh (Moscow, 1950). Die Verfassung des sozialistischen Staates der Arbeiter und Bauern: Mit den Reden von J. W. Stalin, W. M. Molotov, M. M. Litwinow, P. P. Ljubtschenko, I. A. Jakowlew auf dem außerordentlichen VIII. Kongress der UdSSR (Strasbourg, 1937).

  Vernadskii, Vladimir I., ‘Dnevnik 1938 goda’, Druzhba narodov 2 (1991), pp. 219–48.

  Vernadskii, Vladimir I., Zhizneopisanie: izbrannye trudy: vospominaniia sovremennikov, suzhdeniia potomkov (Moscow, 1993). ‘“Veselye rebiata” – komediia kontrrevoliutsionnaia (ed. Nikolai Sidorov)’, Istochnik 3 (1995), pp. 72–8. Vikhavainen, Timo, Vnutrennyi vrag: borba s meshchanstvom kak moralnaia missiia russkoi intelligentsii (St Petersburg, 2004). Viola, Lynne, Peasant Rebels under Stalin: Collectivization and the Culture of Peasant Resistance (Oxford and New York, 1996). Viola, Lynne (ed.), Contending with Stalinism: Soviet Power and Popular Resistance in the 1930s (Ithaca, NY, 2002). Viola, Lynne, The Unknown Gulag: The Lost World of Stalin’s Special Settlements (Oxford, 2007). ‘“Vokrug menia vse yeshche pletut chernuiu pautinu”: pisma M. A. Sholokhova I.

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  Volkov, Solomon (ed.), Testimony: The Memoirs of Dmitri Shostakovich, trans. Antonina W. Bouis (London, 1979).

  Volkov, Vadim, ‘The concept of “kulturnost”: notes on the Stalinist civilizing process’, in Sheila Fitzpatrick (ed.), Stalinism: New Directions (London and New York, 2000), pp. 210–30.

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  ‘“Vse, chto govorit Radek, eto absoliutno zlostnaia kleveta”: ochnaia stavka K. Radeka i N. Bucharina v CK VKP(b), 13 ianvaria 1937 g., ed. Yuri Murin’, Istochnik 1 (2001), 63–77.

  Vystavochnye ansambli SSSR, 1920–1930-e gody: materialy i dokumenty (Moscow, 2006).

  Waksberg, Arkadi, Gnadenlos: Andrej Wyschinski: Mörder im Dienst Stalins (Bergisch-Gladbach, 1991).

  Ward, Chris, Stalin’s Russia (London, 1999).

  Weinert, Erich, Leben, Singen, Kämpfen: Liederbuch der FDJ (Berlin, 1949).

  Weissberg-Cybulski, Alexander, Hexensabbat: Russland im Schmelztiegel der Säuberungen (Frankfurt am Main, 1951).

  Werth, Nicolas, Le Procès de Moscou 1936–1938 (Brussells, 1987).

  Werth, Nicolas, ‘A state against its people: violence, repression and terror in the Soviet Unio
n’, in Stéphane Courtois et al., The Black Book of Communism, trans. Jonathan Murphy and Mark Kramer (Cambridge, MA, and London, 2000), pp. 33–268.

  Werth, Nicolas, La Terreur et le désarroi: Staline et son système (Paris, 2007).

  Wheatcroft, Stephen G., ‘On assessing the size of forced concentration labour in the Soviet Union, 1929–1956’, Soviet Studies 33/2 (April 1981), pp. 265–95.

  Widdis, Emma, Visions of a New Land: Soviet Film from the Revolution to the Second World War (New Haven, CT, and London, 2003).

  Williams, Robert C., ‘The Russian Revolution and the end of time 1900–1940’, Jahrbücher fur Geschichte Osteuropas 43 (1995), pp. 364–401.

  Wodopjanow, Michail, Der Pol (Berlin, 1954).

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  Wolkow, Solomon (ed.), Zeugenaussage: Die Memoiren des Dmitrij Schostakowitsch (Hamburg, 1979).

  Wood, Elizabeth A., Performing Justice: Agitation Trials in Early Soviet Russia (Ithaca, NY, and London, 2005).

  Youngblood, Denise J., Soviet Cinema in the Silent Era 1918–1935 (Austin, TX, 1991).

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  Zhiromskaia, Valentina B., Demograficheskaia istoriia Rossii v 1930-e gody: vzgliad v neizvestnoie (Moscow, 2001).

  Zhitkov, Boris S., Chto ia videl (Moscow and Leningrad, 1939).

  Zhukov, Anatolii F., Arkhitektura vsesoiuznoi selskokhozyaistvennoy vystavki 1939 (Moscow, 1939).

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  Zhuravlev, Sergei, and Mikhail Mukhin, ‘ Krepost' sotsializma’: povsednevnost' i motivatsiyia truda na sovetskom predpriiatii, 1928–1938 (Moscow, 2004).

  Zinger, Leonid S., Aleksandr Samokhvalov (Moscow, 1982).

  Zinov'ev, Aleksandr, Stalin – nashei iunosti polet: sotsniologicheskaia povest' (Moscow, 2002).

  Zolotonosov, Michail N., Slovo i telo: seksualnye aspekty, universalii, interpretatsii russkogo kulturnogo teksta XIX–XX vekov (Moscow, 1999).

  Index

  Page numbers in italics refer to figures and tables.

  Academy of Sciences

  assassination plot against Stalin 73

  and development of science and technology 259

  members

  arrests/executions 62

  Vladimir Vernadskii 256–7, 267–73

  Paris International Exhibition 202

  Pushkin Jubilee 144, 148–9

  advertisements

  jazz (dzhaz) 438

  luxury goods 314–17, 318, 319, 320

  New Year celebrations 512

  tourism 326–8

  agriculture

  All-Union Agricultural Exhibition 238–40, 465–7

  see also collectivization

  America see United States (USA)

  anti-fascist movement 86–90, 100

  see also Second World War; Spanish

  Civil War

  anti-God movement 118, 187, 188, 220–1

  ‘anti-Soviet elements’ 491–3

  anti-Soviet political parties 493, 494, 503

  apartment blocks see communal apartments

  Arbat 66

  The Master and Margarita

  (Bulgakov) 17, 18, 19

  archaeologists and forensics specialists 476

  architects/architecture 229–31

  All-Union Agricultural Exhibition 238–40, 465–7

  All-Union Association of Proletarian Architects (VOPRA) 244

  anniversary exhibitions, chaos and

  stress 237–8

  Art Nouveau and Art Deco 240, 245

  classicism 234, 554

  constructivism 229–30, 233, 241–3, 244, 280–1

  creation of new style 240–5

  First All-Union Congress of

  Architects 231–5, 236, 245–7

  ‘formalism’ 229, 232, 233, 237, 243–4

  ‘grand old men’ vs young architects 231–2

  Moscow–Volga Canal 279–83, 287

  new building projects 235–7

  ornamentation 245

  Paris International Exhibition:

  Soviet Pavilion 201–2

  ‘socialist realism’ 231, 240, 243, 280

  USA 233–4, 452, 455, 554–6

  Frank Lloyd Wright 245–7, 551

  see also Palace of the Soviets

  arrests/executions/disappearances

  aviatiors 312–13

  conservationists 47

  Directory of All Moscow (1936) 54, 60–4

  doctors 162

  and elections 471

  Feuchtwanger associates 93–4

  filmmakers 61, 382–4

  geologists and related professionals 261–6

  high society 355–9

  The Master and Margarita

  (Bulgakov) 27–30

  Moscow–Volga Canal 275, 292–3

  musicians 442–3

  peasants 74–5

  police portraits 444–5, 447

  writers 16, 93–4, 108

  see also Butovo shooting range; foreign communists/political émigrés; NKVD/GPU

  Art Nouveau and Art Deco 240, 245

  Article 58 (Penal Code) 261, 262–3, 265, 287, 289, 474, 480, 485

  artists

  and architecture 237–8, 245

  Butovo mass graves 488

  Moscow–Volga Canal camp 291

  and NKVD 367–9

  October Revolution anniversary celebrations 348–9

  sporting images 250–1

  assassinations

  Kirov 69, 71, 73, 74, 75

  Stalin, alleged attempts 71, 73, 412

  Yezhov, alleged attempt 525

  aviation 467

  arrests/executions 312–13

  heroes of the age 306–8

  Pilots of the Future (painting) 505, 507

  popularity of 305–6

  potential of 310–12

  transpolar flights 298–301

  world records and processions 295–7, 298

  see also North Pole expeditions

  Babochkin, Boris 148–9

  Bakhtin, Mikhail 4

  Benjamin, Walter 4, 199, 207–8, 220

  Bezhin Meadow (film) 379–82, 384, 509

  black market 322–3

  Bogushevskii, V. S. 227–8

  Bolshevism

  romanticism and terror 309–13

  and Stalin’s ‘socialism in one country’ 337–9

  Bolshoi Theatre 217, 223, 274, 372

  NKVD anniversary celebrations 510–12

  and mass operations 512–16

  ovations for executioners 516–18

  October Revolution anniversary celebration 345–7

  Brand, Lazar' 121, 122, 123

  Bukharin, Nikolai 535

  burial site 477

  Central Committee indictment of 182–5

  confession 525

  death sentence 102

  Directory of All Moscow 62

  execution 537

  final plea 521–2

  in Lubianka 153, 185, 462, 526–9, 532–7

  meeting with André Gide 91

  in Paris 206

  show trial 185, 269–70, 519

  Stalin

  letter on suicide of Furer 169

  letters to 527, 529–31

  Bulgakov, Mikhail 35, 81, 166

  Pushkin play (The Last Days) 151–2

  see also The Master and Margarita

  Bulgakova, Elena 16–17, 81, 161, 249, 355–7, 364–5, 367–8, 413, 440

  bureaucratic/government institutions 56–8

  Butovo shooting range 472–4

  killing by quota: Order No. 00447 491–501, 512

  red
iscovery and excavation of region 474–80

  ‘Registers of Executions by Firing Squad’ 475–6

  sentencing and mass executions 480–4

  sociology of mass graves 485–91

  statistics 472, 473, 474, 480, 481, 491

  capitalist vs socialist city 37–8

  car rallies 466, 467

  Cathedral of Christ the Saviour 547, 555

  demolition and history 546–8

  new 556, 577

  cemeteries see mass graves

  census

  6 January snapshot of empire 112–14

  age 117

  apartment blocks 110–12

  class ascription problems 111

  consequences of failures: arrests and repression 121–4

  delayed publication 109

  education 117–18

  enumerators 111, 113

  ethnic groups 117

  famine 121

  immigrants 110–11

 

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