That brings me to another nineteenth century woman—Josephine Butler. Butler was a devout Christian who abhorred sexual immorality. You might think that a woman like Butler would keep silent about something like the Contagious Diseases Act. But she was outraged by the double standard in the Acts—a standard that allowed the men who spread the disease to walk free while imprisoning only the women.
She was furious that the burden of the Act fell disproportionately on the poor. She found evidence that officers were specifically targeting milliners and flower girls—on the theory that all lower-class women were of low morals and thus inherently suspect.
Butler spoke out repeatedly—at gatherings and demonstrations, in newspapers and in books. She was labeled “indelicate” and when she was referred to in Parliament, men scoffingly said she was no “lady.” That didn’t stop her. Mobs that came to hunt her down did not stop her.
She insisted that the examinations the women were subject to constituted what she called “surgical rape,” and that holding them without a trial by their peers was a violation of their rights under Magna Charta and other sources of British Constitutional Law. She called for civil disobedience on the part of women in response to the acts; in 1870, in her book The Constitution Violated, she wrote: “If the breach in the constitution be effectually repaired, the people will of themselves return to a state of tranquility; if not, MAY DISCORD PREVAIL FOR EVER.”
This came from a married, upper-class, evangelical Christian.
And so if you’re wondering if women in 1877 could really do the things that Free did, or think the things that she did—the answer is yes, yes, yes. They did.
Amanda notes to herself at one point that she used to believe that poor women shouldn’t be allowed to vote, either. That was also—sadly—fairly representative for the time. The dark side of suffragette history is a horrible prejudice against people who didn’t fit their mostly white, middle-class mold. In England, that prejudice was predominantly class-based; in the U.S. (which we didn’t see at all in this book), there was some deep-seated, awful racism. I don’t think we can separate the harm of that prejudice from the good that those women did, and I tried to present that time in all its equally problematic and glorious history.
One last point: If you read Josephine Butler’s memoir, one of the things that comes through is how many vicious, deeply personal attacks she suffered. Her husband (who never asked her to quit) had a career that also suffered as a result of what she was doing.
I knew when I was writing the book that many of the things Free hoped to achieve are things that are still in doubt today. Today, 137 years later, we’ve had one female prime minister in Britain and precisely zero female presidents in the United States. And so one of the most important questions I felt I had to grapple with was this: Why bother? Why work for a goal that will not bear fruit in over a century? Why do people work to change things today?
I found the answer in Melissa McEwan’s Shakesville (http://www.shakesville.com). McEwan describes her work as follows:
Sometimes it feels like it’s all I ever write about; sometimes it feels like I can’t possibly write about it enough to do the issue justice; often, those feelings exist within me simultaneously. All I ever do is try to empty the sea with this teaspoon; all I can do is keep trying to empty the sea with this teaspoon.
Her analogy inspired me to write Free’s defense of what she does:
“But we’re not trying to empty the Thames,” she told him. “Look at what we’re doing with the water we remove. It doesn’t go to waste. We’re using it to water our gardens, sprout by sprout. We’re growing bluebells and clovers where once there was a desert. All you see is the river, but I care about the roses.”
I’ve said in every Author’s Note since the beginning of this series that this is as much an alternate history as it is a historical romance. I like to imagine that between Violet’s accomplishments in The Countess Conspiracy and what Free was doing in this book, that some of the human rights violations that suffragettes experienced over the next decades—the imprisonment, the resulting hunger strikes, the force feedings—might have been averted.
I still hope that the things we do today will make a difference.
And I hope that explains this book’s dedication:
For everyone who has carried water
in thimbles and teaspoons throughout the centuries.
And for all those who continue to do so.
For as many centuries as it takes.
Finally, a note on the word “suffragette”: When I started writing this book, I did a preliminary check to see if the word was being used in period literature (namely, a date-restricted search through Google Books). The answer seemed to be yes—it was mentioned in a handful of plays that came up first—so I didn’t pursue the question any further. It turns out that the Oxford English Dictionary attributes the word to 1906, and the plays I checked aren’t as conclusive as my first glance suggested. But by the time I checked it seriously (which was not until someone questioned the usage shortly before publication), the word was so baked into the book (including a title change!) that there was no way to change it. So that was absolutely my bad.
That being said, the OED dates words from the first printed use, and does not document (or attempt to document) informal uses, which usually predate the OED—and often by some margin. It’s clear from the use first listed in the OED that the suffragettes had already been calling themselves suffragettes for some time before the press started doing so. How long that gap between the informal verbal use and the formal recorded use was is impossible to say at this point. In some instances, I’ve found words (in private, written correspondence) that are not attested in the OED until some 50 years later. So it’s possible that the word “suffragette” was used in 1877 in the limited circles that this book discusses. Is it likely? Enh… I’m not going to insist it is. Let’s stick with “possible.”
So I am taking something of a liberty in using the word—and I’m doing so in part because there was no way to change it at the point when I discovered the issue, and in part because there is no replacement word in our vocabulary that conveys the same meaning to a modern audience (“suffragist,” which is clearly period, is not specific to women). I hope that if this really bothers you, you can imagine Free coining the word herself. Since I already have her coining “chromosome” in The Countess Conspiracy, I don’t think this achievement is beyond her.
Acknowledgments
I’m a terrible person to work with—I never know when I’ll be done and want things turned around immediately—and I’m deeply grateful to have such fantastic people to help me out. As always, this book would not have been completed without the tireless help I received from Robin Harders and Keira Soleore, my editors, Krista Ball, whose eagle eye kept me in the clear, Martha Trachtenberg, my copy-editor, Maria Fairchild and Martin O’Hearn, my proofreaders, and Rawles Lumumba, my project manager, who did all of the above and more. Melissa Jolly, my assistant, has managed to keep me sane and focused.
There are too many friends who have helped me out with this book in some way or another for me to thank by name, but I’ll try it anyway: Tessa Dare, Carey Baldwin, Leigh LaValle, Brenna Aubrey, Elyssa Patrick, Carolyn Jewel, Sherry Thomas, all the Peeners, the entire Denver lunch bunch, but especially Thea Harrison, Pamela Clare, and Jenn LeBlanc, my husband, my family, and last but not least, both of my wonderful creatures, Pele and Silver. I’m also indebted to innumerable author loops and boards for offering strategic advice and the ability to blow off steam.
I also want to acknowledge Rachel Chrastil’s The Siege of Strasbourg, which was invaluable for giving me a sense of how horrible the siege actually was.
I’m also grateful to all the librarians who have read my books and recommended them for institutional purchases, to library patrons, to friends—basically, to anyone. Finally, if you’re reading this as a library borrow, you can thank my agent Kristin Nelson, and her staff, particula
rly Lori Bennett, for helping me make this book available to libraries everywhere.
Women the world over have inspired me by standing up and speaking out, even knowing the consequences that could come. Every time I thought of making Free back down, or dream smaller, I thought of you, and you inspired me to write her as more. I can only hope I managed to make her live up to your examples.
Finally, to you my readers—who have stuck with me through four full-length books and several novellas in this series—thank you so much. This series has been so much more because of you. It’s not quite over yet—there’s one novella left—but without you, I would never have gotten this far or written this much. Thank you.
Copyright
This is a work of fiction. Names, characters, places, and incidents are the product of the author’s imagination or are used fictitiously. Any resemblance to actual events, locales, or persons, living or dead, is purely coincidental.
The Suffragette Scandal: © 2014 by Courtney Milan.
Cover design © Courtney Milan.
Cover photographs © Nata Sdobnikova | Dreamstime.com.
Digital Edition 1.0
All rights reserved. Where such permission is sufficient, the author grants the right to strip any DRM which may be applied to this work.
Table of Contents
Title Page
Dedication
Chapter One
Chapter Two
Chapter Three
Chapter Four
Chapter Five
Chapter Six
Chapter Seven
Chapter Eight
Chapter Nine
Chapter Ten
Chapter Eleven
Chapter Twelve
Chapter Thirteen
Chapter Fourteen
Chapter Fifteen
Chapter Sixteen
Chapter Seventeen
Chapter Eighteen
Chapter Nineteen
Chapter Twenty
Chapter Twenty-One
Chapter Twenty-Two
Chapter Twenty-Three
Chapter Twenty-Four
Chapter Twenty-Five
Chapter Twenty-Six
Epilogue
Thank you!
Talk Sweetly to Me: Excerpt
Other Books by Courtney
Author’s Note
Acknowledgments
Copyright
The Suffragette Scandal Page 32
