Science Was Born of Christianity

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Science Was Born of Christianity Page 18

by Stacy Trasancos


  [278] Augustine, The City of God, Book XII, Chapter 13, 234.

  [279] Jaki, Science and Creation, 182.

  [280] J. Zycha, editor, Augustine, Sancti Aureli Augustini De Genesi ad litteram libri duodecim, in Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinoram, Volume XXVIII, Section III, Part 1 (Vienna: F. Tempsky, 1894), Book I, Chapter 19, 28-29; quoted in translation to English in Jaki, Science and Creation, 182.

  [281] De Genesi, Book II, Chapter 10, 47 quoted in translation to English in Jaki, Science and Creation, 183.

  [282] Jaki, Science and Creation, 183.

  [283] Jaki, Science and Creation, 219.

  [284] Jaki, Science and Creation, 219.

  [285] Adelard of Bath, Conversations with His Nephew: On the Same and the Different, Questions on Natural Science and On Birds, Edited and translated by Charles Burnett (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1998), 83.

  [286] Jaki, Science and Creation, 219.

  [287] Alistair Cameron Crombie, The History of Science from Augustine to Galileo (Mineola, NY: Dover Publications, Inc.: 1995 reprint), 45.

  [288] Crombie, Augustine to Galileo, 45; Jaki, Science and Creation, 219.

  [289] Crombie, Augustine to Galileo, 4.

  [290] David C. Lindberg, The Beginnings of Western Science: The European Scientific Tradition in Philosophical, Religious, and Institutional Context, Prehistory to A.D. 1450 (Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press, 1992), Chapter 9, 210-211.

  [291] Jaki, Science and Creation, 220.

  [292] Crombie, Augustine to Galileo, 46.

  [293] Jaki, Science and Creation, 221.

  [294] This achievement is usually attributed to Galileo, however.

  [295] Jaki, Science and Creation, 221, cited within.

  [296] Jaki, Science and Creation, 221.

  [297] Lindberg, 234.

  [298] Amelia Carolina Sparavigna, “Reflection and refraction in Robert Grosseteste’s De Lineis, Angulis et Figuris” (Cornell University) at http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1302/1302.1885.pdf; Jaki, Science and Creation, 222; Crombie, Medieval and Early Modern Science, 20.

  [299] Alistair Cameron Crombie, Robert Grosseteste and the Origins of Experimental Science 1100-1700 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1953), 102-103; Jaki, Science and Creation, 223.

  [300] Jaki, Science and Creation, 223.

  [301] James McEvoy, Robert Grossteste (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000), 85.

  [302] McEvoy, 91.

  [303] Jaki, Science and Creation, 223.

  [304] Jaki, Science and Creation, 223.

  [305] William Turner, “William of Auvergne,” The Catholic Encyclopedia (New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1912) at New Advent, http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15631c.htm.

  [306] Lynn Thorndike, A History of Magic and Experimental Science, Volume 11 of 14 (New York: Columbia University Press, 1923), 338.

  [307] Turner, “William of Auvergne.”

  [308] John Arendzen, “Manichæism,” The Catholic Encyclopedia (New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910) at New Advent, http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09591a.htm; Jaki, Science and Creation, 223.

  [309] Thorndike, A History of Magic, 344.

  [310] Thorndike, A History of Magic, 342.

  [311] Thorndike, A History of Magic, 342-343. Thorndike references the original texts of William of Auvergne.

  [312] Jaki, Science and Creation, 223.

  [313] Thorndike, A History of Magic, 340.

  [314] Alfred North Whitehead, Science and the Modern World (Cambridge: The MacMillan Company, 1925), 5.

  [315] Jaki, Science and Creation, 225.

  [316] Lindberg, 237.

  [317] James A. Weisheipl, O.P., Albertus Magnus and the Sciences: Commemorative Essays 1980 (Toronto, CA: Pontifical Institute of Medieval Sciences, 1980), “Human Embryology and Development in the Works of Albertus Magnus” by Luke Demaitre and Anthony A. Travill, 414.

  [318] Albert the Great (Albertus Magnus), De fato (About Fate), Corpus Thomisticum at http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/xpz.html.

  [319] Weisheipl, “The Physical Astronomy and Astrology of Albertus Magnus” by Betsy Barker Price, 179.

  [320] Weisheipl, “St. Albert and the Nature of Natural Science” by Benedict Ashley, 78; Quote is from PhysicaI, translation 1, c. 1 (1890-1899) edited and translated by Auguste Borgnet.

  [321] Jaki, Science and Creation, 225.

  [322] Jaki, Science and Creation, 225.

  [323] Thomas Aquinas, De Motu Cordis, Translated by Gregory Froelich, The Dominican House of Studies at http://dhspriory.org/thomas/DeMotuCordis.htm.

  [324] Aquinas, De Motu Cordis.

  [325] Aquinas, De Motu Cordis.

  [326] Jaki, Science and Creation, 225.

  [327] ST, III (Supplement), q. 91, a. 2, Respondeo.

  [328] Jaki, Science and Creation, 226.

  [329] Thorndike, A History of Magic, 685.

  [330] Lynn Thorndike, “The True Roger Bacon,” in The American Historical Review, Volume XXI (London: The Macmillan Company, 1916), 245.

  [331] Oliver J. Thatcher, ed., The Library of Original Sources (Milwaukee: University Research Extension Co.: 1901), Vol. V: The Early Medieval World, 369-376. Found at “Medieval Sourcebook: Roger Bacon: On Experimental Science 1268,” by Fordham University at http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/bacon2.asp, scanned by Jerome S. Arkenberg, Department of History, California State Fullerton.

  [332] Jaki, Science and Creation, 226.

  [333] Jaki, Science and Creation, 226.

  [334] Jaki, Science and Creation, 226.

  [335] Jaki, Science and Creation, 226; Thorndike, A History of Magic, 654.

  [336] Jaki, Science and Creation, 227.

  [337] Thorndike, A History of Magic, 650.

  [338] Thorndike, A History of Magic, p. 338; Thorndike, “The True Roger Bacon,” 245.

  [339] Thorndike, A History of Magic, 656-657.

  [340] Thorndike, A History of Magic, 657, from Opus Majus.

  [341] Thorndike, A History of Magic, 658.

  [342] Thorndike, A History of Magic, 658-662.

  [343] Thorndike, A History of Magic, 662.

  [344] Thorndike, A History of Magic, 664.

  [345] Thorndike, A History of Magic, 674-675.

  [346] Jaki, Science and Creation, 227-228.

  [347] Thorndike, “The True Roger Bacon,” 480.

  [348] Thorndike, “The True Roger Bacon,” 480.

  [349] Lindberg, 244.

  [350] Lindberg, 244.

  [351] Siger of Brabant: The Eternity of the World, translated by Peter King at http://individual.utoronto.ca/pking/translations/SIGER.Eternity_of_World.pdf.

  [352] Michael Heller, Ultimate Explanations of the Universe (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 2009), 136.

  [353] Jaki, Science and Creation, 229.

  [354] Arthur Hyman, James J. Walsh, and Thomas Williams, editors, Philosophy in the Middle Ages: The Christian, Islamic, and Jewish Tradition, Third Edition (Indianapolis, IN: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc., 2010), 541-549.

  [355] ST, I, q. 46, a. 2, Sed contra.

  [356] Jan A. Aertsen, Kent Emery, Andreas Speer, and Walter de Gruyter, Nach der Verurteilung von 1277 / After the Condemnation of 1277: Philosophie und Theologie an der Universität von Paris im letzten Viertel des 13. Jahrhunderts. Studien und Texte [Philosophy and Theology at the University of Paris in the Last Quarter of the Thirteenth Century] Studies and Texts (Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co., 2000), 3.

  [357] Edward Grant, The Nature of Natural Philosophy in the Late Middle Ages (The Catholic University of America, 2010), 49-50.

  [358] Grant, The Nature of Natural Philosophy, 49.

  [359] Jaki, Science and Creation, 231.

  [360] Jaki, Science and Creation, 231.

  [361] Grant, Nature of Natural Philosophy, vii.

  [362] Grant, Nature of Natural Philosophy, vii; Jaki, Science and Creation, 231.

  [363] Jaki, Science and Creation, 230.

  [364] Ja
ki, Science and Creation, 231.

  [365] Jaki, Science and Creation, 232; quoting Quaestiones super libris quattuor de cælo et mundo edited by E. A. Moody (Cambridge, MA: The Medieval Academy of America, 1942), 152 (Lib. II, quaest. 6).

  [366] Herbert Butterfield, The Origins of Modern Science (New York: The Free Press, A Division of Simon & Schuster Inc., 1957) 15-16.

  [367] Jaki, A Late Awakening, 53.

  [368] Note, he was not referring to two dissimilar objects such as a feather and a ball which would fall at rates also affected by surface area and air resistance. Aristotle was referring to objects identical except for mass, i.e. two balls of the same size but different masses.

  [369] This question can be found translated online at Professor Gyula Klima’s website, Philosophy, Fordham University at http://faculty.fordham.edu/klima/Blackwell-proofs/MP_C23.pdf, a reproduction of pages 532 to 538 of Marshall Clagett, The Science of Mechanics in the Middle Ages (Madison,WI, The University of Wisconsin Press, 1959).

  [370] Jean Buridan, Book VIII, Question 12 of Super octo libros physicorum Aristotelis subtilissimae quaestiones at http://faculty.fordham.edu/klima/Blackwell-proofs/MP_C23.pdf, paragraph 4.

  [371] Buridan, Super octo, paragraph 6.

  [372] Buridan, Super octo, paragraph 6.

  [373] Buridan, Super octo, paragraph 6.

  [374] Pierre Duhem, Essays in the History and Philosophy of Science, Translated and Edited by Roger Ariew and Peter Barker (Indianapolis, IN: Hackett Publishing Company, 1996), 244.

  [375] Jason Gooch, “The Effects of the Condemnation of 1277,” The Hilltop Review, Vol. 2 (2006), 34; quoting Duhem, Pierre, Études sur Leonard de Vinci, Vol. I (Paris: Hermann, 1906), 412.

  [376] Jaki, A Late Awakening, 49.

  [377] Fourth Lateran Council, 1215, paragraph 1, see DS, 800.

  [378] Jaki, A Late Awakening, 50.

  [379] Jaki, A Late Awakening, 52.

  [380] A good explanation of the Cosmogonical Fallacy which still plagues the understanding of evolution and intelligent design was written by Michael W. Tkacz, “Aquinas vs. Intelligent Design” Catholic Answers Magazine, Volume 19, Number 9 (November, 2008) at http://www.catholic.com/magazine/issues/volume-19-number-9.

  [381] Jaki, A Late Awakening, 55.

  [382] Knox, John 1:1-5.

  [383] Knox, John 1:14.

  [384] Jaki, A Late Awakening, 55.

  [385] Knox, Matthew 6:33 and John 18:36.

  [386] Jaki, A Late Awakening, 60.

  [387] Stephen M. Barr, “Science Seeking Understanding,” First Things (June/July 2009) at http://www.firstthings.com/article/2009/05/science-seeking-understanding-1243195356.

  [388] Jaki, Science and Creation, 230; Whitehead, Science and the Modern World, 17-18; “Alfred North Whitehead – Biography,” The European Graduate School website at http://www.egs.edu/library/alfred-north-whitehead/biography/.

  [389] Whitehead, 13-14.

  [390] Haffner (2009), 145.

  [391] Haffner (2009), 145.

  [392] Butterfield, The Origins of Modern Science, 27.

  [393] Bernard O’Connor, “The Catholic Church and Galileo,” (2009) EWTN website at http://www.ewtn.com/library/ISSUES/churchgalileo.htm.

  [394] Lindberg, Kindle location 4425-4431.

  [395] Jaki, Science and Creation, 230.

  [396] Pierre Duhem, Études sur Léonard de Vinci (Paris: A. Hermann, 1906), 412.

  [397] Lindberg, 248.

  [398] Lindberg, 248.

  [399] Lindberg, 248.

  [400] Lindberg, 2.

  [401] Jaki, Science and Creation, 235.

  [402] Jaki, Science and Creation, 235.

  [403] Jaki, A Mind’s Matter, 62.

  [404] Jaki, A Mind’s Matter, 62.

  [405] Jaki, A Mind’s Matter, 63.

  [406] Jaki, A Mind’s Matter, 62.

  [407] Grant, Nature of Natural Philosophy, ix.

  [408] Thomas E. Woods, How the Catholic Church Built Western Civilization (Washington DC: Regnery Publishing, Inc., 2005), 75.

  [409] James Hannam, The Genesis of Science: How the Christian Middle Ages Launched the Scientific Revolution (Washington DC: Reg e nery Publishing, Inc., 2011).

  [410] Hannam, xvi-xvii.

  [411] Benjamin Wiker, The Catholic Church and Science: Answering the Questions Exposing the Myths (Charlotte, NC: TAN Books, 2011), “The First Confusion.”

  [412] Wiker, Kindle location 180.

  [413] Wiker, Kindle location 375-387.

  [414] Ronald L. Numbers, editor, Galileo Goes to Jail and Other Myths About Science and Religion (Cambridge, MA and London, England: Harvard University Press, 2009), “Myth 9: That Christianity Gave Birth to Modern Science,” Noah J. Efron, 79-89.

  [415] Wiker, Kindle location 380.

  [416] Jaki, A Mind’s Matter, “Three More Years” an additional chapter, 17.

  [417] Nicola Cabibbo and Marcelo Sánchez Sorondo, Pontifical Academy of Sciences, Circular letter announcing the death of Prof. Stanley Jaki, dated April 8, 2009, available at http://www.sljaki.com/Pontifical_Academy_en.html.

  [418] Haffner (2009), 147.

  [419] Numbers, Efron, 80.

  [420] Numbers, Efron, 87-88.

  [421] Numbers, Efron, 88.

  [422] Jaki, A Mind’s Matter, “Three More Years” an additional chapter, 10.

  [423] Antonio Spadaro, S.J., “A Big Heart Open to God,” America Magazine (September 30, 2013) at http://www.americamagazine.org/pope-interview.

  [424] Jeff McLeod, “The Universe Was Created for the Sake of the Church,” Catholic Stand (August 27, 2013) at http://catholicstand.com/the-universe-was-created-for-the-sake-of-the-church/, quoting the Catechism of the Catholic Church §760.

 

 

 


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