hierarchy ref1
‘Holy’ prefix ref1
Jews ref1
law ref1
Maximillian I’s reform of ref1
Napoleon I and ref1
and nationhood ref1
nobility ref1
origin of term ref1
population ref1, ref2
and Protestantism ref1
Reichsachts ref1nxxii, ref2, ref3nlxxi
Saxon re-establishment of ref1
stagnation of ref1
symbols ref1, ref2
taxation ref1
trade ref1
and Treaty of Westphalia ref1
women, ref1, ref2
homelessness, post-Second World War ref1
Hong Kong ref1
Hoover, Herbert ref1, ref2, ref3
Hoover Commission ref1
Horsovský Týn see Bischofteinitz
Hosenfeld, Wilm ref1
Hospitalers ref1
Hrnecek, Václav ref1
Hugenberg, Alfred ref1
Hugo, Victor ref1
humanism ref1
Humboldt, Wilhelm von ref1
Hungarians
Czechoslovakia ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
dispersal of, post-First World War ref1
Slovakia ref1
Transylvania ref1
see also Magyars
Hungary
and Austria ref1
and Axis ref1
Battle of Mohacs ref1
communism ref1, ref2
and Germany ref1
Ottoman rule ref1
post-First World War ref1nxlviii, ref2
status of ref1
Versailles Peace Conference ref1
see also Austria-Hungary; Budapest
hunger, post-Second World War ref1, ref2, ref3
Huns ref1, ref2, ref3nvii
as a derogatory term ref1nii, ref2, ref3
Hupka, Herbert ref1
Hus, Jan ref1, ref2
Hussites ref1, ref2, ref3
Huxley, Julian ref1
Huxley, Thomas ref1
Iconium, battle of ref1
Iglau (Jihlava) ref1, ref2
Ildico (Hildchen), King ref1
immigration ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Imperial Germany ref1
African colonies ref1
army ref1
censorship ref1
Chancellors ref1, ref2
colonies ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
counter-culture ref1
diplomatic isolation ref1
economy ref1
education ref1, ref2
elections ref1
extra-parliamentary organisations ref1
First World War ref1ncl, ref2, ref3
industries ref1, ref2
law ref1, ref2, ref3
laws ref1, ref2, ref3
modernisation ref1
national flag ref1ncxvi
naval mutiny ref1
navy ref1
political parties ref1, ref2, ref3
public services ref1
reform ref1
Reichstag ref1
Social Democrats ref1, ref2, ref3nclii
social welfare ref1, ref2
socialism ref1
trade ref1, ref2
imperialism ref1
British ref1nxxxviii, ref2
German ref1, ref2
Incas ref1, ref2
Independent Social Democrats (USPD) ref1
Independent Socialists (USPD) ref1
industries ref1
Bohemia ref1, ref2, ref3
Czechoslovakia ref1
Imperial Germany ref1
modernisation of ref1
Moravia ref1
Morgenthau Plan for ref1, ref2, ref3
post-First World War ref1, ref2
post-Second World War ref1, ref2
pre-First World War ref1, ref2
Prussia ref1, ref2
Second World War ref1
Silesia ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Third Reich ref1nclxxvi
Weimar Republic ref1
inflation ref1, ref2, ref3
Innocent IV, Pope ref1
Inquisition ref1, ref2, ref3
International Criminal Court ref1
International Herald Tribune ref1, ref2 see also Herald Tribune
The International Jew ref1
internationalism ref1
Iohannis, Klaus ref1
Ireland ref1, ref2nlxxxii, ref3, ref4
Iron Curtain ref1
Istria ref1
Italy ref1
African colonies ref1
Arianism ref1
and Axis ref1
Catholic Church ref1
Friedrich II’s legacy in ref1
Langobards (Lombards) ref1, ref2, ref3nx
Ostrogoths in ref1
post-First World War ref1
and Prussia ref1, ref2, ref3
Second World War ref1nccxxx
South Tirol ref1
trade, post-Second World War ref1
Trentino ref1, ref2
and Triple Alliance ref1
War of Italian Unification ref1
see also Lombardy; Rome
Ivan III, Grand Duke of Russia ref1
Ivan IV, Tsar of Russia (Ivan the Terrible) ref1, ref2
Jäckel, Eberhard ref1
Jagiellon dynasty ref1
Jagow, Gottlieb von ref1
Jaksch, Wenzel ref1
James II, King of Britain and Ireland ref1nxxxiii
Japan
alliance with Germany ref1, ref2nclxxix
Russo-Japanese War ref1
Second World War ref1, ref2, ref3
JCS 1067 Directive ref1
JCS 1779 Directive ref1
Jedenspeigen, Battle of (1278) ref1
Jena, battle of ref1, ref2ncxv
Jerusalem ref1, ref2, ref3
Jesuits ref1, ref2
Jews
as army officers, First World War ref1nccxv
assimilation of ref1
Bohemia ref1, ref2, ref3
and Bolshevism ref1, ref2
and business ref1
and crusades ref1
culture ref1, ref2, ref3
Czechoslovakia ref1, ref2, ref3
deportation of ref1, ref2
diaspora ref1
Eastern Europe ref1
education ref1
emigration ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Enlightenment ref1
France ref1, ref2
genocide ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
and Germans compared ref1
Germany ref1
Goebbels’ attitude to ref1
Hitler’s attitude to ref1, ref2, ref3
Holy Roman Empire ref1, ref2, ref3
and identity ref1
Inquisition’s persecution of ref1nxxviii, ref2
and law ref1, ref2
Moravia ref1
Nazis’ treatment of ref1, ref2
North German Federation ref1
Orthodox ref1, ref2
Ottoman Empire ref1
Poland ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
and politics ref1, ref2
post-Second World War ref1
Prague ref1, ref2nxlii
Prussia ref1, ref2
Rhine valley ref1
Russia ref1, ref2
Spain ref1
taxation ref1
Third Reich ref1
Vienna ref1
use of Yiddish ref1
see also anti-Semitism; Holocaust; pogroms
Jihlava see Iglau
Joachim I (Nestor), Elector of Brandenburg ref1nlxxvi
Joachim II (Hector), Elector of Brandenburg ref1nlxxvi
Joachim Friedrich of Brandenburg-Hohenzollern ref1nlxxvi
Jodl, Alfred ref1
Johann Sigismund, Elector of Brandenburg-Hohenzollern ref1nlxxvi
John, King of England ref1
John I, King of B
ohemia ref1
John XXII, Pope ref1, ref2
John of Luxemburg, Prince ref1
Jones, Edgar ref1
Joseph I, Emperor ref1
Joseph II, Emperor ref1, ref2, ref3
Joseph, Chief of the Nez Perce tribe ref1
Judt, Tony ref1
Post War: A History of Europe Since 1945 ref1
Julian, Emperor ref1
Julius Caesar see Caesar, Julius
Jung, Carl Gustav ref1
Junge, Traundl ref1
Jünger, Ernst
Storm of Steel ref1
The Working Man ref1
Jungmann, Josef ref1
Junkers ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
Justinian I, Emperor ref1
Kaczynski twins ref1
Kafka, Franz ref1, ref2, ref3
kaisers ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Kalinin, Mikhail Ivanovich ref1
Kaliningrad see Königsberg
Kammerknechte ref1
Kant, Immanuel ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Critique of Pure Reason ref1
Kantorowicz, Ernst ref1
Karelia ref1
Karl, Emperors see under Charles
Karl der Große see Charlemagne
Karlsbad (Karlovy Vary) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Karlsbad Decrees (1819) ref1
Karlspreis (Charlemagne Prize) ref1nxi
Kassel ref1
Kästner, Erich ref1
Kathe, Hans Hermann von ref1
Katyn massacre ref1
Kaufman, Theodore, Germany Must Perish ref1nccxvii
Kaunitz, Wenzel Anton, Prince von ref1
Kazakhstan ref1
Keeling, Ralph F. ref1, ref2, ref3
Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928) ref1
Kennan, George ref1, ref2
Kepler, Johannes ref1
Kershaw, Sir Ian ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Kertzenberg ref1nxxx
Keynes, John Maynard ref1, ref2
The Economic Consequences of Peace ref1
Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeyevich ref1, ref2, ref3
Kierkowski, Aronek ref1
Kiev ref1, ref2, ref3
Kipling, Rudyard ref1
The White Man’s Burden ref1
Kirchhoff, Gustav Robert ref1
Kladno ref1
Klaipéda see Memelland
Klaus, Vaclav ref1, ref2
Klausenburg (Cluj-Napoca) ref1nxxx
Kloster Tepl (Teplá) ref1
Knights of the Sword see Schwertbrüder Order
Kobina, Joachim ref1
Koch, Erich ref1
Kohl, Helmut ref1, ref2
Kokot, Alois ref1
Kolberg (Kolobrzeg) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Kollwitz, Käthe ref1
Kolmar see Colmar
Kominek, Cardinal Boleslaw ref1
Königgrätz, battle of ref1nliii, ref2
Königsberg (Kaliningrad) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9
University ref1, ref2
Konitz, Battle of ref1
Konrad of Masovia, Duke ref1
Kopecký, Václav ref1
Kopp, Guido, Die Grosse Flucht (TV series) ref1
Kouril, Jan ref1
Krakow ref1, ref2, ref3ncclvii
Kreisau circle ref1
Kronstadt (Brasov) ref1nxxx
Krupps ref1
Kudlich, Hans ref1
Kuenheim, Margarethe von ref1
Kulm (Kulmerland) ref1
Kun, Bela ref1, ref2
Kunersdorf, battle of (1759) ref1, ref2
Küng, Hans ref1
Kurische Nehrung see Curonian Spit
Küstrin ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Kuttenberg (Kutna Hora) ref1
St Barbara Cathedral ref1
Kvaternik, Marshal Slavko ref1
Kwidzyn see Marienwerder
Kyoto Accords ref1
Lambert of Spoleto, Emperor ref1
Lambsdorf (Lambinowice) ref1, ref2, ref3
land disputes, post-Second World War ref1
Landfrieden ref1
Landsberg, Otto ref1
Landtage ref1, ref2
Lang, Fritz, Metropolis ref1
Langhans, Carl Gothard ref1
Langobards (Lombards) ref1, ref2, ref3nx
Lansing, Robert ref1, ref2
Lasker, Eduard ref1
Lassalle, Ferdinand ref1, ref2, ref3
Lastenausgleich ref1, ref2
Lateran Council, Fourth (1215) ref1
Latin ref1, ref2, ref3
Latvia ref1 see also Courland; Riga
Lawrence, D. H., Fantasia of the Unconscious ref1
Le Rond, General Henri ref1
League of Nations ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
League of the Rhine see Rhinebund
Leahy, Admiral William ref1
Lebensraum ref1
Legnica see Liegnitz
Leibnitz, Gottfried Wilhelm ref1
Leipzig
Battle of (1813) ref1, ref2
League of (1631) ref1
Lemberg see Lwów
Lenard, Phillip von ref1ncccxv
Lenin, Vladimir Ilych ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4ncccii
Leningrad ref1
Leopold I, Emperor ref1
Lesche (Lestina) ref1
Lese (Liescha) ref1
Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim ref1
Leuthen, battle of (1757) ref1
Lewin, Moshe, The Soviet Century ref1ncclxxxiii
Lezaky ref1
Liberal German Democratic Party (DDP) ref1
Liberals ref1
Liberia ref1
Lidice ref1
Liebental (Lubomierz) ref1
Liegnitz (Legnica) ref1
Liescha see Lese
Linquist, Sven, A History of Bombing ref1nccxcvii
Lipmann, Adolf ref1
Lippehne (Lipiany) ref1
Lipski, Józef ref1
Literary Digest ref1
literature ref1
anti-German ref1
Jewish ref1
Lithuania ref1, ref2 see also Memelland
Livonia ref1
Livonians ref1
Lloyd George, David ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10
Lobkowitz family ref1
Locarno Treaty (1925) ref1
Loew, Rabbi, of Worms ref1nxlii
Löhner, Ludwig von ref1
Loket see Elbogen
Lombardy ref1 see also Langobards
London
bombing of, Second World War ref1, ref2, ref3
Peace of (1848) ref1
looting ref1, ref2ncclx, ref3, ref4
Lorraine ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6ncxliv see also Alsace-Lorraine
Lothringen see Lorraine
Louis I, Emperor (Louis the Pious) ref1
Louis II, King of the Franks (Ludwig the German) ref1
Louis XIV, King of France ref1, ref2, ref3
Louis XVIII, King of France ref1
Lowe, Keith, Savage Continent ref1nccxix
Lowenthal, Richard ref1
Lower Silesia ref1, ref2, ref3nccli, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
Lübeck ref1, ref2, ref3
‘Peace’ of ref1
Lubomierz see Liebental
Ludendorff, General Erich von ref1
Ludwig the German see Louis II, King of the Franks
Ludwig the Pious see Louis I, Emperor
Lueger, Karl ref1
Lufthansa ref1
Luftwaffe ref1, ref2, ref3
Lusitania ref1
Luther, Martin ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10
On Jews and Their Lies ref1
Lutheranism ref1
Luxembourg ref1
House of ref1, ref2
Luxemburg, Rosa ref1, ref2
Lviv ref1
Lwów (Lemberg) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Macaulay, Thomas Babin
gton, 1st Baron ref1
McCloy, John ref1
MacDonogh, Giles ref1
After the Reich ref1
Mach, Zdzislaw, Unwanted Towns ref1
Mácha, Karel Hynek ref1
Machiavelli, Niccolo ref1
Mackenzie, Donald ref1
Macmillan, Margaret, Peacemakers: Six Months that Changed the World ref1
Madagascar Plan ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4nccxi
Magdeburg ref1nxiii, ref2, ref3
Magyars ref1, ref2
Mahler, Gustav ref1, ref2
Main, river ref1nxcv
Mainz ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Mainzer Republic ref1
Malbork see Marienburg
Malmedy ref1
Malthus, Thomas Robert ref1
Mameluke Turks ref1
Manchester ref1
The Manchester Guardian ref1
Manderla, Joanna ref1ncccxvi
Mann, Heinrich ref1
Mann, Thomas ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Mannheim ref1
Manstein, Field Marshal Erich von ref1, ref2
Mao Zedong ref1
Marburg University ref1
Marcomanni ref1, ref2, ref3
Maria Theresa, Empress ref1, ref2nxxiii, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Marie Antoinette, Queen of France ref1
Marienbad (Marianske Lazne) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Marienburg (Malbork) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Marienwerder (Kwidzyn) ref1
Markus Aurelius, Emperor ref1
Marshall, General George ref1, ref2
Marshall Aid ref1
Marx, Karl ref1, ref2
Marxism ref1
Marxists ref1
Masaryk, Tomás Garrigue ref1, ref2, ref3
master race myth ref1
Matthias, Emperor ref1
Mattussek, Matthias ref1
Maugg, Gordian ref1
Maximillian I, Emperor ref1, ref2, ref3
May, Karl ref1
Maya people ref1
media
and anti-Semitism ref1
on cultural heritage ref1
and ethnic cleansing ref1
on German living standards, post-Second World War ref1
Nazis’ use of ref1nclxviii, ref2
and Polish-German relations ref1
and POWs ref1, ref2
and racism ref1
and war graves ref1
see also press
Mediasch (Medias) ref1nxxx
Meehan, Patricia ref1, ref2
Mein Führer (film) ref1
Meinecke, Friedrich ref1, ref2, ref3
Meissner, Otto ref1ncccxxiii
Melanchthon, Philipp ref1
Memel ref1, ref2, ref3
Memelland ref1
Mendelssohn, Felix ref1
Mendelssohn, Moses ref1, ref2
Mercedes ref1
merchants ref1
Merkel, Angela ref1, ref2, ref3
Merkers salt mine ref1
Merovingian dynasty ref1, ref2
Metgethen ref1
Metropolis (film) ref1
Metternich, Klemens Wenzel von, Prince ref1, ref2, ref3
Metz ref1, ref2, ref3
Meuse, river ref1
Meyer, Dr Lawrence ref1
Michelberg ref1nxxx
Mickiewicz, Adam ref1nccxliv, ref2
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