belief in its safety has moved in lockstep with views on whether pot should be legal: Campbell, W. K., Twenge, J. M., & Carter, N. (2017). Support for marijuana (cannabis) legalization: Untangling age, period, and cohort effects. Collabra: Psychology, 3, 2.
One 18-year-old iGen’er: In debate over legalizing marijuana, disagreement over drug’s dangers: In their own words: supporters and opponents of legalization. Pew Research Center, April 14, 2015.
Percentage who agree: Lydia Saad. Americans buy free pre-K; split on tuition-free college. Gallup Poll, May 2, 2016.
A headline-grabbing 2015 poll: Emily Ekins. Poll: Americans like free markets more than capitalism and socialism more than a govt managed economy. Reason.com. February 12, 2015.
“Although you may not agree”: Emilia Beuger. Bernie Sanders shows compassion and authenticity. Massachusetts Daily Collegian, April 19, 2016.
Conclusion
“Ever since my younger sister”: Rachel Walman. Keep your head up and put down your cellphone. Massachusetts Daily Collegian, April 6, 2016.
“Social media is destroying our lives”: Nancy Jo Sales. (2016). American Girls: Social media and the secret lives of teenagers. New York: Knopf.
When New York Times reporter Nick Bilton: Alter, Adam. (2017). Irresistible: The Rise of Addictive Technology and the Business of Keeping Us Hooked. New York: Penguin Press.
“The social media companies”: Ibid.
Melissa Nilles: Melissa Nilles. Technology is destroying the quality of human interaction. Bottom Line, January 24, 2012.
One 18-year-old interviewed: Sales. American Girls.
“You’re surrounded by it”: Rachel Grace. Do it for the ’gram, or don’t do it at all. RedAndBlack.com, September 19, 2016.
The Washington Post recently profiled: Jessica Contrera. Their tube: When every moment of childhood can be recorded and shared, what happens to childhood? Washington Post, December 7, 2016.
Or you can mimic the response: Rachel Moss. Teen girl has genius response to guy who asked for shower selfie. Huffington Post, July 11, 2016.
“Sitting in a lecture hall”: Kate Leddy. I skipped class to go to the gym and don’t regret it. Massachusetts Daily Collegian, February 9, 2016.
At least by their own reports: Joe O’Shea and Nina Hoe. A gap year could be the answer to the student mental health crisis. Quartz, September 14, 2016.
When Bryce Maine wanted to bring his 69-year-old grandmother: Travis M. Andrews. A teen asked his grandmother to her first prom. Too old, said the school. Washington Post, April 4, 2017.
in fact, I coauthored: Twenge, J. M., Baumeister, R. F., Tice, D. M., & Stucke, T. S. (2001). If you can’t join them, beat them: Effects of social exclusion on aggressive behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 81, 1058–1069. Twenge, J. M., Catanese, K. R., & Baumeister, R. F. (2002). Social exclusion causes self-defeating behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 83, 606–615. Baumeister, R. F., Twenge, J. M., & Nuss, C. K. (2002). Effects of social exclusion on cognitive processes: Anticipated aloneness reduces intelligent thought. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 83, 817–827.
Aiken Elementary School in West Hartford: Safe School Climate Plan—Anti-Bullying. Aiken Elementary School website, School Info page.
As the psychologist Nick Haslam points out: Nick Haslam. How we became a country where bad hair days and campaign signs cause “trauma.” Washington Post, August 12, 2016. Haslam, N. (2016). Concept creep: Psychology’s expanding concepts of harm and pathology. Psychological Inquiry 27, 1–17.
Index
A note about the index: The pages referenced in this index refer to the page numbers in the print edition. Clicking on a page number will take you to the ebook location that corresponds to the beginning of that page in the print edition. For a comprehensive list of locations of any word or phrase, use your reading system’s search function.
Page numbers in italics refer to graphs.
A
abortion, 271–73, 271, 272, 275
academic skills, 111
SAT scores, 63, 64
adolescence, 41, 42, 112
adulthood, 45–46, 113
advertisers, 195–97, 197, 200–201
AdvertisingAge, 7
Adweek, 46
Age, 89
alcohol, see drinking
allowances, 34–35, 35
Alter, Adam, 292
alone:
feeling, see loneliness
spending time, 28–29, 42, 74–75
American College Health Association (ACHA), 104
American Freshman (AF) Survey, 9, 103, 105, 220, 250, 252, 271
American Girls: Social Media and the Secret Lives of Teenagers (Sales), 2, 56, 86, 105, 106, 114, 215, 218, 291, 296
American Hookup (Wade), 211, 216
American Psychiatric Association, 108
Anosike, Chiamaka, 63
anxiety, 103, 104, 105, 108, 111, 112, 116, 118, 163, 167, 192, 257, 293, 300–302
Arab Spring, 175
Armstrong, Megan, 101
Arora, Shefali, 117
Atlantic, 111, 154, 161, 162, 164, 165, 252, 254
Avenue Q, 212
averages, in data, 14–15
Axler, Abraham, 276
B
Baby Boomers, 3, 6, 8, 9, 13, 149, 168, 169, 173–74, 196–98, 250, 273, 275, 277, 292
college as viewed by, 172–73
individualism and, 94
LGBT issues and, 228, 229
marijuana and, 148, 270, 271
and marriage and raising a family, 218–21, 224
politics and, 262, 283–84
race and, 241
reading and, 60
religion and, 124, 132
safety and, 28, 144, 152–53, 164, 165
social activity and, 74
and speed of growing up, 20, 24, 26, 28, 29, 40–41, 44
work and, 182–83, 186–88, 194
bars and nightclubs, 74
Baumeister, Roy, 89
Bell, Leslie, 215
Bennett, Courtney, 254
Beuger, Emilia, 286
Bilton, Nick, 292
birth control, 210
birthrates, 224–26
teen, 22–23, 23, 41, 209, 210
for unmarried mothers, 221, 225–26
Bishop, Faith Ann, 103
Bismire, Amy, 90
Black Lives Matter, 241, 253, 286
blame, for generational changes, 13–14
Blaze, 275
Blockbuster Video, 67
body image, 106, 297
books, 59–65, 61, 68, 115, 307
textbooks, 64–65, 171, 307–8
brain, 42–43, 88–89, 144, 295, 296
Bretzke, James, 124, 142
Brown, Michael, 241
Buchanan, Breeon, 278
bullying, 79, 85–88, 86, 99, 305–6
Bureau of Labor Statistics, 189
Bush, George W., 267
C
Campbell, Bradley, 159–60
capitalism, 277
Carmichael, Matt, 7
cars:
driving, see driving
owning, 197–98, 200
Castagnoli, Lorraine, 141
Catanese, Kate, 308
Center for Inquiry, 142
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 9, 23, 88, 111, 151–52, 225
Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, 9, 22, 37, 83, 84, 85, 86, 99, 114, 115, 117, 150, 150, 210
charities, 174–75, 174
Chemerinsky, Erwin, 253–54
child care, 275
children, having, 3, 40, 41, 214, 218–20, 220, 223–26
Christakis, Erika, 158
Christakis, Nicolas, 158–59
Church, Noah, 212–13
Church of St. Joseph, 119
CIRP Freshman Survey, 30, 32, 61, 122, 123, 131, 168, 172, 174
civic engagement, 173–77, 174, 176, 177, 281–82, 281, 286
see also politics
Clark, Marcia, 193
Clinton, Bill, 228, 267
Clinton, Hillary, 259, 260, 262–63, 280, 283
clothes, 198–99
cognitive behavioral therapy, 162
college, college students, 31–34, 40, 47, 60, 63, 302, 307–9
appeals to authorities and, 159–62
attitudes toward, 169–73, 170, 171, 172
costs and student loans, 185, 190, 277, 303, 310
and degree as necessity, 185
drinking and, 37–38, 302, 303
employment and, 189
gap year between high school and, 303–4
gender discrimination and, 192, 192, 193
government funding of, 275–77, 276
mental health issues and, 103–4, 104, 105, 117, 301, 303–4
politics and, 267–68
race and, 246, 248, 249, 258
relationships and, 204
safe spaces and, 47, 153–64, 173, 249–58
speech restrictions and, 249–58, 250, 253
community, see civic engagement
Cotter, David, 238
Crimes Against Children Research Center, 152
cultural change, 13–15, 24, 290
Current Population Survey, 225, 284
cutting (self-harm), 108–9, 302
cyberbullying, 79, 85–88, 86, 99, 305–6
Cyberbulling Research Center, 87
Cyrus, Miley, 233, 236
D
Daily Californian, 93
Daily Oklahoman, 118
Daily Show, The, 246
data, 8–13, 15
dating, 20–22, 21, 24, 39–41, 40, 74, 204, 206, 218
death penalty, 271, 272–73, 272
DeGeneres, Ellen, 228
demographics, 10–12, 25
depression, 3, 79, 81–84, 82, 87, 88, 93, 94, 99–113, 118, 167, 192, 208, 257, 293, 300–302
clinical-level, 107–10, 109, 302
in girls vs. boys, 102–3, 103
phones and social media and, 100, 101, 104, 105, 106, 111, 118, 291–92
rise in, 100, 104–5, 108, 111, 293
sleep and, 116, 117, 118
stigmatization of, 118
suicide, see suicide
Depression Cure, The (Ilardi), 300
developmental speed, 24–25, 42
in iGen, 3, 17–47, 112–13, 144, 159, 163–64, 204, 302–4
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM), 108
Douglas, Gabby, 87
Dove, Rachael, 199
drinking, 35–41, 36, 38, 40, 71, 74, 146–47, 303
binge, 37–38, 146, 147, 147, 148, 303
college and, 37–38, 302, 303
driving and, 37, 143, 145–46
safety and, 143–44, 146, 147, 148, 149
sex and, 216
Driscoll, Alyssa, 113
driving, 25–28, 26, 39–42, 40, 112, 303
drinking and, 37, 143, 145–46
safety and, 144–46, 145, 149, 165, 198
drugs, 38–39, 39, 148, 269
marijuana, see marijuana
E
emotional attachment, 216–17
emotional injury, 156–57, 167
emotional safety, 144, 153, 156, 157, 173, 253, 305–6
employment, see work
entrepreneurship, 186–87, 310
environmental regulations, 273–74, 274
equality, 3, 227–28, 249–50, 258, 275
income inequality, 3, 42, 195, 310
race and, 241–49, 242, 243, 244, 245, 247, 248
sexism, 192–93, 192, 250–51
see also LGBT issues
Esuf, Ilaf, 93
exclusion, 96–99, 97
see also loneliness
exercise, 84, 112, 300, 301
expectations, 94
extracurricular activities, 31, 32, 62
F
Facebook, 5, 54, 57, 78–80, 83, 101, 109, 294
fashion, 198–99
fault, for generational changes, 13–14
FBI, 150, 151, 151
Feldman, Corey, 27
fights, physical, 149–50
Finer & Philbin, 225
Finkelhor, David, 41
First Amendment, 250–53
Flanagan, Caitlin, 254
FOMO (Fear of Missing Out), 97
Forbes, 183, 186
Ford, Tyler, 236
Foundation for Individual Rights in Education (FIRE), 252, 253
Founders, 8
Fox, Claire, 153–54
Free-Range Kids (Skenazy), 166
Friedersdorf, Conor, 161
Fuller, Robert, 130
G
Gaines, Justice, 235–36
Gallop, Cindy, 213
Gallup Poll, 223, 242, 276
gaming, 58–59, 73, 189–90
gays and lesbians, see LGBT issues
gender discrimination and sexism, 192–93, 192, 250–51
gender roles, 235–40, 236, 237, 239, 240
General Social Survey (GSS), 9, 121, 124, 127, 131, 134, 137, 272, 279
on gender roles, 236, 237, 239, 240
on gun control, 272, 273
on LGBT issues, 229, 229, 230, 232
on politics, 261, 262, 269
on race, 247, 248
on sex, 205, 205, 207, 209
generational changes, 13–15, 25
Generation Me (Twenge), 4, 5, 8, 13
Generation X, 3–5, 6, 7–9, 13, 149, 168, 196, 250, 273
college as viewed by, 172–73
gender roles and, 240
homework and leisure time of, 31, 33
individualism and, 94
LGBT issues and, 229–30
and marriage and raising a family, 220, 221, 224
media and, 57, 60
politics and, 264–65, 281, 283–84
race and, 241
religion and, 124, 132
safety and, 28, 144, 164, 165
sex and, 206–8
social activity and, 70, 71, 74
and speed of growing up, 28, 29, 40–41, 44
work and, 182, 184, 186
Generation Y, 7
Generation Z, 7
Gillman, Howard, 253–54
Girls & Sex (Orenstein), 206, 210, 216
Go, Brian, 117
Goldstein, Richard, 152–53
government, 273–74, 274, 278–81, 279, 280, 281
education and, 275–77, 276
environment and, 273–74, 274
see also politics
Great Recession of 2007–2009, 4, 20, 30, 105, 168, 173, 174, 182, 188, 189, 191, 278, 307
Grootswagers, Lilian, 119
Guardian, 166
gun control, 266, 271, 272, 273–75
H
Haddad, Fadi, 108–9
Haidt, Jonathan, 154, 162, 252
Haim, Corey, 27
Hakala, Kate, 218
happiness and unhappiness, 77–79, 78, 80, 84, 85, 87, 94–95, 95, 292, 300–301
Harper’s Bazaar, 199
Harvard Crimson, 251
Haslam, Nick, 306
health care, 273–75
Hebert, Reese, 298
Herbenick, Debby, 214
Hirsi Ali, Ayaan, 252
Hoe, Nina, 304
Holleran, Madison, 107
Homelanders, 7
home ownership, 197
homework, 31–33, 62, 111, 112, 116
homicide, 87, 88, 150
honor, culture of, 159
Houseparty, 57, 295
Howard, Whitney, 110
Howe, Neil, 7
Huebner, Rachel, 251
Huffington Post, 66, 208, 210, 211
Hurst, Erik, 188, 189, 190
I
iGen, iGen’ers, 1–16, 6
birth year cutoffs for, 5–7
data on, 8–13, 15
demographics and, 10–12, 25
as growing up slowly,
3, 17–47, 112–13, 144, 159, 163–64, 204, 302–4
as label, 7–8
trends shaping, 3
understanding and saving, 289–313
Ilardi, Stephen, 300
Impulse Society, The: America in the Age of Instant Gratification (Roberts), 57, 293
inadequacy, feelings of, 100–102, 101
income inequality, 3, 42, 195, 310
independence, 112–13, 303
individualism, 2–3, 42, 94, 138, 139, 175–76, 176, 177, 200, 201, 204, 214, 216, 266, 275, 286
in-person social interaction, 3, 69–77, 72, 75, 80–81, 88–91, 98–99, 101, 104, 112, 116, 118, 210, 219, 256, 293, 299–301
Instagram, 2, 50, 53–57, 106–7, 109, 146, 292, 297, 312
Internet, 2–5, 7, 12, 50–52, 51, 52, 63, 68, 75–76, 75, 94, 169, 173, 290, 291, 297, 301
civic engagement and, 175–77, 176, 177, 286
news on, 285, 308
politics and, 286
pornography on, 206, 212–14, 298, 303
see also phones; social media
iPhone:
introduction of, 2, 5
see also phones
Irresistible (Alter), 292
J
James, Flannery, 215
Jenner, Caitlyn, 233–34, 236
Jennings, Jazz, 234
jobs, see work
Jobs, Steve, 292
Jones, Logan, 118
Joseph, Tyler, 113
Jungwirth, Briana, 225
K
Kelly-Woessner, April, 252
Kinnaman, David, 138–39, 140, 141
Kipnis, Laura, 156
L
Lagarde, Christine, 252
Lahren, Tomi, 275
Lapidos, Juliet, 5
latchkey kids, 28–29, 29
Lean In (Sandberg), 193
Leddy, Kate, 300
Lee, Alexandra, 296
left out, feeling, 96–99, 97
see also loneliness
Lego Movie, The, 94
LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender) issues, 227–35, 229, 230, 232, 240, 249, 256
bisexuality, 233
religion and, 125–26, 129, 138–40, 142, 231, 234–35
safe spaces and, 154
same-sex marriage, 129, 142, 227–32, 266, 275, 286
same-sex sexual experiences, 232–33, 232
transgender individuals, 125, 228, 233–35
libertarianism, 263, 266, 273–75, 278
License to Drive, 27
life goals, 167–68, 168
life history theory, 24, 27, 42
life satisfaction, 95–96, 96
life strategies, fast and slow, 24, 42
see also developmental speed
Lindsay, Ronald, 142
Liveris, Anthony, 229
locus of control, 191–92, 191
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