The Wisdom of Menopause

by Christiane Northrup

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  39. Wilson, R. S., et al. (2010). Cognitive activity and the cognitive morbidity of Alzheimer disease. Neurology, 75, 990–996.

  40. Jefferson, A. L. (2010). Cardiac index is associated with brain aging: The Framingham heart study. Circulation, 122, 690–697; Jefferson, A. L. (2010). Cardiac output as a potential risk factor for abnormal brain aging. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, 20, 813–821.

  41. Baldereschi, M., et al. (1998). Estrogen replacement therapy and Alzheimer’s disease in the Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Neurology, 50, 996–1002; Kawas, C., et al. (1997). A prospective study of estrogen replacement therapy and the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease: The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Neurology, 48, 1517–1521; Paganini-Hill, A., & Henderson, V. W. (1996). Estrogen replacement therapy and risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Arch Intern Med, 156 (19), 2213–2217; Tang, M. X., et al. (1996). Effect of oestrogen during menopause on risk and age at onset of Alzheimer’s disease. Lancet, 358, 429–432; Ohkura, V., et al. (1994). Evaluation of estrogen treatment in female patients with dementia of Alzheimer’s type. Endocrinol J, 41, 361–371; Henderson, V., et al. (1994). Estrogen replacement therapy in older women: Comparisons between Alzheimer’s disease cases and nondemented control subjects. Arch Neurol, 51, 896–900; Paganini-Hill, A., et al. (1994). Estrogen deficiency and risk of Alzheimer’s disease in women. Am J Epidemiol, 140, 256–261; Brenner, D. E., et al. (1994). Postmenopausal estrogen replacement therapy on the risk of Alzheimer’s disease: A population-based case control study. Am J Epidemiol, 140, 262–267; Honjo, H., et al. (1993). An effect of conjugated estrogen to cognitive impairment in women with senile dementia, Alzheimer’s type: A placebo-controlled double-blind study. J Jpn Menopause Soc, 1, 167–171; Kantor, H., et al. (1973). Estrogen for older women. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 116, 115–118; Caldwell, B. M. (1954). An evaluation of psychological effects of sex hormone administration in aged women. J Gerontol, 9, 168–174.

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7.

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  45. Rivera, C. M., et al. (2009). Increased mortality for neurological and mental diseases following early bilateral oophorectomy. Neuroepidemiology, 33, 32–40.

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  48. Loucks, T. L., & Berga, S. L. (2009). Does postmenopausal estrogen use confer neuroprotection? Semin Reprod Med, 27, 260–274.

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  51. Gibson, Q. E., et al. (1988). Reduced activities of thiamine dependent enzymes in the brains and peripheral tissues of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Arch Neurol, 45, 836–840.

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  54. Rovio, S., et al. (2005). Leisure-time physical activity at midlife and the risk of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. Lancet Neurol, 4 (11), 705–711.

  55. Erickson, K. I., & Kramer, A. F. (2009). Aerobic exercise effects on cognitive and neural plasticity in older adults. Br J Sports Med, 43, 22–24; Liu-Ambrose, T., et al. (2008). Otago home-based strength and balance retraining improves executive functioning in older fallers: A randomized controlled trial. J Am Geriatr Soc, 56, 1821–1830; M. Angevaren et al. (July 16, 2008). Physical activity and enhanced fitness to improve cognitive function in older people without known cognitive impairment. Cochrane Database of System Reviews, 2, CD005381.

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  Chapter 11: From Rosebud to Rose Hip

  1. Fisher, G. J., et al. (1997). Pathophysiology of premature skin aging induced by ultraviolet light. N Engl J Med, 337 (20), 1419–1428.

  2. Mosher, C. E., & Danoff-Burg, S. (2010). Addicti
on to indoor tanning: Relation to anxiety, depression, and substance use. Arch Dermatol, 146, 412–417.

  3. Cosgrove, M. C., et al. (2007). Dietary nutrient intakes and skin-aging appearance among middle-aged American women. Am J Clin Nutr, 86, 1225–1231.

  4. Van Scott, E. J., & Yu, R. J. (1989). Alpha hydroxy acids: Procedures for use in clinical practice. Cutis, 43 (3), 222–228.

  5. Van Scott, E. J., & Yu, R. J. (1984). Hyperkeratinization, corneocyte cohesion, and alpha hydroxy acids. J Am Acad Dermatol, 11 (5 pt. 1), 867–879; Stiller, M. J., et al. (1996). Topical 8% glycolic acid and 8% L-lactic acid creams for the treatment of photodamaged skin: A double-blind vehiclecontrolled clinical trial. Arch Dermatol, 132 (6), 631–636.

  6. Steenvoorden, D. P., & van Henegouwen, G. M. (1997). The use of endogenous antioxidants to improve photoprotection. J Photochem Photobiol B, 41 (1–2), 1–10.

  7. Fuchs, J., & Kern, H. (1998). Modulation of UV-light-induced skin inflammation by D-alpha-tocopherol and L-ascorbic acid: A clinical study using solar simulated radiation. Free Radic Biol Med, 25 (9), 1006–1012; Steenvoorden, D. P., & Beijersbergen van Henegouwen, G. (1999). Protection against UV-induced systemic immunosuppression in mice by a single topical application of the antioxidant vitamins C and E. Int J Radiat Biol, 75 (6), 747–755.