Cults Inside Out: How People Get in and Can Get Out

by Rick Alan Ross

  1145 “Captive Minds: Hypnosis and Beyond.” Documentary. Directed by Pierre Lasry. Montreal: National Film Board of Canada, 1983. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mQC0nFfp2nc&index=1&list=PL2D64B3CB3D593ACF (accessed May 22, 2014).

  1146 “Escaping the Bhagwan,” The Age (Sydney), April 11, 2009.

  1147 Murray Sayle, “Nerve Gas and the Four Noble Truths,” New Yorker, April 1, 1996.

  1148 “Hare Krishna Plan OK’d by U.S. Court,” Associated Press, May 24, 2005.

  1149 Cambridge Dictionaries Online, “market saturation,” accessed May 29, 2014 http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/business-english/market-saturation.

  1150 Cary Spivak, “Study Concludes Wisconsin Casino Market Is Saturated,” Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, September 27, 2012.

  1151 Dan Margolies, “Lawsuit Contends Amway’s Profits Come Mostly out of Distributors’ Pockets,” Kansas City Star, August 12, 2003.

  1152 Jayne O’Donnell, “Motivational Marketing or Pyramid? Sales People Find it Hard to Earn Much,” USA Today, February 10, 2011, http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/money/industries/retail/2011-02-07-multilevelmarketing03_CV_N.htm.

  1153 Chris Knape, “Amway Agrees to Pay $56 Million, Settles Case Alleging It Operated a ‘Pyramid Scheme,’” Michigan Live, November 3, 2010.

  1154 Robert Jay Lifton, Thought Reform and the Psychology of Totalism (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2012), 429.

  1155 Dan Hansen, “Chasing The Dream: Amway Culture Has Own Vocabulary Glossary Offers Gateway Into Corporate Language,” Spokesman-Review (Spokane, WA), October 13, 1996.

  1156 Ibid.

  1157 Ibid.

  1158 Ibid.

  1159 Ibid.

  1160 Lifton, Thought Reform and the Psychology of Totalism, 420–422.

  1161 Ibid., 427–429.

  1162 Robert B. Cialdini, Influence: Science and Practice (Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon, 2001).

  1163 Ibid., 117.

  1164 Ibid.

  1165 Ibid., 163.

  1166 Ibid., 208.

  1167 Ibid., 210.

  1168 Ibid., 66.

  1169 Ibid.

  1170 Ibid.

  1171 Benjamin D. Zablocki, “Exit Cost Analysis: A New Approach to the Scientific Study of Brainwashing,” Nova Religion 2, no. 1 (1998): 219.

  1172 Robert Jay Lifton, “Cult Formation,” Harvard Mental Health Letter, February 1981.

  1173 Benjamin D. Zablocki, “Exit Cost Analysis: A New Approach to the Scientific Study of Brainwashing,” Nova Religion 2, no. 1 (1998).

  1174 Ibid., 219.

  1175 Margaret Singer, Cults in Our Midst (San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 1996), 270.

  1176 Ibid., 188.

  1177 Flo Conway and Jim Siegelman, Snapping: America’s Epidemic of Sudden Personality Change, 2nd ed. (New York: Stillpoint Press, 2005), 187.

  1178 Ibid., 191.

  1179 Ibid., 192.

  1180 Ibid., 193.

  1181 Ibid.

  1182 Ibid., 191.

  1183 Cathleen Mann, e-mail message to author, May 21, 2013.

  1184 M. Galanter, “Unification Church 9 ‘Moonie’ Dropouts: Psychological Readjustment after Leaving a Charismatic Religious Group,” American Journal of Psychiatry 140 (1983): 984–989.

  1185 Conway and Siegelman, Snapping: America’s Epidemic of Sudden Personality Change, 199.

  1186 Paul R. Martin, “Post-Cult Symptoms as Measured by the MCMI before and after Residential Treatments,” Cultic Studies Journal 9, no. 2 (1992): 219–250.

  1187 Conway and Siegelman, Snapping: America’s Epidemic of Sudden Personality Change, 199.

  1188 Mann, e-mail message to author.

  1189 Singer, Cults in Our Midst, 295.

  1190 Margaret Singer, “Coming Out of Cults,” Psychology Today, January 1979.

  1191 Mann, e-mail message to author.

  1192 “About Jan Groenveld,” Cult Awareness and Information Centre (CAIC), http://www.culthelp.info/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2&Itemid=3(accessed May 28, 2014).

  1193 “What Is CAIC,” Cult Awareness and Information Centre (CAIC), http://www.culthelp.info/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=3&Itemid=4 (accessed May 28, 2014).

  1194 Jan Groenveld, “It Hurts,” Cult Awareness and Information Centre (CAIC), http://www.culteducation.com/group/17915-it-hurts.html (accessed May 28, 2014).

  1195 Andrew Gumbel, “‘A Cult Is like Abusive Relationship…You Are Trapped, like a Caged Animal,’” The Independent (London), March 20, 2000.

  1196 Dorie Clark, “Where Have All the Krishnas Gone?” Boston Phoenix, February 2, 2001.

  1197 Nori Muster, Betrayal of the Spirit: My Life behind the Headlines of the Hare Krishna Movement (Champaigne, IL: University of Illinois Press, 2001).

  1198 Sujor Dhar, “Sex, Drugs, Embezzlement Chant Today’s Hare Krishna,” Asian Times Online, July 25, 2001, http://atimes.com/ind-pak/CG25Df05.html (accessed May 29, 2014).

  1199 Jayanti Tamm, “Leaving a Cult,” Washington Post, April 2, 2009.

  1200 Jayanti Tamm, Cartwheels in a Sari: A Memoir of Growing Up Cult (New York: Harmony, 2009).

  1201 Groenveld, “It Hurts.”

  1202 Colin Gustafson, “Greenwich Native Calls Chinmoy’s Ministry a ‘Cult,’” Greenwich Time (Greenwich, CT), June 12, 2009.

  1203 Conway and Siegelman, Snapping: America’s Epidemic of Sudden Personality Change, 197.

  1204 Ibid.

  1205 Ibid.

  1206 Singer, Cults in Our Midst, 296.

  1207 Ibid., 297.

  1208 Mann, e-mail message to author.

  1209 Martin, “Post-Cult Symptoms as Measured by the MCMI before and after Residential Treatments,” 219–250.

  1210 Ibid.

  1211 Singer, Cults in Our Midst, 296.

  1212 Scott O. Lilienfeld, Steven Jay Lynn, and Jeffrey M. Lohr, Science and Pseudoscience in Clinical Psychology (New York: Wiley, 2004).

  1213 Mann, e-mail message to author.

  1214 Ibid., 300–301.

  1215 Ibid., 304.

  1216 Groenveld, “It Hurts.”

  1217 Ibid., 319.

  1218 Ibid., 323.

  1219 Ibid., 324.

  1220 Ibid., 332.

  1221 Martin, “Post-Cult Symptoms as Measured by the MCMI before and after Residetial Treatments.”

  1222 Groenveld, “It Hurts.”

  1223 Nanette Morges, “Growing Up Cult in Connecticut,” The Hour (Norwalk, CT), July 14, 2009.