Russians Among Us
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Bamford, James, 371
Banks, Arron, 329
Barsky, Jack, 47
Bearden, Milton, 19–21, 50, 53, 71, 118
Belgium, 326–27
Bellingcat, 387
Berezovsky, Boris, 65–66, 108–10, 141, 155, 157–58, 159, 174
Chapman and, 143, 148
death of, 164
flight to UK, 110
murder attempts on, 65, 163–64
Bezrukov, Andrey “Donald Heathfield,” 23–24, 25–32, 33, 35–39, 41–44, 47, 61–68, 69, 71, 92, 96, 119–28, 136, 144, 188, 202, 210, 211, 223–28, 230, 290, 325, 363, 364, 375, 394
adjusting to return to Russia, 308–9
arrest of, 263–65
arrival in America, 66
arrival in Canada, 41–42
attitude toward Americans, 127–28
background of, 27
building of cover, 42–43
contacts with family, 62–63
division of labor with wife, 125–26
employment of (Russia), 310
employment of (US), 43, 61, 119–20
hearing and detainment of, 283–84
info tasks and, 127
on life as an illegal, 310–12, 396
Metsos and, 189
mission of, 66
names of contacts relayed by, 121–24
in Paris, 64
patriotism of, 27
planned visit to Moscow, 237
Poteyev and, 175, 317–18, 392
recruitment of, 30
risks posed by contacts, 223
Russian never spoken by, 64
source of false identity, 25
surveillance of, 67–68, 83–84, 104, 123–24
training of, 32, 209
on US election of 2016, 369–70
weddings of, 31–32
Biden, Joe, 3, 242
Bigot, Yves, 348–49
biometrics, 136–37, 138, 144, 397
Birmingham University, 112
birth certificates, 26, 27, 83, 92, 129, 136, 192, 324
Black Lives Matter, 359
Blacktivist (Facebook page), 359
Blowing Up Russia (Litvinenko), 155
Boeing, 186
Bombardier, 331–32
Borisnovna, Yelena “Laurie Lambert,” 29
Boston Marathon bombing, 336, 423n
bots, 359
Boyd, Dean, 272
Braithwaite, Rodric, 401n
Brexit, 369, 388
British Secret Service, 383
brush contacts, 130, 184, 197, 211
Buckshot Yankee (code name), 347
bugs/bugging, 98–99, 104, 332
Bulatov, Alex, 336
Buryakov, Evgeny “Zhenya,” 330–34, 367
Bush, George W., 135, 222
Butina, Maria, 371–77, 378
cadre illegals, 144, 145, 418n
Calderon, Felipe, 67
Cambridge spies, 33, 124–25, 218, 223, 394
Cameron, David, 163
Camilleri, Nicholas, 142–43
Canada
Bezrukov/Vavilova arrival in, 41–42
(Alex) Foley’s application for passport, 313
as launching pad for illegals, 42, 324, 404n
Canadian Security and Intelligence Service, 227
Carter, Edwin (Litvinenko cover name), 159
Carter, Jimmy, 354
Cascade (task force), 71
Caucasus, 179
Center for Strategic and International Studies, 226
Chapman, Alex, 133–34, 135, 138–39, 142, 143, 148, 296–97, 316–17, 370
Chapman, Anna, 7, 165, 211, 254–61, 308, 309, 327, 328–29, 330, 372, 374, 375, 378
arrest of, 261
background of, 133–34
British citizenship revoked, 295
charges against, 281
commencement of spy work, 143–44
employment of, 202
father of, 138–39, 255–56
FBI undercover trap, 248–52
“honey trap” portrayal of, 145–47
lack of training, 209
life in Russia, 315–17
marriage of, 134
Mysteries of the World, 316
networking skills of, 202–3, 210
planned visit to Russia, 237
police interview, 259–60
social rise of, 142–43
surveillance of, 204–9, 254–60
testimony at Poteyev’s trial, 317
in the UK, 133–48
in the US, 201–9
Vienna spy swap and, 291, 295, 296–97
Chávez, Hugo, 88
Chechnya, 65, 90, 108, 110, 135, 155, 171
Cheka, 18, 107
Cherapanov, Sergei “Henry Frith,” 321–23
Chernobyl nuclear disaster, 396
children of illegals
arrests and charging of parents, 282–83
boarding schools for, 62
dilemma posed by, 43, 62, 224–28
life in Russia, 302–3, 309
Vienna spy swap and, 289
China, 73, 210–11, 212
Christofias, Demetris, 272–73
CIA, 9, 66, 74, 234, 285, 306–7, 344, 345, 357, 366–67
Aghanistan and, 71
FBI briefing of about illegals, 229
FBI tension with, 76–77
MI6 compared with, 34, 403n
Mitrokhin and, 46–47
moles in, 50, 51–59
9/11 attacks and, 135, 136
Obama briefing and, 239–44
Poteyev and, 170, 174, 235, 237, 257, 392
protection for defectors and, 391–92
in Russia, 11, 48–49, 50, 170–72
Russian coup of 1991 and, 12, 17, 18, 19–21
Russian protests blamed on, 339–40
Snowden and, 342
Torshin and, 372
training in spotting surveillance, 8
Tretyakov and, 304
version of illegals, 34–35
Vienna spy swap and, 2, 275–80, 285, 295, 300
Zaporozhsky and, 114, 115, 279
Clinton, Hillary, 231, 238, 242, 340
election of 2016 and, 353, 362–63, 364, 365, 366, 369
Patricof and, 220–21, 270
Putin’s grudge against, 363
Clinton, William “Bill,” 108, 353
cold-pitching, 116
Cold War, 3, 6, 13–14, 33, 35, 62, 75, 86, 166, 240, 242, 307, 324, 367, 369, 390
active measures in, 357
continued hold of mind-set, 8
end of, 5, 7, 45, 138, 344–45, 346
honey traps in, 146
“new,” 9
nostalgia for, 179–80
political warfare in, 361
spy swaps in, 16, 278–79
traitors assassinated during, 387
Vienna during, 294
winning, Western view of, 47
collection bias, 362
Color Revolutions, 178, 340
Columbia Business School, 220
Columbia University, 73, 218–19, 223
communism, 16, 22, 30, 76, 215, 361
Communist Party (Russia), 12, 13, 18
Computer Institute of Canada, 43
Concord, 360
co-optees, 376, 379, 391
counterintelligence, 55–56, 77, 81, 95–96, 207
counterterrorism, 76, 136, 207, 345, 386
coup of 1991 (Russia), 12–21, 43, 45, 58, 346, 367
covert searches, 83–84, 91, 96–97, 100
Crimea, 304, 344
Cristianofootballer, 326
CrowdStrike, 365
cutouts, 192, 377, 391
Cyber Caliphate, 349–50
cyber espionage, 346–51
cyber illegals. See new illegals
Cyprus, 271–73
dangles, 53, 55, 220, 285
dead doubles, 27, 86, 94, 136, 395
dead drops, 173, 174, 178, 185
, 259, 391
dead-letter boxes, 322, 379
declining assets, 382
Defense Intelligence Agency, 222
de Jesus Amurett Graf, Antonio, 234
Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee (DCCC), 364
Democratic National Committee (DNC), 220, 351, 364–65, 369
Democratic National Convention, 365
Department of Justice (DOJ), 239, 300
DesLauriers, Richard, 228
Diplomacy Project, 372
diplomatic cover, 45, 141, 389, 390
diplomatic immunity, 15, 334
Directorate ER, 330
Directorate S, 16, 25, 29, 45, 62, 82, 86, 138, 146, 175, 233, 235, 248, 309, 322, 324
arrests of illegals and, 271
Department 1, 183, 191
Department 2, 26–27, 358
Department 3, 28
Department 4, 79, 169, 271, 333
Department 8, 70, 387
Department 9, 169
Department 10, 378
9/11 attacks and, 136
Putin’s praise of, 397
secrecy of work, 15
shift from illegals to agents, 144–45
source of name, 403n
Special Reserve Officers of, 182–83, 184, 191
Zenit teams, 70–71
DNA databases, 137
DNC. See Democratic National Committee
Donilon, Tom, 241, 244
Donovan, James, 16
DOUGLAS, 226
Downing, Jack, 51
Drozdov, S. Yuri, 15–17, 38, 62, 71
Dudochkin, Viktor, 257
Dzerzhinsky, Felix, 17–18, 21, 22, 107
East Germany, 16, 18–19, 34
Egypt, 341
elections (US)
2008, 127, 352
2016, 353, 354, 356, 362–70, 372–73, 379
Enigma, 175
Estonia, 234, 347, 361
European Union (EU), 234, 273, 323, 325, 327, 329, 344, 361
Evanina, Bill, 236, 394
Evening Standard, 307
executions, 33, 52
Facebook, 344, 349, 355, 358, 359, 363–64, 368–69, 380
Fair, Craig, 236, 258
fake news, 357
false flag operations, 183, 248, 350
family illegals, 134, 138, 144, 281–82, 376
Farr, Charles, 80, 368
FBI, 5, 55, 78, 276, 301, 345, 361, 367, 368
armory of techniques, 96
Bezrukov/Vavilova and, 67–68, 83–84, 104, 123–24, 263–65
Buryakov and, 331, 333–34
Butina and, 371–72, 373, 374, 375
Chapman and, 204–9, 248–52, 254–60
CIA briefied about illegals by, 229
CIA tension with, 76–77
cold-pitching in, 116
final phase of investigation of illegals, 229–31, 235–36, 237
Karetnikov and, 212
Kutsik/Pereverzeva and, 222–23, 269–70
Metsos and, 182, 183, 184–87, 189, 271, 413n
Mitrokhin and, 47
Murphy and, 91–92, 93, 95, 98, 99–105, 129–30, 193–96, 198–200, 207–8, 214, 216, 265–69, 296
new tactics of illegals and, 378–79
9/11 attacks and, 135, 136
Obama briefing and, 239–44
Pelaez and, 84–85, 88, 90, 270
Podobnyy and, 336
Poteyev and, 76–78, 118, 169–70, 174, 175, 233, 235
protection for defectors and, 391
Russian diplomats studied by, 74–75
Semenko and, 210, 211, 252–54, 258, 269
Special Surveillance Group, 68
Sporyshev and, 330, 332
SVR rezidentura wired by, 332
SVR tracking unit of, 93–94
Vasekov and, 88, 90, 270, 281
Vienna spy swap and, 1–2, 291, 294–95, 297, 300
Federal Plaza, 77
Figliuzzi, Frank, 221, 230
First Chief Directorate of KGB, 13, 14, 19, 22, 45. See also SVR
flash meetings, 193, 194, 197
Florida for Trump (Facebook account), 363–64
Foley, Alex, 67, 126–27, 224–26, 228, 283
birth of, 62
grandparents of, 62–63, 314
life in Russia, 308, 309, 312–14
new name of, 313
parents’ arrest and, 263, 264
US citizenship taken by, 224
Vienna spy swap and, 289–90
Foley, Edward, 25
Foley, Pauline, 25
Foley, Timothy, 67, 126–27, 224–26
alleged induction into parents’ espionage, 227–28
birth of, 43, 410n
Canadian identity of, 224
grandparents of, 62–63, 314
life in Russia, 309, 312–14
new name of, 313
parents’ arrest and, 263, 264
Vienna spy swap and, 289–90
Foley, Tracey Lee Ann, 25, 270. See also Vavilova, Elena
forgers, 26–27
Forthwith (Skripal’s code name), 81
Fradkov, Mikhail, 275–78, 285, 306, 318
France, 73, 348–50
Frith, Henry. See Cherapanov, Sergei
FSB, 55, 58, 65, 115, 147, 158, 169, 171, 177, 330, 376, 389
American diplomat accused of spying by, 341
array of tricks used by, 171–72
corruption in, 108–9
creation of, 22
cyber attacks by, 347, 350
killing of terrorists and extremists permitted in, 162
Litvinenko in, 150, 153
Lugovoi and, 161
merge with SVR considered, 306
positive stories on, 395–96
Poteyev and, 257, 317
Putin as head of, 107–9, 111, 155
scale of resources, 172
St. Petersburg University and, 327–28
Vienna spy swap and, 286
Fuerth, Leon, 123
Fusion GPS, 368
Future Map, 120
G-7, 128
G20 (summit), 240, 255
Gaddafi, Muammar, 338–39
Gates, Bill, 413n
Gates, Robert, 242–43, 244
Gazprom, 310, 334, 335, 367
GCHQ, 342, 349–50, 351
Georgetown University, 226
George Washington University, 223, 227
Georgia (Soviet), 178, 179, 340, 347
Gerard, Eunan Doherty, 197
Gerasimov, Valery, 343
Gerasimov doctrine, 343
Germany, 16, 73, 323, 324–26, 343. See also East Germany
ghosts, 8–9, 68, 396
Ghost Stories, 231, 235–36, 327, 333, 345, 354, 376, 390, 394, 395, 396–97
CIA briefed on, 229
long-term effects of, 323–24
naming of, 94
Obama briefed on, 239–44
risks to, 255
Global Partners Inc., 119–20
Glushkov, Nikolai, 157
“going black,” 11, 172, 173, 185
“going native,” 37, 215
Google, 212
Gorbachev, Mikhail, 12, 17, 19, 22, 334
Gore, Al, 123
“great illegals,” 124–25
Greene, Graham, 294
GRU, 71–72
cyber attacks by, 348, 350, 351, 364–65
Skripal and, 79, 81, 176, 383, 384, 386–87, 388–89
GSG9, 324
Guccifer 2.0, 377
gun-rights issue, 373, 374
Guryev family, 225. See also Murphy
hack-and-leak operations, 365, 369
hacking, 347, 348, 355, 364–66, 377
Halal, William, 120
Hall, Steve, 135
Hampel, Paul, 191–92
Hancock, Mike, 328, 329
Hanssen, Robert, 78, 116–18, 278, 279, 306
Harry, Prince, 142
Harvard University, 66–67
&
nbsp; Hayden, Michael, 127
Heathfield, Donald Howard Graham, 25, 83, 270. See also Bezrukov, Andrey
Heathfield, Howard William, 25, 83
Heathfield, Shirley, 25, 83
Henry, Shawn, 365
Herrmann, Peter, 226
Herrmann, Rudolf “DOUGLAS,” 226
Hoffman, Dan, 285, 287–88, 293, 298
homosexuality, 146
honey traps, 145–47, 332
hook, the, 75, 171
Hopkins, Cynthia. See Murphy, Cynthia
House of Cards (television program), 340–41, 359
Hudson Institute, 226
hybrid warfare, 343, 344, 346, 360, 362
identity theft and creation, 25–27, 44, 136, 182, 326–27, 363
identity transfer, 172
illegals, 5–9
adjusting to return to Russia, 308–10
arrests of, 6, 263–69, 301–2
cadre, 144, 145, 418n
changing roles and tactics of, 7–8, 230–31, 336
children of (see children of illegals)
communications with home base, 89
cost of, 32, 307, 323, 325
coup of 1991 and, 16
current status of, 394–98
debriefing of, 302–3
departure for new life, 38–39
executions of, 33
family, 134, 138, 144, 281–82, 376
“great,” 124–25
growing risk posed by establishing, 212
guilty pleas of, 290–91
history of development, 32–34
identity crises in, 215–16
impact of new technology and practices on, 136–38
importance of details in lives of, 63, 84
isolation of, 36
kurators of, 26
lifestyle of new country learned by, 36–37
limitations on, 145
long hours worked by, 63–64
marriage in, 29, 30
money delivery to, 184–88, 192–200
motto of, 397
new (see new illegals)
new ways of, 371–80
oath sworn by, 38, 403n
perceived value of and pride in, 15, 16–17, 33–34, 128, 278, 301, 395–96
politics as target of (see political information; political warfare)
purpose and duties of, 35
Putin and, 8, 34, 111, 301–4, 395, 397
recruitment of, 28, 122–25, 218–19
relationships as a problem in, 28–29
skills needed by, 28
Special Agent, 138, 147, 209, 330, 395, 418n
speculation on betrayal of, 306
training of, 32
Traveling, 182, 189, 418n
True Name, 134, 138, 211, 330, 418n
Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), 269
info tasks, 127, 216
Instagram, 355, 358
internet, 341–43, 354–61, 380, 390–91
cyber espionage and, 346–51
hacking and, 347, 348, 355, 364–66, 377
social media, 355–61, 366, 368–69
Internet Research Agency (IRA), 354–58, 359, 363, 364, 377, 380
invisible ink, 88–89, 376
Iran, 17, 216, 239, 242
Iraq, 88, 162, 276