21. Richard Pérez-Peña and Motoko Rich, “Preschool Push Moving Ahead in Many States,” The New York Times, February 3, 2014.
22. Dorothy Tucker, “Chicago Expanding Pre-K Programs for Next Fall,” CBS Chicago, April 24, 2014; Elizabeth A. Harris and Kate Taylor, “51,000 Answer de Blasio’s Bell for New Pre-K,” The New York Times, September 4, 2014.
23. Raj Chetty, Nathaniel Hendren, Patrick Kline, and Emmanuel Saez, “Where Is the Land of Opportunity? The Geography of Inequality,” National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper 19843, June 2014.
24. David Leonhardt, “In Climbing Income Ladder, Location Matters,” The New York Times, July 22, 2013.
25. Kirk Johnson, “Targeting Inequality, This Time on Public Transit,” The New York Times, February 28, 2015.
26. Editorial Board, “Can New York Be Affordable Again?,” The New York Times, February 6, 2015; Editorial Board, “Yes to Housing in Our Backyards,” The New York Times, August 29, 2014; Editorial Board, “Mr. de Blasio’s Moon Shot,” The New York Times, May 5, 2014; Editorial Board, “Setting Up a Better Domino Plan,” The New York Times, March 4, 2014; Editorial Board, “New York’s Affordable Housing Shortage,” The New York Times, February 7, 2014; Monique Madan, “$350 Million for New York’s Affordable Housing Effort,” The New York Times, July 30, 2014.
27. Pope Francis, Apostolic Exhortation, pp. 3, 31–39.
28. Ibid., pp. 45–46.
29. Ibid., pp. 45–46, 164.
30. Ibid., p. 47.
31. Ibid., p. 160.
32. Ibid., pp. 44–45.
33. Ibid., pp. 61, 164.
34. Ibid., p. 61.
35. Ibid., pp. 55–56.
36. Ibid., pp. 161–64.
37. Ibid., p. 161.
38. Robert D. Putnam, Our Kids: The American Dream in Crisis (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2015), pp. 77, 231–32.
39. Jasmine Garsd, “Pope Francis Says Catholics Don’t Need to Breed ‘Like Rabbits,’” NPR, January 20, 2015; Andrew J. Cherlin, Labor’s Love Lost: The Rise and Fall of the Working-Class Family in America (New York: Russell Sage, 2014), pp. 179–82; Isabel V. Sawhill and Joanna Venator, “Part 3: Changing the Default to Improve Families’ Opportunity,” The Brookings Institution, Social Mobility Memos, October 20, 2014.
40. Putnam, Our Kids, pp. 75–76, 243; “‘Red’ States Have Higher Divorce Rates Than ‘Blue’ States, And Here’s Why,” Huffington Post, January 21, 2014; Cherlin, Labor’s Love Lost, p. 179.
41. Isabel V. Sawhill and Joanna Venator, “Part 3: Changing the Default to Improve Families’ Opportunity,” The Brookings Institution, October 20, 2014.
42. Ibid; Putnam, Our Kids, p. 245.
43. Emily Cuddy and Richard V. Reeves, “Teen Moms: The Difference Two Years and a Diploma Make,” The Brookings Institution, August 18, 2014.
44. Ron Haskins, “Social Programs That Work,” The New York Times, December 31, 2014.
45. Putnam, Our Kids, p. 247.
46. Ibid, p. 246.
47. “The Economic Impact of S.744, The Border Security, Economic Opportunity, and Immigration Modernization Act,” Congressional Budget Office, June 2013, p. 1; Jeffrey Passel, D’Vera Cohn, and Ana Gonzalez-Barrera, “Population Decline of Unauthorized Immigrants Stalls, May Have Reversed,” Pew Research Center, September, 23, 2013; U.S. Senate, Border Security, Economic Opportunity, and Immigration Modernization Act, 113th Cong., 1st sess., 2013, S.744; American Immigration Council, “Guide to S.744: Understanding the 2013 Senate Immigration Bill,” Immigration Policy Center, July 2013.
48. U.S. Senate, Border Security, Economic Opportunity, and Immigration Modernization Act; American Immigration Council, “Guide to S.744.”
49. “The Economic Impact of S.744,” pp. 3, 12–14.
50. U.S. Chamber of Commerce, Issues, Immigration, accessed February 12, 2015, https://www.uschamber.com/immigration.
51. Susan Lund, James Manyika, Scott Nyquist, Lenny Mendonca, and Sreenivas Ramaswamy, “Game Changers: Five Opportunities for U.S. Growth and Renewal,” McKinsey Global Institute, p. 15.
52. “2013 Report Card for America’s Infrastructure,” American Society of Civil Engineers, March 2013; “2009 Report Card for American Infrastructure,” American Society of Civil Engineers, March 25, 2009.
53. World Economic Forum 2015 competitiveness rankings, accessed Feb. 22, 2015. http://reports.weforum.org/global-competitiveness-report-2014-2015/rankings/.
54. Chris Mooney, “The Gas Tax Has Been Fixed at 18 Cents for Two Decades. Now Would Be a Great Time to Raise It,” The Washington Post, December 3, 2014.
55. James Carville and Stanley B. Greenberg, It’s the Middle Class, Stupid! (New York: Blue Rider Press, Penguin Group, 2012), Kindle location 3811; Adam Hersh and Sarah Ayres, “New Ryan Budget Disinvests in America,” Center for American Progress, March 20, 2009.
56. “Game Changers,” p. 15.
57. Remarks by Thomas J. Donohue, president and CEO of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, on the state of American business, delivered January 12, 2012; Leo Hindery and Leo Gerard, “The Task Force on Job Creation: A Vision for Economic Renewal,” New America Foundation, July 2011, pp. 42–43.
58. Congresswoman Rosa L. DeLauro, comments, New America Foundation I-Bank event, “A Bank to Renew America,” June 8, 2011.
59. H.R. 402: National Infrastructure Development Bank Act of 2011, 112th Cong. First Session, sponsored by Congresswoman Rosa DeLauro.
60. “Pre-K to 12 Education Policy,” U.S. Chamber of Commerce, August 4, 2010.
61. Jennifer Steinhauer, “Cuts to Head Start Show Challenge of Fiscal Restraint,” The New York Times, March 10, 2011; Adrienne Lu, “Head Start Hit with Worst Cuts in Its History,” USA Today, August 20, 2013.
62. Caitlin Emma and Philip Ewing, “Obama Fund Binds Pre-K, Defense Money,” Politico, February 28, 2014; David Brooks, “When Families Fail,” The New York Times, February 14, 2013; Caitlin Emma, “Business Community Urging Action on Pre-K Plan,” Politico, September 24, 2013.
63. “13 Things That Business Can Do to Support Early Childhood Education,” Center for Education and Workforce, U.S. Chamber of Commerce Foundation, August 7, 2014.
64. Josh Baugh, “Seven Chambers Backing Pre-K Proposal,” My San Antonio, September 13, 2012.
65. Kimberly Howard and Richard V. Reeves, “Early Childhood Achievement Gaps and Social Mobility (Part 3),” The Brookings Institution, September 26, 2013.
66. Darrell M. West, Billionaires: Reflections on the Upper Crust (Washington, D.C.: The Brookings Institution, 2014), Kindle location 282.
67. Derek Willis, “Super PACs Are Gobbling Up Even More Power, Jeb Bush Edition,” The New York Times, April 21, 2015.
68. Thomas Beaumont, “Jeb Bush Prepares to Turn Key Campaign Functions Over to Super PAC,” Associated Press, April 21, 2015; Jeremy Diamond, “Network of Cruz Super PACs Boasts Big Haul,” CNN, April 8, 2015; M. J. Lee and Jeremy Diamond, “Ted Cruz Super PACs: A New Era of Political Fundraising,” CNN, April 9, 2015; Tribune wire reports, “Super PAC Formed to Help Wisconsin’s Scott Walker in 2016 Campaign,” Chicago Tribune, April 16, 2015; Ed O’Keefe, “Marco Rubio Gets a Super PAC,” The Washington Post, April 9, 2015.
69. Emily Badger, “Why Early Voting Is About So Much More Than Convenience,” The Washington Post, September 30, 2014.
70. Thomas B. Edsall, “Milking the Money Machine,” The New York Times, July 22, 2014.
71. West, Billionaires, Kindle location 208.
72. Joseph E. Stiglitz, “Democracy in the Twenty-first Century,” Project Syndicate, September 1, 2014, p. 31.
73. Paul Lewis, “Hillary Clinton Signals Break with Past In Iowa Call to End ‘Uncontrolled Money,’” The Guardian, April 14, 2015; Conversation with John Podesta, April 21, 2015.
74. The battleground states include: New Hampshire, Iowa, Colorado, Nevada, Florida, Ohio, Pennsylvania, North Carolina, Wisconsin, and Michigan.
75. Joseph E. Stiglitz, “Democracy in the Twe
nty-first Century,” Project Syndicate, September 1, 2014.
76. Remarks of Congresswoman Rosa DeLauro, “Financing Infrastructure in Tough Times,” delivered at the CT Voices State Budget Forum, Hartford, Connecticut, January 12, 2012.
77. Richard Burkhauser, Jeff Larrimore, and Kosali Simon, “A ‘Second Opinion’ on the Economic Health of the American Middle Class,” NBER Working Paper Series, June 2011.
78. Stiglitz, “Democracy,” p. 114; Thomas Piketty, Capital in the Twenty-first Century (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, March 2014), p. 498.
79. Neil Irwin, “Obama’s Tax Proposal Is Really About Shaping the Democratic Party After Obama,” The New York Times, January 18, 2015; Thomas B. Edsall, “Can Capitalists Save Capitalism?,” The New York Times, January 20, 2015; Lawrence H. Summers and Ed Balls, “Report of the Commission on Inclusive Prosperity,” Center for American Progress, January 15, 2015, p. 124; Thomas B. Edsall, “Establishment Populism Rising,” The New York Times, March 4, 2015.
80. Ezra Klein, “The Doom Loop of Oligarchy,” Vox, April 11, 2014.
81. Coral Davenport, “Industry Awakens to Threat of Climate Change,” The New York Times, January 23, 2014; Coral Davenport, “President’s Drive for Carbon Pricing Fails to Win at Home,” The New York Times, September 27, 2014.
82. “The Budget and Economic Outlook: 2015 to 2025,” Congressional Budget Office, January 2015, p. 92; graphs from the Office of Congressman Chris Van Hollen, “The Budget: Democratic vs. Republican Approaches to Growing the Economy and Paychecks,” February 2015.
83. Lawrence H. Summers and Ed Balls, “Report of the Commission on Inclusive Prosperity,” Center for American Progress, January 15, 2015, p. 124.
84. Graphs from the Office of Congressman Chris Van Hollen; Lori Montgomery and Paul Kane, “Democrats, in a Stark Shift in Messaging, to Make Big Tax-Break Pitch for Middle Class,” The Washington Post, January 11, 2015.
85. Lawrence H. Summers and Ed Balls, “Report of the Commission on Inclusive Prosperity,” Center for American Progress, January 15, 2015, p. 34.
86. See chapter 5; Joseph E. Stiglitz, The Price of Inequality: How Today’s Divided Society Endangers Our Future (New York: W. W. Norton, 2013), p. 35.
87. Suzanne Berger, “How Finance Gutted Manufacturing,” Boston Review, April 1, 2014; Lawrence H. Summers and Ed Balls, “Report of the Commission on Inclusive Prosperity,” Center for American Progress, January 15, 2015, p. 124.
88. Lawrence H. Summers and Ed Balls, “Report of the Commission on Inclusive Prosperity,” Center for American Progress, January 15, 2015, p. 124.
89. Susan Holmberg and Mark Schmitt, “The Overpaid CEO,” Democracy Journal, Fall 2014, pp. 70–72.
90. “Policy Basics: Top Ten Facts About Social Security,” Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, November 6, 2012.
91. Heather Boushey, “A New Agenda for American Families and the Economy,” Dissent, Summer 2014.
92. Office of the Press Secretary, “Fact Sheet: Helping All Working Families with Young Children Afford Child Care,” the White House, January 21, 2015.
93. H.R. 1286: Healthy Families Act, 113th Cong. First Session, sponsored by Congresswoman Rosa DeLauro; Boushey, “A New Agenda.”
94. Editorial Board, “Silicon Valley’s Diversity Problem,” The New York Times, October 4, 2014; Claire Cain Miller, “Women on the Board: Quotas Have Limited Success,” The New York Times, June 19, 2014.
95. Pansy Yau, “Shanghai: Market Profile,” HKTDC Research, January 3, 2014; Josef Joffe, The Myth of America’s Decline: Politics, Economics, and a Half Century of False Prophecies (New York: Liveright, 2014), pp. 175–76; Tino Sanandaji, “The Amazing Truth About PISA Scores: USA Beats Western Europe, Ties with Asia,” New Geography, December 28, 2010.
96. “Game Changers.”
97. Suzanne Mettler, “College, the Great Unleveler,” New York Times, March 1, 2014.
98. Eduardo Porter, “A Simple Equation: More Education = More Income,” The New York Times, September 10, 2014; “Game Changers,” p. 111.
99. Ibid., p. 124.
100. Ibid., p. 125. I should note that I conduct polling for the National Education Association.
101. Joe Nocera, “Imagining Successful Schools,” The New York Times, August 29, 2014.
102. Editorial Board, “Why Other Countries Teach Better,” The New York Times, December 17, 2013; “Game Changers,” p. 127.
103. Ibid., pp. 145–46.
104. Allie Grasgreen, “Obama to Propose Two Free Years of Community College for Students,” Politico, January 18, 2015.
105. Ibid; Shahien Nasiripour and Sam Stein, “Obama to Endorse Elizabeth Warren’s Student Loan Proposal,” Huffington Post, June 6, 2014; Shahien Nasiripour, “Senate Blocks Elizabeth Warren’s Student Loan Refinancing Proposal,” Huffington Post, June 11, 2014; Danielle Kurtzleben, “CHARTS: Just How Fast Has College Tuition Grown?” U.S. News & World Report, October 23, 2013.
106. Paul Krugman, “Secular Stagnation, Coalmines, Bubbles and Larry Summers,” The New York Times, November, 16, 2013; remarks by Lawrence H. Summers at the IMF Fourteenth Annual Research Conference in Honor of Stanley Fischer, Washington, D.C., November, 8, 2013; Martin Wolf, The Shifts and Shocks, pp. 260, 274; Ferdinando Giugliano, “IMF Warns of Long Period of Lower Growth,” Financial Times, April 7, 2015.
107. Lawrence H. Summers and Ed Balls, “Report of the Commission on Inclusive Prosperity,” Center for American Progress, January 15, 2015, pp. 53, 111, 123; Robert Kuttner, “Are the Elites Catching Up with the People?” The American Prospect, January 28, 2015; Martin Wolf, The Shifts and Shocks, p. 166.
108. Lawrence H. Summers and Ed Balls, “Report of the Commission on Inclusive Prosperity,” Center for American Progress, January 15, 2015, p. 109; Ferdinando Giugliano, “IMF Warns of Long Period of Lower Growth,” Financial Times, April 7, 2015.
109. Martin Wolf, The Shifts and the Shocks, Kindle locations 921–942.
13 THE STATE OF THE UNION
1. Fourth annual message of President Theodore Roosevelt to the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives, on December 6, 1904; fifth annual message of President Theodore Roosevelt to the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives, on December 5, 1905.
2. For the remainder of the chapter, quotes attributed to President Theodore Roosevelt may be found in the fifth annual message of President Theodore Roosevelt to the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives, on December 5, 1905.
3. Coral Davenport, “Obama to Take Action to Slash Coal Pollution,” The New York Times, June 1, 2014; Office of the Press Secretary, “Fact Sheet: President Obama Announces New Actions to Strengthen Global Resilience to Climate Change and Launches Partnerships to Cut Carbon Pollution,” the White House, September 23, 2014; Office of the Press Secretary, “Presidential Memorandum—Advancing Pay Equality Through Compensation Data Collection,” the White House, April 8, 2014.
4. This and all quotes for the remainder of the chapter attributed to President Woodrow Wilson are from the first inaugural address of President Woodrow Wilson, at the U.S. Capitol, Washington, D.C., March 4, 1913.
INDEX
The index that appeared in the print version of this title does not match the pages in your e-book. Please use the search function on your e-reading device to search for terms of interest. For your reference, the terms that appear in the print index are listed below.
abortion
Catholics and
2010 elections and
Evangelicals and
marriage and
Mexico City policy and
Pennsylvania and
values, battle over, and
Abound Solar
Addams, Jane
affirmative action policies
Affordable Care Act
contraceptive coverage in
deficit and
2010 elections and
Evangelicals and
families and
government shutdown and
<
br /> importance of
middle class and
Republican Party and
success of
taxes and
affordable housing
African American Protestant Church
birth control and
black turnout and
gay marriage and
parenting and
African Americans
American Dream
Democratic ascendancy and
elections
education
families and
gay marriage and
healthcare
incarceration and
inequality
interracial marriage
marriage and
migration of
multiculturalism and
parenting
police violence
religious pluralism and
single parents and
unemployment
voting rights and
aging of population, immigration revolution and
air traffic controllers’ union
Alawite
Alien Acts
Alvarez, Lizette
American Dream, comfortable life as new
American Party
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
Americans for Prosperity
American Tobacco
Americas Clean Technology Index
amnesty. See also DREAMers
Ancient Order of Hibernians
Anderson, Eloise
Angry White Men (Kimmel)
apprenticeships
Arab states. See also specific countries
Arizona, immigration and
Asian Americans
Democratic ascendancy and
immigration reform and
multiculturalism and
Atlanta
America Ascendant Page 53
