You Don't Belong Here
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18. Faas letter to Sam Jones, Tokyo, DCL, May 25, 1967.
19. Faas letter to Monsieur and Madame Leroy, DCL, June 4, 1967.
20. Faas letter to Leroy, DCL, May 28, 1967.
21. AP approves payment for Leroy in John Koehler letter to Robert Tuckman, Saigon, DCL, July 12, 1967.
22. Leroy, “Vietnam Narrative.”
23. Saigon cable to Paris AP office, June 17, 1967.
24. Neil Sheehan, E. W. Kenworthy, Fox Butterfield, and Hedrick Smith, The Pentagon Papers: The Secret History of the Vietnam War (New York: Racehorse Publishing, 2017), 589–590.
25. Nguyen Khac Vien, The Long Resistance (1858–1975) (Hanoi, Vietnam: Foreign Languages Publishing House, 1975), 202.
26. Author interview with Frances FitzGerald, June 19, 2019.
27. Ward Just letter to Frances FitzGerald, Frances FitzGerald Collection (FFC), Howard Gotlieb Archival Research Center, Boston University, December 1966.
28. Just poem to FitzGerald, Goodwood Hotel, Singapore, FFC, undated.
29. Just cable to FitzGerald, FFC, June 29, 1967.
30. FitzGerald, blue notebook marked “Kalb book Writer’s Union,” FFC.
31. Author interview with FitzGerald, June 19, 2019.
32. Letter from Gaga (Grandmother Peabody) to FitzGerald, FFC, July 1967.
33. Just letter to FitzGerald, FFC, October 1967.
34. Author interview with Ann and Walter Pincus, December 2, 2019.
35. Frances FitzGerald, “The Long Fear—Fresh Eyes on Vietnam,” Vogue, January 1967.
36. Frances FitzGerald, “The Power Set: The Fragile but Dominating Women of Vietnam,” Vogue, February 1967.
37. Henry Kissinger to FitzGerald, FFC, August 31, 1967.
38. Author interview with FitzGerald, January 15, 2019.
39. Paul Mus letter to FitzGerald, FFC, October 20, 1967.
40. William Conrad Gibbons, The U.S. Government and the Vietnam War: Executive and Legislative Roles and Relationships (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1995), 894, footnote.
41. Author interview with Daniel Ellsberg, June 11, 2019.
42. Author interview with Ellsberg.
43. Author interview with FitzGerald, June 19, 2019.
44. Peter Davison letter to FitzGerald, FFC, November 29, 1968.
45. David Chandler, “Paul Mus (1902–1969): A Biographical Sketch,” Journal of Vietnamese Studies 4, no. 1 (Winter 2009).
CHAPTER 6: HOW SHE CAME OUT OF THAT ALIVE IS A MIRACLE
1. Catherine Leroy letter to mother, Dotation Catherine Leroy (DCL), June 29, 1967.
2. Author interview with John Laurence, August 30, 2019.
3. Don North, “A Little Piece of Hell,” New York Times, July 4, 2017.
4. Leroy, “Vietnam Narrative,” unpublished manuscript, DCL.
5. Leroy letter to mother, DCL, December 6, 1967.
6. Terry Gross interview with Horst Faas, Fresh Air, WHYY, National Public Radio, November 5, 1997.
7. Details about General Westmoreland appraisal in Stanley Karnow, Vietnam: A History (New York: Viking Press, 1983), 514.
8. Author interview with Sam Bingham, January 29, 2019.
9. Don Oberdorfer, TET: The Story of a Battle and Its Historic Aftermath (New York: Doubleday, 1971), 2–40.
10. George C. Herring, “The Road to Tet,” New York Times, January 27, 2017.
11. Karnow, Vietnam, 523–545.
12. Author interview with Bingham, January 29, 2019.
13. Catherine Leroy, “Soldiers of North Vietnam Strike Pose for Her Camera,” Life, February 16, 1968.
14. Robert Pledge interview with Horst Faas, March 1, 2011, in Jacques Menasche, dir., Cathy at War: Volume 1; Vietnam (DCL, 2016), 72 mins.
15. John Laurence, The Cat from Hue: A Vietnam War Story (New York: PublicAffairs, 2002), 16.
16. Menasche, Cathy at War.
17. Pledge interview with Faas, in Menasche, Cathy at War.
18. Pledge interview with Don McCullin, March 17, 2012, in Menasche, Cathy at War.
19. Leroy, “Vietnam Narrative.”
20. Leroy, “Vietnam Narrative.”
21. Mark Bowden, Hue 1968: A Turning Point of the American War in Vietnam (New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, 2017), 391–441.
22. Brooke Gladstone interview with Leslie Gelb, On the Media, WNYC, National Public Radio, January 12, 2018.
23. Marcel Gugliaris interview with Leroy, Saigon, DCL, March 7, 1968.
24. Leroy letter to mother, DCL, April 8, 1968.
25. Author interview with Hal Buell, January 7, 2019.
26. Leroy letter to mother, DCL, March 19, 1968.
27. The editors, “An Editorial,” Look, May 14, 1968.
28. Author interview with Susan Moeller, October 14, 2019.
29. Susan D. Moeller, Shooting War: Photography and the American Experience of Combat (New York: Basic Books, 1989), 410.
30. Leroy letter to mother, DCL, September 9, 1968.
31. Author interview with Dominique Deschavanne, September 14, 2018.
32. Leroy letter to mother, DCL, October 3, 1968.
33. Dirck Halstead quote from Donald R. Winslow, “Catherine Leroy: Vietnam War Photographer, 60,” National Press Photographers Association, July 21, 2006, NPPA.org.
34. Leroy, “Synopsis,” unpublished, DCL.
35. Leroy, “Only the Photographer,” proposal for unpublished autobiography, DCL.
CHAPTER 7: THREE DEATHS
1. Kate Webb, “Highpockets,” in Tad Bartimus, Denby Fawcett, Jurate Kazickas, Edith Lederer, Ann Bryan Mariano, Anne Morrissy Merick, Laura Palmer, Kate Webb, and Tracy Wood, War Torn: Stories of War from the Women Reporters Who Covered Vietnam (New York: Random House, 2002), 63.
2. John Woodrow Cox, “I Read My Own Obit: A Female Vietnam War Reporter’s Harrowing Weeks as a POW,” Washington Post, January 31, 2018.
3. Cox, “I Read My Own Obit.”
4. Don Oberdorfer, TET: The Story of a Battle and Its Historic Aftermath (New York: Doubleday, 1971), 16.
5. Webb, in Bartimus et al., War Torn, 63.
6. Author interview with Dan Southerland, February 17, 2019.
7. Kate Webb, “War Torn: Women Reporters Who Covered Vietnam,” panel discussion, National Press Club, September 24, 2002.
8. Webb, in Bartimus et al., War Torn, 64.
9. Joyce Hoffmann, On Their Own: Women Journalists and the American Experience in Vietnam (New York: Da Capo Press, 2008), 217.
10. Kenton Clymer, The United States and Cambodia, 1870–1969: From Curiosity to Confrontation (Abingdon, UK: Routledge, 2004), 41.
11. Kate Webb, interview, Singapore Radio, transcript, Kate Webb papers (KWP), private family collection, Sydney, Australia, April 5, 1988.
12. Author interview with Rachel Webb Miller and Jeremy Webb, November 7, 2018.
13. Religious News Service, “New Zealand Primate, 76, Dr. Campbell West-Watson Dies, Was Senior Anglican Bishop,” New York Times, May 20, 1953.
14. C. M. West-Watson, “Geneva During September,” Christchurch Times (New Zealand), KWP, 1931.
15. John Warhurst, “Webb, Leicester Chisholm (1905–1962),” in Australian Dictionary of Biography, vol. 16 (Melbourne: Melbourne University Press, 2002).
16. Author interview with Miller and Jeremy Webb, November 7, 2018.
17. Webb, illustrated journal or epistolary of her European travels, KWP, undated.
18. Author interview with Miller and Jeremy Webb, November 7, 2018.
19. “Court Told Girl, 15, Lent Friend Rifle to Suicide,” Canberra Times, April 1, 1958.
20. “Court Told Girl, 15, Urged Friend Not to Suicide,” Canberra Times, April 15, 1958.
21. “No Bill of Indictment in Webb Case,” Canberra Times, May 1, 1958.
22. Frank Fenner, Nature, Nurture and Chance: The Lives of Frank and Charles Fenner (Canberra, Australia: ANU Press, 2011), 63.
23. Author interview with Miller and Jeremy Webb, November 7, 2018.
24. Tony Clifton, “Biography: Kate Webb,” Australia Media Hall of Fame, April 30, 2019, halloffame.melbournepressclub.com.
CHAPTER 8: WE WERE LAUGHING
1. Kate Webb, “Highpockets,” in Tad Bartimus, Denby Fawcett, Jurate Kazickas, Edith Lederer, Ann Bryan Mariano, Anne Morrissy Merick, Laura Palmer, Kate Webb, and Tracy Wood, War Torn: Stories of War from the Women Reporters Who Covered Vietnam (New York: Random House, 2002), 66.
2. Kate Webb, interview, Singapore Radio, transcript, Kate Webb papers (KWP), private family collection, Sydney, Australia, April 5, 1988, p. 13.
3. Webb, fictionalized memoir, unpublished, KWP.
4. Author interview with Gene Roberts, January 28, 2019.
5. Webb, poem in notebook, KWP, undated.
6. Richard V. Oliver, “6 Top Viets Slain; US Rocket Blamed,” UPI, in Boston Globe, June 3, 1968.
7. Webb, interview, Singapore Radio, 14.
8. Kate Webb, “Life and Death of a Copter Crew,” UPI, in Boston Globe, October 8, 1968.
9. J. W. Cohn, “Women Cover the News, Too,” Women’s Wear Daily, in Washington Post, October 17, 1968.
10. Joyce Hoffmann interview with David Halberstam, Joyce Hoffmann papers, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, January 7, 1998.
11. Webb, fictionalized memoir.
12. Author interview with Rachel Webb Miller, November 7, 2018.
13. “H.R. Haldeman’s Notes from Oct. 22, 1968,” Sunday Review, New York Times, December 31, 2016.
14. Author interview with Jeremy Webb, November 7, 2018.
15. Webb, fictionalized memoir.
16. Webb, fictionalized memoir.
CHAPTER 9: WHERE DOES THE STORY END?
1. Frances FitzGerald, “Death of a Chronicler,” Commentary, March 1968.
2. MacDowell Colony, “Artists: Frances FitzGerald,” Fall 1969, www.macdowellcolony.org/artists/frances-fitz-gerald.
3. Author interview with Alan Lelchuk, December 10, 2019.
4. Joyce Carol Oates, “A Conversation with Philip Roth,” Ontario Review 1 (Fall 1974).
5. Frank Rich, Jean Bennett, Michael Kazin, James E. Thomas, Lucy Fisher, Chris Wallace, Lance C. Buhl, Robert L. Hall, Mark Helprin, Ernest J. Wilson, and Richard Hyland, “Echoes of 1969,” Harvard Magazine, March–April 2019.
6. Linda Greenhouse, “How Smart Women Got the Chance,” New York Review of Books, April 6, 2017.
7. Alessandra Stanley, “The Way It Was at Radcliffe,” New York Times, June 7, 1992.
8. Author interview with Frances FitzGerald, June 19, 2019.
9. Author interview with Lelchuk, December 10, 2019.
10. Peter Davison letter to Frances FitzGerald, Frances FitzGerald Collection (FFC), Howard Gotlieb Archival Research Center, Boston University, August 1969.
11. John McAlister letter to Frances FitzGerald, FFC, September 16, 1969.
12. McAlister letter to FitzGerald, October 10, 1969.
13. Richard Soloman letter to FitzGerald, FFC, December 18, 1968.
14. Author interview with FitzGerald, June 19, 2019.
15. Henry Kissinger letter to FitzGerald, FFC, May 13, 1970.
16. Author interview with Lelchuk, December 10, 2019.
17. Author interview with FitzGerald, August 1, 2019.
18. Daniel Ellsberg, Papers on the War (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1972), 41.
19. Fern Marja Eckman, “Hooked on Vietnam,” New York Post, July 21, 1972.
20. Kevin Buckley, “The Saigon Yale Club,” Yale Class of 1962 website, July 15, 2004, www.Yale62.org.
21. Kevin Buckley investigation in Nick Turse, Kill Anything That Moves: The Real American War in Vietnam (New York: Picador, 2013), 249–250.
22. Kevin Buckley note to FitzGerald, Saigon, FFC, 1971.
23. FitzGerald letter to Buckley, FFC, February 22, 1972.
24. Kate Webb, “Highpockets,” in Tad Bartimus, Denby Fawcett, Jurate Kazickas, Edith Lederer, Ann Bryan Mariano, Anne Morrissy Merick, Laura Palmer, Kate Webb, and Tracy Wood, War Torn: Stories of War from the Women Reporters Who Covered Vietnam (New York: Random House, 2002), 70.
25. Author interview with Rachel Webb Miller, November 7, 2018.
26. Elizabeth Becker, When the War Was Over: Cambodia and the Khmer Rouge Revolution (New York: PublicAffairs, 1986, 1998).
27. William J. Rust, Eisenhower & Cambodia: Diplomacy, Covert Action and the Origins of the Second Indochina War (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2016), 143.
28. Craig Etcheson, The Rise and Demise of Democratic Kampuchea (Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1984), 98–99.
29. Becker, When the War Was Over.
30. For journalists killed in Cambodia see Richard Pyle, “Press People Killed During Cambodia’s Civil War, 1970–1975,” Cambodia Daily, April 17–18, 2019; Newseum, “Journalists Memorial”; and “List of Journalists Killed and Missing in the Vietnam War,” Wikipedia.
31. Sydney H. Schanberg, “Syvertsen of CBS News Feared Dead in Cambodia,” New York Times, June 4, 1970.
32. Robert M. Smith, “Ex-Officer Tells About Song My Data,” New York Times, June 12, 1970.
33. Children chasing napalm from Kate Webb, “War Torn: Women Reporters Who Covered Vietnam,” discussion panel, National Press Club, September 24, 2002.
34. Kate Webb, “Bombers Hit Tang Kauk; Major Battle Developing,” UPI, in Hartford Current, September 13, 1970.
35. Henry Kamm, “2 More Newsmen Slain by Reds in Cambodia,” New York Times, October 29, 1970.
36. Webb, in Bartimus et al., War Torn, 71–72.
37. Elizabeth Becker, “The Cambodian Nightmare of Prince Sihanouk,” Washington Post, February 27, 1980.
38. Kate Webb, interview, Singapore Radio, transcript, Kate Webb papers (KWP), private family collection, Sydney, Australia, April 5, 1988.
39. Author interview with Sylvana Foa, February 10, 2019.
40. Webb, in Bartimus et al., War Torn, 85.
41. Webb, fictionalized memoir, unpublished, KWP.
42. Webb, fictionalized memoir.
43. Elizabeth Becker, “Cambodia’s Hero Journalists,” Washington Post, June 17, 1974.
44. Webb, black moleskin notebook, KWP, 2001.
45. Craig R. Whitney, “Gloria Emerson, Chronicler of War’s Damage, Dies at 75,” New York Times, August 5, 2004.
46. Kate Webb, On the Other Side: 23 Days with the Viet Cong (New York: Quadrangle Books, 1972), 5–7.
CHAPTER 10: AGAINST THE ODDS
1. Kate Webb, On the Other Side: 23 Days with the Viet Cong (New York: Quadrangle Books, 1972), 20–27.
2. Webb, On the Other Side, 62.
3. Webb, 75.
4. Webb, 90.
5. Webb, 108–109.
6. Webb, 121–122.
7. Author interview with Rachel Webb Miller, November 7, 2018.
8. Sunday Mirror article, family scrapbook, Kate Webb papers (KWP), private family collection, Sydney, Australia, undated.
9. “Missing UPI Correspondent Is Reported Dead in Cambodia,” UPI, in New York Times, April 20, 1970.
10. Douglas Robinson, “A Masked Toughness,” New York Times, April 20, 1970.
11. Pat Burgess, “Kate’s Clean War Led to Her Death,” Daily Mirror (Sydney), family scrapbook, KWP, undated.
12. Mungo MacCallun, “Most Unlikely War Correspondent,” Daily Mirror (Sydney), family scrapbook, KWP, undated.
13. Bill Pinwill, A.M. Radio in Singapore, KWP, April 26, 1970.
14. Webb, On the Other Side, 129–130.
15. Webb, 149–152.
16. Frank Slusser e-mail to Webb, KWP, March 8, 2007.
17. Australian newspapers, family collection, KWP, May 2, 1971.
18. Author interview with Miller and Jeremy Webb, November 7, 2018.
19. Kate Webb, “High Pockets,” in Tad Bartimus, Denby Fawcett, Jurate Kazickas, Edith Lederer, Ann Bryan Mariano, Anne Morrissy Merick, Laura Palmer, Kate Webb, and Tracy Wood, War Torn: Stories of War from the Wom
en Reporters Who Covered Vietnam (New York: Random House, 2002), 79.
20. Author interview with Sylvana Foa, February 10, 2019.
21. Webb, On the Other Side.
22. Author interview with Jeremy Webb, November 7, 2018.
23. Nan Musgrove, “A Hairbreadth from Horror,” One Magazine, June 7, 1971.
24. Geraldine Willesee, “What Makes Katie Run?,” Woman’s Day, June 7, 1971.
25. Author interview with Gene Roberts, January 28, 2019.
26. Author interview with Foa, February 10, 2019.
27. Frances FitzGerald, “Vietnam I,” New Yorker, July 1, 1972; “Vietnam II,” New Yorker, July 8, 1972; “Vietnam III,” New Yorker, July 15, 1972; “Vietnam IV,” New Yorker, July 22, 1972; “Vietnam V,” New Yorker, July 29, 1972.
28. Stanley Hoffmann, “An Account of the Collision of Two Societies,” New York Times Book Review, August 27, 1972.
29. David G. Marr, “Fire in the Lake: The Vietnamese and the Americans in Vietnam,” Journal of Asian Studies 32, no. 3 (May 1973): 564–565.
30. Fairbanks observation in Fox Butterfield, “The New Vietnam Scholarship,” New York Times Magazine, February 13, 1983.
31. Taylor Branch, “Halberstam, FitzGerald, Ellsberg, Reporter, Poetess, Analyst,” Washington Monthly, March 1973.
32. Author interview with Frances FitzGerald, June 19, 2019.
33. Author interview with Dan Southerland, February 17, 2019.
34. Myra MacPherson, “Frances FitzGerald: In Hardcover,” Washington Post, August 29, 1972.
35. Author interview with Myra MacPherson, December 31, 2019.
36. Author interview with H. D. S. Greenway, July 31, 2018.
37. “Discussion with Middle East Correspondent Anthony Shadid,” Shorenstein Center, November 14, 2007.
38. Anthony Marc Lewis, “Re-examining Our Perceptions on Vietnam,” Studies in Intelligence 17, no. 4 (Winter 1973), Central Intelligence Agency Library, declassified July 2, 1996.
39. Fredrik Logevall, “Vietnam Reconsidered,” televised panel at the Los Angeles Times Festival of Books, April 30, 2000.
40. Author interview with Fredrik Logevall, January 31, 2020.
CHAPTER 11: SAIGON SIGNING OFF