Amy T Peterson, Valerie Hewitt, Heather Vaughan, et al
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Stravinsky, Igor, 1:67
1:230; 1947 1949, 1:240 41; 1920s, Student Nonviolent Coordinating
1:203 4, 1:204f; 1930s, 1:217;
Committee, 2:25
1950s, 2:186 87, 2:186f; 1960s, Style with Elsa Klensch (TV show),
2:197 99; 1970s, 2:210; 1980s,
2:82
2:220; 1990s, 2:231; 2000s, 2:240
Substance abuse prevention, 1980s,
Synthetic fabrics: biodegradable, 2:178;
2:111, 2:134, 2:142, 2:154
fashion innovation of 1950s, 2:174;
Suits, women’s business wear: 1900
1960s and 1970s, 2:175; 1980s to
1908, 1:173 74; 1909 1914, 1:183;
present, 2:177
1914 1919, 1:190; 1940 1946,
1:225; 1947 1949, 1:238 39; 1920s, Tabloids, in the 1920s, 1:135 36
1:199 200; 1930s, 1:214 15; 1950s, Taft, Robert A., Senator, conservatism,
2:182 83; 1960s, 2:194; 1970s,
2:19
2:206 7, 2:206 7f; 1980s, 2:217;
Taft, William H., 1:23, 1:28 30,
1990s, 2:228; 2000s, 2:237
1:250f
Cumulative Index
387
Tailor shops, early twentieth century,
Textile finishes, 1980s to present,
1:158
2:177
Teapot Dome scandal, 1:33
Theater: 1950s, 2:55; 1960s, 2:63;
Technologies: after WWII, 1:46;
1970s, 2:70 71; 1980s, 2:78; 1990s family life in the 1900s, 1:120 21;
and 2000s, 2:88 89
family life in the 1920s, 1:133;
Theater and movies: 1900s, 1:60 61;
innovations in the fashion business,
1910s, 1:63 66; 1920s, 1:68 70;
1:150, 1:165 67; 1910s, 1:97; 1920s, 1930s, 1:74 76; 1940s, 1:82 83. see
1:35; 1990s, 2:41; 1950s to present, also Motion pictures
2:10
The^atre de la Mode, 1:154
Teddy Boys, 2:203
Theyskend, Olivier, Goth looks,
Teen People (magazine), 1980s to
2:85
present, 2:173
Thompson, Hunter S., 2:63
Teenagers: as consumers, 1960s, 2:132;
Tiananmen Square, 1989, 2:38 39
defined after 1950, 2:13; 1980s
Tiegs, Cheryl, 2:172
movies focused on, 2:79; sexual
Till, Emmett, 2:23
intercourse, 1990s and 2000s, 2:151;
Tin Pan Alley, 1:60, 1:62
socializing in the 1950s, 2:99
Titanic, 1:99 100
Television: cable, satellite and digital,
Tobacco, 1920s, 1:105
2:91, 2:150; children in the 1990s, Tommy Hilfiger, 2:41, 2:164
2:155; conservative morality in the
Tops (children to preteen boys): casual
1950s, 2:123 24; early development, wear: 1950s, 2:310; 1960s, 2:323;
1:78; fashion communication, 1950s,
1970s, 2:339; 1980s, 2:351; 1900s
2:170 71; news broadcasting, 2:8;
and 2000s, 2:364
popular culture, 1950s to present,
Tops (children to preteen girls): casual
2:8, 2:50; representation of wear: 1950s, 2:309; 1960s, 2:322 23;
minorities, 2:73; 1940s, 1:83 84;
1970s, 2:336; 1980s, 2:350; 1900s 1950s, 2:57 58; 1960s, 2:66 67;
and 2000s, 2:363 64
1970s, 2:73 74; 1980s, 2:81 82;
Tops (teen to college boys): casual
1990s and 2000s, 2:91 93
wear: 1950s, 2:312; 1960s, 2:325 26;
Tencel, 1980s to present, 2:177
1970s, 2:339; 1980s, 2:353; 1900s Tennessee Valley Authority, 1:42
and 2000s, 2:367
Tennis: men’s sportswear: 1900s, 1:252;
Tops (teen to college girls): casual
1910s, 1:260; 1920s, 1:269; 1930s, wear: 1950s, 2:311 12; 1960s,
1:277; 1940s, 1:283; 1960s, 2:264;
2:324 25; 1970s, 2:338 39;
1970s, 2:273; 1980s, 2:282; 1990s, 1980s, 2:352 53; 1900s and 2000s,
2:291 92; 2000s, 2:301; women’s
2:366
sportswear: 1900 1908, 1:176;
Tournure drapery, 1:181f
1914 1919, 1:193 94; 1940 1946,
Transcendental meditation, 2:107
1:231; 1947 1949, 1:241; 1920s, Transistor radios, 1950s, 2:57
1:204 5; 1930s, 1:219; 1950s, 2:187;
Triangle Shirtwaist Factory tragedy,
1960s, 2:198 99; 1970s, 2:211;
1:32
1980s, 2:221; 1990s, 2:231; 2000s, Trigere, Pauline, 2:164
2:240
Trousers skirt, 1:181f
388
Cumulative Index
Truman, Harry S., U. S. as the ‘‘world’s
Valentino, 1960s fashion, 2:162
policeman,’’ 1:49
Valley girls, alternative fashion
Truman Doctrine, postwar U. S.
movement, 2:225 26
foreign policy, 1:49
van Doesburg, Theo, 1:66
Turkish-style trousers, 1:182, 1:182f Vaseline, origin of mascara, 1:195
Turlington, Christy, 2:163
VH1, 2:75 76, 2:84
Turrell, James, 2:83
Video art, 2:83
Twentieth century, historical landscape
Video cassette recorder (VCR): cable,
of early half, 1:3 18
2:8 9; TV revolution, 2:8
Twiggy, 2:172
Video games, 1980s, 2:147
Vidor, King, 1:70
Undergarments (men): 1900s, 1:253;
Vietnam War, 2:4 5, 2:18, 2:25, 2:28,
1910s, 1:260 61; 1920s, 1:269 70;
2:32 33; effect on 1960s social
1930s, 1:277 78; 1940s, 1:284;
occasions, 2:101; effects on youth,
1950s, 2:254 55; 1960s, 2:264;
1970s, 2:139 40; protests in 1960s, 1970s, 2:274; 1980s, 2:282 83;
2:133
1990s, 2:292 93; 2000s, 2:301
Viola, Bill, 2:83
Undergarments (women): 1900 1908,
Violence: 1990s, 2:41; schools in the
1:178; 1909 1914, 1:186;
1990s, 2:154
1914 1919, 1:194; 1940 1946,
Vionnet, couturiere, 1:152
1:231 32; 1947 1949, 1:241 42;
Viscose (rayon), 1:166
1920s, 1:206; 1930s, 1:210 20;
Vitamins and minerals, 1920s, 1:103
1950s, 2:187 88; 1960s, 2:199 200;
Vogue (magazine): early 1900s, 1:16;
1970s, 2:212; 1980s, 2:221 22;
fashion communication, 1:162;
1990s, 2:232 33; 2000s, 2:241
Hollywood stylists featured in 1920s
Unemployment, 1950s, 2:21
and 1930s, 1:153; photography,
Uniforms: military, men’s business
1:162; 1920s, 1:67, 1:103; 1950s, wear: 1910s, 1:257 58; 1940s, 1:280;
2:171; 1960s, 2:171; 1980s to 1980s, 2:279; 1990s, 2:289; women’s present, 2:173; during WWII, 1:164
business wear, 1940 1946, 1:226 27,
Volstead Act, 1:134
1:226f
von Stroheim, Erich, 1:70
United Auto Workers, 1930s, 1:40
Vonnegut, Kurt, 2:63
United Mine Workers, 1930s, 1:40
Voting Rights Act, 2:6
United Nations, founded in San
Francisco, 1945, 1:45
Walesa, Lech, 2:38
United Service Organizations (USO),
Walker, Alice, 2:77
1:8, 1:109
Walking suit (men’s), mid-1920s,
United States Motion Picture
1:266f
Production Code, 1:55
Wallis blue, 1:213
Updike, John, 2:87
&nb
sp; Wang, Vera, 2:164, 2:166
War Advertising Council, 1942, 1:47
Valentina, 1:157
War of the Worlds (radio), 1:78
Valentino, Rudolph, 1:65, 1:69,
War Production Board, rationing
1:270f
during WWII, 1:45
Cumulative Index
389
Warhol, Andy, 2:59
Women: after WWII, 1:46; athletics in
Wartime silhouette, WWI, 1:152
1970s, 2:106; athletics in 1990s,
Wash-and-wear, fashion innovation of
2:117 18; attractive wife, 1950s
1950s, 2:174
television, 2:170; careers in the
Washington, Booker T., 1:7, 1:26
1950s, 2:123; changing role,
Watergate scandal, 2:30, 2:70
1900 1949, 1:10 11, 1:47; changing Webber, Andrew Lloyd, 2:78
role, 1950s to present, 2:11 12;
Wedding fashion: Diana Spencer and
college education, 1910s, 1:129;
Prince Charles, 1981, 2:108; Duke
education for girls in the 1900s,
of Windsor and Mrs. Wallis
1:124; education for girls in the
Simpson (1930s), 1:213; 1950s,
1910s, 1:128 29; entering the
2:96 97, 2:121; 1970s, 2:105
workforce, 1:30, 1:46, 1:47, 1:129;
Weight loss craze, 1980s, 2:110
ready-to-wear industry and, 1:156;
Welles, Orson, 1:78
family role in the 1950s, 2:121;
Wells, Rebecca, 2:87
female artists, 1970s, 2:67; forty
West, Nathanel, 1:74
percent of workforce, 1969, 2:11;
Westinghouse Electric Company, first
higher education, 1970s, 2:104;
commercial radio station, Pittsburgh,
marriage in the 1900s, 1:117 21;
1:70
new millennium called age of ‘‘new
Westwood, Vivienne, 2:162
woman,’’ 1:120; right to vote, 1910s,
Wharton, Edith, 1:62
1:28, 1:97; right to vote, 1920s, Whistler, James McNeil, 1:61 62
1:131; roles and responsibilities,
Whistler’s Mother, 1:62
1980s, 2:144; in the 1960s, 2:128; in White, George, 1:74
1900s literature, 1:58; as targets of
White flight to suburbs, 2:20
advertising in the 1900s, 1:92; upper
White slavery, the 1910s, 1:128
class, 1900s, 1:90 91; well-dressed Wiener Werkstatte, 1:66
woman in the 1960s, 2:128; in the
Wilder, Thornton, 1:74
workforce, 1970s, 2:127
Williams, Tennessee, 1:81, 2:54 55
Women’s Christian Temperance
Williams, Thomas L., 1:195
Union, 1:58
Wilson, August, 2:78
Women’s fashion, 1:169 245, 2:179 245;
Wilson, Lanford, 2:78
hat and gloves in the 1950s, 2:122;
Wilson, Woodrow: advances during
1950s entertaining, 2:98
first term, 1:5; Clayton Antitrust
Women’s International Terrorist
Act, 1:29 30; League of Nations,
Conspiracy from Hell, 1968, 2:130
1:31, 1:36; New Freedom reform Women’s organizations: movement in
program, 1:29; U. S. entering WWI,
the 1960s, 2:135 36; 1900s, 1:120
1:19, 1:28, 1:31; Wilson’s Fourteen Women’s Wear Daily (magazine),
Points, 1:31
1:161 62; 1980s to present, 2:173
Winslow, Homer, 1:56
Wood, Grant, 1:72
Wolfe, Thomas, 1:74
Woodstock Music and Arts Festival,
Wolfe, Tom, 2:63, 2:77
1967, 2:7, 2:102
Woman’s Day (magazine), during
Woodstock Music and Arts Festival,
WWII, 1:164
1994 and 1999, 2:84
390
Cumulative Index
Woodward, Bob, 2:70
Plan, 1:45; men’s fashion, 1:280 86;
Woolworths, 1:159 60
Pearl Harbor, 1:20, 1:44 45, 1:48;
Working class families, depiction on
racial discrimination during,
TV, 2:91 92
1:50 51; scientific advances, 1:10;
World Disarmament Conference,
treatment of Japanese Americans,
1932, 1:42
1:45; United States in, 1:5, 1:6,
World War I (WWI): America in, 1:4,
1:20; women in the workforce, 1:46,
1:7, 1:19, 1:31; couture houses shut
1:141 42; women’s fashion,
down, 1:151; immigration to
1:223 36
America and, 1:7; mass production
World Wide Web, 2:10 11, 2:41. 2:43;
techniques, 1:9; men’s fashions,
catalog and home shopping,
1:256 63; ready-to-wear
2:169 70; fashion communication,
manufacturers, 1:155; slacker
2:174; sexual content, 2:151
marriages, 1:127; U.S. as a world
Worth, Charles Frederick, 1:151
power, 1:36; women in the
Wright, Frank Lloyd, 1:57, 1:72
workforce, 1:11, 1:96; women’s fashions, 1:188 97
Yom Kippur War, 1973, 2:33
World War II (WWII): collapse of
Young Miss (magazine), 1960s and
haute couture during German
1970s, 2:171
occupation of Paris, 1:153; economic
YSL, 1960s, 2:161
growth after, 2:3; effects on
Yuppies, 79 80
American life, 1:44 45, 1:140 41;
Yves Saint Laurent (YSL), 2:52
ended Great Depression, 1:46;
fashion industry during, 1:153;
Ziegfeld, Florenz, 1:64
fashion magazines, 1:164; Glenn
Zimmermann telegram, 1:28, 1:31
Miller’s ‘‘In the Mood,’’ 1:79;
Zippers, 1920s and 1930s, 1:166 67
Hollywood films, 1:82 83;
Zoot-suit riots, 1:336
mail-order catalogs, 1:165; Marshall
Zydeco, 1:81
About the Contributors
G E N E R A L E D I T O R
Amy T. Peterson is the Vice-president of Course Development for Career
Education Corporation. Her background in costume history research
extends over twelve years, and she previously coauthored In An Influential
Fashion for Greenwood Press. Her other publications include Mythology in
Our Midst and the article ‘‘United Neighborhood Organization’ in The
Encyclopedia of Chicago History. She received a Master’s degree in Public
History from Loyola University and her Bachelor’s degree in History from
Illinois Wesleyan University.
C O N T R I B U T O R S
Valerie Hewitt is a full-time general education instructor for Remington
College
Largo Campus in Florida. She has an M.Ed. from Trinity
University in San Antonio, Texas. She has edited several dissertations in
addition to teaching students how to write.
Heather Vaughan is an independent fashion historian who has worked as a
guest curator, researcher, and lecturer at institutions including the de Young,
Phoenix Art Museum, Los Angeles County Museum of Art, and the Met-
ropolitan Museum of Art Costume Institute. Recent work includes an arti-
cle in the journal Dress as well as lectures for the American Culture/Popular
Culture Association and the Costume Society of America’s National Sym-
posium, among others.
391<
br />
392
About the Contributors
Ann T. Kellogg is a Senior Industry Consultant with Campus Management
Corporation. Her background in costume history research extends over fif-
teen years, and she previously coauthored In An Influential Fashion for
Greenwood Press. Kellogg previously curated costume exhibits on fashion
designers and costume history including Givenchy and Traditions and Tran-
sitions for the Chicago Historical Society. She received both a Master’s
degree and a Bachelor’s degree in Costume and Textile History from
Michigan State University.
Lynn W. Payne is Executive Director of Higher Education for Renaissance
Strategies and previously was Vice President of Education for Career Edu-
cation Corporation, Vice President of Academic and Student Affairs at
American InterContinental University Online, and assistant professor of
marketing and management at Langston University. She received her Ph.D.
degree from the University of Oklahoma, M.B.A. from Golden Gate
University, and B.S. from James Madison University.
Womens’ swimwear in 1918. [Scala/Art Resource, NY]
Two flappers gossip at a bar, 1928. [Mary Evans
Dress (Robe de Style), 1924-1925. [The Metropolitan
Picture Library/Alamy]
Museum of Art/Art Resource]
Stylish tunic dresses worn with fur stoles, 1915.
[Mary Evans Picture Library/Alamy]
Jantzen bathing suits, 1948. [Mary Evans Picture
Library/Alamy]
A Chinese influenced black dress by Madeleine Vionnet, 1923.
[Mary Evans Picture Library/Alamy]
A day suit, c. 1909. [Mary Evans Picture Library/Alamy]
Socks were colorful during the 1940s. They came in argyle, chevron, and
diamond patterns. Elastic was added to the tops of socks, so garters were no
longer necessary. [Lordprice Collection/Alamy]
Examples of girls’ and boy’s clothing in the 1940s. [ClassicStock/Alamy]
A 1910 advertisement for mens’ shirts.
An American fashion ilustration from 1935
[Lordprice Collection/Alamy]
shows men enjoying after-dinner brandy and
cigars. [Lordprice Collection/Alamy]
An advertising postcard for Abel Morrall’s
Shirley Temple in the 1939 film The Little
Hat Pins, c. 1905 [Amoret Tanner/Alamy]
Princess. [Photofest, Inc.]
Mens’ Army uniforms during World War I. [Library of
Congress]
A Gibson Girl in evening dress, with
decolletage neckline and pompadour hair
style, c.1901. [Library of Congress]