by Spence,Lewis
Tlascalans and, 26;
founders of Tenochtitlan (Mexico), 27;
their science, 43;
in bondage to Colhuacan, 51;
allied with Tecpanecs, 51;
war with Tecpanecs, 52;
development of the empire, 52;
commercial expansion, 52;
their tyranny, 52–53;
their conception of eternity, 55;
the priesthood, 114–117;
idea of the origin of mankind, 123;
a migration myth of, 233
AZTLAN (Crane Land). Traditional place of origin of Nahua, 11;
Aztecs and, 50, 233
B
BACABS. Genii in Maya mythology, 170
BALAM-AGAB (Tiger of the Night). One of the first men of the Popol Vuh myth, 229, 230
BALAM-QUITZE (Tiger with the Sweet Smile).
An ancestor of the Maya, 188;
one of the first men of the Popol Vuh myth, 229, 230
BALON ZACAB. Form of the Maya rain-god, 176
BAT. Typical of the underworld, 96
BAT-GOD. Maya deity, known also as Camazotz, 171–172
BIRTH-CYCLE. In Mexican calendar, 39, 41
BOCHICA. Sun-god of the Chibchas, 276
BOGOTA. City at which the Zippa of the Chibchas lived, 276
BOTURINI BENADUCI, L. His work on Mexican lore, 58
BOURBOURG, THE ABBÉ BRASSEUR DE. Version of Nahua flood-myth, 122–123
BRANDAN, ST. Probable voyage to America, 4
BRINTON, D. G. Theory as to the Toltecs, 21;
on Quetzalcoatl, 81;
translation of a poem on the Peruvian thunder-god myth, and comments on the myth, 300–301
BURGOA, FATHER. Account of a confession ceremony, 108–110;
description of Mitla, 199–206
C
CABRAKAN (Earthquake). Son of Vukub-Cakix; in a Kiche myth in the Popol Vuh, 211, 213, 216–219
CABRERA, DON FELIX. And the Popol Vuh, 207
CACHAPUCARA. Hill; Thonapa and, 319–320
CAHA-PALUMA (Falling Water). One of the first women of the Popol Vuh myth, 230
CAKIXA (Water of Parrots). One of the first women of the Popol Vuh myth, 230
CAKULHA-HURAKAN (Lightning). A sub-god of Hurakan, 237
CALDERON, DON JOSÉ. And Palenque, 182
CALENDAR. I. The Mexican, 38–41;
an essential feature in the national life, 38;
resemblance to Maya and Zapotec calendric systems, 38, 169;
possible Toltec origin, 39;
the year, 39;
the “binding of years,” 39, 40;
the solar year, 39;
the nemontemi, 39;
the “birth-cycle,” 39, 41;
the cempohualli, or “months,” 39–40;
the ecclesiastical system, 40;
the xiumalpilli, 40;
the ceremony of toxilmolpilia, 41.
II. The Maya; similarities to calendar of the Nahua, 38, 169.
III. The Peruvian, 265–266, 313
CALLCA. Place in Peru; sacred rocks found at, 293
CAMAXTLI. War-god of the Tlascalans, 111
CAMAZOTZ. The bat-god, called also Zotzilaha Chimalman, 171–172, 226;
a totem of the Ahzotzils, a Maya tribe, 172
CAMULATZ. Bird in the Kiche story of the creation, 209
CANARIS. Indian tribe; the myth of their origin, 318–319
CANEK. King of Chichen-Itza; the story of, 189
CANNIBALISM. Among the Mexicans, 45
CAPACAHUANA. Houses for pilgrims to Titicaca at, 311
CARAPUCU. I. Hill; in myth of Thonapa, 320.
II. Lake; in myth of Thonapa, 320
CARAVAYA. Mountain; in myth of Thonapa, 320
CARMENCA. The hill of, at Cuzco; pillars on, for determining the solstices, 265–266, 287
CARUYUCHU HUAYALLO. Peruvian deity to whom children were sacrificed; in a myth of Paricaca, 326
CASA DEL ADIVINO (The Prophet’s House). Ruin at Uxmal, called also “The Dwarf’s House,” 192;
the legend relating to, 192–194
CASA DEL GOBERNADOR (Governor’s Palace). Ruin at Uxmal, 191
CASAS GRANDES (Large Houses). Mexican ruin, 32
CASTILLO, EL. Ruined pyramid-temple at Chichen-Itza, 188, 190
CAUAC. A minor Maya deity, 170
CAVILLACA. A maiden; the myth of Coniraya Viracocha and, 321–323
CAXAMARCA. Inca fortress, 290
CAY HUN-APU (Royal Hunter). The Kakchiquels and the defeat of, 159
CCAPAC-COCHA. Sacrificial rite, instituted by Pachacutic, 286
CCAPAC-HUARI. Eleventh Inca, 288, 289
CCAPAC RAYMI. The chief Peruvian festival, 267;
Auqui, order of knighthood, conferred at, 287
CCAPAC SITŬA (or CCOYA RAYMI) (Moon Feast). Peruvian festival, 267
CCAPAC YUPANQUI. Fifth Inca, 283
CCOMPAS. Agricultural fetishes of the Peruvians, 294
CEMPOHUALLI. The Mexican month, 40
CENTEOTL. I. Group of maize-gods, 85.
II. A male maize-spirit, 85, 90;
God E similar to, 174.
III. Mother of II, known also as Teteoinnan and Tocitzin, 85, 90
CENTZONUITZNAUA. Mythical Indian tribe; in myth of Huitzilopochtli’s origin, 70–72
CHAC. Maya rain-god, tutelar of the cast, 170;
has affinities with Tlaloc, 176;
God K not identical with, 176
CHACAMARCA. River in Peru; Thonapa and, 320
CHACHIUHNENETZIN. Wife of Nezahualpilli, 129–132
CHACRAS. Estates dedicated to the sun by the Peruvians, 310
CHALCAS. Aztec tribe, 233
CHALCHIHUITLICUE (Lady of the Emerald Robe). Wife of Tlaloc, 75, 77, 110;
assists the maize-goddess, 86
CHALCHIUH TLATONAC (Shining Precious Stone). First king of the Toltecs, 14
“CHAMAYHUARISCA” (The Song of Joy). Manco Ccapac sings, 321
CHANCA. A Peruvian people; and the Incas, 282
CHARNAY, D. Excavations on the site of Teotihuacan, 33;
excavations at Tollan, 34;
and Lorillard, 195
CHASCA. The Peruvian name for the planet Venus; the temple of, at Cuzco, 262
CHIAPAS. Mexican province; the nucleus of Maya civilisation lay in, 144, 149
CHIBCHAS. A Peruvian race, 275–277
CHICHAN-CHOB. Ruin at Chichen-Itza, 189
CHICHEN-ITZA. Sacred city of the Maya; founded by Itzaes, 153;
overthrown by Cocomes, 153, 155;
assists in conquering Cocomes, 156;
abandoned, 156;
ruins at, 188–190;
and the story of Canek, 189
CHICHICASTENANGO. The Convent of; and the Popol Vuh, 207
CHICHICS. Agricultural fetishes of the Peruvians, 294
CHICHIMECS. Aztec tribe; invade Toltec territory, 18;
the great migration, 20;
supreme in Toltec country, 20;
probably related to Otomi, 25;
allied with Nahua and adopt Nahua language, 26;
conquered by Tecpanecs, 51
CHICOMECOHUATL (Seven-serpent). Chief maize-goddess of Mexico, 85–88;
image of, erroneously called Teoyaominqui by early Americanists, 88–90
CHICOMOZTOC (The Seven Caverns). Nahua said to have originated at, 11;
and Aztec idea of origin of mankind, 123;
identified with “seven cities of Cibola” and the Casas Grandes, 123;
parallel with the Kiche Tulan-Zuiva, 230
CHICUHCOATL. In the story of the vicious princess, 130
CHIHUAHUA. Mexican province, 31
CHILAN BALAM. Maya priest; the prophecy of, 8
CHIMALMAT. Wife of Vukub-Cakix; in a Kiche myth, 211–213
CHIMALPAHIN. Mexican chronicler, 42
CHIMU. The plain of; ruined city on, 271;
the palace, 271–272;
<
br /> the ruins display an advanced civilisation, 272–273
CHINCHERO. Inca ruins at, 269
CHIPI-CAKULHA (Lightning-flash). A sub-god of Hurakan, 237
CHOIMA (Beautiful Water). One of the first women of the Popol Vuh myth, 230
CHOLULA. Sacred city inhabited by Acolhuans, 47, 48;
the pottery of, 23
CHONTALS. Aboriginal Mexican race, 23
CHOQUE SUSO. Maiden; the myth of Paricaca and, 327
CHULPAS. Megalithic mummy tombs of Peru, 263
CHUROQUELLA. A name of the Peruvian thunder-god, 299
“CITADEL,” THE, at Teotihuacan, 33
CITALLATONAC. Mexican deity; in a flood-myth, 123
CITALLINICUE. Mexican deity; in a flood-myth, 123
CITATLI (Moon). A form of the Mexican moon-goddess, 106
CITLALPOL (The Great Star). Mexican name of the planet Venus, 96
CITOC RAYMI (Gradually Increasing Sun). Peruvian festival, 312–313
CIUAPIPILTIN (Honoured Women). Spirits of women who had died in childbed, 108, 138
CIVILISATION.
I. Of Mexico, 1–53;
indigenous origin of, 1;
type of, 9.
II. Of Peru, 248–290;
indigenous origin of, 1, 259;
inferior to the Mexican and Mayan, 248.
III. Of the Andeans, 249
CLAVIGERO, THE ABBÉ. His work on Mexican lore, 57–58
“CLIFF-DWELLERS.” Mexican race related to the Nahua, 24, 25
CLIFF PALACE CAÑON, Colorado, 229
COAAPAN. Place in Mexico, 65
COATEPEC.
I. Mexican province, 62, 63.
II. Mountain, 70
COATI. An island on Lake Titicaca; ruined temple on, 270–271
COATLANTONA (Robe of Serpents). A name of Coatlicue, Huitzilopochtli’s mother, 73
COATLICUE. Mother of Huitzilopochtli, 70–71;
as Coatlantona, 73
COCAMAMA. Guardian spirit of the coca-shrub in Peru, 295
COCHTAN. Place in Mexico, 65
COCOCHALLO. An irrigation channel; in a myth of Paricaca, 327
COCOMES. A tribe inhabiting Mayapan; overthrow Chichen-Itza, 153;
their tyranny and sway, 154–155;
conquered by allies, 156;
remnant found Zotuta, 156
CODEX PEREZIANUS. Maya manuscript, 160
COGOLLUDO, D. LOPEZ. And the story of Canek, 189
COH, PRINCE. In the story of Queen Móo, 240, 244, 246
COHUATZINCATL (He who has Grandparents). A pulque-god, 105
COLCAMPATA, THE, at Cuzco. The palace on, 269
COLHUACAN.
I. Mexican city, 20, 26, 233.
II. King of; father of the sacrificed princess, 124
COLLA-SUYU. One of the four racial divisions of ancient Peru, 255
CON. Thunder-god of Collao of Peru, 78, 299
CONFESSION among the Mexicans, 106, 108;
Tlazolteotl the goddess of, 106;
accounts of the ceremony, 106–110
CONIRAYA VIRACOCHA. A Peruvian nature-spirit; the myth of Cavillaca and, 321–323
CONTICI (The Thunder Vase). Peruvian deity representing the thunderstorm, 301
CONTICSI-VIRACOCHA (He who gives Origin). Peruvian conception of the creative agency, 304
CONTI-SUYU. One of the four racial divisions of ancient Peru, 255
COPACAHUANA. Idol associated with the worship of Lake Titicaca, 298
COPACATI. Idol associated with the worship of Lake Titicaca, 298
COPAL. Prince; in legend of foundation of Mexico, 28
COPAN. Maya city; sculptural remains at, 196;
evidence at, of a new racial type, 196–197
CORICANCHA (Town of Gold). Temple of the sun at Cuzco, 260–262;
built by Pachacutic, 286;
image of the thunder-god in, 300
CORTÉS. Lands at Vera Cruz, 7;
mistaken for Quetzalcoatl, 7, 80;
the incident of the death of his horse at Peten-Itza, 195
COTZBALAM. Bird in the Kiche story of the creation, 209
COXOH CHOL dialect, 145
COYOHUACAN. Mexican city, 50
COYOLXAUHQUI. Daughter of Coatlicue, 70–72
COYOTL INAUAL. A god of the Amantecas; and Quetzalcoatl, 79
COZAANA. A Zapotec deity; in creation-myth, 121
COZCAAPA (Water of Precious Stones). A fountain; in a Quetzalcoatl myth, 65
COZCATZIN CODEX, 92
COZUMEL. The island of, 154
CREATION. Mexican conceptions of, 118–120;
the legend given by Ixtlilxochitl, 119–120;
the Mixtec legend of, 120–121;
the Zapotec legend of, 121–122;
the Kiche story of, in the Popol Vuh, 209;
of man, the Popol Vuh myth of, 229–230;
of man, a Peruvian myth of, 256;
the Inca conception of, 257–258, 305;
local Peruvian myths, 258–259
CROSS, THE. A symbol of the four winds in Mexico and Peru, 273;
account of the discovery of a wooden, 274–275
CUCHUMAQUIQ. Father of Xquiq; in Popol Vuh myth, 222
CUITLAVACAS. Aztec tribe, 233
CURI-COYLLUR (Joyful Star). Daughter of Yupanqui Pachacutic; in the drama Apu-Ollanta, 251–253
CUYCHA. Peruvian name for the rainbow; temple of, at Cuzco, 262
CUZCO (Navel of the Universe). The ancient capital of the Incas, 248;
and the racial division of Peru, 255;
in the legend of Manco Ccapac, 256;
a great culture-centre, 256;
founded by the sun-god, 258;
the Coricancha at, 260–262;
power under Pachacutic, 285
D
DISCOVERY. American myths relating to the, 6
DRESDEN CODEX. Maya manuscript, 160
DRINK-GODS, Mexican, 104–105
“DWARF’S HOUSE, THE.” Ruin at Uxmal, 192;
legend relating to, 192–194
E
EARTH-MOTHER. See Teteoinnan
EDUCATION. In Mexico, 115–116
EHECATL (The Air). Form of Quetzalcoatl, 84
EKCHUAH. Maya god of merchants and cacao-planters, 170, 177;
God L thought to be, 176;
probably parallel to Yacatecutli, 177
“EMERALD FOWL,” THE, 186
ETZALQUALIZTLI (When they eat Bean Food). Festival of Tlaloc, 77
F
FATHER AND MOTHER GODS, Mexican, 103–104
FIRE-GOD, Mexican, 95
FISH-GODS, Peruvian, 306
FLOOD-MYTHS, 122–123, 323–324
FOOD-GODS, Mexican, 91
FÖRSTEMANN, DR. And the Maya writing, 162, 163;
on God L, 176
FU SANG and America, 3
G
GAMA, ANTONIO. His work on Mexican lore and antiquities, 58
GHANAN. Name given to God E by Brinton, 174
GOD A of Dr. Schellhas’ system; a death-god, 172–173;
thought to resemble the Aztec Xipe, 174
GOD B. Doubtless Quetzalcoatl, 173
GOD C. A god of the pole-star, 173
GOD D. A moon-god, probably Itzamna, 173
GOD E. A maize-god, similar to Centeotl, 174
GOD F. Resembles God A, 174
GOD G. A sun-god, 174
GOD H. 174
GOD K. Probably a god of the Quetzalcoatl group, 175–176
GOD L. Probably an earth-god, 176
GOD M. Probably a god of travelling merchants, 176–177
GOD N. Probably god of the “unlucky days,” 177
GOD P. A frog-god, 177
GODDESS I. A water-goddess, 175
GODDESS O. Probably tutelar of married women, 177
GODS. Connection of, with war and the food-supply, 74;
Nahua conception of the limited productivity of food and rain deities, 77;
&
nbsp; American myth rich in hero-gods, 237
GOMARA, F. L. DE. Work on Mexican lore, 58
GUACHIMINES (Darklings). Inhabitants of the primeval earth in Peruvian myth, 301
GUAMANSURI. The first of mortals in Peruvian myth, 301
GUATEMALA.
I. The state; the Maya of, 157–159.
II. The city; the lost Popol Vuh found in, 207
GUCUMATZ (Serpent with Green Feathers). Kiche form of Quetzalcoatl, worshipped in Guatemala, 83, 167, 236;
in the Kiche story of the creation, 209
GWYNETH, OWEN, father of Madoc, 5
H
HACAVITZ.
I. The god assigned to Mahacutah in the Kiche story of the creation, 230;
turned into stone, 231.
II. Mountain at which the Kiche first saw the sun, 231
HAKLUYT. His English Voyages, cited, 5
HASTU-HUARACA. Chieftain of the Antahuayllas; defeated by Pachacutic, 284–285;
joins with Pachacutic, 285
HENRY VII. His patronage of early American explorers, 6
HERNANDEZ, Father. And the goddess Ix chebel yax, 170
HOUSE OF BATS. Abode of the bat-god, 171;
mentioned in Popol Vuh myth, 226
HOUSE OF COLD. In the Kiche Hades, 226
HOUSE OF DARKNESS. Ruin at Aké, 186
HOUSE OF FEATHERS. Toltec edifice, 15
HOUSE OF FIRE. In the Kiche Hades, 226
HOUSE OF GLOOM. In the Kiche Hades, 221, 225
HOUSE OF LANCES. In the Kiche Hades, 226
HOUSE OF TIGERS. In the Kiche Hades, 226
HRDLICKA, DR. And Mexican cliff-dwellings, 24
HUACAQUAN. Mountain; in the myth of origin of the Canaris, 318
HUACAS. Sacred objects of the Peruvians, 294
HUAINA CCAPAC (The Young Chief). Eleventh Inca, 7, 288–289;
and the lake-goddess of Titicaca, 299
HUAMANTANTAC. Peruvian deity responsible for the gathering of sea-birds, 296
HUANCA. Peruvian race; allied against the Incas, 282, 285
HUANCAS. Agricultural fetishes of the Peruvians, 294
HUANTAY-SARA. Idol representing the tutelary spirit of the maize plant, 295
HUARCANS. The Inca Tupac and, 288
HUARCO (The Gibbet). The valley of; the Inca Tupac and the natives of, 288
HUARIS (Great Ones). Ancestors of the aristocrats of a tribe in Peru; reverence paid to, 296
HUAROCHIRI. Village; in Coniraya myth, 323
HUASCAR, or TUPAC-CUSI-HUALLPA (The Sun makes Joy). Son of the Inca Huaina Ccapac, 7;
strives for the crown with Atauhuallpa, 289–290
HUASTECA. Aboriginal Mexican race of Maya stock, 23, 147–148;
