Enough Is Enough

by Rob Dietz

  19. The Big Issue, “About Us,” http://www.bigissue.com/about-us (accessed March 3, 2012).

  20. International Co-operative Alliance, “Statement on the Co-operative Identity” (May 26, 2007), http://www.ica.coop/coop/principles.html (accessed March 5, 2012).

  21. Douglas Booth, “The Macroeconomics of a Steady State,” Review of Social Economy 52, no. 2 (1994): 2–21.

  22. Douglas Booth, Regional Long Waves, Uneven Growth, and the Cooperative Alternative (New York: Praeger Publishers, 1987), 67–78.

  23. James Hall, “John Lewis Has Come out of the Recession Fighting,” The Telegraph, December 19, 2009, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/retailandconsumer/6844453/John-Lewis-has-come-out-of-the-recession-fighting.html (accessed October 20, 2011).

  24. Co-Operative Group Limited, “The Co-operative Membership,” http://www.co-operative.coop/membership/ (accessed October 20, 2011).

  25. Mondragon Corporation, “Mondragon,” http://www.mondragon-corporation.com/language/en-US/ENG.aspx (accessed February 16, 2012).

  26. André Reichel, “Workshop 9: Business and Production” (Steady State Economy Conference, Leeds, U.K., June 19, 2010), http://steadystate.org/wp-content/uploads/WS9_Proposal_Business.pdf (accessed October 20, 2011).

  27. Doeringer, “Fostering Social Enterprise,” 295.

  28. As of March 2, 2012, there were 6,217 registered CICs in the United Kingdom. Source: The Regulator of Community Interest Companies, “Community Interest Company Register,” http://www.bis.gov.uk/cicregulator/cic-register (accessed March 2, 2012).

  29. The Regulator of Community Interest Companies, “Community Interest Companies: Frequently Asked Questions” (2009): 10, http://www.bis.gov.uk/cicregulator/leaflets (accessed March 2, 2012).

  30. Reichel, “Workshop 9: Business and Production.”

  31. The Natural Step Network, “Solutions for Business,” http://www.naturalstep.org/en/usa/solutions-business (accessed March 5, 2012).

  32. Praxiom Research Group Limited, “ISO 14001 2004 Translated into Plain English” (December 22, 2011), http://www.praxiom.com/iso-14001-2004.htm (accessed March 5, 2012).

  33. International Organization for Standardization, “ISO 26000:2010” (2011), http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail?csnumber=42546 (accessed March 5, 2012).

  34. Reichel, “Workshop 9: Business and Production.”

  35. Ibid.

  36. SROI Network, “What Is Social Return on Investment?” http://www.thesroinetwork.org/what-is-sroi (accessed March 3, 2012).

  37. Doeringer, “Fostering Social Enterprise,” 323.

  38. Adam Liptak, “Justices, 5–4, Reject Corporate Spending Limit,” New York Times, January 21, 2010, http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/22/us/politics/22scotus.html? pagewanted=all (accessed March 5, 2012).

  39. Tiffany Ray, “Riverside: Lawyer Advocates Rescinding Corporate Rights,” The Press-Enterprise, March 1, 2012, http://www.pe.com/business/business-headlines/20120301-riverside-lawyer-advocates-rescinding-corporate-rights.ece (accessed March 5, 2012).

  40. Buckminster Fuller Institute, “Buckminster Fuller Challenge,” http://challenge.bfi.org/movie (accessed February 16, 2012).

  41. The Collins Companies, “The Company—Commitment,” http://www.collinsco.com/commitment/ (accessed November 7, 2011).

  CHAPTER 12: ENOUGH MATERIALISM

  1. Clive Hamilton and Richard Denniss, Affluenza: When Too Much Is Never Enough (Crows Nest, Australia: Allen and Unwin, 2005), 24.

  2. David Fell, “Workshop 7: Changing Behaviour (The Psychology of Consumerism)” (Steady State Economy Conference, Leeds, U.K., June 19, 2010), http://steadystate.org/wp-content/uploads/WS7_Proposal_ChangingBehaviour.pdf (accessed November 21, 2011).

  3. See Oliver James, Affluenza (London: Vermillion, 2007); Neal Lawson, All Consuming (London: Penguin Books, 2009); Tim Kasser, The High Price of Materialism (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2002); and John de Graaf, David Wann, and Thomas Naylor, Affluenza: The All-Consuming Epidemic (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2001).

  4. Thorstein Veblen, The Theory of the Leisure Class (New York: MacMillan, 1899).

  5. Victor Lebow, “Price Competition in 1955,” Journal of Retailing (Spring 1955), http://classroom.sdmesa.edu/pjacoby/journal-of-retailing.pdf (accessed January 6, 2012).

  6. Annie Leonard, “The Story of Stuff” (December 4, 2007), http://www.storyofstuff.org/movies-all/story-of-stuff/ (accessed January 6, 2012).

  7. Christer Sanne, Keynes Barnbarn: En Bättre Framtid med Arbete och Välfärd [Keynes’ Grandchildren: Looking for a Better Future with Work and Welfare] (Stockholm: Formas, 2007).

  8. Dan Heath and Chip Heath, The Myth of the Garage and Other Minor Surprises (New York: Crown Publishing Group, 2011), 21.

  9. Ibid., 22.

  10. Lebow, “Price Competition in 1955.”

  11. Duane Elgin, Voluntary Simplicity: Toward a Way of Life That Is Outwardly Simple, Inwardly Rich (New York: William Morrow and Company, 1993).

  12. Jody Aked et al., Five Ways to Well-Being (London: New Economics Foundation, 2008).

  13. Paul Gilding, “The Mother of All Conflicts: Infinite Economic Growth vs. a Finite Planet” (Cressman Lecture in the Humanities, University of Oregon, Eugene, November 15, 2011), http://media.uoregon.edu/channel/2011/11/15/the-mother-of-all-conflicts-infinite-economic-growth-vs-a-finite-planet/ (accessed November 22, 2011).

  14. Fell, “Workshop 7: Changing Behaviour (The Psychology of Consumerism).”

  15. Ibid.

  16. Rob Hopkins, The Transition Handbook: From Oil Dependency to Local Resilience (White River Junction, Vt.: Chelsea Green Publishing, 2008).

  17. “Idea: Planned Obsolescence,” The Economist, May 23, 2009, http://www.economist.com/node/13354332 (accessed January 9, 2012).

  18. Tirtha Dhar and Kathy Baylis, “Fast Food Consumption and the Ban on Advertising Targeting Children: The Quebec Experience,” Journal of Marketing Research 48, no. 5 (October 2011): 799–813.

  19. Heath and Heath, The Myth of the Garage and Other Minor Surprises, 22.

  20. Fell, “Workshop 7: Changing Behaviour (The Psychology of Consumerism).”

  CHAPTER 13: ENOUGH SILENCE

  1. Tim Adams, “Margaret Atwood on a Voyage to the World’s End,” The Observer, August 29, 2009, http://www.guardian.co.uk/theobserver/2009/aug/30/margaret-atwood-novel-ecology (accessed January 30, 2012).

  2. Patti Domm, “Economic Growth Picks Up, So Why All the Gloom?” CNBC Executive News, January 27, 2012, http://www.cnbc.com/id/46163831 (accessed January 27, 2012).

  3. Associated Press, “Bright Spot in Europe: Poland’s Economy Grows 4.3 Percent in 2011 Despite Euro Troubles,” The Washington Post, January 27, 2012, http://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/polands-economic-growth-accelerated-to-43-percent-in-2011-despite-euro-troubles/2012/01/27/gIQAbJEtUQ_story.html (accessed January 27, 2012).

  4. Iain Laing, “Scotland Is Celebrating GDP Growth,” The Journal, January 19, 2012, http://www.nebusiness.co.uk/business-news/latest-business-news/2012/01/19/scotland-is-celebrating-gdp-growth-51140-30153271/ (accessed January 26, 2012).

  5. Emily Kaiser, “Analysis: Asia’s Economic Growth Slipping into Neutral,” Reuters, January 19, 2012, http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/01/19/us-asia-economy-idUSTRE80I0E420120119 (accessed January 27, 2012).

  6. Binyamin Appelbaum, “Fed Signals That a Full Recovery Is Years Away,” New York Times, January 26, 2012, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/26/business/economy/fed-to-maintain-rates-near-zero-through-late-2014.html (accessed January 26, 2012).

  7. Pamela Sampson, “World Stock Markets Fall as Improvement in US Economic Growth Falls Short of Investor Hopes,” The Washington Post, January 27, 2012, http://www.washingtonpost.com/business/markets/world-stock-markets-muted-ahead-of-us-economic-growth-figures-for-fourth-quarter/2012/01/27/gIQABpWAVQ_story.html (accessed January 27, 2012).

  8. Michael Steininger, “An End to Cut, Cut, Cut? Merkel and Sarkozy Agree to Focus on Growth,” Christian Sc
ience Monitor, January 9, 2012, http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Europe/2012/0109/An-end-to-cut-cut-cut-Merkel-and-Sarkozy-agree-to-focus-on-growth (accessed January 27, 2012).

  9. Hans Nichols, “Obama Says He Is ‘Hopeful’ for 2012, Greater Economic Growth,” Bloomberg Businessweek, January 11, 2012, http://www.businessweek.com/news/2012-01-11/obama-says-he-is-hopeful-for-2012-greater-economic-growth.html (accessed January 26, 2012).

  10. Nicholas Winning, “Bold Action Can Fuel European Growth, Says British Prime Minister,” The Wall Street Journal, January 27, 2012, http://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/wall-street-journal/bold-action-can-fuel-european-growth-says-british-prime-minister/story-fnay3ubk-1226254991572 (accessed January 27, 2012).

  11. Daly, “Economics in a Full World” (cited in chap. 5, n. 11).

  12. Eric Zencey, “Mr. Soddy’s Ecological Economy,” New York Times, April 11, 2009, http://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/12/opinion/12zencey.html (accessed January 27, 2012).

  13. Wendell Berry, “Faustian Economics: Hell Hath No Limits,” Harper’s Magazine, May 2008, 35–42.

  14. Stoll, “Fear of Fallowing” (cited in chap. 2, n. 10).

  15. “The Folly of Growth,” Special Issue, New Scientist 200, no. 2678 (October 18, 2008).

  16. Cecilia Rouse, question-and-answer session following “Closing Discussion: Progress of the Obama Administration in Moving toward a Green Economy” (10th National Conference on Science, Policy and the Environment, National Council for Science and the Environment, Washington, D.C., January 22, 2010).

  17. Jimmy Carter, “‘Crisis of Confidence’ Speech (July 15, 1979)” (Miller Center, University of Virginia), http://millercenter.org/scripps/archive/speeches/detail/3402 (accessed January 27, 2012).

  18. Center for the Advancement of the Steady State Economy, “CASSE Position on Economic Growth” (cited in chap. 4, n. 28).

  19. Ian Christie, “Workshop 6: Engaging Politicians and the Media” (Steady State Economy Conference, Leeds, U.K., June 19, 2010), http://steadystate.org/wp-content/uploads/WS6_Proposal_Engagement1.pdf (accessed February 18, 2011).

  20. Spanner Films, “Franny Armstrong,” http://www.spannerfilms.net/people/franny_armstrong (accessed January 29, 2012).

  21. Dan Kahan, “Fixing the Communications Failure,” Nature 463 (January 21, 2010): 296–297.

  22. Paris: “First International Conference on Economic De-growth for Ecological Sustainability and Social Equity” (April 2008), http://events.it-sudparis.eu/degrowthconference/en/; Barcelona: “Second International Conference on Economic Degrowth for Ecological Sustainability and Social Equity” (March 2010), http://barcelona.degrowth.org/; Montreal: “International Conference on De-growth in the Americas” (May 2012), http://montreal.degrowth.org/; Vienna: “Growth in Transition” (January 2010), http://www.growthintransition.eu/engagement/conference/; and Leeds: “The Steady State Economy Conference: Working towards an Alternative to Economic Growth” (June 2010), http://steady state.org/leeds2010/ (all conference webpages accessed January 30, 2012).

  23. Research & Degrowth, “Degrowth Declaration of the Paris 2008 Conference” (cited in chap. 4, n. 26).

  24. Brian Czech, “The Foundation of a New Conservation Movement: Professional Society Positions on Economic Growth,” BioScience 57, no. 1 (2007): 6.

  25. Inge Røpke, “Trends in the Development of Ecological Economics from the Late 1980s to the Early 2000s,” Ecological Economics 55, no. 2 (2005): 262–290.

  26. Roger Lowenstein, “Occupy Wall Street: It’s Not a Hippie Thing,” Bloomberg Businessweek, October 27, 2011, http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/occupy-wall-street-its-not-a-hippie-thing-10272011.html (accessed February 18, 2012).

  CHAPTER 14: ENOUGH UNILATERALISM

  1. Schumacher, A Guide for the Perplexed (cited in chap. 1, n. 1), 1.

  2. Tom Boden, Gregg Marland, and Bob Andres, “Fossil-Fuel CO2 Emissions” (Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory), http://cdiac.ornl.gov/trends/emis/meth_reg.html (accessed January 14, 2012).

  3. World Coal Association, “Uses of Coal” (2012), http://www.worldcoal.org/coal/uses-of-coal/ (accessed January 14, 2012).

  4. H. L. Wesseling, Divide and Rule: The Partition of Africa, 1880–1914, translated by Arnold Pomerans (Westport, Conn.: Praeger Publishers, 1996), 113–114.

  5. M. E. Chamberlain, The Scramble for Africa (London: Longman Group, 1974), 55.

  6. Wesseling, Divide and Rule, 114–115.

  7. Chamberlain, The Scramble for Africa, 99.

  8. For Harvard and Vanderbilt, see John Vidal and Claire Provost, “US Universities in Africa ‘Land Grab,’” The Guardian, June 8, 2011, http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/jun/08/us-universities-africa-land-grab (accessed January 11, 2012); for Saudi Arabia, Daewoo, and Britain, see John Vidal, “How Food and Water Are Driving a 21st-Century African Land Grab,” The Observer, March 6, 2010, http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2010/mar/07/food-water-africa-land-grab (accessed January 11, 2012); and for Chinese businesses, see Jin Zhu, “China, Africa Forge Farming Ties,” China Daily, August 12, 2010, http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2010-08/12/content_11141295.htm (accessed January 11, 2012).

  9. “Buying Farmland Abroad: Outsourcing’s Third Wave,” The Economist, May 21, 2009, http://www.economist.com/node/13692889 (accessed January 11, 2012).

  10. Vidal and Provost, “US Universities in Africa ‘Land Grab.’”

  11. Shepard Daniel and Anuradha Mittal, The Great Land Grab: Rush for the World’s Farmland Threatens Food Security for the Poor (Oakland, Calif.: The Oakland Institute, 2009).

  12. Angus Maddison, The World Economy: Historical Statistics (Paris: Development Centre of the OECD, 2003).

  13. Assadourian, “The Rise and Fall of Consumer Cultures” (cited in chap. 3, n. 5).

  14. United Nations Development Programme, Human Development Report 2007/2008: Fighting Climate Change: Human Solidarity in a Divided World (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007), 25, http://hdr.undp.org/en/reports/global/hdr2007-8/ (accessed November 30, 2011).

  15. Simon Kuznets, “Economic Growth and Income Inequality,” American Economic Review 45, no. 1 (March 1955): 1–28.

  16. Amy Richmond and Eric Zencey, “Environmental Kuznets Curve,” in Encyclopedia of Earth, edited by Cutler Cleveland (Washington, D.C.: National Council for Science and the Environment, 2006), http://www.eoearth.org/article/Environmental_kuznets_curve (accessed August 25, 2010).

  17. Ha Joon Chang, Kicking Away the Ladder: Development Strategy in Historical Perspective (London: Anthem Press, 2002); Graham Dunkley, Free Trade: Myth, Reality and Alternatives (London: Zed Books, 2004); David Stern, “The Rise and Fall of the Environmental Kuznets Curve,” World Development 32, no. 8 (2004): 1419–1439; and Julianne Mills and Thomas Waite, “Economic Prosperity, Biodiversity Conservation, and the Environmental Kuznets Curve,” Ecological Economics 68 (2009): 2087–2095.

  18. Ha Joon Chang, “Hamlet without the Prince of Denmark: How Development Has Disappeared from Today’s Development Discourse,” in Towards New Developmentalism: Market as Means Rather than Master, edited by Shahrukh Rafi Khan and Jens Christiansen, 47–58 (Abingdon, Canada: Routledge, 2010).

  19. Marco Sakai, “Workshop 10: Global Issues” (Steady State Economy Conference, Leeds, U.K., June 19, 2010), http://steadystate.org/wp-content/uploads/WS10_Proposal_GlobalIssues.pdf (accessed October 3, 2011).

  20. Charles Wheelan, Naked Economics: Undressing the Dismal Science (New York: W. W. Norton, 2010), 4.

  21. Nick Squires, “Tuna Fishing Ban for South Pacific Zones,” The Telegraph, May 30, 2008, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/earthnews/3343197/Tuna-fishing-ban-for-South-Pacific-zones.html (accessed January 16, 2012).

  22. Andrew Simms, Dan Moran, and Peter Chowla, The UK Interdependence Report: How the World Sustains the Nation’s Lifestyles and the Price It Pays (London: New Economics Foundation, 2006).

  23. Pinelopi Goldberg and Nina Pavcnik, “Trade, Inequality, and Poverty: What Do We Know?
Evidence from Recent Trade Liberalization Episodes in Developing Countries,” in Globalization, Poverty, and Inequality, edited by Carol Graham and Susan Collins, 223–269 (Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 2004).

  24. Massoud Karshenas, The Impact of the Global Financial and Economic Crisis on LDC Economies (New York: United Nations–OHRLLS, 2009), http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/8021/1/Financial_crisis_and_LDCs.pdf (accessed June 14, 2010).

  25. United Nations, The Millennium Development Goals Report 2009 (New York: United Nations), http://www.endpoverty2015.org/files/MDG%20Report%202009%20ENG%2014-06-23.pdf (accessed June 13, 2010).

  26. O’Neill, “Measuring Progress in the Degrowth Transition to a Steady State Economy” (cited in chap. 9, n. 17).

  27. Ibid.

  28. Booth, “The Macroeconomics of a Steady State” (cited in chap. 11, n. 21).

  29. United Nations Environment Programme, Organic Agriculture and Food Security in Africa (New York: United Nations, 2008), http://www.unctad.org/en/docs/ditcted200715_en.pdf (accessed January 21, 2012).

  30. Ibid.

  31. Sakai, “Workshop 10: Global Issues.”

  32. Ibid.

  33. Peter Victor and Gideon Rosenbluth, “Managing without Growth,” Ecological Economics 61 (2007): 492–504.

  34. Sakai, “Workshop 10: Global Issues.”

  35. United Nations Development Programme, Human Development Report 2005: International Cooperation at a Crossroads: Aid, Trade and Security in an Unequal World (New York: United Nations Development Programme, 2005), http://hdr.undp.org/en/reports/global/hdr2005/ (accessed June 14, 2010).

  36. Adam Smith, An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776; London: T. Nelson and Sons, 1865); and Leopold Kohr, The Breakdown of Nations (1957; New York: E. P. Dutton, 1978).

  37. Smith, An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, 231.

  38. Kohr, The Breakdown of Nations, 82.

  CHAPTER 15: ENOUGH WAITING

  1. Paul Hawken, “Commencement: Healing or Stealing” (University of Portland, May 3, 2009), http://www.up.edu/commencement/default.aspx?cid=9456 (accessed February 20, 2012).