One Thousand and One Nights

by Richard Burton

  Presently a villager passed by [the pit and finding] her [alive,] carried her to his house and tended her, [till she recovered]. Now, he had a son, and when the young man saw her, he loved her and besought her of herself; but she refused and consented not to him, whereupon he redoubled in love and longing and despite prompted him to suborn a youth of the people of his village and agree with him that he should come by night and take somewhat from his father’s house and that, when he was discovered, he should say that she was of accord with him in this and avouch that she was his mistress and had been stoned on his account in the city. So he did this and coming by night to the villager’s house, stole therefrom goods and clothes; whereupon the old man awoke and seizing the thief, bound him fast and beat him, to make him confess. So he confessed against the woman that she had prompted him to this and that he was her lover from the city. The news was bruited abroad and the people of the city assembled to put her to death; but the old man, with whom she was, forbade them and said, ‘I brought this woman hither, coveting the recompense [of God,] and I know not [the truth of] that which is said of her and will not suffer any to hurt her.’ Then he gave her a thousand dirhems, by way of alms, and put her forth of the village. As for the thief, he was imprisoned for some days; after which the folk interceded for him with the old man, saying, ‘This is a youth and indeed he erred;’ and he released him.

  Meanwhile, the woman went out at hazard and donning devotee’s apparel, fared on without ceasing, till she came to a city and found the king’s deputies dunning the towns-folk for the tribute, out of season. Presently, she saw a man, whom they were pressing for the tribute; so she enquired of his case and being acquainted therewith, paid down the thousand dirhems for him and delivered him from beating; whereupon he thanked her and those who were present. When he was set free, he accosted her and besought her to go with him to his dwelling. So she accompanied him thither and supped with him and passed the night. When the night darkened on him, his soul prompted him to evil, for that which he saw of her beauty and loveliness, and he lusted after her and required her [of love]; but she repelled him and bade him fear God the Most High and reminded him of that which she had done with him of kindness and how she had delivered him from beating and humiliation.

  However, he would not be denied, and when he saw her [constant] refusal of herself to him, he feared lest she should tell the folk of him. So, when he arose in the morning, he took a scroll and wrote in it what he would of forgery and falsehood and going up to the Sultan’s palace, said, ‘[I have] an advisement [for the king].’ So he bade admit him and he delivered him the writ that he had forged, saying, ‘I found this letter with the woman, the devotee, the ascetic, and indeed she is a spy, a secret informer against the king to his enemy; and I deem the king’s due more incumbent on me than any other and his advisement the first [duty], for that he uniteth in himself all the people, and but for the king’s presence, the subjects would perish; wherefore I have brought [thee] warning.’ The king put faith in his words and sent with him those who should lay hands upon the woman and put her to death; but they found her not.

  As for the woman, whenas the man went out from her, she resolved to depart; so she went forth, saying in herself, ‘There is no journeying for me in woman’s attire.’ Then she donned men’s apparel, such as is worn of the pious, and set out and wandered over the earth; nor did she leave going till she entered a certain city. Now the king of that city had an only daughter in whom he gloried and whom he loved, and she saw the devotee and deeming her a pilgrim youth, said to her father, ‘I would fain have this youth take up his abode with me, so I may learn of him wisdom and renunciation and religion.’ Her father rejoiced in this and commanded the [supposed] pilgrim to take up his sojourn with his daughter in his palace. Now they were in one place and the king’s daughter was strenuous to the utterest in continence and chastity and nobility of mind and magnanimity and devotion to the worship of God; but the ignorant slandered her and the folk of the realm said, ‘The king’s daughter loveth the pilgrim youth and he loveth her.’

  Now the king was a very old man and destiny decreed the ending of his term of life; so he died and when he was buried, the folk assembled and many were the sayings of the people and of the king’s kinsfolk and officers, and they took counsel together to slay the princess and the young pilgrim, saying, ‘This fellow dishonoureth us with yonder strumpet and none accepteth dishonour but the base.’ So they fell upon them and slew the princess, without questioning her of aught; whereupon the pious woman (whom they deemed a boy) said to them, ‘Out on ye, O misbelievers I Ye have slain the pious lady.’ Quoth they, ‘Lewd fellow that thou art, dost thou bespeak us thus? Thou lovedst her and she loved thee, and we will slay thee without mercy.’ ‘God forbid!’ answered she, ‘Indeed, the affair is the contrary of this.’ ‘What proof hast thou of that?’ asked they, and she said, ‘Bring me women.’ So they brought her women, and when they looked on her, they found her a woman.

  When the townsfolk saw this, they repented of that which they had done and the affair was grievous to them; so they sought pardon [of God] and said to her, ‘ By the virtue of Him whom thou servest, do thou seek pardon for us [of God!]’ Quoth she, ‘As for me, I may no longer abide with you and I am about to depart from you.’ Then they humbled themselves in supplication to her and wept and said to her, ‘We conjure thee, by the virtue of God the Most High, that thou take upon thyself the governance of the kingdom and of the subjects.’ But she refused; whereupon they came up to her and wept and gave not over supplicating her, till she consented and abode in the kingship. Her first commandment was that they should bury the princess and build over her a dome and she abode in that palace, worshipping God the Most High and ruling the people with justice, and God (extolled be His perfection and exalted be He!) vouchsafed her, by reason of the excellence of her piety and her patience and continence, the acceptance of her prayers, so that she sought not aught of Him to whom belong might and majesty, but He granted her prayer; and her report was noised abroad in all countries.

  So the folk resorted to her from all parts and she used to pray God (to whom belong might and majesty) for the oppressed and God granted him relief, and against his oppressor, and He broke him in sunder. Moreover, she prayed for the sick and they were made whole; and on this wise she abode a great space of time. As for her husband, when he returned from the pilgrimage, his brother and the neighbours acquainted him with his wife’s affair, whereat he was sore concerned and misdoubted of their story, for that which he knew of her chastity and prayerfulness; and he wept for her loss.

  Meanwhile, she prayed to God the Most High that He would establish her innocence in the eyes of her husband and the folk. So He sent down upon her husband’s brother a sore disease and none knew a remedy for him; wherefore he said to his brother, ‘ In such a city is a pious woman, a recluse, and her prayers are answered; so do thou carry me to her, that she may pray for me and God (to whom belong might and majesty) may make me whole of this sickness.’ Accordingly, he took him up and fared on with him, till they came to the village where dwelt the old man, who had rescued the woman from the pit and carried her to his dwelling and tended her there, [till she recovered].

  Here they halted and took up their lodging with the old man, who questioned the husband of his case and that of his brother and the reason of their journey, and he said, ‘I purpose to go with my brother, this sick man, to the holy woman, her whose prayers are answered, so she may pray for him and God may make him whole by the blessing of her prayers.’ Quoth the villager, ‘By Allah, my son is in a parlous plight for sickness and we have heard that the holy woman prayeth for the sick and they are made whole. Indeed, the folk counsel me to carry him to her, and behold, I will go in company with you. And they said, ‘It is well.’ So they passed the night in that intent and on the morrow they set out for the dwelling of the holy woman, this one carrying his son and that his brother.

  Now the man who had stolen the clothes and fo
rged a lie against the pious woman, pretending that he was her lover, sickened of a sore sickness, and his people took him up and set out with him to visit the holy woman, and Destiny brought them all together by the way. So they fared on, till they came to the city wherein the man dwelt for whom she had paid a thousand dirhems, to deliver him from torment, and found him about to travel to her, by reason of a sickness that had betided him. So they all fared on together, unknowing that the holy woman was she whom they had so foully wronged, and ceased not going till they came to her city and foregathered at the gates of her palace, to wit, that wherein was the tomb of the king’s daughter.

  Now the folk used to go in to her and salute her and crave her prayers; and it was her wont to pray for none till he had confessed to her his sins, when she would seek pardon for him and pray for him that he might be healed, and he was straightway made whole of sickness, by permission of God the Most High. [So, when the four sick men were brought in to her,] she knew them forthright, though they knew her not, and said to them, ‘ Let each of you confess his sins, so I may crave pardon for him and pray for him.’ And the brother said, ‘As for me, I required my brother’s wife of herself and she refused; whereupon despite and folly prompted me and I lied against her and accused her to the townsfolk of adultery; so they stoned her and slew her unjustly and unrighteously; and this is the issue of unright and falsehood and of the slaying of the [innocent] soul, whose slaughter God hath forbidden.’

  Then said the young man, the villager’s son, ‘And I, O holy woman, my father brought us a woman who had been stoned, and my people tended her till she recovered. Now she was surpassing of beauty; so I required her of herself; but she refused and clave fast to God (to whom belong might and majesty), wherefore folly prompted me, so that I agreed with one of the youths that he should steal clothes and coin from my father’s house. Then I laid hands on him [and carried him] to my father and made him confess. So he avouched that the woman was his mistress from the city and had been stoned on his account and that she was of accord with him concerning the theft and had opened the doors to him, and this was a lie against her, for that she had not yielded to me in that which I sought of her. So there befell me what ye see of punishment.” And the young man, the thief, said, ‘I am he with whom thou agreedst concerning the theft and to whom thou openedst the door, and I am he who avouched against her falsely and calumniously and God (extolled be His perfection and exalted be He!) knoweth that I never did evil with her, no, nor knew her in any wise before then.’

  Then said he whom she had delivered from torture and for whom she had paid a thousand dirhems and who had required her of herself in his house, for that her beauty pleased him, and [when she refused to yield to him] had forged a letter against her and treacherously denounced her to the Sultan and requited her bounty with ingratitude, ‘I am he who wronged her and lied against her, and this is the issue of the oppressor’s affair.’

  When she heard their words, in the presence of the folk, she said, ‘Praise be to God, the King who availeth unto all things, and blessing upon His prophets and apostles!’ Then quoth she [to the assembly], ‘ Bear witness, O ye who are present, to these men’s speech, and know that I am that woman whom they confess that they wronged.’ And she turned to her husband’s brother and said to him, ‘I am thy brother’s wife and God (extolled be His perfection and exalted be He I) delivered me from that whereinto thou castedst me of false accusation and suspect and from the frowardness whereof thou hast spoken, and [now] hath He shown forth my innocence, of His bounty and generosity. Go, for thou art absolved of the wrong thou didst me.’ Then she prayed for him and he was made whole of his sickness.

  Then said she to the villager’s son, ‘Know that I am the woman whom thy father delivered from harm and stress and whom there betided from thee of false accusation and frowardness that which thou hast named.’ And she craved pardon for him and he was made whole of his sickness. [Then said she to the thief, ‘I am she against whom thou liedst, avouching that I was thy mistress, who had been stoned on thine account, and that I was of accord with thee concerning the robbing of the villager’s house and had opened the doors to thee.’ And she prayed for him and he was made whole of his sickness.] Then said she to [the townsman], him of the tribute, ‘I am she who gave thee the [thousand] dirhems and thou didst with me what thou didst.’ And she craved pardon for him and prayed for him and he was made whole; whereupon the folk marvelled at her oppressors, who had been afflicted alike, so God (extolled be His perfection and exalted be He!) might show forth her innocence before witnesses.

  Then she turned to the old man who had delivered her from the pit and prayed for him and gave him presents galore and among them a myriad of money; and they all departed from her, except her husband. When she was alone with him, she made him draw near unto her and rejoiced in his coming and gave him the choice of abiding with her. Moreover, she assembled the people of the city and set out to them his virtue and worth and counselled them to invest him with the charge of their governance and besought them to make him king over them. They fell in with her of this and he became king and took up his abode amongst them, whilst she gave herself up to her religious exercises and abode with her husband on such wise as she was with him aforetime. Nor,” added the vizier, “is this story, O king of the time, more extraordinary or more delightful than that of the journeyman and the girl whose belly he slit and fled.”

  When King Shah Bekht heard this, he said, “Most like all they say of the vizier is leasing and his innocence will appear, even as that of the pious woman appeared.” Then he comforted the vizier’s heart and bade him go to his house.

  John Payne’s translation: detailed table of contents

  The Nineteenth Night of the Month.

  When the evening evened, the king bade fetch the vizier and required of him the story of the journeyman and the girl. So he said, “Hearkening and obedience. Know, O august king, that

  John Payne’s translation: detailed table of contents

  STORY OF THE JOURNEYMAN AND THE GIRL.

  There was once, of old time, in one of the tribes of the Arabs, a woman great with child by her husband, and they had a hired servant, a man of excellent understanding. When the woman came to [the time of her] delivery, she gave birth to a maid-child in the night and they sought fire of the neighbours. So the journeyman went in quest of fire.

  Now there was in the camp a wise woman, and she questioned him of the new-born child, if it was male or female. Quoth he, ‘It is a girl;’ and she said, ‘She shall do whoredom with a hundred men and a journeyman shall marry her and a spider shall slay her.’ When the journeyman heard this, he returned upon his steps and going in to the woman, took the child from her by wile and slit its paunch. Then he fled forth into the desert at a venture and abode in strangerhood what [while] God willed.

  He gained him wealth and returning to his native land, after twenty years’ absence, alighted in the neighbourhood of an old woman, whom he bespoke fair and entreated with liberality, requiring of her a wench whom he might lie withal. Quoth she, ‘I know none but a certain fair woman, who is renowned for this fashion.’ Then she described her charms to him and made him lust after her, and he said, ‘Hasten to her forthright and lavish unto her that which she asketh, [in exchange for her favours].’ So the old woman betook herself to the damsel and discovered to her the man’s wishes and bade her to him; but she answered, saying, ‘It is true that I was on this [fashion of] whoredom [aforetime]; but now I have repented to God the Most High and hanker no more after this; nay, I desire lawful marriage; so, if he be content with that which is lawful, I am at his service.’

  The old woman returned to the man and told him what the damsel said; and he lusted after her, by reason of her beauty and her repentance; so he took her to wife, and when he went in to her, he loved her and she also loved him. On this wise they abode a great while, till one day he questioned her of the cause of a mark he espied on her body, and she said, ‘I know nought the
reof save that my mother told me a marvellous thing concerning it.’ ‘What was that?’ asked he, and she answered, ‘She avouched that she gave birth to me one night of the nights of the winter and despatched a hired man, who was with us, in quest of fire for her. He was absent a little while and presently returning, took me and slit my belly and fled. When my mother saw this, affliction overcame her and compassion possessed her; so she sewed up my belly and tended me till, by the ordinance of God (to whom belong might and majesty), the wound healed up.”

  When her husband heard this, he said to her, ‘What is thy name and what are the names of thy father and mother?’ She told him their names and her own, whereby he knew that it was she whose belly he had slit and said to her, ‘And where are thy father and mother?’ ‘They are both dead,’ answered she, and he said, ‘I am that journeyman who slit thy belly.’ Quoth she, ‘Why didst thou that?’ And he replied, ‘Because of a saying I heard from the wise woman.’ ‘What was it?’ asked his wife, and he said, ‘She avouched that thou wouldst play the harlot with a hundied men and that I should after take thee to wife.’ Quoth she, ‘Ay, I have whored it with a hundred men, no more and no less, and behold, thou hast married me.’ ‘Moreover,’ continued her husband, ‘the wise woman foresaid, also, that thou shouldst die, at the last of thy life, of the bite of a spider. Indeed, her saying hath been verified of the harlotry and the marriage, and I fear lest her word come true no less in the matter of thy death.’

  Then they betook themselves to a place without the city, where he builded him a mansion of solid stone and white plaster and stopped its inner [walls] and stuccoed them; yea, he left not therein cranny nor crevice and set in it two serving-women to sweep and wipe, for fear of spiders. Here he abode with his wife a great while, till one day he espied a spider on the ceiling and beat it down. When his wife saw it, she said, ‘This is that which the wise woman avouched would kill me; so, by thy life [I conjure thee], suffer me to slay it with mine own hand.’ Her husband forbade her from this, but she conjured him to let her kill the spider; then, of her fear and her eagerness, she took a piece of wood and smote it. The wood broke in sunder, of the force of the blow, and a splinter from it entered her hand and wrought upon it, so that it swelled. Then her arm swelled also and the swelling spread to her side and thence grew till it reached her heart and she died. Nor,” added the vizier, “is this more extraordinary or more wonderful than the story of the weaver who became a physician by his wife’s commandment.”