in Rothschild Museum, 19
and Wilson’s evolution research, 143
Erebus (vessel), 29–31, 41, 70–71, 296
Erect-crested penguins, 181
Eros Denied (Young), 300
Evans, Hilda, 115, 117
Evans, Taffy, 193
Evans, Teddy, 109, 218, 220–21, 230–31
Evans Coves, Antarctica, 207–8, 266. See also Terra Nova Expedition/ Campbell, Northern Party in the snow cave
F
feeding chases, faculative brood reduction vs. brood maximization, 263–65
First on the Antarctic Continent (Borchgrevink), 51, 160–61
Forster, Johann Reinhold, 19, 21–22
Fram Museum, Oslofjord, Norway, 34–35, 63, 64
Fram (vessel made for the Arctic)
Amundsen takes it to South Pole, 110–11, 116
in Fram Museum, 34–35
Nansen’s attempt at Northwest passage, 33–34, 37
offered to Amundsen for North Pole trip, 100, 107
and Terra Nova docked together at Bay of Whales, 124–26
Franklin, Sir John, 30, 50, 281
Franklin Expedition to the Arctic, 29–31, 41, 70–71, 72
Franklin Island, Antarctica, 50
G
Gallipoli, The Dardanelles, 288–90
George V, king of England, 108, 284–85
de Gerlache, Adrien, 38–39, 41, 292
Gjertsen, Fredrik, 110–11
Gjoa Expedition of Northwest Passage/ Amundsen, 63–64, 71–72
Glomma River, Norway, 31
Gran, Tryggve, 106–7, 135, 192, 259, 266–67, 302
Grand Hotel, Oslo, 92–93
Gray, George Robert, 19
Great War, 285, 288–90, 296
Gurney, E. R. “Harold,” 310–11
H
Hall Point, Arctic, 72
Hanson, Johanne, 48, 49
Hanson, Nicolai, 48–49
Hanssen, Hekmer, 165
Hardening of Commando Troops for Warfare (Levick), 314
Harmer, Sidney, 23–24
Harper, Stephen, 30–31
Hartnell, John, 71
Hassel, Sverre, 165
Hatch, Joseph, 187
Hell’s Gate, Antarctica, 234, 241–42. See also Terra Nova Expedition/ Campbell, Northern Party in the snow cave
homosexuality
and humans, 3, 12
and penguins, 6, 7–8, 45, 182–83, 323
Hooker, Joseph Dalton, 19, 29, 56
human nature
about, 323–26
and divorce, 94, 288
and homosexuality, 3, 12
and infidelity, 16–17, 38, 53–54, 89–90, 92–93, 226–28, 299, 300
and murder, 201
and prostitution, 108, 275–76, 290
and rape, 201–2, 206
Hunter, Fiona, 180–82, 183, 217, 228, 317–20
Hut Point, Antarctica
Atkinson trying to reach the Northern Party via coast from, 248–49
monument to Scott and the Polar team, 269–71
Scott’s attempt to reach Magnetic South Pole from, 65
Scott’s base at, 57–58, 79
Scott’s food and dogs waylaid at, 230–31
Scott’s South Pole Party at, 166–67
I
Inexpressible Island, Antarctica, 224–25, 272, 286, 306. See also Terra Nova Expedition/ Campbell, Northern Party in the snow cave
infidelity
about, 129–30
affair of Bess Magids with Amundsen, 303, 304
Astrup’s affair with Eva Nansen, 38
Bennett’s affair with Amundsen, 278
and humans, 16–17, 38, 53–54, 89–90, 92–93, 226–28, 299, 300
Mawson’s affair with Scott’s widow, 293–94
of Nansen, 300
and penguins, 129–30, 169–71, 323, 325
of Shackleton, 90–92, 299
J
Jensen, Bernhard, 50–51
Johansen, Hjalmar, 37, 107, 156, 157–58, 279–80
K
King Edward VII Land, Antarctica, 55, 109, 113, 124, 158, 212
King Haakon VII Plateau, Antarctica, 189
King penguins, 22, 187
King William Island Expedition/ Beattie, 70–71
Klover, Geir, 64
krill in Antarctic Ocean, 138–39
Kristensen, Leonard, 35–36
L
lead poisoning from canned food, 71
leopard seals, 196–97
Levick, Audrey Beeton, 296, 307, 315
Levick, G. Murray
and Amundsen, 125–26
arrival at Shackleton’s hut, 122
assignment to Eastern Party of the Terra Nova Expedition, 112, 113
biographical info, 9, 10, 13, 33, 88–89, 94, 165, 285–86, 321–22
blubber lamps devised by, 244
and Campbell, 125–26, 253–54, 312, 313, 320
in charge of health in the igloo, 247
claiming supplies before the Shore Party grabs theirs, 116
death of, 315
diaries from Antarctica trip, 114–15, 120–21, 132–33, 222, 234, 242
exploring near Terra Nova Bay, 209
exploring Warning Glacier, 158–59
at Hell’s Gate during a violent storm, 241–42
instructions to men about recording penguin observations, 161–62
on living in the igloo on Inexpressible Island, 245
medical education and practice, 40, 59–60
onboard the Terra Nova, 109
photographs telling his story, 322–23
and Ponting, 121
and Rodney, his son, 307, 314
in the Royal Navy, 6–7, 20, 53, 59–60, 98–99, 314
and Scott, 112–13
The Sexual Habits of the Adélie Penguin, 6–7, 9, 23–24, 25–26, 203
and Shackleton’s hut, 77, 78
as surgeon and zoologist on Scott expedition to South Pole, 101
Levick, G. Murray, and penguins
Antarctica Penguins, 6–7, 9, 23–24, 173, 203, 216, 285–86
at Duke of York Island, 172
lack of interest in, 122, 133–34
on molting penguins, 153–54
as penguin biologist, 32, 161–64, 294
on penguin “males fighting over females,” 169–70
penguins as food, 154, 159
tortured penguin discovery, 159–61
waiting for penguins’ arrival, ix, x–xi
See also Adelie penguins
Levick, G. Murray, field notes
about, 9, 24–26, 179–80, 194, 203–4, 206
on Adelie penguins chicks at Terra Nova Bay rookery, 220
on Antarctica’s effect on him, 219
on copulating when not for breeding, 204
on deciding to study penguins, 161
on deserted nests, 174–75
on dwindling number of penguins at Cape Adare, 153–54
failure to perceive nest relief patterns, 172–74
on finding the tortured penguin, 159–61
on “hooligans,” 216
on “male” penguins fighting, 169–70
on mate switching, 170–71
on morality of Adelie penguins, 85
on necrophilia, 182–83
on penguin chicks, 188–89, 214
on penguins’ haste to breed, 165, 168–69
on petrels and protozoans, 154
on rape, 205–6
on Reoccupation Period, 216
on research methods, 163
on rock usefulness and pilfering, 171–72
Levick, G. Murray, post-Scott expedition
about, 288
and Beeton, Audrey, 291
biographical info, 295, 296–97
and Great War, 288–90, 297–98
lack of empathy, stiff and formal, 310–11
medical practice, 288–90, 297, 305–6
in the Royal Navy, 288–89, 297
Levick, Rodney Beeton Murray, 298–99, 307, 314, 315–16, 321
Lorenz, Konrad, 201
Lyttelton Harbor, New Zealand, 116
M
Mackay, Alister, 101
Macquarie Island, between Antarctica and Australia, 186–87
Madeira (island in the Atlantic), 109
Magids, Bess, 303
Magnetic North Pole, 63, 71–72
Magnetic South Pole, 65, 82
man-hauling sledges
Davis’s experience, 240–41
Scott’s South Pole Party carrying 35 pounds of rock specimens, 218–19, 220, 238, 241, 285
March of the Penguins (documentary), 151–52
Markham, Sir Clements, 36–37, 53, 109
Mawson, Douglas
and Amundsen, 233
knighted by King George V, 284–85
Mount Erebus climb, 81, 82
and Paquita, 94, 284–85
and relief mission for Shackleton, 293
and Scott, 105, 140, 141
See also Australasian Antarctic Expedition/ Mawson
Mawson, Paquita, 284–85, 294. See also Delprat, Francisca
McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, 57–58, 123, 136, 248–49, 271
Mediterranean Fever (brucellosis) research by Levick, 59–60
Mertz, Xavier, 260–62, 267–68
Midwinter’s Day in Antarctica, 142–43, 250–51
migration route of Adelie penguins, 247–48, 257
monogamy, 12–13, 45–46, 75. See also infidelity
monument to Scott and the Polar team, Hut Point, Antarctica, 269–71
Mount Abbott, Antarctica, 209
Mount Dickason, Antarctica, 209
Mount Erebus, Antarctica, 29, 81, 82, 266–67
Mount Levick, Antarctica, 209
Mount Melbourne, Antarctica, 209
Mount Terror, Antarctica, 29. See also Cape Crozier, Antarctica
Mrs. Beeton’s Book of Household Management (Beeton), 290
murder by humans and animals, 201
Murray, James, 79–80, 84–85, 86–87
Mutual Call of Adelie penguins, 97, 117–18
N
Nansen, Eva, 38, 300, 301
Nansen, Fridtjof
affair with Kathleen Scott, 226–27
and Amundson, 33, 40, 111
and the Fram, 33–34, 37, 110
leader of Greenland ice cap expedition, 32
philandering of, 92
Scott consults with, 57, 106
and Ueland, 300
Nansen, Sigrun Munthe, 300
National Library, Oslo, Norway, 279–80
Natural History Museum, London, 17
Natural History Museum, Tring, 17, 18–19, 23, 147–49. See also Rothschild Museum, Tring
natural selection theory and monogamy, 12–13
necrophilia, 181, 182–83
nest relief pattern of Adelie penguins, 67–69, 139, 172–75
Netsiliks tribe, Inuits, 64, 166, 218
Newcastle upon Tyne, England, 10, 11–12
Newfoundland, Canada, 20, 311–12, 313
New York Times on Peary’s claim to be first to North Pole, 104
New Zealand, 19–20, 28, 54, 116–17
New Zealand Antarctica Research Program, 239–40, 322
Nimrod Expedition/ Shackleton
members receive Polar Medal, 103, 105
Murray studying rotifers, 79–80, 84–85
Northern Party journey to Magnetic South Pole, 82
Scott’s reaction, 76
search for a base camp, 76–77
Shackleton names Mount Hope to honor Hope Patterson, 92
Southern Party attempt to reach South Pole, 83–84
Western Party explores Ferrar Glacier area, 82–83
Ninnis, Belgrave, 260–61
North Pole, 71, 100–101, 302–4
Northwest Passage, Gjoa Expedition, 63–64, 71–72
O
Oates, Titus, 117, 135, 167, 193, 218, 224, 237–38
One Ton Depot, Antarctica, 231–32
Otago Harbor, New Zealand, 117
P
Patterson, Hope, 91–92
Peary, Robert, 39, 100–101, 103, 104
penguin digesters, 187
penguins
about, 13–14, 55
breeding imperative, 129–30, 151–52, 323
contradictory multitudes in, 325
demeanor of, 62
and divorce, 45–46, 95, 98, 117–18, 129–30, 151–52, 323
on Duke of York Island, 172
as food, 120, 123
and homosexuality, 6, 7–8, 45, 182–83, 323
and infidelity, 129–30, 169–71, 323, 325
and murder, 201
and prostitution, 317–19, 323
and rape, 205–6
skuas as predators of eggs and young, 66–67, 216
See also Adelie penguins
Pennell, Harry, 124, 125–26, 194
Percy the penguin, 132–33
Polar Biology (Russell), 9
Polar Plateau, 82
Polar Record (journal), 7
ponies in Antarctica, 83, 135–36, 167, 184
Pons Aelius (Roman settlement on River Tyne), 11
Ponting, Herbert, 120–21
“Porphyria’s Lover” (Browning), 325–26
Port Chalmers, New Zealand, 54, 116
Prestrud, Kristian, 110
Priestley, Phyllis Boyd, 287
Priestley, Raymond
amenities as an officer, 133
and Amundsen’s dog teams, 125
camped on sea ice that breaks up, 82–83
in Cape Royds, 121, 122
on Drygalski Ice Tongue, 208
and Levick, 80–81, 161
on loss of sea ice at Cape Adare, 155
monitoring penguin behavior, 173
and Mount Erebus, 266–77
post-Scott expedition, 287–88
as quartermaster in the igloo, 247
Terra Nova Expedition assignment, 113
Priestley Glacier, Antarctica, 209
prostitution
about, 275–76
and humans, 108, 275–76, 290
and penguins, 317–19, 318–20, 323
Public Schools Exploring Society, London, 308–11
R
rape
about, 201–2
and humans, 201–2, 206
and penguins, 205–6
Reoccupation Period at Cape Bird, Antarctica, 215–17
Ridley Beach, Cape Adare, Antarctica
Borchgrevink at, 47–49, 51–52
Borchgrevink Hut, 61, 132–34, 158, 204, 322
first study of penguins, ix, x–xi
Scott lands at, 52–53, 54–55
Rist, Edwin, 17–18
Ross, James Clark, 19, 29, 30
Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica, 51, 55–57, 76–77, 123–24, 145, 212–14, 262–65
Ross Island, Antarctica, 29, 50. See also Cape Bird; Cape Crozier; Cape Royds
Ross Sea, Antarctica, 29, 75–76
Rothschild, Lionel Walter, 2nd Baron Rothschild, 15–17
Rothschild Museum, Tring, 13, 14, 16–18. See also Natural History Museum, Tring
Royal Geographical Society, London, 36–37, 51, 54–58, 305
Russell, Douglas, 6–7, 9, 19, 22, 23–24, 147–49, 203
S
Savio, Per, 160–61
Scott, Kathleen Bruce
children of, 299–300
encouraging Scott to be a hero, 90
engaged to Scott, 89
helping to pay off Mawson’s debt, 284
letter to Scott before his death, 283
marriage to Young, 299
and Mawson, 105, 141, 293–94
and Nansen, 106, 226–27
response to Scott’s death, 282–83
traveling across the United States, 282
traveling with Terra Nova
Expedition, 115, 117, 118
Scott, Peter “Doodles,” 101, 283, 299–300, 307
Scott, Robert Falcon
and Amundsen, 106–7, 115, 140, 238
ballooning in Antarctica, 56
biographical info, 53, 89–90
and Borchgrevink, 32, 304–5
death of, x, 242, 259
and Discovery Expedition, 51, 54–58
Emperor penguin drawing at University of Cambridge, 78
and Emperor penguins, 78–79
and Kathleen, 89, 117, 283–84
and Levick, 112–13
and Mawson, 140, 141
public reaction to his death, 280–81
receives notice that Amundsen is going to South Pole, 115
second attempt to reach South Pole, 101, 106–7
and Shackleton, 76, 105–6, 121–22, 123
and Terra Nova Expedition, 7
See also Terra Nova Expedition/ Scott, South Pole Party
Scott Base, Antarctica, 145
Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, 114–15, 312
Second International Penguin Conference, 5n
Seven Years’ War, 20
The Sexual Habits of the Adélie Penguin (Levick), 6–7, 9, 23–24, 25–26, 203
Shackleton, Emily Dorman, 90–91, 299
Shackleton, Sir Ernest
Adelie penguin drawing, 78
ballooning with Scott, 56
death of, 299
and Discovery Expedition, 53, 57–58
and Great War, 292
lecture tour for raising money, 102
and Mawson, 105, 284
philandering and marriage, 90–92, 299
and Scott, 76, 105–6, 121–22, 123
South Pole expedition, 76–77
Transantarctic Expedition, 292–93, 294, 299
See also Nimrod Expedition
Shackleton Ice Shelf, Antarctica, 233
Shackleton’s hut, Cape Royds, Antarctica, 76, 77, 79, 82, 84–86, 121–23
Shokalskiy (Russian ship), 118–19, 134, 208, 277
Shotley, England, 98–99
skuas, 66–67, 216
Solis Park, Oslo, Norway, 279–80
Southern Cross Expedition/ Borchgrevink, 40, 41, 47–48, 49–52
The South Pole (Amundsen), 278
Sperm Wars, Adelie penguins, 180–81, 183, 228, 317–18
St. Bartholomew’s Hospital “Barts,” London, 88–89
St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada, 311–12
survival analysis, Adelie penguins, 68–70
T
Tasman, Abel, 19
Tennyson, Alfred, Lord, 270, 281
Terra Australis postulation, 21, 22
Terra Nova Bay, Antarctica, 207–9, 216, 219–20, 221–22
Terra Nova Expedition/ Scott and Campbell
about, ix, 7
Atkinson leads a meeting to decide who to look for in the spring, 249–50
Eastern Party, 109, 112–13, 114–15, 123, 126
Hut Point monument to Scott and the Polar team, 269–71
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