The Songs of Chu

Home > Other > The Songs of Chu > Page 31
The Songs of Chu Page 31

by Gopal Sukhu


  ______. Sources of Western Zhou History: Inscribed Bronze Vessels. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991.

  Sivin, Nathan. Medicine, Philosophy and Religion in Ancient China: Researches and Reflections. Variorum Collected Studies Series CS512. Aldershot, U.K.: Ashgate, 1995.

  ______. Science in Ancient China: Researches and Reflections. Variorum Collected Studies Series CS506. Aldershot, U.K.: Ashgate, 1995.

  ______. “State, Cosmos, and Body in the Last Three Centuries B.C.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 55, no. 1 (1995): 5–37.

  Smith, Kidder. “Zhouyi Interpretation from Accounts in the Zuozhuan.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 49, no. 2 (1989): 421–63.

  Smith, Morton. Jesus the Magician. Harper and Row, 1981.

  Sukhu, Gopal. The Shaman and the Heresiarch: A New Interpretation of the “Li Sao.” Albany: SUNY Press, 2012.

  ______. “Yao, Shun, and Prefiguration: The Origins and Ideology of the Han Imperial Genealogy.” Early China 30 (2005–2006): 91–153

  Svenbro, Jesper. Phrasikleia: An Anthropology of Reading in Ancient Greece. Translated by Janet Lloyd. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1993.

  Swanson, Gerald. “The Concept of Change in the Great Treatise.” In Explorations in Early Chinese Cosmology, edited by Henry Rosemont Jr., 67–93. Chico, Calif.: Scholars’ Press, 1984.

  Takeji Sadao. A Concordance to the Chuci. Tokushima: Tokushima Daigaku, 1964.

  Thompson, P. M. The Shen Tzu Fragments. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1979.

  Todorov, Tzvetan. Theories of the Symbol. Translated by Catherine Porter. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1982.

  Twitchett, Denis, and Michael Loewe, eds. The Cambridge History of China, Volume 1: The Ch’in and Han Empires, 221 B.C.–A.D. 220. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986.

  van Ess, Hans. “The Meaning of Huang-Lao in Shi ji and Han shu.” Études chinoises 12, no. 2 (1993): 161–77.

  Van Zoeren, Steven. Poetry and Personality: Reading, Exegesis, and Hermeneutics in Traditional China. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1991.

  von Falkenhausen, Lothar. “The Concept of Wen in the Ancient Chinese Ancestral Cult.” Chinese Literature: Essays, Articles, Reviews 18 (December 1996): 1–22.

  ______. “Issues in Western Zhou Studies: A Review Article.” Early China 18 (1993): 145–71.

  ______. “Sources of Taoism: Reflections on Archaeological Indicators of Religious Change in Eastern Zhou China.” Taoist Resources 5, no. 2 (December 1994): 1–12.

  ______. Suspended Music: Chime-Bells in the Culture of Bronze Age China. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993.

  Wagner, Rudolf G. The Craft of a Chinese Commentator: Wang Bi on the Laozi. Albany: SUNY Press, 2000.

  Waley, Arthur. The Nine Songs: A Study of Shamanism in Ancient China. London: Allen and Unwin, 1955.

  Walker, Galal. “Toward a Formal History of the ‘Chuci.’ ” Ph.D. diss., Cornell University, 1982.

  Wallacker, Benjamin. “Liu An, Second King of Huai-nan.” Journal of the American Oriental Society 92, no. 1 (January–March 1972): 36–51.

  Wang, C. H. The Bell and the Drum: “Shi Ching” as Formulaic Poetry in an Oral Tradition. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1974.

  ______. From Ritual to Allegory: Seven Essays in Early Chinese Poetry. Hong Kong: Chinese University Press, 1988.

  Wang, Hsiao-po, and Leo S. Chang. The Philosophical Foundations of Han Fei’s Political Theory. Society of Asian and Comparative Philosophy Monographs, no. 7. Honolulu: University of Hawai`i Press, 1986.

  Waters, Geoffrey R. Three Elegies of Ch’u. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1985.

  Watson, Burton, trans. Basic Writings of Mo Tzu, Hsün Tzu, and Han Fei Tzu. Translations from the Asian Classics. Records of Civilization: Sources and Studies, no. 74. New York: Columbia University Press, 1963.

  ______. Early Chinese Literature. New York: Columbia University Press, 1962.

  Weld, Susan Roosevelt. “Chu Law in Action: Legal Documents from Tomb 2 at Baoshan.” In Cook and Major, Defining Chu, 77–97.

  ______. “Covenant in Jin’s Walled Cities: The Discoveries at Houma and Wenxian.” Ph.D. diss., Harvard University, 1990.

  Wilhelm, Richard, trans. The I Ching or Book of Changes. Rendered into English by Cary F. Baynes. 3rd ed. Bollingen Series 19. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1967.

  Wu, Hung. The Wu Liang Shrine: The Ideology of Early Chinese Pictorial Art. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1989.

  Yates, Robin. “The City Under Siege: Technology and Organization as Seen in the Reconstructed Text of the Military Chapters of Mo-tzu.” Ph.D. diss., Harvard University, 1980.

  ______. “The Mohists on Warfare: Technology, Techniques, and Justification.” Journal of the American Academy of Religion, thematic studies supplement 47, no. 3 (1980): 549–603.

  ______. “New Light on Ancient Chinese Military Texts: Notes on Their Nature and Evolution, and the Development of Military Specialization in Warring States China.” T’oung Pao, 2nd ser., 74, livr. 4/5 (1988): 211–48.

  ______. “Some Notes on Ch’in Law.” Early China 11–12 (1985–1987): 243–75.

  ______. “The Yin-Yang Texts from Yinqueshan: An Introduction and Partial Reconstruction, with Notes on Their Significance in Relation to Huang-Lao Daoism.” Early China 19 (1994): 75–144.

  Yu, Pauline. The Reading of Imagery in the Chinese Poetic Tradition. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1987.

  Index

  Page numbers refer to the print edition but are hyperlinked to the appropriate location in the e-book.

  “Ai shiming.” See “I Lament It Was Not My Destiny”

  “Ai Ying.” See “Mourning Ying”

  Allan, Sarah, 80n15

  allegory, xxii; in “Leaving My Sorrow,” xxiv–xxv, 25, 27–34; political, xxvii, 214, 215; and “Wandering Far Away,” 143

  Analects (Lunyu), 60n92, 136nn21–22, 167n5

  Ao (Jiao), 40, 52n31, 56n65, 69, 89n38, 90nn39–40

  “Appendix to the Chuci” (“Chuci houyu”; Zhu Xi), xxix

  Archer Yi (Hou Yi), 15; in “Ask the Sky,” 67, 68, 84n27, 87n32, 88n33; in “Leaving My Sorrow,” 40, 52n29, 56n59

  Art of Warfare (Sunzi), 19

  “Ask the Sky” (“Tian wen”), xvi–xvii, xxvi, xxviii, 1, 61–102; dating of, 218, 219, 220; and “Leaving My Sorrow,” 52n29, 56n61, 61, 81n18, 99n75; and Qu Yuan, 62, 102n84

  “August of the East, The Great Unity” (“Dong Huang Taiyi”; Nine Songs), 5–6

  Bai Qi, 110

  Baili (Baili Xi), 125, 139n56

  Bamboo Annals (Zhushu jinian), 52n28, 86n29, 90n39, 91n41, 96n63

  Ban Gu, xxiv, xxvi, 138n50. See also Hanshu

  Baoshan (Hubei) tombs, xiv, 5, 12, 104

  Baosi, Lady, 72, 97n65

  “Bei hui feng” (I Grieve When the Whirlwind; Nine Cantos), 124, 129–34, 216, 217

  Bi Gan: in “Ask the Sky,” 72, 98n68; in Nine Cantos, 109, 136nn23–24; in “Regretting the Vows,” 192, 193n12

  Bian Sui, 196, 200n2, 209n18

  biblical exegesis, xxii

  Big Dipper, 16, 77n5

  Black Warrior (Xuan Wu), 147, 150n29

  Bo Chang, 73, 98n72

  Bo Feng (Feng Zhu), 88n32

  Bo Le, 120, 138n45, 165, 168n17

  Bo Qiang (Yu Qiang), 78n10

  Bo Yi, 101n82, 196, 201n2, 207, 209n23; in Nine Cantos, 129, 134, 140n67

  “Bosom Full of Sand” (“Huai sha”; Nine Cantos), xxi, xxvi, xxviii, 103, 117–21, 215

  “Bu ju.” See “Diviner, The”

  “Calling the Hermit Back” (“Zhao yinshi”; Huainan Xiaoshan), 210–12; dating of, 218

  Cannabis sativa, 23n24, 66, 83n25

  Cao Zhi, xxxvi, 55n57

  Chen Benli, 59n87

  Cheng, King (Chu; Xiong Yun), 102nn86–87

  Cheng, King (Zhou), xii, 96n63, 100n77

  Cheng zhi (Bringing things
to completion), xvi

  Chi Song. See Red Pine

  China, People’s Republic of (PRC), xxix–xxx, xil

  Chonghua. See Shun

  “Chou si” (Expressing My Longing; Nine Cantos), 114–17, 215

  Chu, state of: in Chuci, 19, 34, 75, 110, 127–28, 167n9, 180, 187n6; culture of, xii–xiii, 26; deities of, xiii–xiv, xvi, xxviii, 5, 16–17; diary from, xiv; and Han dynasty, xxvii–xxviii, 26; and human sacrifices, 17; legal system of, xiv, 104; poetry of, xxvi–xxvii; and Qin, xii, xix–xx, xxi; shamans in, xiv, 3, 4, 7, 12; and Zhou, xii, 26

  Chuci (Songs of Chu): authorship of, xi, xiii–xiv, xxvi–xxxii, xxxvi, xxxix, xl, xliii, 216, 219; commentaries on, xviii, xxii, xxiv, xxvi, xxviii–xxix; dating of, xxviii, 213–20; influence of, xxix–xxx, xxxvii, xxxix, xl; as model, xxxi–xxxii; performances of, xxviii, 4, 218; and recently discovered texts, xiv–xvii, 5, 12, 62, 80n13, 104, 124. See also Qu Yuan

  Chuci buzhu (notes to Chuci; Hong Xingzu), xxviii

  Chuci zhangju (Wang Yi), xviii

  Chui, Craftsman, 119, 138n40

  Confucianism, xiv, xxii, xxiii, 62; vs. shamanism, 4, 34

  Confucius, xxx, 82n24, 136n21, 152, 155n5, 167n5

  Cook, Constance A., xvi

  cosmology, xiv, xvi, 5, 30, 76n1, 219; correlative, xxii

  “Crossing the Yangtze” (“She jiang”; Nine Cantos), 107–10; dating of, 215, 218

  Cui Wenzi, 68, 89n36

  “Da Siming” (Great Minister of Life Spans; Nine Songs), 1, 12–13

  “Da zhao.” See “Great Summoning”

  Dan Zhu, 29, 48n6

  Daodejing (Laozi), xiv, xvi, 189, 195

  Daoism, xiv, 5; in Chuci, 62, 76n1, 118, 142, 143, 152, 195; and dating, 217; and immortality, 189–90; and Li Bai, xxxvii; and Qu Yuan, xxvi; and youxian poetry, xxxiii, xxxiv–xxxv

  “Daren fu.” See “Great Man Rhapsody”

  Daye (Hubei) site, 135n5

  deities and spirits, xxv, xli; of Chu, xiii–xiv, xvi, xxxviii, 16–17; in “Leaving My Sorrow,” 7, 26, 28–29; in Li Bai, xxxviii–xxxix; love songs to, 4; in Nine Songs, 1, 6–7, 12, 22n20; and shamanism, 3, 4; in youxian poetry, xxxiii, xxxiv. See also immortals; particular spirits

  Deng Sui, Empress Dowager (Han), xxii–xxv, 4

  Destiny of Kings (Wang ming lun; Ban Gu), xxiv

  Di Jun, 84n27, 87n32, 88n33

  Di Ku (Gao Xin): in “Ask the Sky,” 70, 93n49, 98n70; in “Leaving My Sorrow,” 48n10, 49n11, 56n61; in Nine Cantos, 122, 137n36, 138nn47–48

  “Diao Qu Yuan.” See “Mourning Qu Yuan”

  divination, xiv, 153–54, 155n1, 170; and oracle bones, 93n50, 94n53, 100n78

  “Diviner, The” (“Bu ju”), xxvi, 152–54, 155, 218

  Djou (Zhou Xin; last Shang king): in “Ask the Sky,” 69, 71–73, 91n43, 95n59, 96n60, 98nn67–68, 99n72, 99n74, 99n76; in “Leaving My Sorrow,” 31, 36, 48n9, 50n18, 53n33; in Nine Cantos, 136nn23–24, 141n77; in “Regretting the Vows,” 193nn10–13

  Dong Chuping, xxv

  Dong Hongli, 77n3

  “Dong Huang Taiyi” (August of the East, The Great Unity; Nine Songs), 5–6

  Dong Jun (Lord of the East), 15

  Dongfang Shuo, xxix, 217

  Dou Bobi, 102n86

  dreams, xxxvii, xl–xli, xliiin4; in Nine Cantos, 130, 131, 135n4, 140n71; in “Summoning the Soul,” 179n5; in “Wandering Far Away,” 142

  Du Ao (Xiong Jian, Zhuang Ao), 75, 102n87

  Du Bo, 29, 48n6

  Duan Yucai, 56n62

  “Earl of the Yellow River” (“He Bo”; Nine Songs), xxii, 4, 16–17

  Ehuang, 8, 151n38

  Erya, 22n6

  “Expressing My Longing” (“Chou si”; Nine Cantos), 114–17, 215

  Fan Chengda, 169

  Fan wu liu xing (All Things Are Flowing Forms), xvi–xvii, 62–63

  Feilian (Wind Earl; Fengbo), 89n37, 98n67, 147, 150n23, 150n25, 166, 168n20

  Feng Long (Leishi; Leiigong; Thunder God), 7, 42, 55n56, 121, 138n46, 146, 147, 150n17, 150n32

  Fengsu tongyi, 92n44

  Fifty-Nine Ancient Airs (Li Bai), xxxv–xxxvii

  First Emperor of Qin (Qin shihuangdi), 8, 201n7

  “Fisherman, The” (“Yu fu”), xxi, xxvi, 118, 152, 154–55; dating of, 218

  flight imagery, xxxii, xxxv–xxxvi; and dating, 214, 217; in “Leaving My Sorrow,” 33; in Nine Variations, 166; in “Wandering Far Away,” 142, 143

  food, 4, 107, 135n6, 154, 162; in “Great Summoning,” 180, 182–83, 188nn7–9; in “Leaving My Sorrow,” 32, 46, 49n14; in “Summoning the Soul,” 175–76

  fu (rhapsody), xxvi–xxvii, xxix–xxxii, xxxvi, xl, xlii, 25, 152, 202. See also particular titles

  “Fu fu.” See “Owl Rhapsody”

  “Fu on the Wind” (“Feng fu”; Song Yu), 156

  Fu Xiren, 80n14

  Fu Yue, xv, xliiin4, 144, 149n3, 198, 201n9

  Fuchai, King (Wu), 136n23, 139n60, 198, 201n6, 209n22

  Fufei (spirit of Luo River), xxxvii 42, 55n57, 56n59, 148, 151n35

  Fuxi, 55n57, 92n44, 137n36, 151n35, 183, 204, 208n10

  Gao Luming, 52n28, 77n3, 140n63

  Gao Xin. See Di Ku

  Gao Yao, 57n72, 105, 135n3

  “Gaotang fu” (Rhapsody on Gaotang; Song Yu), xxxvi, xl, xlii, 156

  Gaoyang. See Zhuan Xu

  Gonggong (Kang Hui), 65, 77n6, 80n17, 82n23, 208n8

  Gongyang commentary, xxiii

  Gou Jian (king of Yue), 5, 198, 201n6

  Goumang, 147, 150n21

  “Great Man Rhapsody” (“Daren fu”; Sima Xiangru), xxx–xxxii, 142, 218

  “Great Minister of Life Spans” (“Da Siming”; Nine Songs), 1, 12–13

  “Great Summoning” (“Da zhao”), xxvi, 156, 180–88; dating of, 216, 218; food in, 180, 182–83, 188nn7–9

  Great Unity Gives Birth to Water (Taiyi sheng shui), xiv, xvi, 5–6, 76n1

  Guan Shu (Guan Shuxian), 100n77

  Guan Zhong, 97n66, 205, 209n14

  Guanzi, 59n91

  Gugong Danfu (King Tai), 92n46, 99n73

  Gun (Tao Wu; father of Yu), 29; in “Ask the Sky,” 64–65, 68, 79n12, 80nn14–15, 82n22, 88n34; in “Leaving My Sorrow,” 48n4, 50n25; in Nine Cantos, 106, 135n7

  Guo Pu, xxxiii–xxxiv, xlii, 9; on “Ask the Sky,” 79n12, 81n20, 83n26, 86n30, 92n44, 94n51

  Guodian (Hubei) tomb, xiv–xv, xvi, 5, 124

  “Guoshang” (Those Who Died for the Kingdom; Nine Songs), 2, 19–20, 214

  Guoyu, xliiin4, 28–29, 30, 34, 82n24, 87n31

  Han dynasty: and Chu, xxvii–xxviii, 26; Chuci in, xxii–xxiii, 27, 142, 152, 180, 189, 195; and dating, 217–18; deities of, 5, 12; dialects in, 216, 217, 219–20; and human sacrifices, 17; immortality in, 190; legal system of, 104; loyal dissent in, xxiii–xxiv; shamanism in, 3, 15, 34

  Han Feizi, 21n7, 91n43

  Han Zhong, 144, 149n4

  Han Zhuo. See Zhuo

  Hanshu (History of the Former Han dynasty; Ban Gu), xxvi, 78n10, 86n30, 138n50

  Hawkes, David, xviii, xx, xxii, xxv; on “Ask the Sky,” 61, 76n3, 78n9, 96n63; on dating, 215, 218; on “Leaving My Sorrow,” 49n12, 53n38, 56n61, 57n69; on Nine Cantos, 108, 114, 121, 140n68, 140n71; on Nine Songs, 7; on “Regretting the Vows,” 190; on “Wandering Far Away,” 142

  He Bo (Earl of the Yellow River), xxii, 4, 16–17, 56n59, 67, 87n32, 93n50, 148

  He Lü, King (Wu; Wu Guang): in “Ask the Sky,” 75, 100n79, 102n85; in “I Lament It Was Not My Destiny,” 206, 209n18; in Nine Cantos, 136n23, 139n60

  He Tianxing, xx, xxi, xxv

  He Zhizhang, xxxiv

  Heavenly Mandate, 72, 111

  Heng, 70, 94n53

  “Hereditary House of Chu” (Shiji), xix–xx

  Hong Xingzu, xxviii, 22n6, 149n4, 189, 210; on “Ask the Sky,” 80nn14–16, 83n25, 88n34, 102n86; on “Great Summoning,” 187n4, 188n8; on “Leaving My Sorrow,” 49n14, 50n19, 51n28, 53n35, 54nn46–49, 56n62

  Hou Ji (Lord Millet), 70, 73, 98nn70–71
/>
  Hou Kui, 88n32

  Hou Yi. See Archer Yi

  Hu Nianyi, 167n13

  Hu Shi, xxi

  Huai, King (Chu), xi, xviii, xix, xx, 103, 114, 170

  Huai, Prince (Liang), 195

  “Huai sha” (Bosom Full of Sand; Nine Cantos), xxi, xxvi, xxviii, 103, 117–21, 215

  Huainan, state of, xxvi. See also Liu An

  Huainan Xiaoshan, 210–11

  Huainanzi, 210, 219; and “Ask the Sky,” 76n2, 78n10, 80n17, 81nn18–19, 83n26, 84n27, 86n30, 87n32; and “Leaving My Sorrow,” 52n29

  Huan, Duke (Qi): in “Ask the Sky,” 72, 97n66, 102n83; in “I Lament It Was Not My Destiny,” 209n14; in “Leaving My Sorrow,” 45, 58n75; in Nine Cantos, 125, 139n59; in Nine Variations, 168n16

  Hui, King (Zhou), 28–29, 30

  Hui Lu, 29, 48n3

  “Hymn to a Mandarin Orange Tree” (“Ju song”; Nine Cantos), 103, 127–29; dating of, 216

  “I Deplore Pleading” (“Xi song”; Nine Cantos), 103, 104–7, 216

  “I Grieve When the Whirlwind” (“Bei hui feng”; Nine Cantos), 124, 129–34, 216, 217

  “I Lament It Was Not My Destiny” (“Ai shiming”; Zhuang Ji), xxxix, 202–9, 217, 218

  “I Look Back in Sadness” (“Xi wang ri”; Nine Cantos), 124–27, 129, 216

  immortality, 89n36, 142; and Daoism, 189–90; in youxian poetry, xxxiii–xxxvi, xxxix, xlii

  immortals (xian): in “Ask the Sky,” 82n24, 83n26, 89n38; female, 190, 193n5; in “Leaving My Sorrow,” 26; in Nine Cantos, 108, 130; in “Regretting the Vows,” 189, 190, 193n5; in “Wandering Far Away,” 150n11

  Imperial Academy, xxii–xxiv

  Ji Li, 92n46

  Ji Zha, 100n79

  Ji Zi, 73, 98n69, 192, 193n13

  Jia Yi, xxvi, xxvii, xxx, 189, 194–201, 217, 220; and Li Si, 198, 201nn7–8

  Jiandi, 56n61, 93n49, 138n48

  Jiang Ji, 1, 77n4, 82n23

  Jiang Taigong. See Taigong Wang

  Jie (last Xia king): in “Ask the Sky,” 69, 70, 91nn40–41, 92n47, 93n48, 95n58; in “Leaving My Sorrow,” 31, 36, 40, 50n18, 53n32

  Jie Zhitui (Jia Zi), 125, 134, 139n61

  Jieyu (Madman of Chu), 109, 136n21, 167n5

  Jin, state of, 135n6; shamans from, 3, 7, 12, 15

  Jin Kaicheng, 77n3

  Jing, Emperor (Han), 202

  Jing Cuo, xxviii, 156, 180

  “Jiu huai” (Nine Longings; Wang Bao), xxviii, 220

  “Jiu si” (Nine Yearnings; Wang Yi), xxviii, 220

 

‹ Prev