by Ron Chernow
Brinckmann, Wirtz & Co. “Max M. Warburg: Gedenkfeier seines 100-jährigen Geburtstages am 5 June 1967.” Privately printed.
—–. “Worte zum Gedächtnis an Fritz M. Warburg.” November 3, 1964. Privately printed.
Büttner, Ursula. “Not nach der Befreiung: Die Situation der deutschen Juden in der Britischen Besatzungszone, 1945–1948.” Der Unrechtsstaat Bd. 2—Christians.
Cohn, Norman. “The Myth of the Jewish World-Conspiracy,” Commentary, June 1966.
Diers, Michael. “Kreuzlinger Passion” in Kritische Berichte. 1979, Vol. 415, pp. 5–14.
Freimark, Peter. “Die Warburgs.” In Industriekultur in Hamburg. Munich: Verlag C. H. Beck, 1984.
Glick, David. “Some Were Rescued.” Harvard Law School Bulletin, December 1960.
Gombrich, Ernst H. “Aby Warburg Zum Gedenken.” A commemorative speech on June 13, 1966, at Hamburg University in memory of Aby Warburg’s 100th birthday.
Gordon, Martin. “Siegmund Warburg 1902–1982: A personal perspective from 1992.” Private typescript.
Grunfeld, Henry. “Self-interview CFT questions.” September 1, 1987.
Halpern, Dr. Georg. Interview in Jerusalem, February 9, 1956, and March 5, 1956. Leo Baeck Institute, New York.
Heise, Carl Georg. “Persönliche Erinnerungen am Aby Warburg.” Gesellschaft der Bücherfreunde zu Hamburg, 1959.
Hilfe und Aufbau in Hamburg, Januar 1936 bis Dezember 1936. Privately printed. In Leo Baeck Institute, New York.
Jacobson, J. Letter on Max Warburg. Leo Baeck Institute Year Book, 1963, No. VIII. pp. 266–267.
Kahn, Dr. Bernhard. “Tribute to Max M. Warburg at the Annual Meeting of the Joint Distribution Committee, January 11, 1947.” (Courtesy of Anita Warburg.)
Koonz, Claudia. “Courage and Choice Among German-Jewish Women and Men” in The Jews in Nazi Germany 1933–1943. Tübingen: J.C.B. Mohr, 1986.
“Kuhn, Loeb & Company: A Century of Investment Banking.” New York: Kuhn, Loeb & Company, privately printed, 1967.
Landes, David S. “The Bleichröder Bank: An Interim Report.” Leo Baeck Institute Year Book, V, 1960, pp. 201–220.
Levine, Herbert S. “A Jewish Collaborator in Nazi Germany: The Strange Career of Georg Kareski, 1933–37,” Central European History, Volume VIII, September 1975, pp. 251–281.
Richarz, Monika. “Juden in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und in der Demokratischen Republik seit 1945,” pp. 13–30. in Jüdisches Leben in Deutschland seit 1945. Micha Brumlik et al., eds. Frankfurt, 1988.
Liebeschütz, Hans. “Aby Warburg (1866–1929) as Interpreter of Civilization,” Leo Baeck Institute Year Book, Vol. XVI, 1971, pp. 225–236.
Roberts, Priscilla M. “A Conflict of Loyalties in Kuhn, Loeb and Company and the First World War, 1914–1917” in Studies in the American Jewish Experience, ed. Jacob R. Marcus and Abraham J. Peck. New York: University Press of America, 1984.
Rosenbaum, Eduard. “Albert Ballin: A Note on the Style of His Economic and Political Activities,” Leo Baeck Institute Year Book, III, 1958, 257–299.
—–. “A Postscript to the Essay on Albert Ballin,” Leo Baeck Institute Year Book, IV, 1959.
—–. “M.M. Warburg & Company, Merchant Bankers of Hamburg. A Survey of the First 140 Years 1798 to 1938.” Leo Baeck Institute Year Book, 1962, VII, 121–149.
Rothfels, Hans. “The German Resistance in Its International Aspects,” in Studies in Diplomatic History and Historiography. London: Longmans, Green & Co. Ltd., 1961.
Saxl, Fritz. Biographical Essay on Aby Warburg. Typescript, Warburg Institute. Schiff, Gabriele. “The Legacy of Displaced Persons—A Personal Chronicle.” Presented at a Meeting on the Holocaust, Hunter College, New York, October 22, 1979.
Sharp, Charles. Plays:
—–. “Parsnip and Pickles” (1968)
—–. “Repercussions” (1968)
—–. “Lunch at 30 Gresham Street” (undated)
—–. “The Party” (1977)
—–. “Gloom” (1974). Courtesy of Doris Wasserman.
Sherman, A. Joshua. “Eine jüdische Bank in der Ära Schacht: M.M. Warburg & Co., 1933–1938” in Die Juden im Nationalsozialistischen Deutschland, pp. 167–172.
Szajkowski, Zosa. “Jewish Relief in Eastern Europe, 1914–1917.” Leo Baeck Institute Year Book, X, 1965, pp. 24–56.
Tramer, Hans. “Die Hamburger Kaiserjuden.” Leo Baeck Institute Bulletin, 1960, pp. 177–189.
Turner, Henry Ashby, Jr. “Emil Kirdorf and the Nazi Party,” Central European History, Vol. 1, December 1968, pp. 324–344.
Tyrell, Albrecht. “Führergedanke und Gauleiterwechsel.” Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte, January 23, 1975. No. 4, pp. 341–374.
Vagts, Alfred. “M.M. Warburg & Co.: Ein Bankhaus in der deutschen Weltpolitik 1905–1933.” Vierteljahrschrift für Sozial-und Wirtschaftsgeschichte. Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1958.
Warburg Institute. “Chronik des Neubaues der Kulturwissenschaftlichen Bibliothek Warburg.” Privately printed.
Warburg, Aby M. “A Lecture on Serpent Ritual.” Translated by W. F. Mainland. The Journal of the Warburg Institute II, 1938–39, pp. 277–292.
Warburg, Edward M. M. “ ‘1109’: The Warburg House. An Informal Guided Tour.” New York: The Jewish Museum, 1984.
Warburg, Eric M. “Max M. Warburg 1867–1946.” Privately printed.
—–. “Some Personal Experiences, 1942–1945.” (Courtesy of Max Warburg.)
Warburg, James P. “Byrnes and the German Economic Problem.” Broadcast over CBS Network—September 12, 1946.
—–. “Israel and the American Jewish Community.” The Current Affairs Press, 1960.
Warburg, Max M. et al. “Ansprachen gehalten anlässlich Umwandlung von M.M. Warburg & Co. in M.M. Warburg & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft, Hamburg, am 30 Mai 1938.” Microfilm in Leo Beck Institute, New York.
Warburg, Max M. “Die Hamburgische Universität.” Privately printed, 1913.
—–. “Diese Reden Sollte Jeder Deutsche Lesen.” Delivered in Hamburg March 12, 1919. Privately printed.
—–. “Finanzielle Kriegslehren,” Speech of August 1, 1915. In Leo Baeck Institute, New York.
—–. “Begrüssungsworte zur Einweihung des Jüdischen Gemeinschaftshauses in Hamburg am 9. January 1938.” In Leo Baeck Institute, New York.
M.M. Warburg & Co. In Memoriam Rudolf Brinckmann Dr. jr. Privately printed, 1974.
S. G. Warburg & Company. “A gathering of the members of S. G. Warburg & Co. to commemorate Sir Siegmund G. Warburg 1902–1982.” The Guildhall in London, January 12, 1983. Private typescript.
Warburg, Siegmund G. “Address given at funeral of Ernest Thalmann on 22nd August, 1962.” Private typescript.
—–. “Lucie L. Warburg: 13 März 1866–25 Oktober 1955.” Private typescript.
—–. “Speech at the Funeral Service for Marc Rosenberg in Baden-Baden, September 9, 1930.” Private typescript.
—–. “Stefan Zweig.” Private typescript.
Whitman, Gert. “Der Internationale Kapitalmarkt Insbesondere der Euro-Bondmarkt in U.S. Dollars und Anderen Währungsformen.” Speech given in Baden-Baden, March 29, 1968. (Courtesy of Gretchen Whitman.)
Wolffsohn, Michael. “Banken, Bankiers und Arbeitsbeschaffung im Übergang von der Weimarer Republik zum Dritten Reich.” Zeitschrift zur Bankengeschichte, May 1977. pp. 54–70.
GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS.
Trials of War Criminals Before the Nuremberg Military Tribunals Volume VI. “The Flick Case.” Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, 1952.
NOTES
ABBREVIATIONS
AD—Allen W. Dulles Papers, Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
AW—Aby M. Warburg Papers, The Warburg Institute, London
BW—Bettina Warburg Papers, courtesy of Katharine and Nicholas Fox Weber
CUOH—Columbia University Oral History Collection, New York
CUOH-BB—Columbi
a University Oral History Collection, Benjamin Buttenwieser
CUOH-GR—Columbia University Oral History Collection, George Rublee
CUOH-JG—Columbia University Oral History Collection, Jonah Goldstein
CUOH-JW—Columbia University Oral History Collection, James P. Warburg
DS—David Schiff Papers, courtesy of David Schiff
EH—Edward M. House Papers, Sterling Memorial Library, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
EL—Eddy Lachman Papers, courtesy of Eddy Lachman
FW—Felix M. Warburg Papers, American Jewish Archives, Cincinnati, Ohio
JFD—John Foster Dulles Papers, Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
JRD—J. Richardson Dilworth Papers, courtesy of J. Richardson Dilworth
JS—Jacob H. Schiff Papers, American Jewish Archives, Cincinnati, Ohio
JW—James P. Warburg Papers, John F. Kennedy Library, Boston, Massachusetts
JVF—James V. Forrestal Papers, Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
LBI—Leo Baeck Institute, New York
LBI-AP—Leo Baeck Institute, Arthur Prinz Papers
LBI-HS—Leo Baeck Institute, Hans Schäffer Papers LBI—RDJ—Leo Baeck Institute, Reichsvertretung der Deutschen Juden Papers
LBI-SGW-SZ—Leo Baeck Institute, Correspondence of Siegmund G. Warburg and Stefan Zweig
LBI-WF—Leo Baeck Institute, Warburg Family Papers
MAW—Max Adolph Warburg Papers, courtesy of Maria Christina Warburg (Mills)
ML—Morris Lazaron Papers, American Jewish Archives, Cincinnati, Ohio
MMW—Private Archives of M. M. Warburg & Co., Hamburg Files starting with the letter:
A denotes the Aby M. Warburg or Warburg Library papers
E the Eric M. Warburg papers
Frz the Fritz M. Warburg papers
J the James P. Warburg papers
K the Karl S. (Charles) Warburg papers
Ma the Max M. Warburg papers
PW—Paul M. Warburg Papers, Sterling Memorial Library, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
SF-LB—Sigmund Freud-Ludwig Binswanger Correspondence, Sigmund Freud Copyrights, Wivenhoe, Colchester, England
TWL—Thomas W. Lamont Papers, Baker Library, Harvard Business School, Cambridge, Massachusetts
WW—Sir William Wiseman Papers, Sterling Memorial Library, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
YIVO—YIVO Institute for Jewish Research, New York
YIVO-AJC—YIVO Institute, American Jewish Committee Papers
YIVO-JR—YIVO Institute, Joseph Rosen papers
YIVO-LW-DM—YIVO Institute, Lucien Wolf and David Mowshowitch Papers
YIVO-MW—YIVO Institute, Morris Waldman Papers
CHAPTER 1
1. Duckesz, Geschichte des Geschlechts Warburg, p. 216.
2. Warburg, A Book for Jimmy, Jennifer and Philip, p. 25.
3. Lachmann, Draft Memoirs, III, p. 3A.
4. Duckesz, Geschichte des Geschlechts Warburg, p. 222.
5. Ibid, p. 80.
6. Tramer, “Die Hamburger Kaiserjuden,” p. 224.
7. Duckesz, Geschichte des Geschlechts Warburg, p. 222.
8. Blumenfeld, Life begins at 65, p. 12.
9. Warburg, A Book for Jimmy, Jennifer and Philip, p. 23.
10. Lachmann, Draft Memoirs, II, p. 5.
11. Duckesz, Geschichte des Geschlechts Warburg, p. 224.
12. MMW Ma XI, p. 2.
13. Warburg, Aus meinen Aufzeichnungen, pp. 2–3.
14. Lachmann, Damals … Erinnerungen von Olga Lachmann, p. 12a.
15. Melchior, Random Memories, p. 71.
16. The New Yorker, April 9, 1966.
17. Warburg, A Book for Jimmy, Jennifer and Philip, p. 24.
18. Rosenbaum and Sherman, M.M. Warburg & Co., p. 34.
19. Ibid. p. 44.
20. Birmingham, “Our Crowd,” p. 210.
21. Rosenbaum and Sherman, M.M. Warburg & Co., p. 50.
22. MMW Ma XIV, p. 528.
23. Duckesz, Geschichte des Geschlechts Warburg, p. 84.
24. Ibid, p. 85.
25. Fairer, The Warburgs, p. 176.
26. Warburg, The Long Road Home, p. 100.
27. The American Scholar, Summer 1988, p. 449.
28. Warburg, The Long Road Home, p. 5.
29. Rosenbaum and Sherman, M.M. Warburg & Co., p. 97.
30. Mayer, Erinnerungen, p. 151.
31. Rosenbaum and Sherman, M.M. Warburg & Co., pp. 48–49.
32. Duckesz, Geschichte des Geschlechts Warburg, p. 109.
33. MMW Frz I Aufzeichnungen (2nd series), p. 4.
34. Fairer, The Warburgs, pp. 26–27.
CHAPTER 2
1. Melchior, Random Memories, p. 54.
2. Lachmann, “Damals … Erinnerungen von Olga Lachmann,” p. 5.
3. Eddy Lachman, letter to the author, April 19, 1992.
4. Rosenbaum and Sherman, M. M. Warburg & Co., p. 77.
5. Wechsberg, Merchant Bankers, p. 181.
6. Rosenbaum and Sherman, M. M. Warburg & Co., p. 79.
7. Lachmann, Draft Memoirs, III, p. 3.
8. Stern, Gold and Iron, p. 511.
9. MMW Ma XV.
10. Gombrich, Aby Warburg, p. 21.
11. Ibid, p. 21.
12. Warburg, Aus Meinen Aufzeichnungen, p. 2.
13. Spinelli, Erinnerungen, p. 43.
14. Farrer, The Warburgs, p. 30.
15. Ibid, p. 31.
16. Warburg, A Book for Jimmy, Jennifer and Philip, p. 27.
17. Frieda Schiff Warburg, Reminiscences, p. 37.
18. Warburg, A Book for Jimmy, Jennifer and Philip, p. 32.
19. Gombrich, Aby Warburg, p. 22.
20. Melchior, Random Memories, p. 77.
21. Ibid, p. 102.
22. Ibid, p. 45.
23. Eddy Lachman, letter to the author, April 19, 1992.
24. Farrer, The Warburgs, pp. 27–28.
25. Melchior, Random Memories, p. 23.
26. MMW Frz I Aufzeichnungen (2nd series), p. 5.
27. Warburg, Aus Meinen Aufzeichnungen, p. 2.
28. Melchior, Random Memories, p. 154.
CHAPTER 3
1. Massie, Dreadnought, p. 102.
2. MMW Ma XI, 1, p. 6.
3. Lachmann, Draft Memoirs, III, p. 5.
4. MMW Ma XV.
5. MMW Ma XI, 1 p. 8.
6. MMW Ma V, letter from Max to Charlotte Warburg, March 25, 1889.
7. MMW Ma XI, p. 8.
8. Warburg, Aus Meinen Aufzeichnungen, p. 12.
9. Ibid, p. 12.
10. Ibid, p. 14.
11. MMW JW I, letter from Max to James Warburg, April 8, 1929.
12. Bettina Warburg, interview with author.
13. Frieda Schiff Warburg, Reminiscences, p. 34.
14. Eddy Lachman, letter to author, April 19, 1992.
15. MMW Frz I Aufzeichnungen (3rd series), p. 2.
16. Eddy Lachman, letter to author, November 2, 1992.
17. Dr. Renée Watkins, letter to author, December 1, 1991.
18. FW, Box 1163, “Farrer Corrections,” ch. 3, p. 23.
19. MMW Ma XV.
20. Rosenbaum and Sherman, M. M. Warburg & Co., pp. 99–100.
21. Weizmann, Trial and Error, Vol. 1, p. 31.
CHAPTER 4
1. Farrer, The Warburgs, p. 34.
2. Felix Warburg, Letters to His Sons, letter to Gerald F. Warburg, July 24, 1924.
3. FW, B343, F6, Juilliard Commencement Address, May 28, 1937.
4. Ibid.
5. Johnson, History of the Jews, p. 394.
6. Birmingham, “Our Crowd,” p. 148.
7. Frieda Schiff Warburg, Reminiscences, p. 61.
8. Potter, Men, Money & Magic, p. 22.
9. Ibid.
10. Birmingham, “Our Crowd,” p. 196.
11. Frieda Schiff Warburg, Reminiscences, p. 87.
12. Ibid.
, p. 88.
13. Rothschild, Sharing and Caring, p. 34.
14. Frieda Schiff Warburg, Reminiscences, p. 89.
15. Birmingham, “Our Crowd,” p. 420.
16. Frieda Schiff Warburg, Reminiscences, p. 89.
17. FW, Box 1163, “Fairer Corrections.” Insert for ch. 3, pp. 26–27.
18. Frieda Schiff Warburg, Reminiscences, p. 52.
19. Ibid, p. 94.
20. Birmingham, “Our Crowd,” pp. 217–18.
21. Frieda Schiff Warburg, Reminiscences, p. 95.
22. BW.
23. Warburg, A Book for Jimmy, Jennifer and Philip, p. 62.
24. The New Yorker, June 11, 1955.
25. MMW Frz I Aufzeichnungen (3rd series), p. 3.
26. Birmingham, “Our Crowd,” p. 181.
27. Frieda Schiff Warburg, Reminiscences, p. 85.
28. Bettina Warburg, interview with author.
CHAPTER 5
1. MMW Ab MI5.
2. MAW.
3. MAW. “Speech at the Warburg Institute after the death of Gertrud Bing.”
4. MMW Ab M15.
5. Clark, Another Part of the Wood, p. 189.
6. Melchior, Random Memories, p. 189.
7. Ibid, p. 52.
8. MMW Ma XV.
9. Frieda Schiff Warburg, Reminiscences, p. 23.
10. Gombrich, Aby Warburg, p. 22.
11. MMW Frz I Aufzeichnungen (2nd series), p. 1.
12. AW Kopierbuch 6 26(7) Hamburg transcript, letter to Frau Lore, July 1, 1917.
13. AW. Family Correspondence 1887–1900, letter from unnamed Kamerad, June 20, 1894.
14. The American Scholar, Summer 1988, p. 447.
15. Ibid.
16. AW. Family Correspondence 1887–1900, letter to Charlotte Warburg, November 25, 1889.
17. AW. Family Correspondence 1887–1900, letter from Moritz Warburg, November 29, 1889.
18. Gombrich, Aby Warburg, p. 44.
19. Ibid, p. 53.
20. The American Scholar, Summer 1988, p. 447.
21. Warburg, Aus Meinen Aufzeichnungen, p. v.
22. Frieda Schiff Warburg, Reminiscences, p. 94.
23. Warburg, “A Lecture on Serpent Ritual,” p. 288.
24. Ibid, p. 285.
25. Ibid, p. 286.
26. The American Scholar, Summer 1988, p. 450.
