by Ron Chernow
27. Warburg, Zeiten und Gezeiten, p. 41.
28. MAW. “Speech at the Warburg Institute after the death of Gertrud Bing.”
29. MMW Ab MI.
30. AW. Family Correspondence 1887–1900, letter from Mary Hertz, May 19, 1897.
31. AW. Family Correspondence 1887–1900, letter to John Hertz May, 1897.
32. Ibid.
33. AW. Family Correspondence 1887–1900, letter from Charlotte Warburg, July 5, 1897.
34. AW. Family Correspondence 1887–1900, letter to Moritz Warburg, July 7, 1899.
35. AW. Family Correspondence 1887–1900, letter from Moritz Warburg, July 9, 1897.
CHAPTER 6
1. Warburg, Zeiten und Gezeiten, p. 26.
2. Warburg, Gedenkfeier, p. 9.
3. Warburg, Aus Meinen Aufzeichnungen.
4. Warburg, Zeiten und Gezeiten, p. 16.
5. MMW Ma XV.
6. Frieda Schiff Warburg, Reminiscences, p. 29.
7. Leo Baeck Institute Year Book XVI—1971, p. 225.
8. Lucie Kaye, interview with author.
9. Frieda Schiff Warburg, Reminiscences, p. 33.
10. Lucie Kaye, interview with author.
11. Anita Warburg, interview with author.
12. Ibid.
13. Warburg, Zeiten und Gezeiten, pp. 19–20.
14. Marie Warburg, letter to the author, October 31, 1991.
15. Warburg, Zeiten und Gezeiten, p. 26.
16. Ibid.
17. Anita Warburg, interview with author.
18. Lucie Kaye, interview with author.
19. MMW Ma XV.
20. Birmingham, “Our Crowd,” pp. 277–279.
21. Melchior, Random Memories, p. 184.
22. BW. “Nina L. Warburg.”
23. BW. Letter from Nina to Jim Loeb—April 16, 1898.
24. MMW F47.
25. MMW Frz I Aufzeichnungen (3rd series), p. 3.
26. Ibid.
27. Spinelli, Erinnerungen, p. 48.
28. Ibid, p. 52.
29. Gabriele Schiff, interview with author.
CHAPTER 7
1. Frieda Schiff Warburg, Reminiscences.
2. Ibid.
3. CUOH-JW, p. 7.
4. MMW Ma XV.
5. Stern, Gold and Iron, p. 543.
6. Bettina Warburg, interview with author.
7. Adler, Jacob H. Schiff, Vol. I, p. 19.
8. Warburg, The Federal Reserve System, Vol. 1, p. 171.
9. The Century magazine, May 1915.
10. Warburg, The Federal Reserve System, Vol. 1, p. 18.
11. Bird, The Chairman, p. 72.
12. CUOH-JW, p. 18.
13. Ibid, p. 46.
14. Birmingham, “Our Crowd,” p. 318.
15. CUOH-JW, pp. 47–8.
16. CUOH-JW, p. 46.
17. Birmingham, “Our Crowd,” p. 402.
18. FW, Box 1163.
19. FW, Box 1163, “Farrer Corrections,” ch. 14, p. 241.
20. The American Jewish Year Book 5699 Vol 40, September 26, 1938-September 13, 1939. p. 37.
21. Kobler, Otto the Magnificent, pp. 29–30.
22. FW, “Personal Recollections,” by Alice R. Emanuel.
23. Frieda Schiff Warburg, Reminiscences, p. 130.
24. Birmingham, “Our Crowd,” pp. 314–15.
25. Ibid, p. 314.
26. Ibid.
27. The New York Times, August 11, 1991.
28. Farrer, The Warhurgs, p. 69.
29. Rothschild, Sharing and Caring, p. 29.
30. Farrer, The Warburgs, p. 68.
31. Rothschild, Sharing and Caring, p. 22.
32. Warburg, As I Recall, p. 3.
33. Frieda Schiff Warburg, Reminiscences, p. 121.
34. Weber, Patron Saints, p. 184.
35. Birmingham, “Our Crowd,” pp. 312–13.
36. Warburg, Letters to His Sons, letter to Frederick Warburg, December 4, 1913.
37. Birmingham, “Our Crowd,” p. 323.
38. Warburg, As I Recall p. 20.
39. Rothschild, Sharing and Caring, introduction.
40. The American Hebrew, February 10, 1922.
41. Howe, World of Our Fathers, p. 133.
42. The American Banker, February 10, 1922.
43. The Jewish Daily Bulletin, June 9, 1930.
44. FW B343 F1. “Eddie Cantor Address to delegates of Philadelphia AJJDC conference,” November 22, 1937.
45. MMW Ma XV.
46. Waldman, Nor by Power, p. 232.
47. Adler, Jacob H. Schiff, Vol. II, p. 122.
48. Weizmann, Trial and Error, Vol. 1, p. 62.
49. Adler, “Jacob H. Schiff,” p. 55.
CHAPTER 8
1. Hamburger Abendblatt, August 14, 1982.
2. MMW MW 11, letter from Max Warburg to Herr Huldermann, December 28, 1921.
3. Cecil, Albert Ballin, pp. 33–34.
4. Hamburger Abendblatt, August 14, 1982.
5. MMW, Ma XI, 1.
6. Stern, Gold and Iron, p. 544.
7. Nationaldemokrat, April 1, 1912.
8. MMW Ma XV.
9. Leo Baeck Institute Year Book III, 1958, p. 270.
10. Massie, Dreadnought, p. 799.
11. Hamburger Abendblatt, November 24, 1976.
12. Warburg, Zeiten und Gezeiten, p. 14.
13. MMW Ma V, letter from Max Warburg to M.M. Warburg & Co., February 28, 1925.
14. Warburg, Aus Meinen Aufzeichnungen, p. 30.
15. Ibid.
16. Ibid.
17. Ibid, p. 31.
18. Ibid.
19. Weizmann, Trial and Error, Vol. I, p. 143.
20. Warburg, Aus Meinen Aufzeichnungen, p. 32.
21. Cecil, Albert Ballin, p. 101.
22. MMW MW II, letter from Max Warburg to Herr Huldermann—28 December 1921.
23. Cecil, Albert Ballin, p. 120.
24. MMW Ma XIV, p. 530.
25. Rosenbaum and Sherman, M.M. Warburg & Co., p. 101.
26. MMW Ma VI, letter from Korekiyo Takahashi to Max Warburg, March 23, 1935.
27. MMW Ma XI, 1.
28. Warburg, Aus Meinen Aufzeichnungen, p. 20.
29. Leo Baeck Institute Year Book, 1962, p. 133.
CHAPTER 9
1. Warburg, A Book for Jimmy, Jennifer and Philip, p. 29.
2. Mnemosyne, p. 26.
3. MMW Ma XV.
4. Farrer, The Warburgs, p. 127.
5. AW. Family Correspondence 1887–1900. Report of female visitor to Florence.
6. Adolf Prag, interview with author.
7. Frieda Schiff Warburg, Reminiscences, p. 27.
8. Mnemosyne, p. 39.
9. Bing, “Aby M. Warburg,” p. 18.
10. Gombrich, Aby Warburg, p. 117.
11. AW, Kopierbuch II 26(3) Hamburg Transcript, letter to Max Warburg, January 20, 1909.
12. Gombrich, Aby Warburg, p. 130.
13. Ibid., p. 325.
14. Ibid, p. 137.
15. The American Scholar, Summer 1988, p. 450.
16. Leo Baeck Institute Year Book, 1962, p. 133.
17. Warburg, Aus Meinen Aufzeichnungen, p. 6.
18. AW Kopierbuch 3 26(5), letter to Max Warburg, November 24, 1909.
19. AW Kopierbuch I Hamburg Transcript, p. 181, letter to Max Warburg, February 1, 1906.
20. AW 26(2) Kopierbuch I Hamburg Transcript, letter to Dr. O. Wulff, February 7, 1907.
21. AW. Family Correspondence, letter to Mary Warburg, March 26, 1907.
22. AW. Kopierbuch III, letter of July 27, 1909 to Dwelshauers, July 27, 1909.
23. AW. Kopierbuch 3 26(s), letter to Felix Warburg, December 12, 1909.
24. Mnemosyne, p. 43.
25. MAW. “Speech at the Warburg Institute after the death of Gertrud Bing.”
26. AW. Kopierbuch II 26(3), Hamburg Transcript, letter to Herr Waetzoldt, February 28, 1909.
27. AW. Kopierbuch IV 25(6), letter to Dr. Sonderling, February 28, 1912.
28
. AW. Kopierbuch III, letter to “Lieber Schwedeier,” July 15, 1909.
29. The American Scholar, Summer 1988, p. 451.
30. AW, Family Correspondence, 1887–1900, letter to Charlotte Warburg, November 24, 1898.
31. Ruppin, Briefe, Tagebücher, Erinnerungen, p. 139.
32. Gisela Wyzanski, interview with author.
33. AW. Kopierbuch II 26(3), Hamburg Transcript.
34. The American Scholar, Summer 1988, pp. 451–52.
35. Ibid.
36. AW. Kopierbuch III 26(5), letter to Max Warburg, February 19, 1910.
37. Heise, Persönliche Erinnerungen, p. 33.
38. Mnemosyne, p. 52.
39. Heise, Persönliche Erinnerungen, p. 32.
40. Gombrich, Aby Warburg, p. 328.
41. Heise, Persönliche Erinnerungen, p. 18.
42. Ibid, p. 35.
43. Ibid., p. 37.
44. AW. Kopierbuch IV 25(6), letter to Max Warburg, July 23, 1912.
45. AW. Kopierbuch 5 26(7), Hamburg Transcript, letter to Fritz Warburg, December 2, 1913.
CHAPTER 10
1. Warburg, A Book for Jimmy, Jennifer and Philip, p. 6.
2. Redmond’s Financial Weekly, October 19, 1923.
3. Leo Baeck Institute Year Book, 1962, p. 134.
4. The Century magazine, May 1915.
5. Warburg. The Federal Reserve System, Vol. I, p. 8.
6. Adler, Jacob H. Schiff, Vol. I, p. 279.
7. The Century magazine, May 1915.
8. Warburg, The Federal Reserve System, Vol. I, p. 19.
9. Ibid, Vol. II, p. 29.
10. Ibid, Vol. I, pp. 58–59.
11. Stephenson, Nelson W. Aldrich, p. 334.
12. Ibid.
13. Warburg, The Federal Reserve System, Vol. I, pp. 56–57.
14. Ibid, Vol. I, p. 60.
15. Stephenson, Nelson W. Aldrich, pp. 378–79.
16. Philadelphia North American, April 12, 1911.
17. Warburg, The Federal Reserve System, Vol. I, p. 76.
18. Ibid., Vol. I, p. 78.
19. CUOH—JW, p. 7.
20. Warburg, The Federal Reserve System, Vol. I, p. 91.
21. Ibid., Vol. I, p. 410.
22. Baker, Woodrow Wilson, Vol. 4, p. 147.
23. Warburg, The Federal Reserve System, Vol. I, pp. 98–99.
24. EH. SI B144a F 4015, letter from Paul Warburg, July 22, 1913.
25. Broesamle, William Gibbs McAdoo, p. 124.
26. Warburg, The Federal Reserve System, Vol. I, p. 421.
27. Farrer, The Warburgs, p. 90.
28. Warburg, The Federal Reserve System, Vol. II, p. 3.
29. Ibid., Vol. I, p. 407.
30. CUOH-JW, p. 17.
31. Warburg, The Federal Reserve System, Vol. I, p. 125.
32. Ibid., Vol. I, p. 140.
33. Ibid., Vol. I, p. 143.
34. New York American, May 18, 1914.
35. Redmond’s Financial Weekly, October 19, 1923.
36. Philadelphia North American, July 10, 1914.
37. The New York Times, May 13, 1914.
38. Broesamle, William Gibbs McAdoo, p. 122.
39. Philadelphia Inquirer, July 12, 1914.
40. Warburg, The Federal Reserve System, Vol. I, p. 147.
41. PW. SI B2 F21, letter to Woodrow Wilson, July 3, 1914.
42. The Wall Street Journal, July 29, 1914.
43. PW. SI B2 F21, letter from Woodrow Wilson, July 25, 1914.
44. PW. SI B2 F21. letter to Woodrow Wilson, July 29, 1914.
45. New York Sun, August 13, 1914.
46. Financial American, August 13, 1914.
47. PW. SI B2 F22, letter to Colonel E. M. House, August 11, 1914.
CHAPTER 11
1. Leo Baeck Institute Bulletin, 1960, p. 182.
2. MMW Ma XI, 1.
3. Warburg, Aus Meinen Aufzeichnungen, p. 24.
4. MMW Ma XVI, 2.
5. Rosenbaum and Sherman, M.M. Warburg & Co., p. 105.
6. Pick, Searchlight on German Africa, p. 5.
7. Vagts, “M.M. Warburg & Co.,” p. 323.
8. Pick, Searchlight on German Africa, p. 9.
9. Ibid., p. 15.
10. Ibid., p. 14.
11. Ibid., p. 18.
12. Massie, Dreadnought, p. 726.
13. Vagts, “M.M. Warburg & Co.,” p. 321.
14. Pick, Searchlight on German Africa, p. 23.
15. Ibid., p. 42.
16. Cecil, Albert Ballin, p. 179.
17. Warburg, Aus Meinen Aufzeichnungen, p. 25.
18. MMW Ma XI, 1.
19. Warburg, The Long Road Home, p. 17.
20. MMW Ma XI, 1 p. 4.
21. Ibid.
22. Rosenbaum and Sherman, M.M. Warburg & Co., p. 100.
23. Leo Baeck Institute Year Book, 1962, p. 138.
24. Leo Baeck Institute Year Book III, 1958, p. 296.
25. MMW. “Albert Ballin File, November, 1912—December, 1914.” Letter from Max Warburg to Jacob Schiff, April 30, 1913.
26. Rosenbaum and Sherman, M.M. Warburg & Co., pp. 111–112.
27. Prince von Bülow, Memoirs, Vol. III. p. 198.
28. Rosenbaum and Sherman, M.M. Warburg & Co., p. 112.
29. MMW Ma XIV, p. 647.
30. Mayer, Erinnerungen, p. 153.
31. Warburg, Aus Meinen Aufzeichnungen, p. 50.
32. Rosenbaum and Sherman, M.M. Warburg & Co., p. 113.
33. Cecil, Albert Ballin, p. 213.
34. Ibid.
35. MMW. “Eric Warburg extracts for memoir.”
36. Warburg, Aus Meinen Aufzeichnungen, pp. 35, 36.
37. Ibid., p. 36.
38. Spinelli, Erinnerungen, p. 54.
39. Rosenbaum and Sherman, M.M. Warburg & Co., p. 114.
40. EL. Undated memo about Max Warburg trip to Belgium.
41. Warburg, Aus Meinen Aufzeichnungen, p. 37.
42. MMW Ma XII, p. 75.
43. Warburg, Aus Meinen Aufzeichnungen, p. 42.
44. Ibid., p. 43.
CHAPTER 12
1. Frieda Schiff Warburg, Reminiscences, p. 76.
2. Gay, Weimar Culture, p. 1.
3. Potter, Men, Money & Magic, pp. 44–45.
4. The New York Times, August 18, 1918.
5. Chandler, Benjamin Strong, p. 17.
6. PW. SI B3 F33. Speech of May 3, 1916.
7. Warburg, The Federal Reserve System, Vol. I, p. 151.
8. Warburg, Germany: Key to Peace, p. xii.
9. CUOH-JW, p. 36.
10. Ibid. p. 44.
11. Bettina Warburg, interview with author.
12. Ibid.
13. MMW. F47, letter from Paul Warburg to Max Warburg, December 19, 1922.
14. PW. SI B3 F42, memo of February 8, 1917.
15. The New York Times, August 18, 1918.
16. Spring Rice, The Letters and Friendships, p. 245.
17. Ibid., p. 243.
18. The New York Times, January 9, 1936.
19. Dayer, Finance and Empire, pp. 89–90.
20. Frieda Schiff Warburg, Reminiscences, p. 140.
21. FW. B171 F8, letter to Jacob Schiff, March 21, 1916.
22. Ibid.
23. Nevins, Herbert H. Lehman, pp. 68–69.
24. DS. Letter from Jacob Schiff to Max Warburg, February 25, 1916.
25. Birmingham, “Our Crowd,” pp. 323–24.
26. Bentwich, For lion’s Sake, p. 99.
27. Agar, The Saving Remnant, p. 19.
28. JS. B440 F8, letter to Max Warburg, January 5, 1915.
29. Kobler, Otto the Magnificent, p. 87.
30. JS. B440 F8, letter from Max Warburg, December 22, 1914.
31. JS. B440 F8, letter from Max Warburg, November 11, 1914.
32. MMW Ma 36.
33. JS. B440 F7, letter from Max Warburg, 4 January 1915.
34. Warburg, “Finanzielle Kriegslehren,” p. 23.
35. Ibid.
36. JS. B440 F8, letter from Max Warbur
g, May 15, 1915.
37. Birmingham, “Our Crowd,” p. 345.
38. JS. B440 F8, letter to Max Warburg, September 22, 1915.
39. JS. Letter from Max Warburg, September 22, 1915.
40. Adler, Jacob H Schiff, Vol. II, p. 252.
41. Birmingham, “Our Crowd,” p. 345.
42. JS. B440 F7, letter to Max Warburg, November 5, 1915.
43. JS. B440 F7, letter from Max Warburg, November 24, 1915.
44. Roberts, “A Conflict of Loyalties,” p. 21.
CHAPTER 13
1. James W. Gerard, Face to Face with Kaiserism. p. 112.
2. EL. “Notiz für die Akte Antisemitismus über das Gespräch mit dem Kriegsminister von Stein.” March 2, 1917.
3. Spinelli, Erinnerungen, p. 46.
4. MMW MW 56.
5. Lorenz, Die Juden in Hamburg, Vol. I, p. 46; and Krohn, Die Juden in Hamburg, Vol. 1, p. 202.
6. Hamburger Echo, December 8, 1914.
7. Leo Baeck Institute Year Book, 1962, p. 141.
8. Ibid.
9. Roberts, “A Conflict of Loyalties,” pp. 21–22.
10. Leo Baeck Institute Year Book, 1965, p. 54.
11. Ibid., p. 55.
12. Ibid., p. 31.
13. Rosenbaum and Sherman, M.M. Warburg & Co., p. 117.
14. Warburg, Aus Meinen Aufzeichnungen, p. 46.
15. MMW Ma V. 1917 Annual Report of M.M. Warburg & Co.
16. Bing, “Aby M. Warburg,” p. 31.
17. AW Kopierbuch 6 26(7) Hamburg Transcript, letter to Onkel Empel, August 9, 1914.
18. AW Kopierbuch 5 26(7) Hamburg Transcript, letter to Veth, September 2, 1914.
19. Blumenfeld, Life begins at 65, p. 47.
20. AW Kopierbuch 26(7) Hamburg Transcript, letters to Paul Warburg, August 28, 1914, and May 4, 1915.
21. BW. Letter from Jim Loeb to Paul and Nina Warburg, August 26, 1915.
22. AW Kopierbuch 6 26(7) Hamburg Transcript, letter to unnamed person, June 27, 1915.
23. AW Kopierbuch 6 26(7) Hamburg Transcript, letter to editor of Frankfurter Zeitung, February 2, 1915.
24. AW Kopierbuch 6 26(7) Hamburg Transcript, letter to Hübner, May 21, 1915.
25. AW Kopierbuch 6 26(7) Hamburg Transcript, letter to Paul Warburg, May 27, 1915.
26. AW Kopierbuch 6 26(7) Hamburg Transcript, letter to editors of Simplicissimus, August 29, 1915.
27. AW Kopierbuch 6 26(7) Hamburg Transcript, letter to Herr Hornbostel, August 18, 1915.
28. AW Kopierbuch 6 26(7) Hamburg Transcript, letter to Paul Davidsohn, April 16, 1915.
29. BW. Letter from Jim Loeb to Nina and Paul Warburg, July 27, 1915.
30. MMW Frz I, p. 35.
31. Spinelli, Erinnerungen, p. 56.
