SSL, 61
Stallman, Richard, 97
Stanford University, 60, 96, 154, 176, 229, 267, 289
Starbucks, 231, 299, 350
State, U.S. Department of, 212, 260, 425
Steinberg, Hattie M., 305
Sternad, Ken, 149
Steyn, Mark, 373
storage devices, 162-63
Straw, Jack, 213
Stross, Randall, 99
Students for a Democratic Society (SDS), 403
Subramanian, Arvind, 461
Sudan, 373, 409-12
Sundaram, Natarajan, 358
Sunder, Sophie, 24-25
Sun Microsystems, 62, 81, 104-5
Sunrex, 416
supply chains, 128-41, 161, 171, 176, 177, 212, 216, 322, 350, 419
environmental issues and, 298-301
geopolitics and, 419-27
impact of digital technology on, 343
insourcing and, 141-50, 171
management of, 354
terrorist, 429-32, 437
Supreme Court, U.S., 254
Suzuki, 234
Swainson, John, 89-90
Sweden, 95, 346
Syria, 320, 330, 423, 457
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
T
Taiwan, 208, 249, 257, 263, 269, 272, 330, 356, 409, 415-19, 422-25
Taliban, 458
Tanzim, 467
Target, 118
Targus, 417
Tas, Jeroen, 13
p. 487 Task Force on the Future of American Innovation, 268
Tata, Ratan, 234
Tata Consulting Services Ltd. (TCS), 110, 184, 205-6
TCP/IP, 61, 76
Teac, 417
Technical University of Hamburg-Harburg, 395
technological determinism, 373-74
TechRepublic.com, 291
Tefla, Sa’d Bin, 404
Telecommunications Act (1996), 67, 69, 105
Tellme Networks, 68
Tenba, 417
terrorism, 284, 392-97, 406, 436-37
nuclear, 436-37
see also 9/11; al-Qaeda
Texas Instruments, 3, 30, 105, 107
Thailand, 117, 320, 417, 422
Tharrington, Jeannie, 136
Thatcher, Margaret, 314, 333
Third International Math and Science Test, 273
3D Studio Max, 187
3M, 3
Tiananmen Square massacre, 373
Timm, David, 235
TiVo, 155-56, 171
tolerance, culture of, 327-28
Tolstoy, Vladimir, 166
Torvalds, Linus, 97
Toshiba, 142, 417
Toyota, 139, 263
Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study, 271
Trilogy Publications, 258
Tropiano, Laurie, 357-58
Tsinghua University, 193-94
Tunisia, 320
Turkey, 326, 335, 346, 457-58
Twain, Mark, 158-59
24/7 Customer, 21-26, 28, 184
Tyco, 198
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
U
U.S.-China Business Council, 125
U.S. Physics Team, 270
Uganda, 328
Ugarte, Jose, 265
Ukraine, 322
Unabomber, 431
Unilever, 241
Unite, 385
United Arab Emirates, 319
United Kingdom, see Britain
United Nations, 212, 278, 366
Development Program, 398
Security Council, 409-10
United Parcel Service (UPS), 141-50, 349, 419
United Press International, 19
United States, 95, 148, 190, 198, 239, 316, 354
Afghanistan and, 55, 198, 436, 458
ambition level in, 260-65
automobile industry in, 30, 123, 146-47
business startups in, 335
capital markets in, 245-46
China and, 118-20, 122-27, 331-33
in Cold War, 276-80, 283
consumer market in, 247
credit registries in, 320
crisis in science and technology in, 252-55, 307-11
culture of, 325
education in, 262, 264-73
energy consumption in, 409-12
global supply chains of, 423, 425
immigrants to, 397
innovation-generating institutions in, 244-45
Institute of Peace, 432
intellectual property protection in, 217-18, 246
Iraq war, 198, 218, 345, 386, 402, 431, 435, 448, 456
Japan and, 129, 140
labor market flexibility in, 246, 284-85
manufacturing in, 138-39
Mexico and, 310, 335 (see also North American Free Trade Agreement)
multinationals headquartered in, 209 (see also specific companies)
national highway system in, 68-69
offshoring by, 416, 417
openness of, 246
outsourcing to, 355
party politics in, 221
political leadership in, 280-84
political stability of, 247
post-World War II, 251-52
productivity gains in, 178
radicals in, 396
salary scales in, 367
terrorists and, 392, 393, 434 (see also 9/11)
trade policies of, 225-30, 236, 462
video game industry in, 187, 189
visas for entry into, 184-85, 192, 467
United Technologies, 426
Unix computers, 59
Unnikrisan, Anney, 28
USI, 417
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
V
Vajpayee, Ata Bihari, 427
Vashistha, Atul, 239-40, 459
Venezuela, 283, 321, 410, 412, 460
Verleger, Phillip K., Jr., 411-12
versatilists, 290-92
videoconferencing, 166
videogames, 187, 189, 353
Vietnam, 91, 117
war in, 20
Virtual Caliphate, 430, 431
p. 488 virtual private network (VPN), 188
Visa card, 414
Voice of America, 459-60
Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), 165-66, 349
Volex, 417
Volpi, Mike, 166
Volvo, 263
VTR (Virtual Tax Room), 13
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
W
wage insurance, 294-97
Waitman, Claudia, 165
Wales, Jimmy, 94-95
Wal-Mart, 118, 128-41, 143, 167, 174, 214-16, 220, 301, 430, 454
Walsh, Pat, 162
Walton, Sam, 131-33, 137, 138, 215
Wang, Winston, 423
Warburg Pincus, 68
Ward, Steve, 210
Warrior, Padmasree, 168
Washington University, 193
Watanabe, Osamu, 119, 422
Weather Underground, 396
Web browsers, 56-64, 71
WebSphere, 90
Wee Theng Tan, 317
Weimann, Gabriel, 432-33
Welch, Jack, 106
Wertz, William, 130
Western Electric, 68
Whirlpool, 263
Whitman, Meg, 78, 453-56
Wikipedia, 94-95
Wild Brain, 71-73
Williams, Candace Lee, 449-50
Win Liu, 34
Winnick, Gary, 67
Wipro Technologies, 30, 105, 106, 109, 110, 112, 236, 246, 290, 356, 384, 426-28, 458
wireless technology, 159-62, 167-70, 213
Wistron, 416
Wladawsky-Berger, Irving, 93, 443
workers, lifetime employability of, 284-93
work flow software, 71-80, 149, 171, 176, 187, 195, 414
World Bank, 183, 315, 317, 384, 386, 408
WorldCom, 198
World Trade Organization (WTO), 95, 114-16, 121, 125-26, 183, 332, 335, 384, 386, 408
World War I, 9, 405, 411
World War II, 9, 412
World Wide Web, 9, 56-57, 60, 85
see also Internet
WPP, 180-81
Wrighton, Mark, 193
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
X
Xia Deren, 34-36
XML, 75-76, 240
Xujun, 137-38
Xu Tian, 247-48
Y
Y2K computer crisis, 108-15
Yahoo!, 65, 153-54, 156, 157, 160, 171, 218-19, 231, 233, 265, 367, 405
YaleGlobal, 94, 383, 405, 432
Yale University, 105, 192-93, 247-48
Yamani, Ahmed Zaki, 405
Yang, Jerry, 154, 157-58, 265, 375, 384
Yang Yuanqing, 210
Yiting Liu, 193
Young & Rubicam, 180
Z
Zaun, Todd, 161, 170
Zayat, Taha, 311-12
Zedillo, Ernesto, 296, 314, 333-34
Zhao, Michael, 407-408
Zimbabwe, 333-34
zippies, 183-91, 226
Publication Information
About The World Is Flat
The groundbreaking new book by the Pulitzer Prize-winning author of
THE LEXUS AND THE OLIVE TREE
When scholars write the history of the world twenty years from now and they come to the chapter “Y2K to March 2004,” what will they say was the most crucial development? The attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon on 9/11 and the Iraq war? Or the convergence of technology and events that allowed India, China, and so many other countries to become part of the global supply chain for services and manufacturing, creating an explosion of wealth in the middle classes of the world’s two biggest nations and giving them a huge new stake in the success of globalization? And with this “flattening” of the globe, which requires us to run faster in order to stay in place, has the world gotten too small and too fast for human beings and their political systems to adjust in a stable manner?
In his brilliant new book, the award-winning New York Times columnist Thomas L. Friedman demystifies this brave new world for readers, allowing them to make sense of the often bewildering global scene unfolding before their eyes. With his inimitable ability to translate complex foreign policy and economic issues, Friedman explains how the flattening of the world happened at the dawn of the twenty-first century; what it means to countries, companies, communities, and individuals; and how governments and societies can, and must, adapt. The World Is Flat is a timely and essential update on globalization, its successes and discontents, powerfully illuminated by one of our most respected journalists.
Thomas L. Friedman has won the Pulitzer Prize three times for his work at The New York Times, where he serves as the foreign affairs columnist. He is the author of three bestselling books: From Beirut to Jerusalem (FSG, 1989), winner of the National Book Award for nonfiction and still considered the definitive work on the Middle East; The Lexus and the Olive Tree: Understanding Globalization (FSG, 1999); and Longitudes and Attitudes: Exploring the World After September 11 (FSG, 2002). He lives in Bethesda, Maryland, with his family.
Jacket design by Dean Nicastro
Jacket illustration: / Told You So, © Ed Miracle, full-color lithograph, 21 x 34 in., courtesy of Paradise Cay Publications, www.paracay.com
Author photograph © Greg Martin
FARRAR, STRAUS AND GIROUX
www.fsgbooks.com
Copyright Notice
Farrar, Straus and Giroux
19 Union Square West, New York 10003
Copyright © 2005 by Thomas L. Friedman
All rights reserved
Distributed in Canada by Douglas & McIntyre Ltd.
Printed in the United States of America
First edition, 2005
Grateful acknowledgment is made to the following for permission to reprint excerpts of their work: Business Monthly; BusinessWeek; City Journal; Discovery Channel / Discovery Times Channel; Education Week, Editorial Projects in Education; Forbes; New Perspectives Quarterly; The International Finance Corporation / World Bank; YaleGlobal Online Magazine (http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/). Excerpts from articles from The Washington Post are © 2004.
Reprinted with permission.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Friedman, Thomas L.
The world is flat : a brief history of the twenty-first century / Thomas L. Friedman.—1st ed.
p. cm.
Includes index.
ISBN-13: 978-0-374-29288-1
ISBN-10: 0-374-29288-4 (hardcover : alk. paper)
1. Diffusion of innovations. 2. Information society. 3. Globalization—Economic aspects. 4. Globalization—Social aspects. I. Title.
HM846.F74 2005
303.48’33-dc22
2004028685
Designed by Jonathan D. Lippincott
www.fsgbooks.com
1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2
eBook Version Notes
v1.0 September 2005 – Desktop & PocketPC .lit
Scan, conversion, and proofing.
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