Guchkov, Aleksandr, 187–188
Guizot, François, 81
Gulag. See forced-labor camps
Gulag Archipelago (Solzhenitsyn), 304
Gusinsky, Vladimir, 323
Habsburg, Wilhelm (Archduke), 201
Habsburg Empire, x, 147, 148–149
Hamlet (Sumarokov), 49
Hegel, G. W. F., 107
Helsinki Accords (1975), 304
Herberstein, Sigismund, 15
Herder, Johann Gottfried, 82
Hermogen (Patriarch of Moscow), 28
Herzen, Aleksandr, 127–128
Hetmanate, 58–59, 94
“historiography crisis,” 47–48
history, 64, 91
for cultural inspiration, 271–272
nationalism and literary, 280
revival of, 249–250, 252–253, 265
History of Little Russia (Bantysh-Kamensky), 110
History of the Kazakh SSR (Pankratova), 274
History of the Rus’, 116–117, 126
History of the Russian State (Karamzin), 78, 90
History of Western Philosophy (Aleksandrov, G.), 279
Hitler, Adolf, 250, 259, 267
Putin and, 339
Stalin and, 260, 262–263, 268, 269, 272
Holodomor. See Great Ukrainian Famine
Homan (Echo) (newspaper), 203
Hosking, Geoffrey, x–xi
How the Tsar Deceives the People (brochure), 183
Hrushevsky, Mykhailo, 164–165, 168, 183, 220, 231
arrest of, 241
Rada and, 194–195
Russian Revolution and, 198
human rights, 304–306
Hungary, 6, 200
“Hymn of the Bolshevik Party” (Aleksandrov, A.), 271
identity, 6, 81
citizenship and, 56, 349
ethnicity and, 319–320
nationalism and, 263–268
religious, 66–69, 96, 97, 180
Russian Federation and, 319–320
Ruthenian, 98–99
Ukraine and, 350–351
Ukrainian language and, 230–231
Ihnatoŭski, Usevalad, 236, 241
Ilin, Ivan, 327
Imperial Academy of Sciences, 47
Imperial Geographic Society, 146
indigenization campaign, 228, 238, 303
language and culture with, 229, 231–232, 234, 236–237, 241
reversal, 239, 241–243
intellectual elite, 47, 59–60, 242, 292, 306
International Council of Russian Compatriots, 330
Interregional Group of Deputies, 308–309, 314
Iosafat (Bulhak) (Metropolitan), 99Iov (metropolitan of Moscow), 25, 26
Irina (Tsarina), 26
Irina (Princess), 30
Isidore (Greek metropolitan of Rus’), 21
Israel, 61, 280
Ivan III Vasilievich (Tsar), 23, 69
with expansion, 11–12, 13
rise of, ix, 3–4, 7–10
Ivan IV (the Terrible) (Tsar)
criticism of, 279–280
influence, 15–17, 20, 24, 27, 47
Ivan Susanin (play), 275
Ivan V (Tsar), 42
Ivanov, Anatolii, 292
Izvestiia (News), 251
Jabotinsky, Vladimir, 166
January Uprising (1863), 122–123
Japan, 158, 246, 257
Jeremiah II (Patriarch of Constantinople), 24–26, 35
Jews, 61, 203, 237, 280
anti-Semitism against, 170, 278, 291
marriage and, 295
persecution of, 180–181, 262
Joachim V (Patriarch of Antioch), 19–20, 24, 25, 26
John II Casimir (King of Poland), 266
Joint Investigation Team, 344
Joseph II (Habsburg Emperor), 65
journals, 116–117, 126
influence, 60, 108
language and, 131–132, 138–139, 166, 303
literary, 291–292
Ukraine in, 128–129
underground, 304
Kabuzan, Vladimir, 320
Kaftan, Larisa, 326
Kaganovich, Lazar, 230, 232–233
Kaliningrad region, 309
Kalinowski, Wincenty Konstanty (Kalinoŭski, Kastus), 132, 272
Kamenev, Lev, 220–221, 229, 238
Karamzin, Nikolai, 77–78, 90
Katkov, Mikhail, 134, 141–143, 145
Kaverda, Barys, 240
Kazakhstan, 310, 323
Kazan, 15
Keenan, Edward L., 349
KGB, 293, 294, 310
khlopomany (peasant-lovers), 123
Khmelnytsky, Bohdan (Hetman of Ukraine)
honors for, 272–273
role of, 32–34, 37, 80, 135, 264–265
Khodorkovsky, Mikhail, 323, 334
Khomiakov, Aleksei, 107, 116
Khrushchev, Nikita, 272–273, 279, 280, 321
communism and, 285, 295, 300
influence, 286
reforms, 281, 286–290
Stalin and, 284–286
Khvyliovy, Mykola, 242
Kievlianin (The Kyivan), 187, 195, 199
Kingdom of Poland, 76–78
Kirill (Patriarch) (Gundiaev), viii, 330–331
Kistiakovsky, Bohdan, 166
Kobzar (Minstrel) (Shevchenko), 109–110
Koialovich, Mikhail, 132–134
Kolesnichenko, Vadim, 330
Kolokol (The Bell) (journal), 128, 129
Komsomol’skaia pravda (Komsomol Truth) (newspaper), 326
Konstantinovich, Konstantin, 162–163
Konysky, Heorhii (Archbishop), 60–61, 117
Kopitar, Jernej Bartol, 125, 148
Koreans, 284
Kormchaia kniga (1653), 35
Korniichuk, Oleksandr, 265, 275, 280
Kornilov, Lavr, 199–200, 206
Korsh, Fedor, 162
Kościuszko, Tadeusz, 62–63, 70, 73, 272
Kościuszko Uprising, 63, 65, 68
Kostenko, Lina, 293
Kosterina, Nina, 249–250
Kostomarov, Mykola (Nikolai), 114, 138, 152
language and, 139, 141–142
Ukraine and, 105, 106–107, 108, 109, 112–113, 120, 128–129, 133
Kosygin, Aleksei, 294
Kotliarevsky, Ivan, 108–109, 126, 131, 148
Kotsiubynsky, Mykhailo, 198
Kotsiubynsky, Yurii, 198
Kozytsky, Hryhorii, 60
Kravchuk, Leonid, 312–313
Kremianets school, 93
the Kremlin, 4
Krupskaia, Nadezhda, 223
Kuchma, Leonid, 323
Kulish, Panteleimon, 113, 116, 139, 150, 328
Kupala, Yanka, 272
Kutuzov, Mikhail, 75–76, 272
Kvitka-Osnovianenko, Hryhorii, 109
Kyiv, 12, 40–41, 93–95, 198
Kyivan Cave Monastery, 40–41, 48, 92
Kyivan Rus’, vii–ix, 4, 5–11
Kyivan Telegraph, 146
Kyrychenko, Oleksii, 283
labor
forced-labor camps, 241, 256, 293–294, 305–306, 334
protests, 158–159
unions, 300
land hunger, peasants and, 170–171
language, 91–92, 119, 347–348
Belarus and, 130–132, 289–290
censorship in, 130–131, 137–146, 150, 162–163, 173, 179–180, 207–208
Church Slavonic, 48–51, 89, 118
culture and, 165–167, 229, 231–232, 234, 236–237, 241, 287, 307, 340–341
dialects, 124–127, 132, 135
education and, 159, 234, 288–289
Georgian, 303
indigenization campaign and, 229, 231–232, 234, 236–273, 241
journals and, 131–132, 138–139, 166, 303
media and, 140–141, 163–164, 173, 233
nationality and, 126
nationhood and, 117–118, 14
2
reform, 48–51
Ruthenians and, 147–148, 149
Ukrainization and, 232
See also Russian language; Ukrainian language
Lastoŭski, Vatslaŭ, 205–206
Latvia, 307, 320
Lavrov, Sergei, 341
The Law of God, or Books of the Genesis of the Ukrainian People (Kostomarov), 112–113, 128
Lebed, Dmytro, 230
Lebedev-Kumach, Vasilii, 269 Lenin, Vladimir, 171
Bolshevik Party and, 213–217
coup and, 193–194
First All-Union Congress of Soviets and, 211–213
influence, 229, 247
legacy, 224–225, 284
nationality and, 193, 196
Rada and, 196, 197
Russian Revolution and, 191, 192–193, 198
Stalin and, 212–213, 219–225, 260
on Ukraine, 215–216
“Letter to the Workers and Peasants of Ukraine on the Occasion of the Victories over Denikin” (Lenin), 216
A Life for the Tsar (Glinka, N.), 253
literature
Belarusian-language, 131
censorship of, 115
“Great Patriotic War of the Soviet People” and, 271–272
journals, 291–292
with nationalism and history, 280
Ukrainian, 108–111, 138–146, 280
“village prose,” 291, 292, 303
Lithuania, 10–12, 61–62, 133
“Little Rus’,” 37–38, 40, 133, 135
Little Russia, 57–59, 110–111, 326–327
Little Russian tribe, xii, 88, 124, 135
Livonian War, 16, 17
Lokhvitsky, Kondratii, 94
Lomonosov, Mikhail, 48, 49–51
Loris-Melikov, Mikhail, 151–152
Louis Philippe I (King of France), 81
“Love Ukraine” (Sosiura), 280
Ludendorff, Erich, 200, 203
Lukashenka, Aliaksandr, 319, 323, 345
Luzhkov, Yurii, 318
Maksymovych, Mykhailo, 93–94, 118, 119, 127, 129
Malaysian flight MH17, 344, 346
Malenkov, Georgii, 274, 278, 281
Manchukuo, 246
“Manifesto to the Ukrainian People with an Ultimatum to the Central Rada” (Lenin and Trotsky), 197
manifestos, 197, 249
of Alexander I, 76
for Catherine II “the Great,” 56, 57
of Nicholas II, 159, 176
of Nikolaevich, 177–178
rebels’ manifesto of intentions, 87–88
war of, 43
Marchenko, Mykhailo, 266
Maria Theresa (Habsburg Empress), 64
Markevych, Mykola, 110
Markizov, Ardan, 257
Markizova, Gelia, 246, 257
Marx, Karl, 249
Marxism, 193, 286
Marxism and the National Question (Stalin) (pamphlet), 193
Masheraŭ, Petr, 294–295
Maximilian I (Holy Roman emperor), 11
Maximilian II (Holy Roman emperor), 16
Mazepa, Ivan (Hetman of Ukraine), 42, 43, 172
Mazuraŭ, Kiryl, 288
Mdivani, Polikarp, 220
media
language and, 140–141, 163–164, 173, 233
Nicholas II and, 184, 185
subsidies for, 146–147
Ukrainization and, 266
Medvedev, Dmitrii, viii
Menshikov, Mikhail, 164
Mickiewicz, Adam, 130, 131
Middle East, 38
Mikhalkov, Sergei, 321
Miklosich, Franz von, 148
Miliukov, Pavel, 167–168, 173, 187
Minin, Kuzma, 253, 265
Minin and Pozharsky: Salvation from the Interventionists (Bulgakov) (opera), 253
Mohyla, Peter (Metropolitan of Kyiv) 31, 38
Molodaia gvardiia (The Young Guard) (journal), 291, 292
Molotov, Viacheslav
Khrushchev and, 281
role of, 245–246, 252, 260–263, 267, 327
Stalin and, 278
Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, 260, 263, 267, 274
Mongol Empire, ix, xii
influence of, 14–15, 17
Kyivan Rus’ and, 5–11
Mongolia. See Buriat-Mongolia
monks, with politics, 95
Monomakh, Volodymyr (Prince of Kyiv), 5, 14, 15
Monomakh’s Cap, 14, 15, 17, 27
Morachevsky, Pylyp, 140
Moscow
architecture, 4
princes of, 3–4, 7–14, 22
as Third Rome, 23–26, 34–35
Moskovskie vedomosti (Moscow News), 134
Moskvin, Fedor. See Arsenii
Moskvitianin (The Muscovite) (journal), 108, 116–117, 126
Müller, Gerhard Friedrich, 46–48
Muraviev, Mikhail, 197–198
Muscophile (Russophile) movement, 148, 150–151
Muslims, 34
Myloradovych-Skoropadsk, Yelysaveta, 150
Na vziatie Varshavy (On the Taking of Warsaw), 79
Nadezhdin, Nikolai, 125
Napoleon I (Emperor of France), 73–75, 268
Narochnitskaia, Natalia, 330
narodnost’ (national way of life), 83, 90
Narva, 17
Nasha dolia (Our Destiny) (newspaper), 163
Nasha niva (Our Field) (newspaper), 163
Nashi (Ours) (youth organization), 324
Natalka from Poltava (Kotliarevsky), 109
nationalism
communism and, 308–309
identity and, 263–268
literary history and, 280
in songs, 269, 271
nationality, 83–84, 134–135, 193, 196
Belarus, 234–235
language and, 126
“official,” 72, 81
Slavophiles and, 107–108, 111, 113–114, 116
nationhood
Belarus and, 202–205
in context, ix, xi
language and, 117–118, 142
tripartite model of, 124–127, 134
Ukraine and, 106–120, 127–128, 151–153, 194–199, 200–202, 207, 312
NATO. See North Atlantic Treaty Organization
natural gas, 323, 325, 335
Navalny, Aleksei, 334
navy, 121, 122
Nazarbayev (Nursultan of Kazakhstan), 310
Nazimov, Vladimir, 131–132
Nevsky, Aleksandr (Prince), 254, 265, 270–272
The New World. See Novyi mir
Nicholas I (Tsar), 78, 81, 92, 98, 100–101, 114
censorship and, 130–131
Organic Statute and, 85–86
with religious conversions, 96
Nicholas II (Tsar), 169, 175, 183
coronation of, 157–158
coup and, 187–190
manifesto of, 159, 176
media and, 184, 185
Nikitenko, Aleksandr, 115
Nikon (Patriarch), 30–31
Nikonov, Viacheslav, 327
“No Turning Back” (Hrushevsky), 194–195
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 323, 325–326, 336, 338
Notes on Russian History (Catherine II “the Great”), 64
November Uprising (1830), 79–80
Novgorod, 6, 7, 8–10
Novyi mir (The New World) (journal), 291–292
Obama, Barack, 326
Ober Ost (report), 202
obrusenie. See Russification
“official nationality,” 72, 81
Olelkovych, Mykhailo (Prince), 8, 12
oligarchs, 322–323, 335
Olympic Games, 333–335
“On the Question of Nationalities or ‘Autonomization’” (Lenin), 213, 223
On the Taking of Warsaw. See Na vziatie Varshavy
The Opinion of a Russian Citizen (Karamzin), 77
Orange Revolution, 324, 336
Ordzhonikidze, Sergo, 219, 221, 22
2
Organic Statute, 85–86
Orlov, Aleksei, 105, 111–113
Orthodox Church, 5, 23, 41, 56, 286
influence of, 19–20, 25, 28, 29–30, 161
politics and, 284–285
reform in, 30–32
religious conversion and, 66–69, 96, 97, 180
Roman Catholic Church and, 21–22, 29, 33–34, 151, 169
supporters of, 97, 271
Ukraine and, 330–331
Uniate Church and, 97, 98–100, 180
Osipov, Vladimir, 304
Osnova (Foundation) (journal), 129, 138–139
otechestvo. See fatherland
Otrepiev, Georgii, 27
Ottoman Empire, x
Ours (Nashi) (youth organization), 324
Paisios (Patriarch of Jerusalem), 32–33, 34
Palace of Facets, 4
Palaiologina, Sophia (Tsarina), 3, 8, 22–23
Palaiologos, Thomas, 3
Pan Tadeusz (Mickiewicz), 131
Pankratova, Anna, 274
Paskevich-Yerivansky, Ivan, 79, 85, 90
patriotism
anti-patriotism, 256–258
ethnicity and, 256
songs and, 321
See also “Great Patriotic War of the Soviet People”
peasants, 215, 216, 234, 248
with famine, 241–242, 269
land hunger and, 170–171
revolts, 158–159, 195
The Peasant Truth (journal), 132
perestroika, 301, 302
Pestel, Pavel, 87–90, 124, 135
Peter I “the Great” (Tsar)
legacy, 45, 46, 58
with reforms, 48–49
rise of, 42–45
Peter II (Tsar), 45
Peter III (Tsar), 55
Peter the First (film), 253
Petliura, Symon, 229
Petrov, Aleksei, 111–112
Petrov, Vasilii, 66–67, 76, 80
Philosophical Letters (Chaadaev), 107, 125
Picheta, Vladimir, 264
Piłsudski, Józef, 159–160, 234, 239, 242
Platonov, Sergei, 248
Pobedonostsev, Konstantin, 161
Pochaiv Monastery, 95, 169
Pogodin, Mikhail
in Moskvitianin, 116–117
with nationhood and language, 117–118
role of, 90, 94, 108, 111, 119, 126, 147
poisonings, politics and, 324
Poland
attitudes toward, 65–66
criticism of, 202
education, 92–95, 96, 159
elite in, 72, 86–87
integration of, 85–86
as kingdom, 76–78
language and, 159
Mongol Empire and, 6
Organic Statute and, 85–86
Orthodox Church and, 67
partitions of, 60–65
Polish campaigns and, 73–75
reforms, 62
uprising in, 63, 65, 68, 79–80, 95–101, 122–123
Poletyka, Hryhorii, 51
Polevoi, Nikolai, 90, 110
police. See Federal Security Service; GPU; KGB
Polish campaign (First, 1806–1807), 73
Polish campaign (Second, 1812), 73–75
Polish Educational Commission, 92
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