Paul
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8.Gal. 1:15; Jer. 1:5.
9.Gal. 1:16.
10.Gal. 1:24, echoing Isa. 49:3.
11.Gal. 2:2, echoing Isa. 49:4.
12.2 Cor. 11:30–33.
13.2 Cor. 12:1–10.
14.2 Cor. 1:20.
15.Ps. 2:7–9.
16.Ps. 47:8–9.
17.Ps. 72:8.
18.2 Cor. 10:5.
19.Phil. 4:8.
20.Rom. 9:1–5.
21.1 Cor. 7:7.
22.1 Cor. 7:8.
23.1 Cor. 9:6.
24.1 Cor. 7:15.
25.Gal. 3:28.
26.1 Cor. 9:26–27.
Chapter 4: Antioch
1.Rom. 9:2.
2.Acts 11:26.
3.Acts 26:28; 1 Pet. 4:16.
4.Gal. 2:10.
5.Gal. 2:2.
6.1 Thess. 2:1; 3:5; Phil. 2:16.
7.1 Cor. 9:26–27.
8.1 Cor. 9:20.
9.Rom. 1:16.
Chapter 5: Cyprus and Galatia
1.Phil. 1:23.
2.Luke 23:43.
3.Acts 26:16–18.
4.Acts 13:7.
5.Luke 13:12.
6.Acts 13:9.
7.Rom. 11:1–2, quoting 1 Sam. 12:22.
8.Acts 13:16–41.
9.Pss. 2; 16; Isa. 55.
10.Isa. 49:6, my translation.
11.Acts 13:51; see Luke 10:11.
12.Acts 13:52.
13.Gal. 3:5.
14.Acts 14:5.
15.Acts 14:19.
16.Gal. 4:13.
17.Gal. 4:15.
18.Gal. 4:14.
19.2 Cor. 4:7–12; 6:3–10; 11:21–12:10.
20.Ovid, Metamorphoses 8.618–724.
21.Acts 13:38–39.
22.2 Cor. 11:25.
23.Acts 14:22.
Chapter 6: Antioch and Jerusalem
1.Acts 10–11.
2.Acts 21:27–22:22.
3.Acts 13:38–39.
4.1 Macc. 2:46; Josephus, Antiquities 13.257–58, 318.
5.Acts 11:9.
6.Gal. 2:13.
7.Gal. 2:11, 14.
8.Gal. 2:15–16a.
9.Phil. 2:8.
10.Gal. 2:16b–c.
11.Gal. 2:17–18.
12.Gal. 2:19–20.
13.Gal. 2:21.
14.Acts 18:22.
15.Gal. 1:4–5.
16.Gal. 6:15.
17.Gen. 15:6 as quoted in Gal. 3:6.
18.1 Macc. 2:52, 54.
19.Gal. 4:8–11.
20.Gal. 3:28.
21.Gal. 4:6.
22.Gal. 4:26.
23.Gal. 6:15.
24.Gal. 4:25.
25.Acts 15:16–17, quoting Amos 9:11–12.
26.Gal. 2:19–20.
27.Gal. 1:15–16.
28.2 Pet. 3:16.
Chapter 7: Into Europe
1.Gal. 4:20.
2.Col. 4:10; Philem. 23; 2 Tim. 4:11.
3.1 Cor. 9:6.
4.Esther 6:1, my translation.
5.Acts 16:3.
6.Gal. 2:3–5.
7.1 Cor. 9:20.
8.Acts 16:10.
9.Acts 16:14.
10.Acts 16:17.
11.Acts 16:20–21.
12.Acts 16:28.
13.Acts 16:30.
14.Acts 16:31.
15.Acts 16:37.
16.1 Thess. 1:9.
17.Acts 17:6–7.
18.1 Thess. 2:7–8.
19.1 Thess. 2:17.
20.1 Thess. 3:6.
21.1 Thess. 2:1; 3:5.
22.1 Cor. 1:26.
23.1 Thess. 2:8.
Chapter 8: Athens
1.1 Thess. 3:2.
2.Acts 17:21.
3.Aeschylus, Eumenides 647–48.
4.Acts 17:19–20.
5.2 Cor. 10:5.
6.John 19:11.
7.Col. 2:15.
8.Ps. 50:12.
9.Acts 17:27–28.
10.Acts 17:31.
11.1 Cor. 4:3–4; see Rom. 2:14–16.
12.Ps. 2:10.
13.Acts 17:33.
Chapter 9: Corinth I
1.1 Cor. 2:3.
2.1 Cor. 15:3–5.
3.1 Cor. 2:1–2.
4.1 Cor. 1:22–25.
5.1 Thess. 1:9.
6.Rom. 2:8–9.
7.1 Thess. 2:10–12.
8.1 Thess. 2:19–20.
9.1 Thess. 1:5; 2:13.
10.1 Thess. 4:1–8.
11.Gal. 6:10.
12.1 Thess. 4:12.
13.1 Thess. 4:13–14.
14.Eph. 1:10.
15.1 Thess. 4:16.
16.1 Thess. 5:2–3.
17.Jer. 6:14.
18.1 Thess. 5:4–10.
19.Isa. 13:10.
20.Jer. 4:23–28.
21.2 Thess. 2:6–7.
22.2 Thess. 2:13–14.
23.2 Thess. 3:10.
24.2 Thess. 3:7–9, 12.
25.Acts 18:9–10.
26.Acts 18:13.
27.1 Cor. 8:6.
28.Acts 18:15.
29.Acts 18:17.
30.1 Thess. 5:17.
31.1 Cor. 8:6.
32.Acts 18:22.
Chapter 10: Ephesus I
1.2 Cor. 1:8.
2.Pausanias 4.31.8; 7.5.4.
3.2 Cor. 1:8–9.
4.2 Cor. 1:9.
5.2 Cor. 4:8–9.
6.2 Cor. 4:10.
7.2 Cor. 1:3–7.
8.2 Cor. 1:13–14.
9.2 Cor. 2:16–17, literally translated.
10.1 Cor. 15:32.
11.1 Cor. 16:8–9.
12.Acts 23–26.
13.Acts 20:25, 38; Rom. 15:24, 28.
14.Acts 20:16.
15.Acts 19:19.
16.1 Cor. 5:9–10.
17.Acts 19:1–7.
18.2 Cor. 2:1.
19.2 Cor. 11:24.
20.1 Cor. 15:32.
21.Col. 1:8.
22.Col. 1:6.
23.Acts 19:12.
24.Acts 19:15.
25.Acts 19:18–20.
26.Acts 20:21.
27.Acts 19:22.
28.Acts 20:1.
29.1 Cor. 3:10–17.
30.1 Cor. 3:21–23.
31.1 Cor. 4:18–21.
32.1 Cor. 1:18, 25; 2:5; 4:20.
33.1 Cor. 5:7–8.
34.1 Cor. 15:23–28.
35.1 Cor. 8:6.
36.1 Cor. 10:26.
37.1 Cor. 9:19–22.
38.Gal. 2:19–21.
39.1 Cor. 10:27.
40.1 Cor. 13:9–13.
41.1 Cor. 15:17.
42.1 Cor. 15:17, 2, 58.
43.1 Cor. 15:25, quoting Ps. 110:1.
44.1 Cor. 15:23.
45.2 Cor. 1:15–16.
46.2 Cor. 1:15–17.
47.Acts 19:26.
48.Acts 19:28.
49.Rom. 16:4.
50.Matt. 10:28; Luke 12:4–5.
51.2 Cor. 1:9.
52.1 Cor. 8:6.
53.2 Cor. 4:7.
Chapter 11: Ephesus II
1.Phil. 1:20.
2.Phil. 1:15–18, 21–26, 23.
3.Phil. 2:25–30.
4.Phil. 2:1–4; Phil. 2:12–18.
5.Phil. 2:6–11.
6.Phil. 2:15.
7.Phil. 2:16.
8.Phil. 3:21.
9.Isa. 45:23.
10.Phil. 3:2–3.
11.Phil. 3:7–11.
12.Phil. 3:10.
13.2 Cor. 1:9.
14.Phil. 3:13.
15.Phil. 3:17.
16.Phil. 3:19.
17.Phil. 4:11–13.
18.2 Cor. 4:7.
19.Rom. 8:21.
20.Pliny, Letters 9.21.
21.Gal. 3:28; 1 Cor. 12:12.
22.Eph. 4:15.
23.2 Cor. 5:19.
24.Col. 1:9–11.
25.Col. 2:2.
26.Col. 2:3.
27.Sir. 28.
28.1 Kings 8.
29.Col. 1:15–20.
30.John 1:14.
31.Col. 1:27.
32.Col. 2:9–10.
33.Col. 2:11–12.
34.Col. 2:13–15.
35.Col. 2:9–19.
36.Col. 2:8.
37.Col. 3:1–4.
38.Col. 3:17.
39.Eph. 1:22, echoing Ps. 8.
40.Eph. 1:21.
41.Eph. 3:18–19.
42.Eph. 1:10; 2:11–22.
43.Eph. 4:1–16; 5:21–33.
44.Col. 2:9.
45.Eph. 3:10.
46.Eph. 6:10–20.
Chapter 12: Corinth II
1.2 Cor. 2:12.
2.Phil. 4:6.
3.2 Cor. 7:5.
4.2 Cor. 7:6–7.
5.2 Cor. 7:7–9, 13–16.
6.2 Cor. 5:21–6:2, with Isa. 49:8.
7.2 Cor. 3:3.
8.2 Cor. 4:4–6.
9.2 Cor. 4:7–10.
10.1 Cor. 15:51–52; also 1 Thess. 4:17.
11.Phil. 1:21–23.
12.2 Cor. 1:12.
13.2 Cor. 5:11–15.
14.2 Cor. 5:17–18.
15.2 Cor. 6:4–10.
16.2 Cor. 11:7–11.
17.1 Cor. 9:18.
18.2 Cor. 11:11.
19.2 Cor. 11:23–33.
20.2 Cor. 12:2–4.
21.2 Cor. 12:8.
22.2 Cor. 12:9–10.
23.2 Cor. 13:10.
24.Rom. 1:16.
25.2 Cor. 5:14.
26.John 19:11; Rom. 13:1–7; Col. 1:15–20; 1 Pet. 2:13–17.
27.Rom. 1:1–5, 16–17.
28.Rom. 15:8–12.
29.Rom. 15:7.
30.Rom. 8:3.
31.Exod. 40.
32.Rom. 8:17–30.
33.Rom. 8:26.
34.Rom. 8:37.
35.Rom. 8:39.
36.Rom. 10:4.
37.Rom. 9:2.
38.John 1:11.
39.Rom. 10:1.
40.Rom. 10:9.
41.Rom. 10:14–15.
42.Rom. 11:23.
43.Rom. 10:1–3.
44.Rom, 11:18.
45.Rom. 11:11–15.
46.Rom. 11:14; note the similarity with “some” in 1 Cor. 9:22.
47.Rom. 11:32.
48.Rom. 12:2.
49.Rom. 13:8–10, 11–14.
50.Rom. 13:1–7.
51.Rom. 10:2.
52.Rom. 15:4–6.
53.Rom. 15:19.
54.Acts 20:2.
55.Rom. 15:31.
56.Rom. 16:22.
57.Rom. 16:25–27.
Chapter 13: Jerusalem Again
1.Gal. 2:10; 3:28.
2.2 Cor. 8:9.
3.Rom. 15:27.
4.Rom. 11:15.
5.See Josephus, Antiquities 14.190–216; 17.313.
6.1 Cor. 16:3–4.
7.2 Cor. 8:19–20.
8.2 Cor. 1:16; Acts 20:3.
9.Col. 4:10; Philem. 24.
10.Acts 20:4.
11.Acts 20:7–12.
12.Plato, Symposium 223D.
13.Acts 20:28.
14.Acts 20:32.
15.Acts 20:35.
16.Rom. 14:14, 20.
17.Mark 7:19.
18.Rom. 9:1–5.
19.Rom. 10:1.
20.Rom. 11:23.
21.Acts 22:22.
22.Acts 22:25.
23.Acts 22:28.
24.John 18:22.
25.Acts 23:3.
26.Acts 23:5.
27.In this case Exod. 22:7.
28.Acts 24:5–6.
29.Acts 24:19.
30.Acts 25:10–11.
31.Acts 25:19.
32.Acts 26:23.
33.Acts 26:14.
34.Acts 5:39.
35.Rom. 10:2–4.
36.Acts 26:18.
37.Acts 26:23.
38.Acts 26:23.
39.Luke 2:32; see also 1:78–79.
40.Isa. 49:6.
41.Isa. 49:7.
42.Isa. 52:15, quoted in Rom. 15:21.
43.Acts 26:24.
44.Acts 26:27.
45.Acts 26:28.
46.Acts 26:29.
Chapter 14: From Caesarea to Rome—and Beyond?
1.Dan. 7:3.
2.1 Cor. 16:5–8; see also 2 Tim. 4:21.
3.Luke 22:53.
4.Acts 27:20, 31, 34, 43, 44; 28:1, 4.
5.Acts 27:20.
6.Acts 27:21–26.
7.Amos 5:19.
8.Rom. 15:6–7.
9.Josephus, Antiquities 17.219–49; Jewish War 2.80–100.
10.Luke 19:11–27.
11.Tacitus, Annals 15.44.
12.Pliny, Letters 10.97.
13.Acts 28:27.
14.Rom. 10:1; 11:23, 25–26.
15.Acts 28:31.
16.Acts 1:8.
17. 1 Clement 5:6–7.
18.2 Tim. 1:16–18.
19.2 Tim. 4:13.
20.2 Tim. 4:6–8.
21.2 Tim. 4:10.
22.1 Tim. 1:3.
23.1 Tim. 1:20.
24.1 Cor. 5:5.
25.Acts 20:16.
Chapter 15: The Challenge of Paul
1.Rom. 4:25.
2.2 Cor. 1:20; Rom. 10:4; Gal. 3:16; Rom. 15:12.
3.Isa. 65:17; 66:22.
4.Eph. 2:8–10.
5.Eph. 1:10.
6.Eph. 2:10.
7.Gal. 2:19.
8.Phil. 2:5.
9.2 Cor. 10:5.
10.Phil. 3:10.
11.Gal. 2:19–20.
12.Rom. 6:11.
13.2 Kings 19:35; Herodotus, Histories 2.141.
14.1 Cor. 15:10; Col. 1:29.
15.2 Cor. 6:12.
16.Bernard Levin, Enthusiasms (New York: Crown, 1983), 195.
17.Rom. 8:39.
18.Gal. 4:4.
19.Tacitus, Agricola 30.6.
20.Galen, Summary of Plato’s Republic, in Mary Beard, John North, and Simon Price, Religions of Rome (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1998), 2.338.
21.Gal. 2:10; 1 Thess. 4:9–10; Gal. 6:10; Rom. 12:15: Phil. 2:15; Titus 2:14; Eph. 2:10.
22.Babylonian Talmud Berakoth 61b; Jerusalem Talmud Berakoth 9:14b.
Scripture Index
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Scripture references are in bold.
OLD TESTAMENT
Genesis, 16, 18, 71, 75, 78, 160n17, 244
1, 289
1–3, 19
3, 159
15, 329
15:6, 31n4, 328
15:7–21, 49n9
17, 139
28:10–22, 49n10
34, 139
40–42, 49n11
Exodus, 28, 71
22:7, 358n27
40, 21n11, 330n31
40:34–38, 48n7
Leviticus, 25, 20n10
Numbers
22–24, 30n1
25:6, 31n2
Deuteronomy, 16, 19, 20, 244, 333
6:4, 12n6
25:3, 245
27–32, 19, 127
30, 19n8
Ruth, 173–74
1 Samuel, 12:22, 116n7
1 Kings, 18, 32
8, 21n11, 248n28
18–19, 32n6
19:1–9, 63n3
19:10–15, 63n4
19:15, 64n5
19:18, 64n6
2 Kings, 18, 32, 414, 415
1 Chronicles, 18
2 Chronicles, 18
Ezra, 19
9:9, 17n9
Nehemiah, 19
9:36, 17n9
Esther, 174
6:1, 174n4
1 Maccabees, 32–33
2, 32
2:46, 139n4
2:49–68, 33n7
2:51–60, 32n5
2:52, 160n18
2:54, 160n18
2 Maccabees, 33
7, 34n8
Psalms, 9, 16, 71, 75, 112, 189, 200, 203, 244, 333
2, 72–73, 118n9, 119, 205,
330
2:7–9, 72–73n15
2:10, 203n8
8, 254n39, 275, 330
16, 118n9
24:1, 254
47:8–9, 73n16
50:12, 205n12
72, 73
72:8, 73n17
106:30–31, 31n3
Proverbs, 199
8, 289
15:1, 357
Wisdom of Solomon, 16, 199, 203
Sirach
24, 21
28, 248n27
50, 21
Isaiah, 16, 18, 71, 75, 200, 203, 244, 333
13:10, 224n19
40:1, 47n4
40:4–5, 48n5
40–55, 19
45:23, 238n9
49, 369
49:6, 120n10, 369n40
49:7, 369–70n41
49:8, 308n6
52:7–12, 21n11
52:8, 48n6
52:15, 370, 370n42
55, 118n9
65:17, 403n3
66:22, 403n3
Jeremiah, 18, 244
4:23–28, 224n20
6:14, 222n17
31, 19
Ezekiel, 18, 50–51, 244
1:26, 51n13
36–37, 19
43:1–5, 48n7
Daniel, 35
2:17–49, 49n12
7, 221
7:1–28, 49n12
7:3, 375–76n1
9, 19–20
Amos, 9:11–12, 166n25
Jonah, 379
Malachi, 3:1, 48n8
NEW TESTAMENT
Matthew, 10:28, 267n50
Mark, 352
7:19, 349n17
Luke
1:78–79, 369n39
2:32, 369n39
10:11, 121n11
12:4–5, 267n50
13:12, 115n5
19:11–27, 388n10
22:53, 376n3
23:43, 105n2
John, 428
1:11, 332n38
1:14, 291n30
18:22, 357n24
19:11, 325n26
Acts, 35, 41, 51, 64, 107, 112, 171, 183, 353, 365, 386, 391
1:8, 391n16
5:34–39, 36n9
5:39, 367n34
7:56, 38n10
9:20–28, 64
10–11, 138n1, 144
11:9, 144n5
11:26, 93n2
12:17, 144
13, 113, 126
13:7, 114n4
13:9, 115n6
13:16–41, 118n8
13:38–39, 127n21, 139n3
13:51, 121n11
13:52, 121n12
13–14, 113
14:5, 123n14
14:19, 123n15
14:22, 128n23
15, 251
15:16–17, 166n25
16:3, 175n5
16:10, 177n8
16:14, 179n9
16:17, 179n10
16:20–21, 180n11
16:28, 182n12
16:30, 183n13
16:31, 183n14
16:37, 184n15
17, 194, 199
17:6–7, 186n17
17:19–20, 199n4
17:21, 196n2
17:22–31, 194
17:27–28, 204n9
17:31, 205n10
17:33, 206n13
18:9–10, 227n25
18:13, 227n26
18:15, 229n28
18:17, 229n29
18:22, 152n14, 233n32
18:23, 257
19:1–7, 243n17
19:12, 246n23
19:15, 247n24
19:18–20, 247n25
19:19, 241n15
19:22, 248n27, 395
19:23–41, 248
19:26, 261n47
19:28, 261n48
20:1, 248n28
20:2, 337n54
20:3, 342n8
20:4, 342n10