CHAPTER I
1 United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization Report, November 2006.
2 US Emissions Inventory, 2008.
3 US Emissions Inventory, 2008.
CHAPTER II
4 Epidemiology May 2007;18:373-382.
5 United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, 2008.
6 Blue Planet Biomes. Amazon Rainforest. 2003.
7 Margulis, Sergio (2004) (PDF). Causes of Deforestation of the Brazilian Amazon. Washington D.C.: The World Bank.
8 Turner, K., Georgiou, S., Clark, R., Brouwer, R. & Burke, J. 2004. Economic Valuation of water resources in agriculture, From the sectoral to a functional perspective of natural resource management. FAO paper reports No. 27, Rome, FAO.
9 Chrispeels, M.J.; Sadava, D.E. 1994. “Farming Systems: Development, Productivity, and Sustainability”. pp. 25-57in Plants, Genes, and Agriculture. Jones and Bartlett, Boston, MA.
10 Pimentel, D., Pimentel, M. “Sustainability of meat-based and plant-based diets and the environment.” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 78, 660S-663S, September 2003.
11 Pimentel, D., Pimentel, M. “Sustainability of meat-based and plant-based diets and the environment.” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 78, 660S-663S, September 2003.
12 WorldWatch Institute, “Fire Up the Grill for a Mouthwatering Red, White, and Green July 4th,”, 2 Jul. 2003. World Health Organization, 2008.
13 “Soy Benefits”, National Soybean Research Laboratory.
14 Steinfeld, H.; Gerber, P.; Wassenaar, T.; Castel, V.; Rosales, M.; de Haan, C. 2006. U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization. Rome. “Livestock’s Long Shadow -Environmental issues and options.”
15 Steinfeld, H.; Gerber, P.; Wassenaar, T.; Castel, V.; Rosales, M.; de Haan, C. 2006. U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization. Rome. “Livestock’s Long Shadow -Environmental issues and options.”
16 World Health Organization, 2008.
17 World Health Organization, 2008.
CHAPTER III
18 Siegenthaler, et al., 2005.
19 WorldWatch Institute, “Fire Up the Grill for a Mouthwatering Red, White, and Green July 4th,” 2 Jul. 2003. World Health Organization, 2008.
20 UN Food and Agriculture Organization, 2006.
21 United Nations Report, November 29, 2006.
22 United Nations Report, November 29, 2006.
23 United Nations Report, November 29, 2006.
24 United Nations Report, November 29, 2006.
25 United Nations Report, November 29, 2006.
CHAPTER IV
26 Rainforests, National Academy of Science.
27 Moran, E.F., “Deforestation and Land Use in the Brazilian Amazon,” Human Ecology, Vol 21, No. 1, 1993.
28 United Nations Environment Program, 2009.
29 Greenpeace, “KFC Exposed for Trashing the Amazon Rainforest for Buckets of Chicken,” 17 May 2006.
30 Greenpeace, “Eating up the Amazon.” April 2006.
31 Raintree Nutrition, Inc. 1996.
32 Roberts, R. “Amazon Rainforest.” Tropical-Rainforest Animals.com.
33 U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization: Amazonian and Caribbean Culture, “Crops of the Amazon and Orinoco Regions: Their Origin, Decline, and Future.”
34 U.N. F.A.O: Amazonian and Caribbean Culture, “Crops of the Amazon and Orinoco Regions: Their Origin, Decline, and Future.”
35 Taylor, L. “The Healing Power of Rainforest Herbs.” Square One Publishers, Inc. 2004.
36 Taylor, L. “The Healing Power of Rainforest Herbs.” Square One Publishers, Inc. 2004.
CHAPTER V
37 Steinfeld, H.; Gerber, P.; Wassenaar, T.; Castel, V.; Rosales, M.; de Haan, C. 2006. U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization. Rome. “Livestock’s Long Shadow -Environmental issues and options.”
38 Motavalli, J. “So You’ re an Environmentalist … Why Are You Still Eating Meat?” E- The Environmental Magazine. January/February 2002.
39 Steinfeld, H.; Gerber, P.; Wassenaar, T.; Castel, V.; Rosales, M.; de Haan, C. 2006. U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization. Rome. “Livestock’s Long Shadow -Environmental issues and options.”
40 Food Revolution, John Robbins, 2001.
41 Fleischner, T. “Ecological Costs of Livestock Grazing in Western North America.” Prescott College Environmental Program.” 1994.
42 Fleischner, T. “Ecological Costs of Livestock Grazing in Western North America.” Prescott College Environmental Program.” 1994.
43 United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), 2004.
44 Millenium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA), 2005a.
45 Wassenaar et al., 2006.
46 Eswaran, Lal and Reich, 2001.
47 Reich, et al 1999.
48 Global Footprint Network, Data and Results, 2008.
49 Kelly, S. “Cattle and Sheep Grazing.” Land Use History of North America/Colorado Plateau.
50 World Conservation Union (IUCN), Red List of Threatened Species 2008.
51 Chrispeels, M.J.; Sadava, D.E. 1994. “Farming Systems: Development, Productivity, and Sustainability”. pp. 25-57 in Plants, Genes, and Agriculture. Jones and Bartlett, Boston, MA Rifkin, J. The Guardian, May 17, 2002.
52 Rifkin, J. The Guardian, May 17, 2002.
53 Rifkin, J. “The World’s Problems on a Plate: Meat Production is Making the Rich Ill and the Poor Hungry.” Guardian of London. May 17 2002.
54 Rifkin, J. “The World’s Problems on a Plate: Meat Production is Making the Rich Ill and the Poor Hungry.” Guardian of London. May 17 2002.
55 Rifkin, J. “The World’s Problems on a Plate: Meat Production is Making the Rich Ill and the Poor Hungry.” Guardian of London. May 17 2002.
56 Rifkin, J. “The World’s Problems on a Plate: Meat Production is Making the Rich Ill and the Poor Hungry.” Guardian of London. May 17 2002.
CHAPTER VI
57 Haliweil, B. “Grain Harvest Sets Record, but Supplies Still Tight.” Worldwatch Institute, December 12, 2007.
58 North Carolina State University Swine Extension 2003, National Research Council.
59 Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, American Dietetic Association.
60 Opie J, Ogallala (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2000) 158.
61 Wikipedia.org.
62 Steinfeld, H.; Gerber, P.; Wassenaar, T.; Castel, V.; Rosales, M.; de Haan, C. 2006. U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization. Rome. “Livestock’s Long Shadow -Environmental issues and options.”
63 Compka, Krchnak and Thorne, 2002; UNESCO, 2005.
64 Turner et al. 2004.
65 Southern Nevada Water Authority, 2008.
66 David A. “Geology of the Salton Trough,” Western Washington University, May 28, 2005.
67 Brown, L “Emerging Water Shortages,” (New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2006).
68 Langellier, B “Accidental Oasis,” Tucson Citizen, Special Report 6-20-06.
69 Carrier, J “The Colorado: A river run dry.” National Geographic.
70 USDA, 2008.
71 Fradkin, P. “A river no more: The Colorado River and the west” (Berkley: University of California Press, 1994).
72 Opie, J. Ogallala 41.
73 LEAD, 2006.
74 Erlich “The Population Explosion” (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1990) 29.
75 Opie, J. Ogallala 152.
76 Opie, J. Ogallala 152.
77 Opie, J. Ogallala 3
78 National Study of Chemical Residues in Lake Fish Tissue, study ongoing 2004.
79 Neilemann C., Hain S.jk, Adler J. “In Dead Water: Merging of Climate Change with Pollution” United Nations Environment Programme 2008.
80 Roberts and Hirschfield, UNEP 2006.
81 Cheung, W. et al. Intrinsic vulnerability in the global fish catch, Marine Ecology-Progress Series (2007) 333:1-12.
82 Morato, T. Vulnerability of seamount fish to fishing. Journal of Fish Biology 2006 b, 68:209-221.
83 Johnston and Santillo, 2
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84 “A Run on the Banks: How ‘Factory Farming’ Decimated Newfoundland Cod.” E/The Environmental Magazine..
85 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) 2008.
86 Broadway, M., Stull, D. “Meat Processing and Garden City, KS: Boom and Bust.” Journal of Rural Studies, Volume 22, Issue 1, January 2006, Pages 55-66, Michael J. Broadway and Donald D. Stull.
87 FAO.
88 United Nations, 2004.
89 Safina, C. “The World’s Imperiled Fish,” Scientific American, Nov 1995.
90 Report of the Secretary-General, United Nations General Assembly, Oceans and the Law of the Sea, 14 July 2006, item 150.
91 Hance, J. “One-third of Global Marine Catch used as Livestock Feed.” mongabay.com October 30, 2008.
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92 Livestock’s Long Shadow, 2006. Henning Steinfield, Pierre Gerber, Tom Wassenaar, Vincent Castel, Mauricio Rosales, Cees de Haan.
93 Livestock’s Long Shadow, 2006. Henning Steinfield, Pierre Gerber, Tom Wassenaar, Vincent Castel, Mauricio Rosales, Cees de Haan.
94 Congressional Legislative Information (OCIR). “Legislative Hearings and Testimony: Statement of Michael Cook before the subcommittee on livestock, dairy, and poultry and the subcommittee on forestry, resource conservation, and research of the committee on agriculture U.S. House of Representatives.” May 13, 1998.
95 “Rearing Cattle Produces More Greenhouse Gases Than Driving Cars, UN Report Warns,” UN News Centre, 29 Nov. 2006.
96 Surf or Turf: A shift from feed to food cultivation could reduce nutrient flux to the Gulf of Mexico. Simon D. Donner, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, 410a Robertson Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. Received 26 May 2005; received in revised form 10 February 2006; accepted 26 April 2006. Worldwatch Institute, December 2008.
97 Sherman, K., Aquarone, M.C. and Adams, S. (Editors) 2009. Sustaining the World’s Large Marine Ecosystems. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN. viii+142p.
98 Worldwatch Institute, December 2008.
99 Weiss, K Salmon Farms are Factory Farms: Dioxins, Pollution and Environmenal Carelessness L.A. Times, December 9, 2002.
100 Weiss.
101 EVS Environmental Consultants. “Impacts of Freshwater and Marine Aquaculture on the Environment: Knowledge and Gaps”. June 2000, p 7.
102 Costanzo et.al., Marine Pollution Bulletin, Vol 42 (2) (2001), pp 149-156.
103 Weiss.
104 Worldwatch Institute, December 17, 2008.
CHAPTER VIII
105 CDC/National Center for Health Statistics.
106 The British Medical Journal, 295 (1987): 351-3°.
107 The American Diabetic Association, “Position of the American Diabetic Association and Dieticians of Canada: Vegetarian Diets, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 103 (2003) 748-65.
108 Ornish D. “Can Lifestyle changes reverse coronary heart disease?” The Lancet 336 (1990): 624-6.
109 American Cancer Society Guidelines on Nutrition and Physical Activity for Cancer Prevention.
110 Yale University, “Animal-Based Nutrients Linked With Higher Risk of Stomach and Esophageal Cancers,” news release, 15 Oct. 2001.
111 “Processed Meat May Cause Pancreatic Cancer,” Xinhua News 22 Apr. 2005.
112 World Cancer Research Fund / American Institute for Cancer Research. Food, Nutrition and the Prevention of Cancer: a global perspective. 1997 1759 R St. NW Washington, DC 20009. 178-FNS/F27 p 12.a.
113 Arnold, Wilfred Niels (October 2005). “The China Study”. Leonardo (MIT Press) 38 (5): 436.
114 PCRM. Vegetarian Foods: Powerful for Health Fact Sheet. 2005.
115 House, L. “7 Foods So Unsafe Even Farmers Won’t Eat Them.” Planet Green. January 25, 2010.
116 PCRM. Health Concerns About Dairy Products Fact Sheet. 2007.
117 Sampson HA. Food Allergy. Immunopathogenesis and clinical disorders. JAllergy Clin Immunol. 2004; 113:805-819.
118 Host A. Frequency of cow’s milk allergy in childhood. Ann Allery Asthma Immunol. 2002;89 (6 Suppl 1):33-7.
119 Gartner LM, Morton J, Lawrence RA, et al; American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Breastfeeding. Pediatrics. 2005; 115 (2):496-506.
120 Journal of American Dietetic Association. May 2000.
121 Preventing Cancer, PCRM (numerous references).
122 National Cancer Institute Fact Sheet, 2010.
123 CDC Report on Obesity, 2009.
124 Olshansky, et al. 2005.
125 Olshansky, et al. 2005.
126 Preventive Medicine, Nov. 1996.
127 CDC Data and Statistics.
128 Olashansky, et al. 2005.
129 Drug resistant bacteria on poultry products differ by brand, John Hopkins Public Health News Center, 16 Mar. 2005.
130 Drug Resistant Bacteria found in U.S. Meat, Reuters Medical News, 24, May 2001.
131 Silbergeld, E.K. Arsenic in food. Environmental Health Perspectives 112:A338-9.
132 U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services and U.S. EPA, “What you need to know about mercury in fish and shellfish”, Brochure Mar 2004.
133 USDA, Food Safety and Inspection Service, “Foodborne Illness and Disease,” 27 Sep 2006.
134 USDA 2006.
135 CDC U.S. Obesity Trends 1985-2009.
136 USDA 2006.
137 Wuetrich B., “Chasing the fickle swine flu,” Science (2003) 299:1502-1505
138 CDC. Key Facts About Swine Influenza. June 2006.
139 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service.
140 Tuckman, J. “Four-year-old could hold key in search for source of swine flu outbreak”. The Guardian ADA Position Statement, 749. (2009-04-27).
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141 Plainview peanut plant raises questions, Connect Amarillo, February 3, 2009.
142 McCormick, L.W. “Source of Salmonella Contamination in Peanut Butter May Be Found.” ConsumerAffairs.com. February 26, 2009.
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143 ADA Position Statement, Journal of the American Dietetic Association. July 2009.
144 ADA Position Statement, 749.
145 World Cancer Research Fund? AICR. Food, Nutrition, and the Preventionn of Cancer. A Global Perspective. Washington, DC:AICR;1997.
146 Deckelbaum RJ, Fisher EA, Winston M, et al. Summary of a Scientific Conference on Prventive Nutrition: Pediatrics to Geriatrics. Circutlation. 1999;100:450-456.
147 SaukkonenT, Virtanen SM, Karppinen M, et al. Significance of cow’s milk protein antibodies as risk factor for childhood IDDM: Dibetologia. 1998;72-8.
148 WCRF. “Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective.” November 2007.
149 WCRF. “Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective.” November 2007.
150 PCRM. A New Direction: Food Pyramid Yields to PCRM’s Power Plate. Spring 2010, Vol. XVX, Number 2.
151 Kradjian, R.M. MD. “Milk: The Deadly Poison.” Encognitive.com 2003
152 USDA Economic Research Service.
153 USDA Agriculture Fact Book 1998.
154 USDA Agriculture Fact Book 1998.
155 Gaul, G., Morgan, D., Cohen, S. “No Drought Required for Federal Drought Aid.” Washington Post. July 18, 2006, A01.
156 Singer, R. “Want Fries With that Budget Crisis?” opednews.com. September 18, 2008.
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158 The Best Energy Bill Corporations Could Buy: Summary of Industry Giveaways in the 2005 Energy Bill. Public Citizen Inc.
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161 WWF Global Marine Programme. Managing Fishing Fleets.
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171 USDA Economic Research Service.
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173 USDA/NASS “Livestock Slaughter,” Monthly Reports, July 2001.
174 USDA Economic Research Service Data Sets.
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CHAPTER XI
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