Lawrence
Page 51
Storr, Anthony, Sexual Deviations, London, 1973.
Storrs, Ronald, Orientations, London, 1944.
Sugarman, Sidney, A Garland of Legends: Lawrence of Arabia and the Arab Revolt, Worcester, 1992.
Sweet, Louise E., ‘Camel Raiding of the North Arabian Bedouin: a Mechanism of Ecological Adaptation’, American Anthropologist, 67 (1965).
Sydney Smith, Clare, The Golden Reign – The Story of My Friendship with Lawrence of Arabia, London, 1940.
Tabachnick, S. E., and Matheson, R., Images of Lawrence, 1988.
Thesiger, Wilfred, Arabian Sands, London, 1959.
Thomas, Edward, Oxford, 1903.
Thomas, Lowell, With Lawrence in Arabia, London, 1924.
Turner, Adam, The Making of David Lean’s Lawrence of Arabia, London, 1994.
Weintraub, Stanley, Private Shaw and Public Shaw – A Dual Portrait of Lawrence of Arabia and GBS, London, 1963.
Weintraub, Stanley and Rodelle (eds.), Evolution of a Revolt: Early Postwar Writings of T. E. Lawrence, Pennsylvania, 1968.
Williamson, Henry, Genius of Friendship ‘T. E. Lawrence’, London, 1936.
Wilson, Colin, The Outsider, London, 1956.
Wilson, Jeremy, T. E. Lawrence – Lawrence of Arabia. National Portrait Gallery Catalogue of the T. E. Lawrence Exhibition, 1988.
Wilson, Jeremy, Lawrence of Arabia. The Authorised Biography of T. E. Lawrence, London, 1989.
Winstone, H. R. V., The Illicit Adventure, 1987.
Winterton, Lord, Fifty Tumultuous Years, London, 1955.
Winterton, Lord, ‘Arabian Nights and Days’, Blackwood’s Magazine, 207 (May 1920).
Woolley, C. Leonard, Dead Towns and Living Men, being Pages from an Antiquary’s Notebook, London, 1932.
Yardley, Michael, Backing into the Limelight, London, 1985.
Young, Hubert, The Independent Arabs, London, 1933.
INDEX
Proper names are indexed alphabetically according to the commonly used element in the names, and where they are prefixed with ad, adh, al, an, ar, as, ash, bin, or ibn these words remain as prefixes but are ignored for purposes of alphabetization. Thus ibn Hamza is indexed under H.
Names beginning with Abu and Umm are indexed under A and U respectively.
Sub-entries are arranged in page order so that they reflect, on the whole, the historical sequence of events.
Aba an-Na’am, 204–6
bridge blown at, 218
Aba l-Lissan, 318
battle of, 252
Abbasids, 53
‘Abdallah, Sharif, 123, 344
and Hejaz railway, 125–6
offer of armed revolt, 127
at Ta’if, 161
at jeddah, 168–70
support withdrawn from, 169
and march on Wejh, 198
absence at Wejh, 202–3
at Medina, 217
Abu Bakr, 53
Abu Dumayk, Sheikh Gasim, 249, 250, 265, 276
Abu Fitna, ‘Ali, 240
Abu Markha, 225
Abu Sawana, water-pool at, 279
Abu Tayyi, Auda, 226–8, 299–300, 338
and attack on Aqaba, 229
and attack on ad-Dizad, 234–5
and search for Gasim, 237
defection to Turks, 262
Abu Tayyi, Za’al, 239, 248–9, 266
Abu Zeraybat, water-pool at, 211
‘Agayl, 155
and march on Wejh, 198
and attack on Aqaba, 230
Agha, Busrawi, 105, 121
Agha, Hassan, 94, 99, 100
al-‘Ahd, 137, 141
Ahmad, Bey, 161
‘Ain al-Assad, 321
al-Akle, Miss Fareedah, 66–7, 68, 83, 106, 114
Aldington, Richard, 304, 353
Aleppo, 69, 92
Alexandretta scheme, 134
‘Ali Pasha, Sayyid, 159, 168
‘Ali (‘Da’ud’ in Seven Pillars)
meets Lawrence, 232–4
death of, 308
All Souls College, Oxford, 347
Allenby, General Sir Edmund, 260–61, 293, 307–8, 314, 316
at Ismaeliyya, 276
at Ramtha, 330
enters Damascus, 340
Altounyan, Ernest, 18, 84
al-Amari, Subhi, 304
Anglesey, Lord, 131
Anglo-Indian generals, 146–7
Antonius, George, 142, 349, 357
Aqaba, 118
idea of capturing, 228
plans for assault on, 248
found deserted, 253
personal bodyguard and, 295–7
Aqaba, Gulf of, 116
Arab Bulletin, 149
Arab Nationalists, hanging of, 187
Arab Revolt
horror at thought of, 146–7
outbreak of, 153–66
Arabia Deserta (Doughty), 57
Arabian Peninsula, as unknown, 156
Arabic, as spoken by Lawrence, 106
Arabs
dreams of freeing, 22–3
relationship with, 85
and homosexuality, see homosexuality
lying and truth and, 320
Ard as-Suwwan, 248
Arfaja, well of, 239
army, Lawrence joins, 367
artillery, at Nakhl Mubarak, 194–5
Asghar, ‘Ali (Messenger X), 126
Ashmolean Museum, 39
Ashraf Bey, 202
Assir, 135
Astor, Nancy, 376
al-‘Atrash, Sultan Hussain, 245, 338
Atwi, 248–9
‘Awazim, 154
al-Ayyubi, Shukri, 338
Azraq
castle of, 281–3
Lawrence in, 289–91
Babylonian-Akkadian cuneiform texts, 80
Badr, 174
Baker, Sir Henry, 208, 347
al-Bakri, Fawzi, 136
al-Bakri, Nasib, 137, 157, 241, 246
and attack on Aqaba, 231
and search for Gasim, 237
in Seven Pillars, 242
and Damascus, 244
Ballard, Mrs, 13, 14, 15
Bani ‘Ali, 163
Bani ‘Atiya, 154
Bani Sa’ad, 162
Bani Salem, 175
Banias castle, 66
Barak, 64–5
Barakat Allah, 135
Barker, Ernest, 41, 70
Barrie, J.M., 354
Barrow, General, 335
Battenburg, Prince Alexander of, 131
al-Baydawi, ‘Abd al-Karim, 191
ibn Baydawi, Dakhilallah, 194
Becke, Major Archibold, 303, 306
Bedu
and Hejaz railway, 124
life of, 153–6
Lawrence first close to, 185
cowardice of, 195
Beeson, Cyril ‘Scroggs’, 18, 28, 29, 35–7, 38–9, 58
Beirut, 61–2
Bell, Charles, 26, 33, 39, 57, 109, 355
Bell, Gertrude, 89, 145, 315
Ben-My-Chree (ship), 160
Bengal Lancers, 337
Betjeman, John, 11
Billi, 154
Bilqis, Queen of Sheba, 153
Bir ibn Hassani, 180
Bir ash-Sheikh, 179
birching, 369–70
Birejik, Governor of, 96–7
Biscuit (boat), 374
Blackwell, Sir Basil, 13
Blumenfeld, R.D., 366
Boanerges (motorbike), 374
bodyguard, personal, 295–7
Bovington Camp, Dorset, 367
Bovington village, 376
Boyle, Captain, 193
Boys’ High School, Oxford, 22
brass-rubbing, 28
bravery, 138–9, 247–8
Bray, Captain N.N.E., 199, 201
Breese, Adjutant ‘Stiffy’, 362
Bremond, Lieutenant-Colonel, 170, 278
Britain
and Hussain, 52–3
and Syria, 109–114
war with
Ottomans, 127
British Expeditionary Force, 242
Brodie, Lieutenant Samuel, 310
Brook, Corporal, 264, 269, 270–71
Bruce, John, 17, 19, 33, 291, 367–71
Buchan, John, 132, 351, 372
Burckhardt, Johan Lutwig, 60, 156, 186
Burton, Richard, 57–8, 156, 175
Buxton, 317
Cairo
and Mesopotamia, 128–49
condition in 1914, 129
Lawrence to, 308
conference in, 356–7
Cambyses III, King of Persia, 117
Camel Corps, 311, 312, 316, 317
camel-riding, Lawrence and, 176
Campbell-Thompson, R., 79–86, 145
canoeing, 46
Carchemish, 75–92, 78–90, 93–108
stones removed at, 104–5
Lawrence’s last visit, 120–22
Casement, Sir Roger, 376
castles, study of, 18–19
Catchpole, Corporal Ernest, 376–7
Chaeronea, 26
Chapman, Edith, 7–8
Chapman, Thomas (father), see Lawrence, Thomas
Chartres cathedral, 55–6
Chaundy, Theo, 28, 29, 40, 46
Chauvel, General, 338
Chetwode, General Sir Philip, 367
cholera bacillus, 203
Christianity, at Oxford, 12–13, 55–6
Christopher, Canon A.W.D., 12–13
Church Missionary Society, 13
Churchill, Winston
on Seven Pillars, 350, 356
class, and relationships, 19
Clayton, Lieutenant-Colonel Gilbert, 129, 133, 172, 190, 193, 207, 243, 298
praise of Lawrence, 260, 271
and Operation Hedgehog, 263
Clemenceau, Prime Minister, 345, 346
Clouds Hill, Dorset, 369
Cobbold, Lady Evelyn, 119, 139
Colonial Office, Peace Conference and, 343–58
Committee of Union and Progress (CUP), 50, 51, 105, 106, 126, 135, 136
common-law marriage, 9
Conrad, Joseph, 354
Contzen, 104–5
Cornwallis, Major Kinahan, 171
Cowan, Lyn, 241, 354
lying and truth, 294
Cox, Sir Percy, 145
Crosthwaite, W.H., 131
cruelty, 332
Ctesiphon, 143
CUP, see Committee of Union and Progress
Curzon, Lord, 61, 344
cycling, 35–6, 38
Dahoum (Salim Ahmad), 76, 87–9, 90–92, 101, 107, 113
at Jebayyil with Lawrence, 102–4
at Oxford, 109–11
admiration for Lawrence, 114
death of, 146, 320–21
ibn Dakhil, ‘Abdallah, 207
Damascus
debate over, 242, 244
discussed with Allenby, 261
need for Arabs to take, 330
attack on, 337
entry into, 337–8
Feisal enters, 340
Allenby enters, 340
Damascus Protocol, 137, 141
Dara’a
homosexual rape at, 282–95
Yarmuk operation, 273–98
importance of Feisal at, 319
Trad ash-Sha’alan at, 335
Darb Sultani (road), 165, 173
Dardanelles, 137, 142
‘Da’ud’, see ‘Ali
Dawney, Lieutenant-Colonel Alan, 308, 310–12, 367
on Young as understudy, 315
ibn Dgaythir, and attack on Aqaba, 231
Dhami, 244
adh-Dhaylan, Mohammad, 226, 312
and attack on Aqaba, 231
ad-Din, Sa’ad, 245
Dinar, ‘Ali, 142
ad-Dizad, railway at, 234
Dodd, Francis, 109
Doughty, Charles, 57, 60, 156, 364
Dowson, Ernest, 131
Drubi, Zaki, and attack on Aqaba, 231
Dublin, 8
Duff, General Beauchamp, 143
Dufferin (ship), 166, 194, 261
ibn Dughmi, Durzi, 241
Ede, Jim, 348
Effendi, Ahmad, 73
Egypt, 93–108
excavations in, 94–5
‘elaboration’, 33
see also lying and truth
Elgar, Sir Edward, 375
empathy, 25–6
Englishness, 88
Enver Pasha, 135
Espiegle (ship), 199
Euryalus (ship), 261
Evangelical Movement, 9, 12
Expedition House, Jarablus, 95–8
naked statue on, 111–12
Ezbekiyya Gardens, Cairo, 128, 129
al-Fa’ir, Sharif ‘Abdallah, 306
Fakhri Pasha, Hamid, 162–3, 189, 191, 215, 301, 305
Falmouth, 33
‘Farraj’, see Othman
al-Faruqi, Mohammad Sharif, 140
al-Fatat, 136–7
father-figure
Trenchard as, 14
Allenby as, 261
fatwa, declared on Allies, 135
Fayzi, Sulayman, 145
Feisal, 136–7, 156–7, 165–6, 187
in battle, 163
first meeting with Lawrence, 181–2
at Nakhl Mubarak, 191–5
attack on Wejh, 197–203
after Wejh, 206–7
as chosen by Lawrence, 207–8
esteem for Lawrence, 225
and capture of Aqaba, 228
at Dara’a, 319, 336
entering Damascus, 340
and Peace Conference, 346
Seven Pillars in support of, 349
flagellation, 179, 369–70
Flecker, James Elroy, 34
Fletcher, Frank, 376
Fontana, Raff, 93, 121
food-tray, of Auda Abu Tayyi, 275
Forster, E.M., 28, 43, 365
Fox (ship), 160, 199, 200
Fuad Bey, 105
Galilee, 62–3
Gallipoli
mass landing at, 134, 137–8
failure of landings, 141
Garland, Major Herbert, 193
Garnett, Edward, 362, 363, 372
Gasim, missing in al-Houl, 236–9
Gaza-Beersheba line, offensive against, 276
Geographical Department, Military Intelligence, 122–3
George V, King, 343
Germans, at Carchemish, 93, 97, 99–101
Ghadir al-Haj, 250
al-Ghaffar, ‘Abd, 111
Ghalib Pasha, 161
al-Gharm, Sa’ad, 232
Gilman, Captain L.H., 291
Glubb, John Bagot, 357
gold, taken by Zayd, 307
Grand Continental Hotel, Cairo, 128
Graves, Philip, 139
Graves, Robert, 34, 43, 56, 73, 76, 102, 106, 122, 184, 306, 309, 360, 361
and Othman’s death, 309
Green, Leonard, 26–7
Greenmantle (Buchan), 132
Grigori, 81, 111
Gurkhas, 321–2
Guweira, surrender of, 253
Guy, R.A.M., 366
al-Hababeh, Mohammad, 302
Hall, Midge, 29, 41, 46, 75
Hallat Ammar, 269
Hama stone, 60
Hamed, 211–14
al-Hamid II, Sultan ‘Abd, 49, 106
Hammoudi, 86–7, 90–91
at Oxford, 109–11
admiration for Lawrence, 114
Hamra, 175
ibn Hamza, ‘Abdallah, 266
hand-to-hand fighting, 25
Hanum, Adlah, 54
al-Haraydhin, Talal, 283
Harb, 154
at jeddah, 160
Hardinge (ship), 160, 199, 200, 263
Hargreaves, Bertie, 376
al-Harithi, Nasir, 266
al-Harithi, Sharif ‘Ali ibn Hussain, 277–8, 321
Hartington, Lord, 131
Hashemites, Seven Pillars i
n support of, 348–9
Hatim, Dr Basil, 106
Haydar, Sharif’Ali, 166
Hedley, Colonel Coote, 122–3
Hejaz, 50, 51, 124, 153, 168–71
Britain and, 52–3
first mission to, 167–88
return to, 191
Helps to the Study of the Bible, 23
Herbert, Aubrey, 129, 132, 138, 144
Hittite(s)
cylinder-seals, 60, 69–71
as fantasy, 110
Hoare, Sam, 366
Hogarth, David, 58–61, 70, 101, 122, 141, 156, 355
at Carchemish, 78–90
Lawrence’s awe of, 84
in Cairo, 149
Holdich, Major G.V.W., 171
Holmes, Miss, 66–7, 102, 103–4
homosexuality, 26–7, 42–3, 76, 111–12, 233–4, 309
claimed as commonplace, 233
rape at Dara’a and, 297–8
approval of, 298
Hornby, Lieutenant, 311
al-Houl, crossing of, 235–9
Housman, Laurence, 26
Howaytat, as feud-ridden, 268
Huber, Charles, 176
Humber (ship), 264
Huon de Bordeaux, 28
ibn Hussain, Sharif ‘Ali, Emir of Mecca, 50–52, 106, 135, 165, 177–9, 210, 318
Bedu and Hejaz railway, 125, 156–7
letter from, 140
and British ‘decency’, 142–3
Hutaym, 154
Ibrahim Pasha, 105
al-Idrisi, 135, 136
Idylls of the King (Tennyson), 28
‘Intrusive’(Arab Bureau codename) 149
Irishness, 355
Isis (magazine), 113
al-Islam, Sheikh, 135
Ja’afar Pasha, 261, 264, 299, 300, 317
as Commander in Chief, 318
Jamal Pasha, 136, 137, 138, 156–7, 162
Jane, L.C., 40–41
Jarvis, C.S., 186
Jaudet, ‘Ali, 334
ibn Jazi, Hammayd, 227
ibn Jazi, Sheikh ‘Ar’ar, 226
ibn Jazi Howaytat, 248, 300
Jebayyil, 66–7, 102
Jeddah, 160, 167
Jefer, 249
Jerusalem, 298
Jesus College, Oxford, 40–42
Jews, 62–3
Jirwal barracks, attack at, 157–9
Jisr al-Hemmi, attack at, 276–7
Johns, Captain W.E., 359, 361–2
Joyce, Lieutenant-Colonel Pierce, 130, 184, 186, 209, 219, 229, 264, 316
in Cairo, 308
on Lawrence, 317
Juhayna, 154, 191
Junor, Lieutenant, 325
Justinian, Emperor, 113
Kalevala, 28
Kennington, Mrs Celandine, 12, 17
Kennington, Eric, 33, 377
Kenyon, Sir Frederick, 90, 93, 115
Kerak, 302
Khadra, surrender of, 253
Khairy Bey, 157
Khalfati, beating at, 107
Khallaf, 180
Khirbat as-Saba’ah, 304
Kilometre 149, raid at, 322–3, 328
Kilometre 589, raid at, 276
King-Crane commission, 345
Kirkbride, Lieutenant Alec, 85, 106, 186, 213, 307
on cruelty, 333, 334