by Ron Chernow
75. Morris, Sheridan, 1.
76. Foote, The Civil War, 3:866.
77. Cadwallader, Three Years with Grant, 305.
78. Morris, Sheridan, 258.
79. New York Herald, July 24, 1878.
80. Young, Around the World, 305.
81. USGH. “Interview with Augustus Chetlain.” HGP.
82. Simpson, Ulysses S. Grant, 461.
83. Morris, Sheridan, 179.
84. Ibid., 184.
85. Foreman, A World on Fire, 644.
86. Porter, Campaigning with Grant, 236.
87. PUSG, 11:378. Letter to Maj. Gen. David Hunter, August 5, 1864.
88. Ibid., 381. Letter to Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman, August 7, 1864.
89. Ibid. Telegram from Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman, August 7, 1864.
90. Catton, Grant Takes Command, 348.
91. Ibid., 353.
92. Ibid.
93. Morgan, “From City Point to Appomattox with General Grant.”
94. Simpson, Ulysses S. Grant, 370.
95. Porter, Campaigning with Grant, 275.
96. PUSG, 12:16. Letter to Elihu B. Washburne, August 16, 1864.
97. Porter, Campaigning with Grant, 234.
98. GPL. S2 B21 F15. Letter from Ely Parker to Col. William R. Rowley, July 11, 1864.
99. Porter, Campaigning with Grant, 273.
100. GPL. S2 B14 F5. “James H. Wilson–Adam Badeau.” Letter from James H. Wilson to Adam Badeau, August 1, 1864.
101. Wilson, Rawlins, 237.
102. Ibid., 261.
103. GPL. S2 B4 F4. From “Inside Lincoln’s Army: The Diary of Marsena Rudolph Patrick, Provost Marshal General, Army of the Potomac.” Edited by Davis S. Sparks. Diary entry for August 18, 1864.
104. Simpson, Ulysses S. Grant, 376.
105. Wilson, Rawlins, 258.
106. Porter, Campaigning with Grant, 283.
107. Ibid., 284.
108. Smith, Grant, 384.
109. Jones, A Rebel War Clerk’s Diary, 466. Diary entry for August 26, 1864.
110. Woodward, Mary Chesnut’s Civil War, 637. Diary entry for August 19, 1864.
CHAPTER TWENTY-ONE: CHEW & CHOKE
1. GPL. S2 B21. Letter from George K. Leet to Col. William R. Rowley, August 23, 1864. LLP.
2. PUSG, 11:425. Telegram from Abraham Lincoln, August 17, 1864.
3. Porter, Campaigning with Grant, 279.
4. Nevins and Thomas, The Diary of George Templeton Strong, 3:467. Diary entry for July 23, 1864.
5. Catton, Never Call Retreat, 381.
6. Wineapple, Ecstatic Nation, 322.
7. Burlingame, Lincoln Observed, 114.
8. PUSG, 11:396–97. Letter to Isaac N. Morris, August 10, 1864.
9. GPL. S2 B14 F5. “James H. Wilson–Adam Badeau.” Letter from James H. Wilson to Adam Badeau, August 19, 1864.
10. Eaton, Grant, Lincoln and the Freedmen, 186.
11. Ibid., 190.
12. Ibid., 191.
13. Ibid.
14. PUSG, 12:17. Letter to Elihu B. Washburne, August 16, 1864.
15. Ibid., 36. Letter to Commander Daniel Ammen, August 18, 1864.
16. Stahr, Seward, 406.
17. Foner, Fiery Trial, 306.
18. Grant, Memoirs, 2:625.
19. Cincinnati Gazette, October 5, 1880.
20. PUSG, 11:383. Telegram from Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman to Maj. Gen. Henry W. Halleck, August 7, 1864.
21. Keegan, The American Civil War, 267.
22. Catton, Never Call Retreat, 398.
23. McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom, 751.
24. Foner, Fiery Trial, 308.
25. Wilson and Simon, Ulysses S. Grant, 113.
26. PUSG, 12:155. Letter to Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman, September 12, 1864.
27. Ibid., 128. Telegram from Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman, September 6, 1864.
28. Sherman, Memoirs, 889.
29. Guelzo, “The Civil War’s Unlikely Genius.”
30. Grant, Memoirs, 2:634.
31. Porter, Campaigning with Grant, 288.
32. Catton, Grant Takes Command, 363.
33. Morris, Sheridan, 194.
34. Porter, Campaigning with Grant, 298.
35. Julia Grant, Memoirs, 132.
36. New York Tribune, September 19, 1864.
37. PUSG, 12:179–80. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, September 20, 1864.
38. Simpson, Ulysses S. Grant, 379.
39. McPherson, Tried by War, 245.
40. PUSG, 12:177. Telegram to Maj. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan, September 20, 1864.
41. Ibid., 193. Telegram to Maj. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan, September 22, 1864.
42. Ibid. Telegram from Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton to Julia Dent Grant, September 23, 1864.
43. Sheridan, Memoirs, 2:82.
44. PUSG, 12:328. Telegram from Maj. Gen. Philip Sheridan, October 19, 1864.
45. Porter, Campaigning with Grant, 307–8.
46. Ibid., 301.
47. EBC. Letter from Adam Badeau to Edwin Booth, October 1, 1864.
48. Smith, Grant, 387.
49. EBC. Letter from Adam Badeau to Edwin Booth, October 1, 1864.
50. Porter, Campaigning with Grant, 294.
51. Ibid., 313.
52. PUSG, 12:291. Telegram from Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman, October 9, 1864.
53. Ibid., 290. Telegram from Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman, October 11, 1864.
54. Ibid., 375. Letter from Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman, November 6, 1864.
55. Young, Around the World, 302.
56. PUSG, 12:303. Telegram from Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton, October 12, 1864.
57. Ibid., 302–3. Telegram to Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton, October 13, 1864.
58. Ibid., 318. Telegram from Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman, October 16, 1864; telegram to Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman, October 17, 1864.
59. Sherman, Memoirs, 634.
60. PUSG, 12:372. Telegram from Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman, November 2, 1864.
61. Sherman, Memoirs, 655.
62. Grant, Memoirs, 2:647.
63. Simpson, Ulysses S. Grant, 391.
64. Grant, Memoirs, 2:638.
65. Beale, Diary of Gideon Welles, 2:214. Diary entry for December 29, 1864.
66. Simpson, Ulysses S. Grant, 385.
67. Porter, Campaigning with Grant, 314.
68. PUSG, 11:281. Telegram to Maj. Gen. Henry W. Halleck, July 19, 1864.
69. Ibid., 12:298. Telegram to Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman, October 12, 1864.
70. Ibid., 27. Telegram to Maj. Gen. Benjamin F. Butler, August 18, 1864.
71. Ibid., 263. Letter from Gen. Robert E. Lee, October 3, 1864.
72. Ibid. Letter to Gen. Robert E. Lee, October 3, 1864.
73. Ibid., 325. Letter from Gen. Robert E. Lee, October 19, 1864.
74. Ibid., 345. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, October 24, 1864.
75. Ibid., 262. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, October 2, 1864.
76. Ibid., 24. Letter to Frederick Dent, August 17, 1864.
77. Ibid., 166. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, September 14, 1864.
78. Ibid., 212–13. Letter to Edwin M. Stanton, September 27, 1864.
79. Donald, Lincoln, 542.
80. McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom, 804.
81. Donald, Lincoln, 544.
82. PUSG, 12:398. Telegram to Edwin M. Stanton, November 10, 1864.
83. Egerton, The Wars of Reconstruction, 86.
84. Taliaferro, All the Great Prizes, 97.
85. Ro
ss, The General’s Wife, 173.
86. EBC. Letter from Adam Badeau to Edwin Booth, November 28, 1864.
87. GPL. S2 B13. “Rawlins Papers.” Letter from John A. Rawlins to Mary E. Rawlins, November 23, 1864. JHWP.
88. Porter, Campaigning with Grant, 328.
89. Ibid.
90. PUSG, 13:67. Telegram to Maj. Gen. George H. Thomas, December 5, 1864.
91. Grant, Memoirs, 2:655–56.
92. Young, Around the World, 303.
93. PUSG, 13:83. Telegram to Maj. Gen. Henry W. Halleck, December 8, 1864.
94. Ibid., 88. Telegram to Maj. Gen. George H. Thomas, December 8, 1864.
95. Ibid. Telegram from Maj. Gen. George H. Thomas, December 9, 1864.
96. Young, Around the World, 303; Porter, Campaigning with Grant, 347.
97. Wilson and Simon, Ulysses S. Grant, 117.
98. Ibid.
99. Ibid., 118.
100. McPherson, Tried by War, 253.
101. PUSG, 13:124. Telegram to Maj. Gen. George H. Thomas, December 15, 1864.
102. Keegan, The American Civil War, 277.
103. PUSG, 13:151. Telegram to Maj. Gen. George H. Thomas, December 22, 1864.
104. Ibid., 130. Letter to Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman, December 18, 1864.
105. Ibid., 129.
106. Ibid., 21–24. Telegram to Maj. Gen. George H. Thomas, November 24, 1864.
107. Sherman, Memoirs, 657.
108. Egerton, The Wars of Reconstruction, 65.
109. PUSG, 13:74. Letter from Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman, December 16, 1864.
110. Foner, Fiery Trial, 321.
111. PUSG, 13:75. Letter from Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman, December 16, 1864.
112. Ibid., 170. Letter from Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman, December 22, 1864.
113. Sherman, Memoirs, 705.
114. Egerton, The Wars of Reconstruction, 109.
115. Sherman, Memoirs, 711.
116. Donald, Lincoln, 553.
117. Foote, The Civil War, 3:713.
CHAPTER TWENTY-TWO: HER SATANIC MAJESTY
1. Grant, Memoirs, 2:662.
2. Simpson, Ulysses S. Grant, 393.
3. Porter, Campaigning with Grant, 337.
4. Ibid.
5. McPherson, War on the Waters, 215–17.
6. PUSG, 13:223. Letter to Edwin M. Stanton, January 4, 1865.
7. Ibid., 224. Telegram from Maj. Gen. Edward O. C. Ord, January 11, 1865.
8. Ibid., 22:234. Letter from John B. Alley to Senator Henry Wilson, November 30, 1871.
9. Ibid., 13:185. Telegram from Secretary of the Navy Gideon Welles, December 28, 1864.
10. Ibid., 219. Letter to Bvt. Maj. Gen. Alfred H. Terry, January 3, 1865.
11. McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom, 820–21.
12. GPL. S2 B1 F38. Letter from Adam Badeau to James H. Wilson, January 26, 1865.
13. “Admiral Porter’s Letter to Ex-Secretary Welles.” New York Tribune, December 5, 1870.
14. Julia Grant, Memoirs, 179.
15. PUSG, 21:68. Letter from Vice Admiral David D. Porter, December 3, 1870.
16. Porter, Campaigning with Grant, 329–30.
17. PUSG, 13:163. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, December 24, 1864.
18. Ibid., 204. Letter to William W. Smith, January 1, 1865.
19. Simpson, Ulysses S. Grant, 404.
20. Nevins and Thomas, The Diary of George Templeton Strong, 533. Diary entry for December 27, 1864.
21. Beale, Diary of Gideon Welles, 1:214. Diary entry for December 29, 1864.
22. Wilson, Rawlins, 297.
23. PUSG, 32:73. Letter to James L. Crane, January 2, 1865.
24. Pryor, Reading the Man, 421.
25. Wineapple, Ecstatic Nation, 351.
26. Foote, The Civil War, 3:761.
27. McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom, 822.
28. Goodwin, Team of Rivals, 691; Foote, The Civil War, 3:773.
29. Westwood, “Lincoln and the Hampton Roads Peace Conference.”
30. McFeely, Grant, 200.
31. Grant, Memoirs, 2:685.
32. USGA Newsletter, July 1964.
33. Ibid.
34. Ibid.
35. Ibid.
36. Foote, The Civil War, 3:774.
37. PUSG, 13:345. Telegram to Edwin M. Stanton, February 1, 1865.
38. Westwood, “Lincoln and the Hampton Roads Peace Conference.”
39. Ibid.
40. Badeau, Grant in Peace, 18.
41. Wilson, Patriotic Gore, 429.
42. Foote, The Civil War, 3:777.
43. Donald, Lincoln, 560.
44. Grant, Memoirs, 2:686.
45. Porter, “Lincoln and Grant.”
46. PUSG, 13:281. Letter from President Abraham Lincoln, January 19, 1865.
47. Catton, Grant Takes Command, 419.
48. Smith, Grant, 390.
49. PUSG, 13:391. Telegram to Edwin M. Stanton, February 8, 1865.
50. Grant, Memoirs, 2:688.
51. PUSG, 13:429. Letter to Isaac N. Morris, February 15, 1865.
52. Jones, A Rebel War Clerk’s Diary, 571.
53. Ibid., 583.
54. Wineapple, Ecstatic Nation, 359.
55. Jones, A Rebel War Clerk’s Diary, 573. Diary entry for February 11, 1865.
56. PUSG, 13:131. Letter from Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman, December 24, 1864.
57. McPherson, Tried by War, 244.
58. PUSG, 13:201. Telegram from Maj. Gen. Henry W. Halleck, December 31, 1864.
59. Foote, The Civil War, 3:751.
60. Ibid.
61. Grant, Memoirs, 2:765.
62. PUSG, 13:295. Letter from Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman, January 29, 1865.
63. Simpson, Ulysses S. Grant, 408.
64. Grant, Memoirs, 2:681.
65. Foote, The Civil War, 3:794.
66. Mayer, All on Fire, 577.
67. PUSG, 14:31. Letter to Elihu B. Washburne, February 23, 1865.
68. Jones, A Rebel War Clerk’s Diary, 585. Diary entry for February 25, 1865.
69. PUSG, 13:458. Telegram to Maj. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan, February 20, 1865.
70. Julia Grant, Memoirs, 136.
71. Porter, Campaigning with Grant, 387.
72. PUSG, 14:63–64. Memo from Maj. Gen. Edward O. C. Ord, February 27, 1865.
73. Julia Grant, Memoirs, 141.
74. PUSG, 14:99. Letter from Gen. Robert E. Lee, March 2, 1865.
75. Ibid., 91. Telegram from Edwin M. Stanton, March 3, 1865.
76. PUSG, 14:100. Telegram to Edwin M. Stanton, March 4, 1865.
77. Wineapple, Ecstatic Nation, 346.
78. Donald, Lincoln, 567–68.
79. Stahr, Seward, 428.
80. Donald, Lincoln, 565.
81. Gordon-Reed, Andrew Johnson, 2.
82. Grant, Memoirs, 2:690.
83. Porter, Campaigning with Grant, 396.
84. PUSG, 14:186. Letter to Jesse Root Grant, March 19, 1865.
85. Ibid., 175. Letter from Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman, March 12, 1865.
86. Ibid. Letter to Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman, March 16, 1865.
87. Foote, The Civil War, 3:836.
88. Ibid., 815.
89. Ibid., 816.
90. Ibid., 817.
91. Young, Around the World, 333.
92. Goodwin, Team of Rivals, 709.
93. Ibid.
94. Porter, Campaigning with Grant, 404.
95. Goodwin, Team of Rivals, 710.
96. Ibid.
97. Catton, Never Call Retreat, 38.
98. Young, Around the World, 332.
99. Ibid., 331.
100. Donald, Lincoln, 572.
101. Ibid.
102. Porter, “Lincoln and Grant.”
103. Ibid.
104. “Grant Reminiscences.” Chicago Daily Tribune, September 1, 1885.
105. Young, Around the World, 331.
106. Porter, “Lincoln and Grant.”
107. Donald, Lincoln, 275.
108. Ibid., 160.
109. Ibid., 324.
110. Ibid., 475.
111. Burlingame, Lincoln Observed, 248.
112. Foote, The Civil War, 3:845.
113. Ross, The General’s Wife, 184.
114. Badeau, Grant in Peace, 360.
115. Donald, Lincoln, 427.
116. Ross, The General’s Wife, 178.
117. Ibid.
118. PUSG, 11:192. Letter to Maj. Gen. Henry W. Halleck, July 8, 1864.
119. Badeau, Grant in Peace, 358–59.
120. Ibid., 359.
121. Ibid.
122. Ibid., 360.
123. Foote, The Civil War, 3:837.
124. Porter, Campaigning with Grant, 417.
125. Foote, The Civil War, 3:838.
126. Sherman, Memoirs, 813.
127. Ibid., 810.
128. Porter, Campaigning with Grant, 420.
129. Sherman, Memoirs, 15.
130. Holzer, Lincoln on War, 283.
131. Donald, Lincoln, 574.
132. Goodwin, Team of Rivals, 713.
133. Sherman, Memoirs, 813.
134. Foote, The Civil War, 3:856.
135. Ibid., 857.
136. Porter, Campaigning with Grant, 425.
137. Ibid., 426.
CHAPTER TWENTY-THREE: DIRTY BOOTS
1. Foote, The Civil War, 3:853.
2. Grant, Memoirs, 2:695.
3. Ibid., 696.
4. Sheridan, Memoirs, 2:116.
5. Simpson, Ulysses S. Grant, 419.
6. Catton, Never Call Retreat, 441.
7. Ibid.
8. Badeau, Grant in Peace, 98.
9. GPL. S2 B13. “Rawlins Letters.” Letter from John A. Rawlins to Mary E. Rawlins, March 29, 1865. JHWP.
10. PUSG, 14:253. Letter to Maj. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan, March 29, 1865.
11. Ibid., 273. Telegram to Julia Dent Grant, March 30, 1865.
12. Morris, Sheridan, 244.
13. Badeau, Grant in Peace, 98.
14. PUSG, 14:273. Telegram to Abraham Lincoln, March 31, 1865.
15. Porter, Campaigning with Grant, 441.
16. Morris, Sheridan, 247.
