Falter: Has the Human Game Begun to Play Itself Out?
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24. Christopher Flavelle, “Florida Could Be Close to a Real Estate Reckoning,” Insurance Journal, January 2, 2018.
25. Anna Hirtensen, “AXA Insurance Chief Warns of ‘Uninsurable Basements’ from New York to Mumbai,” Insurance Journal, January 26, 2018.
26. Tim Radford, “Kids Suing Trump Get Helping Hand from World’s Most Famous Climate Scientist,” EcoWatch, July 19, 2017.
27. “Relocating Kivalina,” toolkit.climate.gov, January 17, 2017.
28. Wallace-Wells, “The Uninhabitable Earth,” New York, July 9, 2017.
29. Kenneth R. Weiss, “Some of the World’s Biggest Lakes Are Drying Up. Here’s Why,” Inter Press Service, March 1, 2018.
30. Bryan Bender, “Chief of U.S. Pacific Forces Calls Climate Greatest Worry,” Boston Globe, March 9, 2013.
31. Jonathan Watts, “Arctic’s Strongest Sea Ice Breaks Up for First Time on Record,” Guardian, August 21, 2018.
32. Quirin Schiermeier, “Huge Landslide Triggered Rare Greenland Mega-Tsunami,” Nature, July 27, 2017.
33. Goodell, The Water Will Come, p. 141.
CHAPTER 4
1. “How to Improve the Health of the Ocean,” The Economist, May 27, 2017.
2. Brannen, Ends of the World, p. 235.
3. Roz Pidcock, “Rate of Ocean Warming Quadrupled Since Late 20th Century, Study Reveals,” Carbon Brief, March 10, 2017.
4. Brittany Patterson, “How Much Heat Does the Ocean Trap? A Robot Aims to Find Out,” Climatewire, October 18, 2016.
5. Christopher Knaus and Nick Evershed, “Great Barrier Reef at Terminal Stage; Scientists Despair at Latest Bleaching Data,” Guardian, April 9, 2017.
6. Amy Remeikis, “Great Barrier Reef Tourism Spokesman Attacks Scientist Over Slump in Visitors,” Guardian, January 12, 2018.
7. P. G. Brewer, “A Short History of Ocean Acidification Science in the 20th Century: A Chemist’s View,” Biogeosciences 10 (2013): 7411–22.
8. Rohling, Oceans, p. 181.
9. Ibid., p. 72.
10. Ibid., 161.
11. Seth Borenstein, “Scientists Warn of Hot, Sour, Breathless Oceans,” Associated Press, November 14, 2013.
12. Elena Becatoros, “More than 90 Percent of World’s Coral Reefs Will Die by 2050,” Independent, March 13, 2017.
13. Brannen, Ends of the World, p. 65.
14. Ibid., p. 65.
15. Ibid., p. 122.
16. Ibid., p. 188.
17. Ibid., p. 203.
18. “A One-Two Punch May Have Helped Check the Dinosaurs,” sciencedaily.com, February 7, 2018.
19. Joseph F. Byrnes and Leif Karlstrom, “Anomalous K-Pg–aged Seafloor Attributed to Impact-Induced Mid-Ocean Ridge Magmatism,” Science Advances 4 no. 2 (February 7, 2018): 1–6.
20. Brannen, Ends of the World, p. 136.
21. Rohling, Oceans, p. 114.
22. Ibid., p. 88.
23. Howard Lee, “Underground Magma Triggered Earth’s Worst Mass Extinction with Greenhouse Gases,” Guardian, August 1, 2017.
24. Damian Carrington, “Earth’s Sixth Mass Extinction Event Under Way, Scientists Warn,” Guardian, July 10, 2017.
25. Damian Carrington, “Humans Just 0.01% of All Life but Have Destroyed 83% of Wild Mammals—Study,” Guardian, May 21, 2018.
26. George Monbiot, “Our Natural World Is Disappearing Before Our Eyes. We Have to Save It,” tppahanshilhorst.com, July 6, 2018.
CHAPTER 5
1. Donald Worster, Shrinking the Earth: The Rise and Decline of Natural Abundance (New York: Oxford University Press, 2016), p. 15.
2. Ibid., p. 40.
3. Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations, Book 4, Chapter 7, Part 3. (Indianapolis, 2009), p. 2.
4. Gayathri Vaidyanathan, “Killer Heat Grows Hotter around the World,” Scientific American, August 6, 2015.
5. Alan Blinder, “As the Northwest Boils, an Aversion to Air-Conditioners Wilts,” New York Times, August 3, 2017.
6. Mike Ives, “In India, Slight Rise in Temperature Is Tied to Heat Wave Deaths,” New York Times, June 8, 2017.
7. Jason Samenow, “Two Middle Eastern Locations Hit 129 Degrees, Hottest Ever in Eastern Hemisphere, Maybe the World,” Washington Post, July 22, 2016.
8. Bob Berwyn, “Heat Waves Creeping Toward a Deadly Heat-Humidity Threshold,” InsideClimate News, August 3, 2017.
9. Damian Carrington, “Unsurvivable Heatwaves Could Strike the Heart of China by End of Century,” Guardian, July 31, 2018.
10. Jonathan Watts and Elle Hunt, “Halfway to Boiling: The City at 50C,” Guardian, August 13, 2018.
11. Kevin Krajick, “Humidity May Prove Breaking Point for Some Areas as Temperatures Rise, Says Study,” Earth Institute, December 22, 2017.
12. Lauren Morello, “Climate Change Is Cutting Humans’ Work Capacity,” climatecentral.org, February 24, 2013.
13. Jeremy Deaton, “Extreme Heat Is Killing America’s Farm Workers,” qz.com, September 1, 2018.
14. Somini Sengupta, Tiffany May, and Zia ur-Rehman, “How Record Heat Wreaked Havoc on Four Continents,” New York Times, July 30, 2018.
15. Elle Hunt, “‘We Have Different Ways of Coping’: The Global Heatwave from Beijing to Bukhara,” Guardian, July 28, 2018.
16. Watts and Hunt, “Halfway to Boiling.”
17. Christopher Flavelle, “Louisiana Plan Could Move Thousands from Coast,” Portland Press Herald, December 22, 2017.
18. Ashley Nagaoka, “Hawaii Study: Impacts of Sea Level Rise Already Being Felt—and It Will Only Get Worse,” hawaiinewsnow.com, December 20, 2017.
19. Michael Kimmelman, “Jakarta Is Sinking So Fast, It Could End Up Underwater,” New York Times, December 21, 2017.
20. Gabrielle Gurley, “Boston’s Rendezvous with Climate Destiny,” prospect.org, January 5, 2018.
21. Rohling, Oceans, p. 170.
22. Goodell, The Water Will Come, p. 214.
23. Dr. Jeff Masters, “Retreat from a Rising Sea: A Book Review,” wunderground.com/cat6, February 16, 2018.
24. Kavya Balaraman, “U.S. Harvests Could Suffer with Climate Change,” Scientific American, January 20, 2017.
25. Oliver Millman, “We’re Moving to Higher Ground,” Guardian, September 24, 2018.
26. Worster, Shrinking the Earth, p. 133.
27. Alister Doyle, “Arctic Thaw to Cause up to $90 Trillion Damage to Roads and Buildings,” Independent, April 25, 2017.
28. Catherine Porter, “Canadian Town, Isolated after Losing Rail Link, ‘Feels Held Hostage,’” New York Times, August 30, 2017.
29. Jim Dwyer, “Saving Scotland’s Heritage from the Rising Seas,” New York Times, September 25, 2018.
CHAPTER 6
1. Nathaniel Rich, “Losing Earth: The Decade We Almost Stopped Climate Change,” New York Times Magazine, August 1, 2018.
2. Harry Stevens, “A 30-year alarm on the reality of climate change,” Axios, June 23, 2018.
3. Peter Frumhoff, “Global Warming Fact: More than Half of All Industrial CO2 Pollution Has Been Emitted Since 1988,” uscusa.org, December 15, 2014.
4. Goodell, The Water Will Come, p. 224.
5. Ibid., p. 84.
6. Joe Romm, “Obama’s Worst Speech Ever: ‘We’ve Added Enough New Oil and Gas Pipeline to Encircle the Earth,’” thinkprogress.org, March 22, 2012.
7. Sabrina Shankman, “Oil and Gas Fields Leak Far More Methane than EPA Reports, Study Finds,” InsideClimate News, June 21, 2018.
8. Cameron Cawthorne, “Obama Touts Paris Agreement,” Washington Free Beacon, November 28, 2018.
9. Nicole Gaouette, “Trudeau Issues Rallying Cry for Climate Fight and Takes a Dig at the US,” cnn.com, September 21, 2017.
CHAPTER 7
1. Neela Banerjee, Lisa Song, and David Hasemyer, “Exxon’s Own Research Confirmed Fossil Fuels’ Role in Global Warming Decades Ago,” InsideClimate News, September 16, 2015.
2. Ibid.
3. Benjamin Franta, “On Its 100th birthday in 1959, Edward Teller Warned the
Oil Industry About Global Warming,” Guardian, January 1, 2018.
4. Energy and Policy Institute, “Utilities Knew: Documenting Electric Utilities’ Early Knowledge and Ongoing Deception on Climate Change from 1968–2017,” July 2017.
5. Dick Russell and Robert F. Kennedy Jr., Horsemen of the Apocalypse: The Men Who Are Destroying Life on Earth—And What It Means for Our Children (New York: Hot Books, 2017), p. 16–17.
6. Neela Banerjee, Lisa Song, and David Hasemyer, “Exxon: The Road Not Taken,” InsideClimate News, September 16, 2015.
7. Sara Jerving et al., “What Exxon Knew about the Earth’s Melting Arctic,” Los Angeles Times, October 9, 2015.
8. Benjamin Franta, “Shell and Exxon’s Secret 1980s Climate Change Warnings,” Guardian, September 19, 2018.
9. Jason M. Breslow, “Investigation Finds Exxon Ignored Its Own Early Climate Change Warnings,” pbs.org, September 16, 2015.
10. Russell and Kennedy, Horsemen of the Apocalypse, p. 20–21.
11. Oliver Burkeman, “Memo Exposes Bush’s New Green Strategy,” Guardian, March 3, 2003.
12. Ruairí Arrieta-Kenna, “Almost 90% of Americans Don’t Know There’s Scientific Consensus on Global Warming,” vox.com, July 6, 2017.
13. Russell and Kennedy, Horsemen of the Apocalypse, p. 30.
14. Rupert Neate, “ExxonMobil CEO: Ending Oil Production ‘Not Acceptable for Humanity,’” Guardian, May 25, 2016.
15. Olivia Beavers, “Trump: Polar Ice Caps Are ‘at a Record Level,’” Hill, January 28, 2018.
16. John H. Cushman Jr., “Exxon Reports on Climate Risk and Sees Almost None,” InsideClimate News, February 5, 2018.
17. Exxon Mobile, “Understanding the ‘#ExxonKnew’ controversy,” https://corporate.exxonmobil.com/en/key-topics/understanding-the-exxonknew-controversy/understanding-the-exxonknew-controversy/
18. Alex Steffen, “On Climate, Speed Is Everything,” The Nearly Now, December 7, 2017.
19. Brady Dennis, “Countries Made Only Modest Climate-Change Promises in Paris. They’re Falling Short Anyway,” Washington Post, February 19, 2018.
PART TWO: LEVERAGE
CHAPTER 8
1. David Cole, “Facts and Figures,” New York Review of Books, July 19, 2018.
2. Philip Alston, “Extreme Poverty in America: Read the UN Special Monitor’s Report,” Guardian, December 15, 2017.
3. Ed Pilkington, “Hookworm, A Disease of Extreme Poverty, Is Thriving in the U.S. South. Why?” Guardian, September 5, 2017.
4. Ibid.
5. “Contempt for the Poor in US Drives Cruel Policies, Says UN Expert,” ohchr.org, June 4, 2018.
6. Editorial Board, “The Tax Bill that Inequality Created,” New York Times, December 16, 2017.
7. Noah Kirsch, “The Three Richest Americans Hold More Wealth Than Bottom 50% of the Country, Study Finds,” Forbes, November 9, 2017.
8. Max Ehrenfreund, “How Trump’s Budget Helps the Rich at the Expense of the Poor,” Washington Post, May 23, 2017.
9. Annie Lowrey, “Jeff Bezos’s $150 Billion Fortune Is a Policy Failure,” Atlantic, August 1, 2018.
10. Les Leopold, Runaway Inequality: An Activist’s Guide to Economic Justice (New York: Labor Institute Press, 2015), p. 6.
11. Josh Hoxie, “Blacks and Latinos Will Be Broke in a Few Decades,” Fortune, September 19, 2017.
12. Preeti Varathan, “Millennials Are Set to Be the Most Unequal Generation Yet,” qz.com, November 19, 2017.
13. Raj Chetty, interview by Michel Martin, “U.S. Kids Now Less Likely to Earn More than Their Parents,” All Things Considered, NPR, December 18, 2016.
14. Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickett, “The Science Is In: Greater Equality Makes Societies Healthier and Richer,” evonomics.com, January 26, 2017.
15. Jessica Boddy, “The Forces Driving Middle-Aged White People’s Deaths of Despair,” Morning Edition, March 23, 2017.
16. Tyler Durden, “America’s Miserable 21st Century,” zerohedge.com, March 4, 2017.
CHAPTER 9
1. “A Very Big Shoe to Fill,” The Economist, March 7, 2002.
2. Harriet Rubin, “Ayn Rand’s Literature of Capitalism,” New York Times, September 15, 2007.
3. Jonathan Freedland, “The New Age of Ayn Rand: How She Won Over Trump and Silicon Valley,” Guardian, April 10, 2017.
4. Rubin, “Ayn Rand’s Literature of Capitalism.”
5. Harriet Rubin, “Fifty Years On, ‘Atlas Shrugged’ Still Has Its Fans—Especially in Business,” New York Times, September 17, 2007.
6. Freedland, “New Age of Ayn Rand.”
7. Rachel Weiner, “Paul Ryan and Ayn Rand,” Washington Post, August 13, 2012.
8. Husna Haq, “Paul Ryan Does an About-Face on Ayn Rand,” Christian Science Monitor, August 14, 2012.
9. Robert James Bidinotto, “Celebrity Ayn Rand Fans,” atlassociety.org, January 1, 2006.
10. James B. Stewart, “As a Guru, Ayn Rand May Have Her Limits. Ask Travis Kalanick,” New York Times, July 13, 2017.
11. Kirsten Powers, “Donald Trump’s Kinder, Gentler Version,” USA Today, April 11, 2016.
12. Wendy Milling, “President Obama Jabs at Ayn Rand, Knocks Himself Out,” Forbes, October 30, 2012.
13. Jennifer Burns, Goddess of the Market: Ayn Rand and the American Right (New York: Oxford University Press, 2009), p. 23.
14. Thomas E. Ricks, Churchill and Orwell: The Fight for Freedom (New York: Penguin Press, 2017), p. 8 (emphasis added).
15. William Manchester, The Last Lion: Winston Spencer Churchill, Alone 1932–1940 (New York: Bantam Books, 1988).
16. George Orwell, A Patriot After All (London: Secker and Warburg, 1998), p. 503.
17. Burns, Goddess of the Market, p. 8.
18. Ibid., p. 13.
19. Ibid., pp. 20, 24.
20. Anne C. Heller, Ayn Rand and the World She Made (New York: Nan A. Talese, 2009), p. 1.
21. Ayn Rand, The Fountainhead, twenty-fifth anniversary edition (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1968), p. 7.
22. Ibid., p. 3.
23. Burns, Goddess of the Market, p. 86.
24. Ibid.
25. Rand, The Fountainhead, p. 712 (emphasis added).
26. Ayn Rand, Atlas Shrugged (New York: Dutton, 1957), p. 1065.
27. Andrea Barnet, Visionary Women: How Rachel Carson, Jane Jacobs, Jane Goodall, and Alice Waters Changed Our World (New York: Ecco Books, 2018), p. 441.
28. Burns, Goddess of the Market, p. 157.
29. Jonas E. Alexis, Christianity’s Dangerous Idea: How the Christian Principle and Spirit Offer the Best Explanation for Life and Why Other Alternatives Fail: Volume 1 (Bloomington, IN: Authorhouse, 2010), p. 600.
CHAPTER 10
1. Maria Tadeo, “Unrepentant Tom Perkins Apologises for ‘Kristallnacht’ Remarks but Defends War on the Rich Letter,” Independent, January 28, 2014.
2. Julia Ioffe, “Before Predicting a Liberal Kristallnacht, Tom Perkins Wrote a One-Percenter Romance Novel,” New Republic, January 25, 2014.
3. Jonathan Chait, “Voting Also Reminds Tom Perkins of Kristallnacht,” New York Magazine, February 14, 2014.
4. Jane Mayer, “The Koch Brothers Say No to Tariffs,” The New Yorker Radio Hour, June 15, 2018.
5. Jane Mayer, Dark Money: The Hidden History of the Billionaires behind the Rise of the Right (New York: Doubleday, 2016), p. 36.
6. Ibid., p. 38 (emphasis added).
7. Ibid, p. 40.
8. Jane Mayer, “The Secrets of Charles Koch’s Political Ascent,” Politico, January 18, 2016.
9. Nancy MacLean, Democracy in Chains: The Deep History of the Radical Right’s Stealth Plan for America (New York: Viking, 2017), p. xiv.
10. James M. Buchanan and Gordon Tullock, The Collected Works of James M. Buchanan, Vol. 3: The Calculus of Consent: Logical Foundations of Constitutional Democracy, available online at delong.typepad.com/Files/calculus-of-consent.pdf, p. 171.
11. MacLean, Democracy in Chains, p. 134.
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