by Myron Magnet
Massachusetts, 70, 75, 79, 234, 266, 341
depression in, 180
mastodon, 306
Mayhew, Jonathan, 4, 5
McComb, John, Jr., 298
McDonald, Forrest, 281
McKim, Mead & White, 312
Melli Melli, Sidi Suleiman, 377
Memorial and Remonstrance Against Religious Assessments (Madison), 324–26
mercenaries, 139–41, 163
Merry, Anthony, 377–79, 395
Merry, Elizabeth, 378–79, 382, 395
Merry Affair, 377–79
Metropolitan Museum of Art, 73
microcultures, American, 269–70
Middlebrook, N.J., 158–59
militias, 71, 98, 125, 136–37, 144, 203, 272
Mill, John Stuart, 365
mint, founding of, 12
Minuit, Peter, 270
missionaries, 20, 307
Mississippi Valley, 203, 205–6, 209, 239, 243–46, 333–34, 397
Missouri Compromise, 287, 315
Mohawks, 20
Mohicans, 19
monarchy, powers of, 34–38, 309
“Monitor,” 72
Monmouth Court House (later Freehold), N.J., 158
Monroe, James, 258, 291, 293, 294, 313, 351, 361, 363, 365, 387
Montesquieu, Baron de, 339, 341
Montgolfier brothers, 248
Monticello, 303–8, 304, 313, 317–18, 365, 400–401
as embodiment of Jefferson’s thought, 13, 303–6, 311–12, 317, 380
Montpelier, 13, 317, 321, 322, 335, 357, 371–75, 372, 380, 399, 401–2
Montreal, Canada, 63
Moore, Tom, 315
Moot seminars, 40
Moravians, 30, 32
Morgan, Daniel, 152, 165
Morris, Anthony, 369, 384
Morris, Gouverneur, 27, 40, 45, 150, 189, 198, 225, 230, 239, 356
Morris, Lewis, 24
Morris, Nancy, 356
Morris, Robert, 76, 85
Morris, Roger, 47
Morris-Jumel house-museum, 47, 138, 143
Mount Vernon, 96, 111–13, 118–20, 119, 121, 124–25, 143, 175, 176, 177–79, 180, 186–87, 197, 209, 211–13, 216–18, 290, 317, 351
in American Revolution, 165, 167–68
Washington’s values expressed through, 13, 112, 119–20
“Mr. Madison’s War,” 389
Muhlenberg, Frederick, 291
mules, Washington’s breeding of, 179
Murray, Lindley, 222
mutiny, 171–72
national bank, 192, 193, 284–86, 290, 391, 398
debate over, 286–90, 358, 361–62
National Gazette, 194, 289, 358
National Intelligencer, 382
National Park Service, Grange restoration by, 296–98
Navy, British, see Royal Navy
navy, colonial, 72, 78
Navy, U.S., 211, 385, 391, 398
War of 1812 successes of, 392–94, 397–98
Nazis, 6, 220
“Necessary and Proper” clause, 359–60
Nelson, Lord, 321, 386
neutrality:
moral dilemma of, 231–33
Washington’s proclamation of, 49, 198–99, 204, 205, 258, 370–71
New Amsterdam, 270
Newburgh, New York, 171–72, 179
Newfoundland, Grand Banks fishery at, 238, 245–46
New Jersey, in American Revolution, 139–50, 158–61, 229, 230
New Orleans, battle at, 397
newspapers, magazines, 22, 77, 86
American Revolution promoted in, 17–18, 73, 75
journalistic and political tradition of, 23–24
partisan, 191, 194, 259, 289, 363, 380
see also free press
Newton, Isaac, 306, 314, 318, 349
New Year’s Day celebrations, 382, 383
New York:
in American Revolution, 131–32, 133–40, 167, 174, 227–28
British soldiers quartered in, 68
Dutch culture of, 18, 20, 270–71, 275
roots of American Revolution in, 18
War of 1812 in, 392, 394
New York, N.Y., 22–23, 170, 220, 222, 248, 268, 296
British invasion and occupation of, 137–39, 141, 142, 144, 151, 157, 164, 165, 227–28, 229, 272, 275, 276
fire in, 253
rebuilding of, 276
religious diversity of, 32
as seat of U.S. government, 79, 187, 189, 190, 254, 284, 351
squalid politics of, 30
Stamp Act rioting in, 223–24, 228
tea dumping in, 225
as Washington’s goal, 164, 165, 167
New-York Evening Post (later New York Post), 293, 294
New-York Gazette, 41, 222–23
New-York Journal, 230
New York Manumission Society, 260, 287
New York Society Library, 38
New-York Weekly Journal, 23, 24
New York Weekly Post-Boy, 23
Niagara, New York, 392
North, Lord, 77, 131, 157
North American Land Company, 85
Northwest Indian War, 256–58
Northwest Ordinance (1787), 80, 84
nullification debate, 362–66
Oceana (J. Harrington), 21
Of Pride, arising from Riches and Prosperity (W. Livingston), 23
Ohio Company, 55, 62, 80
Ohio territory, 55, 62–63, 118, 206, 243, 246
Washington’s missions in, 99–109
Olive Branch Petition, 71, 226
Oneidas, 331–32
On Liberty (J. S. Mill), 365
oppression:
American aversion to, 7–9, 11, 18, 21, 27, 36, 64, 69, 183, 248, 278, 309, 325–26
anarchy and, 229
majorities and, 340
religious, 5–6, 18, 33–34, 38
Orange County Committee of Safety, 324
Oswald, Richard, 244–48
Packenham, Edward, 397
Paine, Thomas, 134–35, 143–44, 229, 236
paper money, 62, 121, 192, 284–85, 328, 334, 340
Continental, 159–61
Paradise, 52
Paris, Treaty of (1783), 12, 79, 171, 174, 204, 240–49, 255, 256, 330–31, 333
partisanship, 191–96, 199–200, 201, 205, 210
patriotism, Washington on, 209–11
Paulus Hook (later Jersey City), N.J., 81
Payne, Anna, 371
Payne, John, 369
Peale, Charles Willson, 82, 137, 142, 368
Peale, James, 142
pêle-mêle rule, 379
penal reform, 260
Pendleton, Edmund, 125
Pennsylvania, 69, 108, 141, 144, 202–3, 234, 258, 323, 335, 371
Pennsylvania Gazette, 195
Pennsylvania Journal, 144
Pennsylvania Packet, 330
Perry, Oliver Hazard, 393
Philadelphia, Pa., 18, 25, 68, 70, 71, 76, 78, 125, 140, 151–52, 154, 156, 160, 193, 231, 235, 236, 269, 369
Constitutional Convention in, 181
mass grave at, 155
as seat of government, 32, 192, 198, 199, 254, 257, 284, 328
Philadelphia Associators, 136–37, 143–44, 147, 154
Philipse, Frederick, 220–21
Philosophic Solitude (W. Livingston), 28, 45, 47
Phoenix, 135
Pickering, Timothy, 268, 273
Pilgrims, 5, 70, 221
pirates, 19, 220, 317, 385, 393, 397, 398
Pitt, William, the Elder, 8, 62–64, 107
Pittsburgh, Pa., 63, 99, 202
politics, as topic of publications, 30
Pope, Alexander, 20, 21, 28, 30, 74, 349–50
Portsmouth, N.H., 214–15
Potomac River, 50, 54–55, 59, 84, 86, 94, 95, 112, 116, 118, 119, 192, 206, 284, 355
canal plan for, 180–81
Potowmack Company, 84
Powel,
Elizabeth, 195, 201, 288
powers, of U.S. government, 9
Presbyterians, 5, 18, 20, 22, 29, 32, 165, 322
Prescott, William, 128
“Presidentess,” 382
President’s House (later White House), 377–79, 382
Princeton, N.J., 149–50, 272
Princeton college, 18, 51, 66, 269, 322, 356, 358, 367
prisons, 260
prison ships, 139
privateers, 198, 199, 220, 256
profiteering, 76, 78, 160
property, 6–8, 24
Protestantism, 5, 220, 269
Provincial Congress, 228
public opinion, 134, 259–60, 397–98
Quakers (Friends), 5, 32, 49, 137, 139, 269, 270, 327, 369, 370, 394
Quartering Act (1765), 68
Quebec, Canada, 63
Rabelais, François, 321
Raleigh Tavern, 123
Randolph, Edmund, 80, 182, 258, 336, 356, 361, 389, 390, 400
Rapin, Paul de, 41–42
Rappahannock River, 50
Rayneval, Joseph-Matthias Gérard de, 243, 245–46
Read, George, 345
Reflections on the Revolution in France (E. Burke), 207
Reign of Terror, 201–2, 258, 292, 319, 362
“reign of witches,” 262
religion:
in antislavery argument, 62
as basis of college education, 32–33, 38
in colonization, 6, 7
in government, 207–9, 252–53
separation of state and, 326–27
Washington on, 207–9
religious persecution, 5–6, 18, 33–34, 220–21, 233, 267, 270, 323
Report on a National Bank (A. Hamilton), 284
Report on Manufacturers (A. Hamilton), 281
Report on Public Credit (A. Hamilton), 283, 284, 354
republicanism, 21, 29, 36, 38,
Republicanism, 203, 356
Dolley Madison’s civilizing of, 381–83
incivility of, 377–79, 381
rural sentimentality of, 357
Republicans, 12, 86, 382, 384, 393
ascendancy of, 293, 375, 384, 389
disparagement of, 371
Federalists vs., 86–87, 196, 259, 287–90, 362–63, 380, 381
founding of, 196
France supported by, 196, 199, 205, 211, 256, 258, 259, 288, 330, 362, 370–71, 379, 390, 399
western, 389
Resolves of Suffolk County, 70–71
Restoration, 52
Revere, Paul, 65, 71, 173
Reynolds, Maria, 290–92, 294
Rhode Island, 39, 69, 168, 208
rights:
American defense of, 27, 30
to free speech, 24–27
to free thought, 21, 34, 37–38, 322–24, 353
to jury trial, 24–27, 40–42, 69, 226, 326, 353
natural, 4, 21, 26–27, 34, 38, 124, 309, 311, 325–26
property, 6–8, 24, 26, 36–37, 226, 338, 343–44, 349
questioning of extent of, 43–44
religious, 5–6, 21, 30, 32–34, 37, 207–9, 270, 323–24, 326–27
states vs. federal, 234, 249–50, 276, 280, 289, 344–46, 348–49, 351, 353, 359, 362–66, 385
rioting, 42–43
Rivington, James, 278
Robbins, Caroline, 74
Robertson, Donald, 322
Robespierre, Maximilien, 10, 202
Robinson, Beverly, 231–32
Robinson, John, 62
Rochambeau, Comte de, 164, 166–68, 170, 274
Rose, 135
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 209
Royal Gift (jackass), 179
Royal Navy, 19, 133–36, 138, 139, 168, 227, 229, 386
attacks on American shipping by, 386–87
impressment of sailors by, 204, 256, 259, 387, 389, 397
in War of 1812, 393
Royal Society, 73–74
Rush, Benjamin, 260
Russia, pogroms in, 6
Russian Revolution, American Revolution compared to, 3–4
Rye, N.Y., 221, 223, 228, 263
Saint Croix, 267–69, 272, 281
St. Matthew’s Church, 253
Salomon, Haym, 328–29
salutary neglect, 57
Sandwich, Lord, 74
San Lorenzo, Treaty of (1795), 205–6
Saratoga, N.Y., battles at, 77, 152, 157, 236
Savage, 165
Savannah, Ga., 164
Schuyler, Philip, 265, 275
Scott, John Morin, 29
Scott, Marion du Pont, 374
Scott, Randolph, 374
Scott, Winfield, 391–92
secession, 366, 388
Second Continental Congress, 71, 125–26, 226–27
Second Treatise (J. Locke), 21
Senate, U.S., 81, 205
role of, 342–47
Senecas, 99
“Sentinel” (W. Livingston), 41–42
separation of church and state, 326–27
separation of powers, 80–81
Seven Years’ War, see French and Indian War
Shays’s Rebellion, 180–81, 196, 341
Shelburne, Lord, 64–65, 73, 244–47
Sherman, Roger, 345
shipping crisis, 386–89
Shirley Plantation, 56–57, 85, 119
Sidney, Algernon, 21, 41
signaling, ship-to-ship, 134
Simcoe, John Graves, 256, 257
“Skinners,” 229
Slaughter-House Cases, 353
slavery, slaves, 66, 83, 267, 321, 323, 351, 357, 400
abolition of, 214, 215, 260, 264, 287, 314, 349, 369
in British army, 170
counted as three-fifths of a person, 347–48
freed by British troops, 165, 205, 259, 287
home construction by, 57
Jay on, 260
Jefferson’s dilemma of, 313–17, 320
as North vs. South issue, 287, 347, 366
opposition to, 30, 61–62, 72, 79, 80, 213, 260
revolts, 361
voting rights and, 44
Washington’s evolving stance on, 94, 116, 165, 178, 212, 213–16
in Western territories, 80
see also Hemings, Sally
slave trade, 52, 61, 212, 220, 268, 314
smallpox, 111, 170, 221
Smith, Adam, 109, 349
Smith, Margaret Bayard, 382
Smith, Robert, 390
Smith, William, Jr., 25, 26, 29, 40
Smith, William, Sr., 23–27, 29, 34
smugglers, 41
Socrates, 343
Sons of Liberty, 42–43
South Carolina, 365
Soviet Union, 3, 9
Spain:
and France, 237–40, 242, 391
jackass as gift from, 179
Jay’s diplomatic mission to, 236–40, 333
in Mississippi Valley, 203, 205, 209, 239, 242, 333
in support of American Revolution, 51, 76, 162, 236, 238, 272
in Treaty of Paris negotiations, 241–45
U.S. foreign policy toward, 378–79, 385
Spaulding, Stephen, 298
Spectator (J. Addison and R. Steele), 21, 29–30, 349
spies, espionage, 362–363
Jay and, 228–33
Spy, The (J. F. Cooper), 229
Stalin, Joseph, 200
Stamp Act (1765), 8, 37, 42–43, 44, 66–67, 121, 122, 222–23
Stamp Act Congress, 222–23, 254
Star Chamber, 26, 42
“Star-Spangled Banner, The” (F. S. Key), 397
State Department, U.S., 390
State of the Union address, first, 184
states, limited powers of, 276, 280
Steele, Richard, 21, 29–30, 96
Steuben, Friedrich Wilhelm von, 156, 158, 159, 174
Stevens, Edward, 268, 269
Stevens, Thomas, 268
Stor
ke, Betsy McCarty, 88–89
Storke, Henry D., 89
Stratford Hall, 11, 50, 54–61, 56, 63, 71, 73, 75, 83, 85–86, 88–89, 119
Stratford Landing, 59
Stuart, Gilbert, 199–200
Stuyvesant, Peter, 270
suffrage:
for African Americans, 44
universal, 43–44
for women, 44
Sugar Act (1764), 41, 66, 69
Sukey (maid), 321
Sulgrave Manor, 113
Summary View of the Rights of British America (T. Jefferson), 309
Summerson, John, 56
Supreme Court, U.S., 353
“swagger” houses, 56
Talleyrand, Prince de, 292
Tappan Zee, 135, 228
Tarleton, “Bloody” Banastre, 165
Tatler (J. Addison and R. Steele), 21
taxation:
in constitution, 280
cutting of, 385
evasion of, 41, 226
necessity of, 162, 163, 310–11, 328, 333, 355, 398
raising of, 389, 391, 393
redistributive, 251
and religious freedom, 32, 34, 327, 342
without representation or consent, 37, 42, 43, 64, 69, 124, 222
in roots of American Revolution, 8, 123–24
of slave trade, 61
see also Boston Tea Party; Whiskey Rebellion; specific taxes
tea, taxation of, 65, 69
tempietto, 373
Temple of Virtue, 172–73
Tennent, Gilbert, 22
Tenth Amendment, 361
Thanksgiving, 190
Thornton, William, 373
Thoughts on Government (Adams), 343
Thunderbolt, 259
Tilghman, Tench, 161, 177
Time Machine, The (H. G. Wells), 313
tobacco, 52, 53, 116, 122, 400, 401
Lee family’s wealth in, 58–59, 66
Todd, John, 369–70
Todd, John Payne, 369–70, 375, 401
Toleration Act (1689), 33
Tories, 29, 32, 36
Townshend Acts (1767), 68–69, 73, 122
Trafalgar, Nelson’s victory at, 386
Trenchard, John, 23, 30, 36, 41, 44, 355
Trenton, N.J., 141, 148, 150, 172
battle at, 143–47, 146, 272
Trevelyan, G. O., 147
trials:
Cunningham-Forsey, 41, 42
nonjury issue in, 24–27, 40–42, 69
Zenger, 24–27, 29, 39–40, 41, 47
triangle trade, 268
Trilling, Lionel, 126
Trinity Church, 253
Trumbull, John, 146, 262
Tryon, William, 227, 229
Turreau, Louis-Marie, 377
two-party system, 288
Two Treatises of Government (J. Locke), 21
United States:
framing of government of, 337–39
Treaty of Paris recognition of, 244–47
violent and uncivil image of, 381–82
United States, 393
