Dancing With the Devil in the City of God: Rio De Janeiro on the Brink
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death rate for young men in, 24n4
natural beauty of, 8, 147–48
population growth in, 149
Barra Golden Green, 148
Barraqueiros, 4
Barreto, Leidemar, 100–101
Batan, 242
Batista, Eike, 99, 239–43
Batista, Olin, 240
Batista, Thor, 240
Beaches, 149. See also specific beaches
Beagle (ship), 128
Beco das Sardinhas, 178
Belgium, 271
Belo Horizonte, 272
Beltrame, José Mariano, 33–41, 43–46
Alemão raid and, 59, 66, 69
background of, 33
press conference called by, 44
on reclaiming territory from gangs, 33–40
reforms instituted by, 260
Vila Cruzeiro raid and, 45–46
Bira (taxi driver), 46–47, 48, 49, 112–13, 114
Birth control, 180–81
Bishop, Elizabeth, 127n1
Bittar, Jorge, 205–6, 223
BlackRock, 241
Blanchette, Thaddeus, 171–73, 177–80
Blatter, Joseph (“Sepp”), xviii
Blocos, 164
Bocas, 57
Bocas de fumo, 22
Bolinhos de bacalhau, 73
Bolsa Família, 78, 101, 181
Bonaparte, Napoleon, 5
BOPE, 27, 40, 46, 49, 261
Bossa nova, 3
Botafogo, 38, 147, 211
Botafogo Bay/Cove, 127, 128–29
Botafogo Mamutes, 263
BP, 237
Brasília, 7, 211
Brazilian Association of Investigative Journalism, 231
Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, 152
Buarque, Chico, 165
Bullet train, 258–59
Burchett, Wilfred G., 18n2
Bureaucracy, 87–91, 243
Bus driver stoppage, 266
Bus fare hike, 231, 257
Bush, George W., 70, 74, 75
Businesses, 91–95
Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system, 149–50
Cable television, 102
Cabral, Sérgio, 32–33
Batista and, 241
decreased approval ratings, 234
the economy and, 80–81
favela removal program and, 211, 213, 215–16
gay rights and, 185
Vila Cruzeiro raid and, 45, 46
Cachaça, 52, 112
Caimans. See Jacarés
Cajú, 245–46, 248
Cajú Beach, 248
Câmara de Vereadores, 131
Cameroon, 273–74
Camila (intern), 150, 157–58, 160
Candelária Cathedral, 264
Cândido Mendes Penal Institute, 15–19, 23
Cantagalo, 216n2
Carbonic gas, 121
Cardoso, Fernando Henrique, 74, 77, 243
Carioca Living. See Morar Carioca
Carioca River. See Rio Carioca
Cariocas
affability of, 89–90
beach culture influence on, 130
crime-induced restrictions on, 21, 30
defined, xxi
environmental awareness and, 117, 123–25
networking in, 84
origin of term, 130
resilience of, 115
sexual attitudes of, 167
vigilantism in, 264–65
Carioca Tannery, 21
Carnaval, 86, 93, 113, 164–66, 168, 181, 241, 259, 281
Carnaval Without Prejudice campaign, 185
Cartórios, 89
Carvalho, Marcos, 190–91
Castro, Jane di, 184
Castro, Kátia, 97–98
Catacumba, 208–9, 214–15, 224
Catadores, 119–23
Catanduvas Federal Penitentiary, 34
Catholicism, 180, 185, 276
Caveiras, 27
Caveirões, 46, 261
Ceará, 98
Cell phones, 102, 133
Centaurus, 172, 176
Cerro Corá, 139–40
César, Júlio, 274, 275, 277
C40 Cities, 202
Chapéu Mangueira, 23
Chatuba, 52
Chevron, 237
Chile, 271, 272, 274–75
Chimarrão, 45
China, 235
Brazilian exports to, xxi, 77
oil production in, 238
Olympic Games in, xv
CHISAM, 207–9
Christ the Redeemer (statue). See Cristo
Cidade de Deus, 209, 219
Cidade maravilhosa, 116, 208
“Cidade Maravilhosa” (unofficial anthem), xviii
Cidade partida, 21, 215
City of God. See Cidade de Deus
Civil Police, 40n3
Clara (author’s niece), 67
CNOOC, 238
CNPC, 238
Coaracy, Vivaldo, 169, 170
Cocaine, 22–23
Colombia, 271, 275–76
Comando Vermelho. See Red Command
Complexo do Alemão. See Alemão
Computers, 102
Comunidade, 215
Condomínios, 8, 147, 159, 220, 223
Confederations Cup, 232, 243, 269
Confeitaria Colombo, 170
Congress, 77
Constitution, 85, 184n1, 188, 204
Construction, 145–63, 201
environmental impact of disregarded, 153–54
for Olympics, 152, 153–56, 158
for Pan-American Games, 151–53
spot compliance checks on, 159
water pollution and, 158–60
Convivência, 169–70
Copacabana, 2, 24, 116, 191, 267
Olympic competitions in, 149
prostitution in, 170, 176
real estate prices in, 84
World Cup and, 272–73
Copacabana Beach, xiv, xviii, xix, 124
Corcovado Mountain, 48, 132
Corrêa, Luiz Fernando, 36
Corruption, 26, 33, 76–77, 176, 232
Cosigners (rental contract), 88
Cosme Velho, 136
Cosmos, 203, 204
Costa Rica, 271
Coufal, Gilberto, 208
Crack cocaine, 9, 204
Credit cards, 79, 100, 102
Crime, 262–65. See also Gangs; Police; Violence
decrease in, 260
rise in, 8–10
vigilante justice for, 264–65
Cris (prostitute), 175
Cristo (statue), 3, 30, 38, 48, 50, 75, 84, 116, 119, 128, 131, 132, 135, 170, 232, 277, 282
Croatia, 267, 269–71, 275
Cruz, Alexandre, 245–49
Currency, 7, 72, 74, 233
Curtume Carioca, 21
Custo Brasil, 91
Cyanobacteria, 134, 159
Darlington, Shasta, xix
Darwin, Charles, 128, 132, 135, 142
David, Jacques-Louis, 120
Davida (prostitutes’ rights organization), 171, 178
Death of Marat, The (David), 120
Dedo de Deus, 104
Democracy, xvii, 7, 243
Demonstrations. See Protests
Deodoro, 149
Deutsche Bank, 224n1
Devil’s Cauldron. See Cândido Mendes Penal Institute
Dia, O, 209
Diego (“Mr. M.”; Red Command member), 51–52, 57, 60–66
origin of nickname, 61
post-gang life of, 262–63
shooting of, 63
slide into gang life, 61–63
surrender to police, 65–66
Dirceu, José, 77
Divorce, 181
Dois Irmãos peaks, 4, 90, 116
Dolphins, 142
Domestic violence, 182
Dona Nilza, 51–52, 57, 60–62, 64–66, 263
Donos do morro, 25, 39, 63, 262
Drug trafficking, 8–9, 15, 22–23, 26, 45. See also Gangs
Duarte, Marco Aurélio, 26
Duarte, Maria Luíza, 26
Duarte, Mário Sérgio, 29, 40, 44
Alemão raid and, 59–60, 68
police misconduct and, 260–61
relationship with Red Command, 25–28
Vila Cruzeiro raid and, 45
Duarte, Viviane, 26
Eco-barriers, 143
Economist, The, xiv, 75, 232
Economy, 72–86
austerity measures, 74
collapse of, 7–8, 244
consumption and, 74, 79–80
cost of living and, 72–73
energy policy mismanagement and, 235–36
favelas affected by, 95–103
foreign investment and, xxi, 74–75, 81, 82
GDP, 78–79, 81, 91, 242
global, xv-xvi
government intervention in, 7, 238–39
growth of, xxi-xxii, 74–75, 77–83
slowdown in, 232, 234, 238–39, 242–44, 257–58
Education, 85, 102, 234, 235, 238, 243–44
Electricity
access to, 133
price of, 257
Eletrobras, 239
Elizabeth II, Queen of England, 172
Emperor’s bathhouse, 248–49
Employment, 79, 214, 232
Engenhão, 149, 151–52
Environment, 116–29, 258, 259. See also Construction; Water pollution
air pollution, 125–26
fines for offenses, 124–25, 159
public attitudes toward, 117, 123–25
waste management and, 117–23
E.On, 241
Escadinha (drug kingpin), 9
Estádio Municipal/Estádio Jornalista Mário Filho. See Maracanã Stadium
Estádio Olímpico João Havelange. See Engenhão
Estado de S. Paulo, 222
Eternit tanks, 96
ExxonMobil, 237, 241
Family Purse. See Bolsa Família
Favela-Bairro, 209
Favela removal program, 199–218, 258. See also Vila Autódromo
alternative to proposed, 209
compensation for residents, 203
historical perspective on, 206–10
impact on residents, 203
official justifications for, 202, 206, 209
resettlement of residents, 203, 208, 209, 213–14
resistance among residents, 204, 210–13, 214–15
for Vila do Pan, 152n1, 222
Favelas. See also Favela removal program
attitudes toward police in, 69–70
conditions in, 21
crime in, 8–9
economic changes in, 95–103
first recognized, 207
number of in Rio, 201
population growth in, 201, 207
real estate values in, 95–96, 201, 209, 214
stigma attached to, 208
tenuous existence of, 207
Favela to Neighborhood, 209
Federal Highway Police, 46
Federal Police, 33, 36
Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), xviii, 232, 252, 254, 255, 256, 267, 269
Felipe (AP photographer), 49, 106–7, 109, 113–14
Ferreira, Seu, 65
Fertility rate, 180
FIFA. See Fédération Internationale de Football Association
Fitch, 74
Flamengo (club), 255
Flamengo (neighborhood), 136, 138, 147, 242
gang activity in, 13
Olympic competitions in, 149
pollution in, 126–29, 134
Flamengo Beach, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 133, 136
Flora (AP employee), 49
Fluminense, 130
Fluminense swallowtail butterfly, 155
Fogueteiros, 22, 64
Fome Zero, 78
Foreign investment, xxi, 74–75, 81, 82
Forests, clear-cutting of, 117, 132
Formula 1 race track, 219, 220
Fortaleza, 266
France, 238
Freitas, Ricardo, 145–46, 150–51, 153–54, 156–57, 160–63
Futebol. See Soccer
Futebol arte, 250–51, 276, 279
Gadhafi, Muammar, 6
Gambiarras, 257
Gangs, 262–63. See also Red Command
reclaiming territory from, 37–41
UPP bases attacked by, 262
“war” against, 28–29, 36, 48
Gated communities, 6, 8, 83, 147, 217
Gay pride parade, 168, 188
Gays. See LGBT population
GDP, 78–79, 81, 91, 242
Gender relations. See Women
General Electric, 241
Genoino, José, 77
Gentrification, 201, 258
Germany
tax burden in, 91
World Cup and, 276–79, 280, 281
Getúlio Vargas State Hospital, 35–36, 50, 63
“Girl from Ipanema” (song), 3
Glauco, Wesley, 35
Globo (studio), 167
Globo, O (newspaper), 12, 20, 29, 48
Golf course (Olympic), 154–56, 163, 222
Gondola systems, 216n2, 262
Grael, Axel, 144
Grael, Lars, 144
Grael, Martine, 144
Grael, Torben, 144
Gramacho, 118–23, 143
Grant, Oscar, 53–54
Grota, 35
Growth Acceleration Program, 243
Grupo Gay da Bahia, 184, 186n2
Guajajara, 210
Guanabara Bay, 2, 106, 116, 126, 130, 143, 244
Darwin’s stop in, 128
pollution of, 118, 119, 144, 259
Guanabara Palace, 32, 45
Guarani, 210
Guararapes, 136, 138, 139, 140, 142
Guerrilla Warfare (Guevara), 18n2
Guevara, Ernesto Che, 18n2
Guimarães, Altair, 219–20, 223
Havaianas, 3
Health care, 85, 188, 234, 235, 238
Health Ministry, 187
Help! (discothèque), 171, 172, 173, 179
Hepatitis A, 160
Herrera, Miguel, 271
Hidden costs of living, 85, 91
History of Portuguese America (Rocha Pita), 141
Homophobia, 165, 167, 168, 169, 184
Hosts of Cosme Velho. See Anfitriões do Cosme Velho
Hotel Glória, 241, 242
Hotel Paris, 171, 172, 178
Housing market, 74, 75, 80. See also Apartments
Housing projects, 208, 209, 214, 222–23, 224
Howard, Tim, 271
Humaitá, 147
Human rights organizations, 36
Hunger, 103
Hussein, Saddam, 5
Hyperinflation, 74
IAB, 221
IBM, 241
IHS, 238
Ilha Grande, 15, 106. See also Cândido Mendes Penal Institute
Immigr
ation, 92–94
Inalva (Vila Autódromo resident), 225
India, 91
Indian Museum, 211
Indigenous people, 210–14
INEA, 133
Inequality, 201
Inflation, 74, 77, 232, 238–39, 257
Inhaúma, 244–49
Institute of Brazilian Architects, 215, 216
Instituto de Segurança Pública, 40
Instituto Jacaré, 150
Instituto Pereira Passos, 149
Instituto Trata Brasil, 135
Inter-American Development Bank, 81, 202
Interest rates, 79, 80, 236, 257
International Finance Corporation, 91
International Monetary Fund, xiv
International Olympic Committee (IOC), xv, xvii, xviii, xix, 126, 154, 205, 221
Ipanema, 24, 85–86, 116, 241
businesses in, 91
described, 2–4
Olympic competitions in, 148
real estate prices in, 83, 84, 201
Iran, 5
Iraq, 5–6, 46, 47, 70
Itanhangá, 154n2
Jacarepaguá, 12, 146, 149, 158
Jacarepaguá lagoon, 219, 220, 228
Jacarés, 145–47, 150, 155, 160–63
capture-inflicted injuries in, 156–57
description of, 145
skewed sex distribution in, 161–62
Jackson, Michael, 38n2, 97
Japan, xiv, xv, xvi, xvii-xviii, 244
Jardim Botânico, 147
Jeitinho, 89, 251, 276, 282
João V, Dom (king), 140
João VI, Dom (emperor), 246
Joaquim de Queiroz, 67
Jobim, Tom, 2–3, 87, 116
Jogo bonito, 279
Jogo de cintura, 76, 251
Jornal do Brasil, 23, 208
Josiane (favela resident), 69
Justice Tribunal, 183, 190
Kaczmarkiewicz, Leonard (“Alemão”), 22
Kaingangue, 210
Kazakhstan, 235
Keys, Alicia, 95
Kidnappings, 8
Korea, xv
Kuwait, 5, 6
Lacerda, Carlos, 207
Lagoa, 3, 219, 228
Lanchonete, 92
Landfills, 117–23
Lapa, 2, 191, 192, 195, 196, 197, 201
Laranjeiras, 136
Largo do Boticário, 137
Largo do Coqueiro, 63
Lea T. (travesti), 191–92
Leblon, 2, 24, 91, 135, 208
Lee, Spike, 38n2
Lei de Segurança Nacional, 17
Leite, Gabriela, 178
Leopoldina, Princess, 211
Leper colony, 214
Levy, Joaquim, 81
LGBT population, 183–98
government defense of rights, 184–85
homophobia toward, 165, 167, 168, 169, 184
marriage in, 183–84, 185, 189–90
tourism and, 165–68
violence against, 168, 169, 184, 185–86
Libra auction, 235, 236–39
Libya, 6, 235
Linha Amarela, 22