Washington University, St. Louis, MO, University Libraries, Department of Special Collections: Arthur Holly Compton Personal Papers.
Yale University, Sterling Library: Dean G. Acheson Papers; Walter Lippmann Papers; Henry L. Stimson Papers.
ORAL HISTORY TRANSCRIPTS
American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library, College Park, MD: Niels Bohr; Robert F. Bacher; Paul D. Bartlett.
Columbia University Oral History Research Office Collection: Paul Buck; Harvey H. Bundy; Vannevar Bush; James B. Conant; John W. Gardner; William L. Lawrence; Henry L. Stimson; Henry A. Wallace.
Princeton University, John Foster Dulles Oral History Project: James B. Conant.
RADIO AND TELEVISION
CBS News Archives, CBS News Reference Library, New York: James B. Conant interview transcripts and DVDs, CBS Reports, Face the Nation, Person to Person, See It Now.
INDEX
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A note about the index: The pages referenced in this index refer to the page numbers in the print edition. Clicking on a page number will take you to the ebook location that corresponds to the beginning of that page in the print edition. For a comprehensive list of locations of any word or phrase, use your reading system’s search function.
Aberdeen Proving Ground, 65
Absolute Weapon, The: Atomic Power and World Order (Brodie), 375
Acheson, Dean, 194, 196, 365, 368, 371, 393, 404, 428–31, 434, 437, 438, 449
Acheson-Lilienthal Report, 366–67, 369, 370, 404
Adams, Mrs. Charles Francis III, 149–50
Adams, Roger, 55, 64, 79, 99, 104, 193, 460
A.D. Club, 37
Adenauer, Konrad, 446, 450, 453, 454, 461, 462, 466–68
Adler, Julius Ochs, 437
Advisory Committee on Uranium, 215
Agar, Henry, 196
Akers, Wallace T., 257, 282–84, 286, 287
Alamogordo Army Air Base, 321, 325, 331–35
Allied Expeditionary Force, 306
Allison, Samuel, 334, 336, 351
Alperovitz, Gar, 391
Alsop, Joseph, 195–96, 451
Alsop, Stewart, 451–52
Alvarez, Luis, 310, 321, 419, 426
Amerasia magazine, 415
America First Committee, 202, 210
American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 110
American Ambulance Field Service, 54
American Chemical Society (ACS), 79, 105, 120
American Civil War, 17, 18, 20
American Education and International Tensions (Education Policies Commission), 417
American High School Today, The: A First Report to Interested Citizens (Conant), 478
American Red Cross, 48, 199
American University Experimental Station (AUES), 64, 72, 74
Amherst College, 152
Anchor Ranch, Los Alamos, 298
Anderson, Oscar E., Jr., 287, 357
Anderson, Sir John, 282, 284, 286
Angell, James, 147, 148, 156
Anglo-American-Canadian atomic energy summit, 358
Anne (ship), 16
Anschluss, 163
anti-Semitism, 142, 143, 161, 197, 267
Argonne Forest Preserve, 256, 257, 259
arms race, 314, 315, 324, 340, 351, 354, 355, 357, 361, 376, 421, 431, 457, 472
Army Alpha test, 132
Arneson, R. Gordon, 387
arsenic, 67, 68, 71
Articles of Agreement, 287
Ashmont, Massachusetts, 13, 19, 21, 23, 34
Association of Los Alamos Scientists, 351
Astor, John Jacob IV, 33
Atlanta Constitution, 403
Atlantic Monthly, 276–78, 385–86, 410, 445
atomic bomb, 3–10, 198, 220, 228–34, 237, 239–44, 250–75, 300–303, 308–14, 316–19, 323–29, 331–36, 337–43, 347–50
Bikini Atoll tests, 373, 410
Fat Man bomb, 299, 311, 323, 338, 341
Hiroshima, 3, 9, 329, 337–39, 339n, 341, 351, 352, 356, 361, 376–78, 381, 382n, 383, 390
Hollywood movie on, 380–81, 386
implosion program, 309–11, 320, 321, 323, 335, 341
international inspection and control policy, 313–19, 323, 324, 343, 358–59, 364–67, 369–71, 374–76, 378, 381, 389, 396–97, 403, 419, 422
Little Boy bomb, 311, 336, 341
and Los Alamos laboratory, 269, 271–74, 283, 291–303, 308–14, 320–22, 332, 351, 438, 455–56
Nagasaki, 7, 341, 342, 350, 351, 377, 378, 381, 382n, 384, 387, 390, 391
and post-atomic reactions, 347–56, 383–85
and public backlash, 376–85
radiation poisoning, 376–77
Soviet, 421–22
Stagg Field demonstration, 258, 259
Thin Man test dummy, 299, 308
Trinity test, 321, 322, 330–36, 338, 381, 419
Atomic Development Authority, 365, 366
atomic energy, 3, 5, 7, 184–86, 215, 219–20, 283, 286, 339, 340, 347, 351, 352, 353, 354–57, 359, 361, 396–98
Atomic Energy Act of 1946, 356
Atomic Energy Commission (AEC), 356, 361, 367, 369, 375–76, 396, 397
creation of, 7, 371
General Advisory Committee (GAC), 374, 403–7, 422–32, 438
and Oppenheimer’s security hearing, 455–61
Atomic Energy for Military Purposes (Smyth), 314
Atomic Pioneer Award, 493
atomic weights, 43, 82
Attlee, Clement, 340, 359
Auchincloss, Louis, 495
Austrian Peace Treaty, 463
B. F. Goodrich Company, 79
Babbitt, Irving, 39, 108
Bacher, Robert F., 272, 294, 310
Bailey Street School, Massachusetts, 20
Bainbridge, Kenneth, 321
Baldwin, Hanson, 340, 356
Balfour, Lord, 339
Ballou’s Monthly, 18
Baltimore-News American, 493
Baltimore Sun, 139
Bancroft, W. D., 73
Bard, Ralph A., 323, 329n
Barnard, Chester, 365
Barnes, Clarence, 416
Bartlett, Paul D., 106–7, 110–11, 198
Baruch, Bernard, 246–48, 313, 367–70, 372–76, 386, 421, 432
Bataan Death March, 342
Battle of Britain, 199, 221
Baxter, G. P., 64
Baxter, James Phinney III, 11, 242
Beach, Mrs., 127
Beams, Jesse, 232
Beck Hall, Harvard University, 33
Beer Hall Putsch, 101
Beginning or the End, The (movie), 380–81, 386–87
Bell Labs, 425
Benchley, Robert, 40
Bender, William, 132
Bentley, Elizabeth, 412
Berenson, Bernard, 81
Bergmann, Max, 143–44
Berle, A. A., 451
Berle, Adolf, Jr., 149
Berlin, 444, 445, 447–49, 452, 465, 466, 480–81
Berlin Airlift, 400, 401, 411
Berlin Conference, 453, 454
Berlin Wall, 487, 488
crisis of 1948, 400, 440, 445
Bernstein, Barton J., 385, 391
Bernstein, Jeremy, 304
Bethe, Hans, 267, 268, 273, 295, 296, 303–4, 309, 332, 333, 424, 425
Bethe, Rose, 273
Bevin, Ernest, 2, 394
Bhagavad Gita, 350
Big Test, The: The Secret History of the American Meritocracy (Lemann), 133
Bikini Atoll tests, 373, 410
biological warfare, 318–19, 410, 477
Bismarck (German battleship), 223
Black, Newton Henry, 24–29, 31, 41–43, 54, 60, 87
Blatt, Albert Harold, 108
Bletchley Park, London, 290
Bliss, Robert Woods, 245
blitz, 217, 237, 289
Bock, Arlie Vernon, 176
Bohlen, Charles, 7
Bohr, Aage, 292, 303, 304n
> Bohr, Niels, 184, 185, 229, 230, 230n, 292, 303, 304, 315, 316, 318, 324, 340, 367
Boland, Edward P., 466
Borah, William E., 163, 169
Boston Globe, 8, 14, 71, 115, 122, 158, 171–72, 209, 224, 399, 442, 476
Boston Herald, 88, 122, 125, 141, 191, 195, 361
Boston Museum of Fine Arts, 86
Boston Post, 122
Boston Rotary Club, 399
Boston Sunday Post, 14
Bowen, Harold G., 192
Bowie, Walter Russell, 149
Boyd, Madeleine, 184
Bracken, Brendan, 216
Bradford, William, 17
Brain Waves and Death (Rich), 181–83
Brandt, Willy, 488, 490
Breuer, Marcel, 144
Brewster, Anna Richards, 86
Bricher & Conant, 18
Bridgman, Percy Williams, 106, 109, 443
Briggs, Lyman J., 215, 220, 228, 230, 231, 234, 239, 243, 252
Briggs Committee, 227
Brigham, Carl, 132
Bristol University, 212
British Expeditionary Force, 52, 188
British Technical and Scientific Mission, 200, 310
Brock, H. I., 134–35
Brodie, Bernard, 375
Bronk, Detlev W., 432
Bronze Oak Leaf Cluster, 403
Broun, Heywood, 116, 139
Brown v. Board of Education (1954), 485
Browne & Nichols, 174
Brüning, Heinrich, 145
Brussels, Belgium, 92
Bryan, William Jennings, 19
Bryant, George Bernard, 14n
Bryant, Jane Breed, 17–19
Bryant, Philip, 14n, 38
Bryant, Richard, 14n
Bryant, Seth, 17–19
Buck, Paul H., 204, 225, 237, 280
Buckley, Oliver, 425, 427
Buckley, William F., Jr., 445
Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 369
Bundy, Harvey, 237–38, 253, 286, 287, 319, 320, 382–85, 387
Bundy, McGeorge, 287, 371, 382, 387, 388, 391, 419n, 430, 442
Bureau of Chemistry, 60–61
Bureau of Mines, 64
Burns, James MacGregor, 222
Bush, Vannevar, 165, 206, 214, 218, 219, 229, 260, 282, 283, 287, 290, 291, 300, 313, 360, 361, 367, 368, 371, 372, 386, 389, 408, 410, 421, 426, 432, 457
and atomic bomb, 3, 239, 240, 242, 243, 250–55, 259, 262–67, 271, 282, 283, 302–5, 314–20, 324, 325, 328–34, 336, 340, 343, 351, 352
and atomic energy, 354–58
and Atomic Energy Commission, 374–75
and Churchill, Winston, 285–86
and Committee on the Present Danger (CPD), 435
and Committee to Strengthen the Frontiers of Freedom, 481
and Conant, James Bryant, 192, 226, 227, 351, 352, 356, 361–62, 362, 374, 375, 399, 442, 493
and gas attacks, 307–8
and interchange with Britain, 199–200
and international inspection and control policy, 319–20, 343, 353, 358–59, 364–67, 365, 366, 369–71, 374–76, 378, 381, 389, 396–97, 403, 419
and March of Time documentary, 381
and National Defense Research Committee (NDRC), 192–95, 198, 207, 208, 215
as Office of Scientific Research and Development chairman, 226
and allegations against Oppenheimer, J. Robert, 405, 456, 460
Roosevelt, key meetings with, 192, 226, 243, 315–16
and uranium program, 220, 227, 228, 231, 233, 234
and World War I, 188
Bush-Brown, Harold, 113
Bush-Brown, Marjorie Conant, 14, 20, 26, 30, 31, 39, 42, 47, 67, 96, 112–13, 120, 123, 127, 128, 174, 206, 244, 492
Business Week, 370
Butler, Nicholas Murray, 147, 148
Byrnes, James Francis, 2–5, 7, 323, 325, 326, 342, 344, 357–61, 365–68, 371, 374
California Institute of Technology (Caltech), 93, 104, 159, 236, 295
calutron, 241, 255, 259
Cambridge University, 117, 124, 146, 212, 219
Canadian Expeditionary Force, 52
Carmichael, William, 70
Carnegie, Andrew, 188
Carnegie Corporation, 414, 418, 465, 472, 478, 485, 487, 491, 492
Carnegie Institution, 188, 192, 198
Carroll, Lewis, 492
Carte Blanche exercise, 467
Century Association, 196
Century Group, 196, 212, 222
Chadwick, Sir James, 284, 287, 292
Chamberlain, Neville, 164, 188
Chambers, Whittaker, 412, 413
Chandler Medal, 93, 105
Chase, Stuart, 149
Chauncey, Henry, 132
Chemical Bulletin, 79
chemical warfare, 61–76, 102–3, 260, 410, 477
Chemical Warfare Service (CWS), 66, 68, 69, 73–76, 78, 79, 260–61
Chemistry of Organic Compounds, The (Conant and Blatt), 108
Chevalier, Haakon, 265, 405, 432, 459, 460
Chicago Tribune, 351
Children of Light and the Children of Darkness, The (Niebuhr), 379
chlorine gas, 61–63, 103
chlorophyll, 93, 95, 102, 104–5, 136
Christy, Robert, 320–21
Churchill, Clementine, 213, 214, 288, 290
Churchill, Mary, 288
Churchill, Winston, 188, 219, 221–23, 235, 276, 299, 369, 382
and atomic bomb, 340, 383, 387
and Bush, Vannevar, 285–86
and Conant, James Bryant, 213–16, 221, 288–90
and interchange with United States, 200, 209
“iron curtain” speech by, 368
and Roosevelt, Franklin D., 203, 281–88, 312, 315
Teheran conference, 312
visit to Harvard University, 288–90
CIA, 414, 418, 445, 448, 449
Claflin, William, 189
Clark, Grenville, 115, 119–21, 143, 148, 191, 196, 198, 204, 224, 345, 353, 413, 417
Clark, William, 463
Clarke, Hans, 144
Clay, Lucius D., 446
Clayton, Will, 196
Clayton, William L., 323
Cleveland, Grover, 19, 156
Cleveland Plain Dealer, 72
Clifford, Clark, 406
Clinton Engineer Works, 254n
Coe, Conway P., 192, 193
Coffin, Henry Sloane, 196
Cohen, Benjamin V., 149, 211
Cohn, Roy, 450
cold war, 375, 401, 444, 463, 480
College Entrance Examination Board, 132
Columbia University, 132, 146, 147, 184, 232, 241, 292
Combined Chiefs of Staff, 307, 308
Combined Policy Committee, 287
Committee for the Marshall Plan, 395
Committee of Eight, 171
Committee on Atomic Energy, Joint Research and Development Board, 403
Committee on Scientific Aids to Learning, 165
Committee on the Objectives of a General Education in a Free Society, 225
Committee on the Present Danger (CPD), 435–36, 437, 439, 471
Committee on the Present Danger (CPD-II), 481
Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies, 189, 190, 196, 199, 201, 202, 215
Committee to Strengthen the Frontiers of Freedom, 481
Communism, 152, 223, 264, 265, 270, 278, 368, 395, 396, 398, 401–3, 407, 412, 414–18, 439, 445, 448, 449, 455, 485
Compromised Campus: The Collaboration of Universities with the Intelligence Community, 1945–1955 (Diamond), 418
Compton, Arthur Holly, 228, 230–34, 239–42, 252, 255–59, 262–64, 266, 297, 306, 314, 325–28, 356, 371, 384, 411
Compton, Karl, 165, 166, 168, 192, 193, 198, 200, 228, 246–48, 323, 356, 357, 371, 385, 400, 429
Conant, Agnes Clarke, 15
Conant, Caleb, 16n
Conant, Ellen Psaty, 474, 483–84
Conant, Esther (sister of James Br
yant), 14, 20, 23, 31, 39, 42, 47, 96, 113, 136 112, 244, 492
Conant, Esther (wife of Thomas), 16
Conant, Grace Richards, “Patty,” 77, 95, 118, 120, 122, 187, 194, 195, 206, 234, 235, 244, 263, 290, 360, 397, 419, 433, 434, 438, 489
Conant’s courtship of, 60, 79–80, 86–90, 192
family of, 80–81, 83–85, 108, 179–80, 473, 475, 495
in Germany, 100–101, 440, 446, 462, 470
letters from husband to, 60, 64–66, 92, 104, 124, 177, 208, 213, 216–17, 220, 280, 281, 287, 291, 330–31, 390, 475–76
married life of, 90–91, 96–98, 177–78, 353, 420, 473
sons, relations with, 111–12, 159, 174–76, 346, 474–75, 482–85
temperament of, 112, 177–78, 291
as wife of Harvard president, 99, 110, 127–29, 177
and Word War II, 244, 245
Conant, James Ferguson, 484
Conant, James Bryant:
and academic freedom, 152–53, 165, 415, 416, 417, 418
administrative style of, 137, 156–57, 171
The American High School Today by, 478
ancestry of, 11–12, 14–16
and anti-Communist policy, 417–18
and anti-Semitism, 143
and atomic bomb, 3, 8–10, 15, 198, 220, 232–34, 237, 239–44, 250–67, 269–75, 281–84, 286, 291–94, 296–98, 300–303, 308–14, 316–19, 323–29, 331–36, 337–43, 347–50
and atomic energy, 184–86, 215, 347, 352, 353, 355–57, 396–98
awards, 93, 102, 105, 110, 403, 445, 482, 488–90, 493
and backlash of atomic bomb use, 377–85
birth of, 11, 19, 492
and Black, Newton Henry, 24–29, 41–42, 54, 60
and Bush, Vannevar, 192, 226, 227, 351, 352, 356, 361–62, 374, 375, 399, 442, 493
chairmanship of AEC offered to, 371–73
chemistry, introduction to, 22–23, 26–27
and chemistry education, 27–29, 31, 44–46, 52, 93–94
childhood of, 12, 19–23
chlorophyll, study of by, 93, 95, 102, 104–5, 136
and Churchill, Winston, 213–16, 221, 288–90
and Committee on the Present Danger (CPD), 435–36, 437, 439
congressional testimony of, 195, 210–11, 451
courtship of Patty by, 60, 79–80, 86–90, 192
death of, 495
and defense of atomic bomb use, 385–92
and Dulles, John Foster, 465–69
The Education of American Teachers by, 487
Education in a Divided World: The Function of the Public School in Our Unique Society by, 400, 420
education of, 14, 20–21, 23–31, 34, 35, 39–46, 50, 51, 53, 133
as educational reformer, 9, 15, 126, 129–36, 224–25, 278, 279, 400, 439, 441, 465, 472–73, 476–80, 482, 485–87
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