Working with Winston
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Milton, Giles, Churchill’s Ministry of Ungentlemanly Warfare: The Mavericks Who Plotted Hitler’s Defeat (London: John Murray, 2016)
Moody, Joanna, From Churchill’s War Rooms: Letters of a Secretary 1943–1945 (Stroud, UK: Tempus, 2008)
Moore, Charles, ‘Secrets Are Safe with the Garden Room Girls’, Telegraph (13 July 2009)
Moran, Lord, Winston Churchill: The Struggle for Survival (London: Constable, 1966)
Morton, Gill, ‘I Was Winston Churchill’s Nurse’, The Oldie (February 2018)
Mount, Ferdinand, English Voices: Lives, Landscapes, Laments (London: Simon & Schuster, 2016)
Mulley, Clare, The Spy Who Loved: The Secrets and Lives of Christine Granville (New York: St Martin’s/Dunne, 2013)
Murray, Edmund, I was Churchill’s Bodyguard (London: W. H. Allen, 1987)
Nicholson, Virginia, Millions Like Us: Women’s Lives in War and Peace, 1939–1949 (London: Viking, 2011)
Packwood, Allen, How Churchill Waged War: The Most Challenging Decisions of the Second World War (Yorkshire: Frontline Books, 2018)
Pawle, Gerald, The War and Colonel Warden: Based on the Recollections of Commander C. R. Thompson (London: George G. Harrap & Co., 1963)
Peck, John, Dublin from Downing Street (Dublin: Gill and Macmillan, 1978)
Pilpel, Robert H., Churchill in America 1895–1961 (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1976)
Plokhy, Serhii, Yalta: The Price of Peace (New York: Penguin, 2011)
Purnell, Sonia, First Lady: The Life and Wars of Clementine Churchill (London: Aurum Press, 2015)
Reash, Justin, ‘Let It Roll: Churchill’s Chartwell Cinema’, Finest Hour, No. 179, Winter 2018
Reynolds, David, In Command of History: Churchill Fighting and Writing the Second World War (London: Penguin Books, 2004)
Richardson, Charles, From Churchill’s Secret Circle to the BBC: The Biography of Lieutenant General Sir Ian Jacob GBE CB DL (Oxford: Brassey’s, 1991)
Roberts, Andrew, Hitler and Churchill: Secrets of Leadership (London: Phoenix Books, 2004)
____, The Holy Fox: A Biography of Lord Halifax (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1991)
____, Churchill: Walking with Destiny (London: Allen Lane, Penguin Books, 2018)
———, ‘Winston Churchill and Religion – A Comfortable Relationship with the Almighty’, talk delivered at 30th International Churchill Conference, Washington, DC, 1 November 2013, printed in Finest Hour, No. 163, Summer 2014
____, Winston Wept: The Extraordinary Lachrymosity and Romantic Imagination of Winston Churchill, Finest Hour, Autumn 2016
Rose, Jill, Nursing Churchill: Wartime Life from the Private Letters of Winston Churchill’s Nurse (Gloucestershire: Amberley Publishing, 2018)
Rowse, A. L., ‘ “There Was Once a Man”: A Visit to Chartwell, 1995’, The Churchill Project: Hillsdale College, 29 February 2016
Russell, Emily (ed.), A Constant Heart: The War Diaries of Maud Russell, 1938–1945 (Dorset: The Dovecote Press, 2017)
Salmon, Vanda, unpublished memoir, Churchill College Archives, SALM 2/1
Sandys, Celia, Chasing Churchill: The Travels of Winston Churchill (London: HarperCollins, 2003)
Scott, Brough, Churchill at the Gallop (London: Racing Post Books, 2017)
Selden, Anthony, Churchill’s Indian Summer: The Conservative Government, 1951–1955 (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1981)
Shakespeare, Nicholas, Six Minutes in May: How Churchill Unexpectedly Became Prime Minister (London: Harvill Secker, 2017)
Shapiro, Gary, ‘How Churchill Mobilized the English Language’, New York Sun (12 June 2012)
Shuckburgh, Evelyn, Descent to Suez: Diaries 1951–1956 (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1986)
Singer, Barry, ‘Churchill’s Smile’, Huffington Post (11 March 2015)
____, Churchill Style: The Art of Being Winston Churchill (New York, Abrams, 2012)
Soames, Mary, Clementine Churchill: The Revised and Updated Biography (London: Doubleday, 2002)
____ (ed.), Speaking for Themselves: The Personal letters of Winston and Clementine Churchill (London: Black Swan, 1999)
———, Winston Churchill His Life as Painter (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1990)
Stelzer, Cita, Dinner with Churchill: Policy Making at the Dinner Table (New York: Pegasus Books, 2012)
Steyn, Richard, Churchill’s Confidant: Jan Smuts, Enemy to Lifelong Friend (South Africa: Jonathan Ball Publishers, 2017)
Sturdee, Jo, letters, Churchill College Archives Centre at Churchill College, Cambridge
Taylor, A. J. P. et al., Churchill: Four Faces and the Man (London: Allen Lane, The Penguin Press, 1969)
Thompson, W. H., I Was Churchill’s Shadow (London: Christopher Johnson, 1959)
____, Sixty Minutes with Winston Churchill (London: Christopher Johnson, 1953)
Thomson, Alistair, ‘Four Paradigm Transformations’, The Oral History Review, Vol. 34, Issue 1 (2007)
Vale, J. A. and J. W. Scadding, ‘In Carthage Ruins: The Illness of Sir Winston Churchill at Carthage, December 1943’, Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, Vol. 47, Issue 3, September 2017
Wardell, Michael, ‘Churchill’s Dagger: A Memoir of La Capponcina’, Finest Hour, No. 87, Summer 1995
Wheeler-Bennett, Sir John, Action This Day: Working with Churchill (London: Macmillan, 1968)
White, Philip, Our Supreme Task (New York: Public Affairs, 2012)
Woodward, Jason, ‘Eminent Churchillians – Patrick Kinna MBE – “He was sure we would win all along”’, Finest Hour, No. 115, Summer 2002
Woolner, David B., The Last 100 Days: FDR at War and Peace (New York: Basic Books, 2017)
IMAGE CREDITS
Every effort has been made to contact all copyright holders. The publisher will be pleased to correct in future editions any errors or omissions brought to their attention.
1. ‘Winston at 9am’, cartoon by David Wilson from Passing Show, 1920.
2. Advertisement for Mrs Hoster’s Secretarial Training College from The Woman’s Leader, 1922.
3. Churchill at work, photograph by Nat Farbman, 1947. The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images.
4. Jock VI at Chartwell, 2014. Keith Larby/Alamy.
5. Denis Kelly, Gordon Allen, Churchill and Rufus at Chartwell, 1953, photograph by Frank Scherschel. The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images.
6. Speech notes, annotated by Churchill, 1938. Churchill Archives Centre, The Papers of Winston S. Churchill [CHAR 9/130D/356]. Reproduced with permission of Curtis Brown, London on behalf of The Estate of Winston S. Churchill and The Sir Winston Churchill Archive Trust. Copyright in the text © The Estate of Winston S. Churchill. Copyright in the reproduction © The Sir Winston Churchill Archive Trust.
7. Churchill’s desk at Chartwell. National Trust Photographic Library/Andreas von Einsiedel/Bridgeman Images.
8. Churchill with the ‘Sound Scriber’, Chartwell, 1946. Chartwell Booksellers.
9. Winston S Churchill, portrait by Edwin Arthur Ward, c.1900. Courtesy of Sotheby’s.
10. Grace Hamblin in the ‘Factory’ at Chartwell, 1966. PA/TopFoto.
11. Churchill’s office at Chartwell, sketch by Grace Hamblin. Churchill Archives Centre, The Papers of Grace Hamblin [HAMB 1/6]. © The Estate of Grace Hamblin.
12. Churchill working on a train, 1941. © IWM [H 10874].
13. Churchill broadcasting from the White House, 1943. The Print Collector/Getty Images.
14. The Churchills with John Martin working on a train, 1943. AP/Shutterstock.
15. Marian Holmes in the garden of 10 Downing Street, 1944. Copyright unknown.
16. Violet Pearman at the Chateau de l’Horizon, c. 1930s. The Bowyer Collection.
17. Cecily “Chips” Gemmell, portrait by Winston S. Churchill, c. 1952. Reproduced with permission of Curtis Brown, London. Copyright © Churchill Heritage Ltd.
18. Jane Portal with Churchill, c. 1950s. Copyright unknown.
19. Jo Sturdee a
board HMS Queen Mary, 1944. © IWM.
20. Kathleen Hill and Churchill on HMS Prince of Wales, 1941. © IWM [A 6905].
21. Marian Holmes and Churchill disembarking HMS Ajax, 1944. Fremantle/Alamy.
22. Lettice Fisher and Churchill, Sussex Square, 1924. © TopFoto.
23. Elizabeth Nel at her desk at Chequers, 1940s. From Elizabeth Nel, Mr Churchill’s Secretary, Hodder & Stoughton, 1958.
24. Kathleen Hill and Churchill, Morpeth Mansions, 1939. AP/Shutterstock.
25. Churchill going down a water slide in the Côte d’Azur. Churchill Archives Centre, The Papers of Randolph Churchill [RDCH 9/1/28/1]. Reproduced with permission of Curtis Brown, London on behalf of The Estate of Randolph S. Churchill.
26. Churchill feeding the fish at Chartwell, 1950, photograph by Mark Kauffman. Time & Life Pictures/Getty Images.
27. Churchill painting, 1948, photograph by Frank Scherschel. The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images).
28. Churchill with Colonist II at Newmarket, 1950. Rex/Shutterstock.
29. Violet Pearman and Churchill in Rhodes, 1934, photograph by Lady Evelyn Hilda Stuart Moyne. © National Portrait Gallery, London.
30. Elizabeth Gilliat and Jo Sturdee with others at La Mamounia, Marrakesh, 1947. Churchill Archives Centre, The Papers of Nina, Lady Onslow [ONSL 4A]. Copyright unknown.
31. Jane Portal in a water taxi with the Churchills, Venice, 1951. Pictorial Press/Alamy.
32. “Chips” Gemmell, Lettice Marston Shillingford, Denis Kelly and Evan Davies at Cap d’Ail, France, 1949. Churchill Archives Centre, The Papers of Evan Davies [EDVS 3/1].
33. Grace Hamblin riding a camel while on holiday with Patrick Kinna, Tunisia, c. 1964. Churchill Archives Centre, The Papers of Patrick Kinna [KNNA 3/1].
34.“Chips” Gemmell with naval escorts aboard a ship at Portsmouth, early 1950s. Churchill Archives Centre, The Papers of Evan Davies [EDVS 3/2].
35. Holmes, Sturdee and Layton among Churchill’s staff aboard the Queen Mary, 1944. © IWM.
36. Marian Holmes, Aboukir RAF base, Egypt, 1945. © IWM [HU 87636].
37 & 38. Identity passes for Lettice Marston while at the Potsdam Conference, 1945. Churchill Archives Centre, The Papers of Winston S. Churchill [CHUR 3/490E/477a-b] © Crown copyright.
39. Churchill meets Princess Elizabeth after the death of King George VI, 1952. TopFoto.
40. Churchill at the Conservative Party Conference, 1953. Hulton Archive/Getty Images.
41. The Churchills’ luggage, New York, 1953. Chartwell Booksellers.
42. Rufus returning to 10 Downing Street, 1954. Chartwell Booksellers.
43. Jane Portal, note to Churchill with her sketch of a crocodile. Churchill Archives Centre, Other Deposited Collections Relating to Winston Churchill [WCHL 6/54].
44. Thank-you note from Churchill to Jane Portal. Churchill Archives Centre, Other Deposited Collections Relating to Winston Churchill [WCHL 6/54]. Reproduced with permission of Curtis Brown, London on behalf of The Estate of Winston S. Churchill.
45. List made by Jo Sturdee of the contents of a mail bag, 1950. Churchill Archives Centre [CHUR 1/83].
46. Churchill leaves 10 Downing Street after his resignation, 1955. Bettmann Archive/Getty Images.
47. The author with Jane Portal, now Lady Williams of Elvel, and General David Petraeus at the International Churchill Society Conference, 2017. Irwin Stelzer.
Illustrations in the Appendices
p. 312. Letter from Churchill to Andrew Cruickshank, 10 Dec 1950. Churchill Archives Centre, The Papers of Winston S. Churchill [CHUR 2/387/23]. Reproduced with permission of Curtis Brown, London on behalf of The Estate of Winston S. Churchill.
p. 313. Memorandum from Jane Portal to Churchill, 25 June 1951. Churchill Archives Centre, The Papers of Winston S. Churchill [CHUR 2/387/22].
p. 314. Letter from Churchill to Andrew Cruickshank, 25 June 1951. Churchill Archives Centre, The Papers of Winston S. Churchill [CHUR 2/387/20]. Reproduced with permission of Curtis Brown, London on behalf of The Estate of Winston S. Churchill.
p. 315. Letter from Andrew Cruickshank to Churchill, 27 June 1951. Churchill Archives Centre, The Papers of Winston S. Churchill [CHUR 2/387/19].
p. 308–310. Memorandum and draft directive drawn up by the staff of the War Cabinet Joint Typing Pool relating to Operation “Desperate”, 9 May 1942. © Imperial War Museum [Documents.9858, 1–3].
Illustrations Insert
Winston at work
1. Winston at 9 a.m., 1920.
2. Passports to success, 1922.
Give Me the Tools
3. WSC working at Chartwell, with some of his prodigious daily output, 1947.
4. Jock VI and the Remington, equally indispensable.
5. WSC and his editors at Chartwell: Denis Kelly, centre, Commodore Gordon Allen, left, and Rufus II, 1953.
6. A draft page from WSC’s Munich Speech, 1938, in psalm format. Edited at 2 a.m., to be retyped by 10 a.m.
7. WSC’s Chartwell desk with ‘klops’ and a drawing of Jan Smuts, alongside other memorabilia.
8. WSC with his Sound Scriber, 1946. No substitute for the ever-ready ‘Misses’ on call.
Every Place A Work Place
9. Young WSC at work. The chair and desk are his father’s and the black coat is identical to the one that his father wore. Painting by Arthur Ward c.1900. In 1949, LIFE Magazine photographed WSC seated at this chair.
10. Grace Hamblin at Chartwell’s ‘Factory’ in front of a portrait of WSC, painted in 1942 by Sir Frank O. Salisbury. This photo was taken in 1966 when Chartwell was opened to the public and Hamblin became the house’s first curator.
11. Grace Hamblin’s sketch of the files and archival boxes at WSC’s Chartwell ‘Factory’.
12. WSC dictates on a train with a silent typewriter, June 1941.
13. WSC broadcasts from the White House after victory in North Africa, May 1943.
14. WSC works en route to Quebec, August 1943. Mrs Churchill and Private Secretary John Martin assist.
The Unsung Women
15. Marian Holmes.
16. Violet Pearman.
17. Cecily ‘Chips‘ Gemmell, painted by Churchill, c.1952.
18. Jane Portal.
19. Jo Sturdee.
20. Kathleen Hill takes down WSC’s instructions, aboard HMS Prince of Wales, as he leaves for Placentia Bay to meet President Roosevelt, August 1941.
21. Marian Holmes disembarking HMS Ajax, off Athens, a city under fire during the Greek Civil War, December 1944.
22. Lettice Fisher at Sussex Square, 1924.
23. Elizabeth Layton at her desk at Chequers during the war, early 1940s.
24. Kathleen Hill, leaving Morpeth Mansions with WSC, September 1939. Versions of this photograph crop Hill out.
Winston: All Work and No Play…
25. WSC Chutes into the Mediterranean, at Chateau de l’Horizon, Maxine Elliott’s villa in the South of France, c.1935.
26. WSC feeds his golden orfe at Chartwell, 1950.
27. ‘If it weren’t for painting, I could not bear the strain.’ WSC in Aixen-Provence, South of France, 1948.
28. WSC and Colonist II at Newmarket, 1950.
The Secretaries: All Work and No Play…
29. Violet Pearman tours Rhodes with WSC, c.1934.
30. Christmas at La Mamounia, 1947. Left to right: Bill Deakin, facing the camera, Jo Sturdee, Elizabeth Gilliatt, and Sarah Churchill in a festive hat.
31. Jane Portal, far right, touring Venice in a water taxi with the Churchills, 1951.
32. Taking the plunge off the rocks, Cap d’Ail, 1949. Left to right: ‘Chips’ Gemmell, Lettice Marston, Denis Kelly and Evan Davies.
33. Grace Hamblin finds time for a camel ride in Tunisia, c.1964, repeating Mrs Churchill’s 1921 adventure.
34. ‘Chips’ Gemmell with naval escorts aboard a ship at Portsmouth, early 1950s.
The Secretaries witness history
35. Female members of WSC’s staff aboard
the Queen Mary, September 1944. From left to right: Marian Holmes, Nurse Dorothy Pugh, Jo Sturdee and Elizabeth Layton.
36. Marian Holmes on tarmac at Aboukir RAF base, outside Alexandria, en route home from the Yalta Conference, February 1945.
37–38. Lettice Marston’s security passes for the Potsdam Conference which took place between 17 July and 2 August 1945.
39. WSC meets Princess Elizabeth arriving in London from Kenya after the death of her father, King George VI, February 1952. Jane Portal, who took down WSC’s tribute to the King during the drive to the airport, hid out of sight behind another aircraft to view the arrival.
40. At the party conference in Margate WSC assures the Tory party of his continued ability to lead, October 1953.
Everyday Chores
41. A canvas, cases of Pol Roger and a portion of the Churchills’ luggage, organized, labelled and shipped by the secretarial staff, January 1953.
42. Rufus II returns to Downing Street, primped and pampered, 1954.
43–4. ‘Find me a crocodile!’ Jane Portal’s sketch in response to a request from WSC, alongside his pleased response, August 1950.
45. Note from Jo Sturdee and ‘Chips’ Gemmell in Marrakesh to ‘La Gilliatt’ and staff in London, after three Benedictines, December 1950.
Carrying the Churchill Saga Forward
46. WSC leaves Downing Street to the applause of his staff, after his resignation as prime minister, April 1955.
47. Jane Portal, now Lady Williams of Elvel, talks with General David Petraeus at the International Churchill Society Conference, October 2017. The author, centre, looks on.