Napoleon's Invasion of Russia
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Art 12. Their Serene Highnesses, the Dukes of Saxe-Coburg, Oldenburg, and Mecklenburg-Schwerin shall be reinstated in the full possession of their Serene States, but the ports of the Duchies of Oldenburg and Mecklenburg shall continue to be occupied by French garrisons until the ratifications of the future definite peace Treaty between France and England.
Art 13. His Majesty, the Emperor Napoleon, accepts the offer of mediation from His Majesty, the Emperor of all the Russias, to negotiate and conclude a definitive peace treaty between France and England providing this mediation offer is acceptable to England, one month after the exchange of the ratification of the present Treaty.
Art 14. For His part, His Majesty, the Emperor of all the Russias, wishing to prove how much he desires to establish the most enduring and amicable relations between the two Empires, recognizes in full His Majesty, the King of Naples, Joseph Napoleon, and His Majesty, the King of Holland, Louis Napoleon.
Art 15. His Majesty, the Emperor of all the Russias, in like manner recognizes the Confederation of the Rhine River, the actual State possessed by each sovereign which partake in it, the titles given to some among them, either by the Acts of Confederation or by Treaties of subsequent accession. Said Majesty promises to recognize, upon notification given him by His Majesty, the Emperor Napoleon, the Sovereigns who shall in the near future become members of the Confederation on a par in rank which shall be given to them by the Charter admitting them to the Confederation.
Art 16. His Majesty, the Emperor of all the Russias, cedes in full propriety and sovereignty to His Majesty, the King of Holland, the manor of Jever in East Friesland.
Art 17. The present Treaty of Peace and Friendship is declared in effect for their Majesties, the King of Naples and the King of Holland, and all confederate Sovereigns of the Rhine River, allies of His Majesty the Emperor Napoleon.
Art 18. His Majesty, the Emperor of all the Russias also recognizes his Highness, Prince Jerome Napoleon, as King of Westphalia.
Art 19. The Kingdom of Westphalia shall be composed of possessions ceded by His Majesty, the King of Prussia, to the left of the Elbe River and other States now in the possession of His Majesty, the Emperor Napoleon.
Art 20. His Majesty, the Emperor of all the Russias, promises to recognize the disposal of territories drawn in Article 19 and arranged by His Majesty, the Emperor Napoleon, with proper notification to His Majesty, the Emperor of all the Russias.
Art 21. All hostilities shall cease immediately on land and sea between the armies of His Majesty, the Emperor of all the Russias, and those of His Highness in all other places where official news of the signing of the present Treaty has arrived.
The high contracting Parties shall send special messengers without delay in order that their respective generals and commanders receive this news as soon as possible.
Art 22. The Russian troops shall withdraw from the Provinces of Wallachia and Moldavia; however, these provinces may not be occupied by His Highness' troops until the ratification of the future definitive Treaty between Russia and the Ottoman Porte have been exchanged.
Art 23. His Majesty, the Emperor of all the Russias, accepts the mediation of His Majesty, the Emperor of the French, King of Italy, for the purpose of negotiating and concluding a peace that shall be advantageous and honorable for both Empires. Their respective Plenipotentiaries shall meet in the place to be determined by the two parties concerned, in order to open and pursue the negotiations.
Art 24. The time stipulated in which the contracting Parties shall withdraw their troops from the places they must evacuate according to the above stipulations, as well as the execution of the various clauses included in the present Treaty shall be determined by special agreement.
Art 25. His Majesty, the Emperor of the French, King of Italy, and His Majesty, the Emperor of all the Russias, guarantee one another the integrity of their possessions and those of the Powers included in the peace treaty as they are or shall be in consequence of the above-mentioned stipulations.
Art 26. Prisoners of war taken by each contracting Party, or included in the present Treaty, shall be mutually exchanged in a body.
Art 27. Commerce between the French Empire, the Kingdom of Italy, the Kingdoms of Naples and Holland, and the Confederated States, on the one hand, and the Russian Empire, on the other, shall be restored on the same footing as before the war.
Art 28. Protocol between the two Courts, The Tuileries and St. Petersburg, with regard to Ambassadors, Ministers and Envoys, who shall be accredited, shall be established on principles of absolute and complete reciprocity.
Art 29. This present Treaty shall be ratified by the Emperor of France and by His Majesty, the Emperor of all the Russias. The exchange of ratifications shall take place in this City within four days of the signing of this Treaty. Done at Tilsit, the 7th of July (25 June), 1807.
Signatures
Charles Maurice Talleyrand
Prince of Benevente.
Prince Alexandre Kourakin
Prince Dimitri Labanoff de Rostoff
Peace Treaty Between His Majesty, the Emperor of the French, King of Italy, and His Majesty, the Emperor of all the Russias, signed at Tilsit, the 9th of July, 1807.
His Majesty, the Emperor of the French, the King of Italy, Protector of the Confederation of the Rhine, and His Majesty, the King of Prussia, equally desirous to put an end to the war hostilities, have nominated as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say:
His Majesty, the Emperor of the French, Protector of the Confederation of the Rhine, Charles Maurice Talleyrand, Prince of Benevente, High Chamberlain and Minister of Foreign Affairs, grand cordon of the Legion d'Honneur, Chevalier of the Prussian Orders of the Black and Red Eagle and the Order of St. Hubert.
And His Majesty, the King of Prussia, Field Marshal von Kalkreuth, Chevalier of the Prussian Orders of the Black and Red Eagle; Count von Glotz; Private Advisor and Envoy Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary Minister to His Majesty, the Emperor of all the Russias, Chevalier of the Russian Order of the Red Eagle.
Who, after having exchanged their full respective powers, have agreed upon the following articles:
Art 1. Peace and friendship shall be established between His Majesty, the Emperor of the French, King of Italy, and His Majesty, the King of Prussia, as of the day of exchange of ramifications of the present Treaty take place.
Art 2. The section of the Duchy of Magdeburg, situated to the right of the Elbe River, Priegnitz, the Uckermark River, the Middle and the New Mark of Brandenburg, with the exception of the Cotbuser Kreise, or Cotbuser Circle in Lower Lusace, which shall belong to His Majesty, the King of Saxony; the Duchy of Pomerania; high, low and new Silesia with the county of Glatz; the section of the Netze River district, situated north of the causeway from Driesen to Schneidemuhl to the Vistula River via Waldau, following the borders of the Bomberg Kreis, the navigation right on the Vistula River, reciprocally and free of all tolls; the Pomerelie River, the Island of Nogat and the Vistula River, to the west of Old Prussia and the north of the Kulm Kreise, the Ermeland River and finally the Kingdom of Prussia as it was the 1st of January 1772, with the strongholds of Spandau, Stettin, Kustrin, Glogau, Breslau, Schweidnitz, Neisse, Brieg, Kosel, and Glatz, and forts of the above mentioned countries in the State where said strongholds, citadels, castles and forts are to be found now. The city and citadel of Grandenz, including the villages of Neudorf, Porschkou, Swier-korzy, will also be restituted to His Majesty, the King of Prussia.
Art 3. His Majesty, the King of Prussia, recognizes his Majesty, the King of Naples, Joseph Napoleon, and His Majesty, the King of Holland, Louis Napoleon.
Art 4. His Majesty, the King of Prussia, in like manner recognizes the Confederation of the Rhine River, the actual State possessed by each sovereign which partake in it, the titles given to some among them, either by the Acts of Confederation or by Treaties of subsequent accession. Said Majesty promises to recognize, upon notification given him by His Majesty, the Emperor Nap
oleon, the Sovereigns who shall in the near future become members of the Confederation on a par in rank which shall be given to them by the Charter admitting them to the Confederation.
Art 5. The present Treaty of Peace and Friendship is declared in effect for their Majesties, the King of Naples and the King of Holland, and all confederate Sovereigns of the Rhine River, allies of His Majesty, the Emperor Napoleon.
Art 6. His Majesty, the King of Prussia, also recognizes His Highness, Prince Jerome Napoleon, as King of Westphalia.
Art 7. His Majesty, the King of Prussia, cedes in full propriety and conver-eignity to the Kings, Princes or Grand Dukes who shall be designated by His Majesty, the Emperor of France, King of Italy, all the Duchies, Marquisettes, Principalities, Counties, Seigniories, and generally all territories or part thereof, as well as the domains and properties, which His said Majesty, the King of Prussia, possessed officially or otherwise, between the Rhine River and the Elbe River at the beginning of the present war.
Art 8. His Majesty, the King of Prussia, shall be composed of possessions ceded by His Majesty, the King of Prussia, to the left of the Elbe River and other States now in the possession of His Majesty, the Emperor Napoleon.
Art 9. His Majesty, the King of Prussia, shall recognize the arrangements made by His Majesty, the Emperor Napoleon, as stated in the two preceding articles, in the same manner as if these were effected and incorporated in the present Treaty.
Art 10. His Majesty, the King of Prussia, renounces for himself, his inheritors and successors, all actual or eventual rights which he might have or might claim,
1.) on all territories, without exception, situated between the Rhine River and the Elbe River other than those designated in Article 7. 2.) on those possessions belonging to His Majesty, the King of Saxony and the House of Anhalt, which are situated on the right bank of the Elbe River. Likewise, all actual or eventual rights and claims of States situated between the Elbe River and the Rhine River on territories in the possession of His Majesty, the King of Prussia, as they shall be recognized in the present Treaty, are and shall be obliterated for perpetuity.
Art 11. All pacts, agreements, treaties of alliance, manifest or secret, which might have been concluded between Prussia and any of the countries situated to the left of the Elbe River, and which would not have been broken during the present war, shall become obsolete and shall be considered null and void.
Art 12. His Majesty, the King of Prussia, cedes in all perpetuity and sovereignty the Cotbuser Kreis or Cotbus Circle in Lower Lusace to His Majesty, the King of Saxony.
Art 13. His Majesty, the King of Prussia, renounces for perpetuity possession of all provinces which belonged to the Kingdom of Poland and after the 1st of January 1772 passed at various periods under Prussian rule, with the exception of Ermeland and the countries situated west of Old Prussia, east of Pomerania, north of the Kulm Kreise, following a line going from the Vistula River at Schneider-muhl through Waldau following the confines of the Bromberg and the causeway going from Schneidermuhl to Dreisen, which shall with the city of and the citadel of Gradenz and the villages of Neudorf, Parkschken, and Swierkorzy, continue to be possessed in all propriety and sovereignty by His Majesty, the King of Prussia.
Art 14. His Majesty, the King of Prussia, also renounces for all perpetuity possession of the City of Danzig.
Art 15. The provinces renounced by His Majesty, the King of Prussia, in Article 13 will be, with the exception of the territories listed in Article 18, given in all propriety and sovereignty to His Majesty, the King of Saxony. These territories shall be given the name of the Duchy of Warsaw and be governed by constitutions safeguarding the liberty and privileges of the people in these territories and in no way disturbing the peace and tranquillity of their neighbor States.
Art 16. In order to communicate between the Kingdom of Saxony and the Duchy of Warsaw, the King of Saxony shall have free use of military roads crossing the possessions of His Majesty, the King of Prussia. The particular road, number of troops permitted to travel it, and bivouac areas shall be determined at a special meeting to take place between their Majesties under the mediation of France.
Art 17. From Dreisen to the Vistula River and Reciprocally, there shall be no tolls imposed for the navigation of the Netze River and the Bromberg Canal, which will be free and open in every respect.
Art 18. In order to establish natural borders between Russia and the Duchy of Warsaw, the following territories surrounding the actual Russian frontiers shall be united for perpetuity to the Russian Empire: from the Bug River to the mouth of the Lossosna River; a border line starting at the mouth of the Thalweg-Bobra River, the Thalweg-Narew River to Stratz, from the Lisa River to its source, near the village of Mien, from the tributary of the Nurzek, taking its source from the same village from the Nurzek River to its mouth above the Nurr, and finally from Thalweg of the Bug River ascending from it to the actual Russian frontiers.
Art 19. The city of Danzig surrounded with a two kilometer radius shall be given its independence under the protection of His Majesty, the King of Prussia and His Majesty, the King of Saxony, and shall be governed by the laws which were in effect at the time she ceased to govern herself.
Art 20. Neither His Majesty, the King of Prussia, nor His Majesty, the King of Saxony, nor the city of Danzig shall have the authority to establish tolls and taxes of any kind or prohibit navigation of the Vistula River.
Art 21. The city, port and territory of Danzig shall be closed for the duration of the present naval war to all English commerce and navigation.
Art 22. No individual, of whatever class or station in life domiciled or owning properties in territories specified in the preceding article shall be affected in any way by the exchange be it in his rights, rank and status or his properties, pensions and revenues or any other benefits coming to him; nor shall he be pursued in any way, be it politically or militarily for any part he played in the present hostilities being terminated by this Treaty. Said specifications shall apply to individuals domiciled in the Old Kingdom of Poland which shall be restituted to His Majesty, the King of Prussia and be known as the Duchy of Warsaw.
Art 23. In a like manner, no individual born, living in or owning property in countries belonging to Prussia prior to the 1st of January 1772, and which is now to be restituted to His Majesty, the King of Prussia, under the terms of Article 2, as stipulated in this Treaty, and moreover, no individuals, that is to say, no civilians or members of the police force of Berlin who have taken arms to safeguard peace, shall be punished or pursued personally; nor shall their property, income or revenues, pensions, rank or stature be effected in any way whatsoever, for any kind of activity in which they might have participated during the present war.
Art 24. Debts, obligations and promises, which His Majesty, the King of Prussia, might have previously assumed or contracted, prior to the present war, on territories, properties, or revenues which His said Majesty cedes or renounces under the present Treaty shall revert to the new possessors who shall undertake these obligations without reserves, exceptions, or restrictions.
Art 25. Stocks and capital funds belonging either to private citizens or public, religious, civil or military establishments, in countries ceded or renounced by His Majesty, the King of Prussia, under the present Treaty, and which might have been placed either in the Berlin Bank, the Maritime Society, or any other such establishment in the Kingdom of His Majesty, the King of Prussia, shall not be confiscated or seized. However, owners of said capital funds shall be free to dispose of them or continue to benefit from them as they wish and also collect interest issued as stipulated in past or present contracts. These terms shall be reciprocal for stocks and capital funds of private citizens or any public establishment which the Prussian Monarchy might have placed in countries which His Majesty, the King of Prussia, now cedes or renounces in the present Treaty.
Art 26. Archives holding ownership titles, documents and papers concerned in any way with countries, te
rritories, properties and personal domains which His Majesty, the King of Prussia, cedes or renounces as a result of the present treaty, shall be delivered by His said Majesty within three months of the exchange of the ratifications, that is to say, to Emissaries of His Majesty the Emperor Napoleon, for countries ceded on the left bank of the Elbe, and to the Emissaries of His Majesty, the Emperor of all the Russias and His Majesty, the King of Saxony, and the city of Danzig for countries that Their Said Majesties and the city of Danzig shall possess as a result of the present Treaty. All maps, layouts of citadels, castles and fortresses situated in the countries in question shall also be remitted in the same manner.
Art 27. Until the day of the exchange of ratifications of the future Peace Treaty between France and England, all countries under the jurisdiction of His Majesty, the King of Prussia, shall, without exception, be closed to the English for navigation or commerce. No traffic shall be allowed from Prussian ports to the British Isles, and no ships coming from England or her colonies shall be allowed to dock in said Prussian ports.
Art 28. An immediate agreement shall be made in order to regulate the time period and methods by which all territories shall be restituted to His Majesty, the King of Prussia. In addition, all details pertaining to the civil and military administration of these countries shall also be discussed in this agreement.
Art 29. All prisoners of war shall be exchanged en masse as soon as possible.
Art 30. The present Treaty shall be ratified by His Majesty, the Emperor of the French, King of Italy, and by His Majesty, the King of Prussia; the ratification shall be exchanged at Koenigsberg no later than six days following the signing of the Treaty, or sooner, if possible.
Done and signed at Tilsit the 9th of July, 1807.