The Men of World War II
Page 38
at Noville, 177, 205, 214–17
officers of, 17–18, 22–24, 38, 49–50, 112
101st joined by, 18, 39
paratrooper training of, 18, 20, 30–33, 39–40, 46–47
physical training of, 18–22, 25–29, 30, 33, 37, 39
preinvasion training of, 45–47, 54–56, 61–62, 79
in preparation for combat, 15–16, 18–20, 39, 46–47
regimental prayer of, 118–19
scrapbook of, 42, 55, 167, 177–78
at Veghel, 131–34
wings and insignia of, 19–20, 31–34, 40–41, 64, 219, 245
flares, 227, 230
Foley, Jack, 168–69, 199, 207–8, 243, 288
in Austria, 280
in Germany, 255, 258
at Haguenau, 225, 229, 234, 235
at Mourmelon, 168, 239, 242, 244
nonfraternization policy and, 250
at Saverne, 237
Fort Benning, 28, 34–35, 229
jump school at, 30–33
physical training at, 30
Fort Bragg, 40
“40-and-8s,” 238, 258, 259
Foy, 176–78, 192, 196, 204, 218, 267
attack on, 211–12, 221
bombing of, 182
supplies at, 182, 214, 219
weather at, 186
Freeman, Bradford, 167, 176, 278, 306
French people, U.S. soldiers and, 246, 248
Frost, John, 135
Frying Pan, 30
furlough regulations, 33–34
Fussell, Paul, 24–25, 84, 155
Gabel, Kurt, 21–22
Gangplank Fever, 41–42
Garcia, Tony, 215
Gavin, James, 119
German Army, see Wehrmacht
German people, U.S. soldiers and, 247–51
German rail system, 259
German rations, 143
G.I. Bill of Rights, 292–93
Gibson, Tom, 206
G.I. life insurance, 67
gliders, 40, 92, 156
Goebbels, Paul Joseph, 265
Goering, Hermann, 265, 270
Gordon, Walter, 18–21, 24, 65, 109, 169, 293–95, 304
on D-Day, 69, 74–75
jump school and, 31–32
promotion of, 112
in “Rescue,” 158–60
wounding of, 101, 108–9, 188, 193–94
Grant, Chuck, 59, 241, 296
wounding of, 129, 284–85
Gray, J. Glen, 22, 155–56, 221, 227–28, 235, 250
grenades, 80–81
fragmentation, 207
phosphorus incendiary, 83
potato-masher, 81, 83, 144
Grodzki, Stephen, 188
Gross, Jerre, 77
Guards Armored Division, British, 119–20, 124, 125, 135, 140
Guarnere, Bill, 22, 56, 63–64, 84, 85, 169, 296
on D-Day, 76, 78–84
intelligence patrol of, 103
promotions of, 38, 112
wounding of, 170, 201
Guth, Forrest, 74–75, 169, 237, 286, 305
Guy, Lloyd, 284
Haguenau, 223–35, 267
population of, 225
replacement soldiers at, 229
supplies at, 236
Hale, Earl, 47, 243
in Berchtesgaden, 269
promotion of, 241–42
wounding of, 218
Hall, John, 82
Hansen, Herman, 18, 285
Harris, “Salty,” 22, 37–38, 48, 53
Harvard University, 15, 20, 112, 221, 272
Hashey, Lester “Leo,” 158–60, 305
Hawg Innards Problem, 27
Hayes, Harold, 220
hedgerows, 91, 92
Heffron, Ed “Babe,” 180–81, 183, 261
in Berchtesgaden, 267–68
Heidelberg, 260
“Hell’s Highway,” 123–40, 164
casualties on, 140
MARKET-GARDEN and, 124–29
Helmond, 127, 130, 139
Hemmen, 147
Hendrix, Walter, 78–84, 304
Herron, A. P., 220
Hester, Clarence, 17, 18, 23, 169, 304
at Aldbourne, 62–63
on D-Day, 78, 83
promotion of, 38
Sobel and, 25–26
Heyliger, Fred “Moose,” 157–58, 162–63, 296–97
Hickman, Pvt., 240, 249
Higgins, Gerald, 168, 175
Hill, Andrew, 82
Himmler, Heinrich, 265
Hitler, Adolf, 15, 22, 67, 210
Ardennes offensive and, 172–74
in Berchtesgaden, 264–65
Hitlerjugend, 198
Hodges, Courtney, 193
Hogan, Joe, 67
Holland (Netherlands), 15, 120, 123–57, 267, 291, 295
casualties in, 164
dikes of, 141
end of campaign in, 138
equipment in, 133
troops surrounded in, 135
see also specific sites
Hoobler, Don, 125, 183, 189
character of, 113
death of, 198, 220, 236
at Foy, 183
Horton, Oliver, 154
Houch, “Rusty,” 83
Houffalize, 218
Howell, Bill, 269
Howell, Shep, 201, 236
Hudson, Pvt., 237
I Company, 210, 211, 284
India, 116
Ingersoll, Ralph, 182
Innsbruck, 258
intelligence, Allied
Ardennes offensive and, 172–73
MARKET-GARDEN and, 138
Normandy campaign and, 62–63
Iron Cross, 268
Isigny, 91
Island, 141–64, 226
casualties on, 149–50, 151
evacuation of, 143
front-line positions on, 143–44
terrain of, 141–42
Italian people, U.S. soldiers and, 248
Jackson, Eugene, 231–32
Janovek, John, 249, 255, 283–84
Japanese Army, 28
Joigny, 288
Jones, Hank, 229, 230, 234
Juenger, Ernst, 228
Julian, John, 185, 220
Julius Caesar, 165, 238
jumpmasters, 31–33, 67
jump school, 229, 244
badges and symbols of, 19–20, 31, 33, 34, 40
graduates of, 19–20, 33–34
preparation for, 18, 20
stages of, 30–32
Kaprun, 275, 278, 280
Keegan, John, 210
Kinnard, Harry W. O., 189
Korean War, 286
Koskimaki, George, 173
K rations, 27, 182
Lager, Harry, 251–52, 273
La Madeleine, 58, 63
Landsberg, 262–63
Lavenson, George, 38, 77, 94
Lawson Field, 31
Leach, William, 254
Leclerc, Jacques Philippe, 265
Lee, William C., 39, 40
leg bags, 66, 71, 76
Le Grand-Chemin, 78, 87
Lesniewski, Joseph, 103
Liebgott, Joseph, 64, 150, 186–87, 220, 240, 247
in attack on Noville, 218
in Austria, 276–77
at Carentan, 91, 96–97
on D-Day, 78–84
wounding of, 144, 170–71
Lipton, Carwood, 17, 18, 22, 36, 53, 63, 65, 69, 76, 111–12, 169, 188, 192, 290, 304
in Alsace, 224
in Austria, 276
battlefield commission of, 234
on D-Day, 67, 78–84
at Foy, 188, 192, 204
at Noville, 215–16
promotions of, 38, 112, 224
wounding of, 97, 108–9, 234
liquor, 21, 90, 270–73, 279–80, 281
London, 49, 108, 115
Lorraine, Gerald, 78–84
Luftwaffe, 123, 130, 182, 266, 2
68
Lugers, 82, 90, 155, 198, 244, 261
Luz, George, 35, 47, 70, 169
in Berchtesgaden, 272–73
in Germany, 256
at Haguenau, 226
reassignment of, 241
Lyall, Clarence, 228, 299–300
Lynch, Sgt., 276–77
McAuliffe, Anthony, 168, 182, 189
McClung, Earl, 75, 282
at Foy, 188
at Haguenau, 230
McCreary, Thomas, 169–71, 220, 251
in Austria, 278
at Haguenau, 226, 229, 230, 233
McGonigal, William, 105
McGrath, John, 100
machine-guns, 78–84, 93, 136, 146, 185, 230
Mackall, John T., 35
mail, 103, 138, 165
Main Line of Resistance (MLR), German, at Bastogne, 184
Main Line of Resistance (MLR), U.S.:
at Bastogne, 179–94
at Carentan, 92–105
Making of a Paratrooper, The (Gabel), 21–22
Malarkey, Don, 22, 59, 84, 85, 103–4, 113, 169
at Aldbourne, 45
in Berchtesgaden, 268
at Camp Toccoa, 28–29
on D-Day, 76, 78–84
Eisenhower and, 55–56
in Germany, 254, 260
at Haguenau, 230, 234
at Mourmelon, 166–67, 175–76
promotion of, 112
souvenir hunting and, 82, 155
Maloney, John, 97, 106, 184, 199, 246
Mann, Bob, 205
MARKET-GARDEN, 120, 168
Allied intelligence and, 138
drop zone in, 123–24
Eisenhower and, 121, 138–39
failure of, 138–40, 172–73
“Hell’s Highway” and, 124–37
strategic objective of, 134–35
Marne River, 165
Marsh, Bob, 237, 283–84
at Haguenau, 227, 233, 235
Marshall, S. L. A., 85
martial law, 263
Martin, John, 22, 38, 63–64, 65, 113, 169, 220, 302
at Foy, 184–86
at Haguenau, 232, 235
at Mourmelon, 242
at Neunen, 127, 129
promotion of, 38
Matheson, S. L., 15, 169, 299
at Haguenau, 229
promotion of, 38
reassignment of, 240
respect for 20–21
Mathews, Robert, 65, 105
medics, 180–81, 182
Meehan, Thomas, 54, 58, 67, 92, 105
Mein Kampf (Hitler), 261
Mellett, Francis, 158–60, 220
Melo, Joachim, 50–52
Mercier, Ken, 229–33, 234, 271
Meuse River, 193
Miller, Glenn, 115
Miller, James, 129
Miller, John, 105
M-1, 95, 96, 150, 236
ammunition for, 177, 186
money exchange rate, 119, 166–67
Montgomery, Bernard Law, 54–55, 193
Ardennes strategy of, 191, 213–14
First Allied Airborne Army and, 120
MARKET-GARDEN and, 120, 139
Moone, Don, 276–77, 302–3, 304
Moore, Walter, 17, 29
morale, 112, 138, 186, 219–20
of E Company, 84, 177–78
More, Alton, 90, 106–7
Morgan, Frederick, 242
morphine, 151, 162, 188, 232
mortars, 16, 27, 28, 35, 56, 86, 96–97, 104, 137
Morton, James, 118, 195
Mourmelon-le-Grand, 165–78, 236, 238–47, 252, 254
ammunition supplies at, 175
civilian population of, 225
recreation in, 166–67, 175, 176
replacement soldiers at, 168, 244–45
Mourmelon-le-Petit, 165
Moya, Sergio, 105
Muchik, 256
Muck, Warren “Skip”, 56, 59, 113
at Camp Toccoa, 28–29
death of, 204–5, 220
at Foy, 184–86
at Mourmelon, 166–67
promotion of, 112
Munich, 258, 262, 265, 282
Murray, Elmer, 38, 65, 105
Mussolini, Benito, 265
National Guard, 15, 17
Nazis, 247, 250, 255, 256–57
in Berchtesgaden, 264–65
execution of, 276–77
homes of, 265–67
Neavles, Doc, 151
Neitzke, Norman, 261
Night Drop (Marshall), 85
night exercises, 26, 36, 46, 92, 114, 239
Nijmegen, 120, 124, 141, 143, 164
Niland, Bob, 59, 102–3
Niland, Fritz, 59, 102, 174, 295
9th SS Division, German, 198, 212
Nixon, Lewis, 17, 169, 303
at Aldbourne, 49–50, 62–63
in Austria, 275, 279
at Bastogne, 180
in Berchtesgaden, 270–71, 272
at Carentan, 103
on D-Day, 78, 87
at Haguenau, 229
in Operation Varsity, 245
personality of, 163
promotion of, 38
reassignment of, 240
respect for, 22–23
wounding of, 136–37
nonfraternization policy, 247, 250, 279, 281
Nordwind, Operation, 223
Normandy invasion and campaign
Allied intelligence and, 62
Allied strategy in, 57–58, 62–63, 89, 91–92
Carentan attack and, 97–105
Carentan defense and, 91–97
casualties in, 77, 84, 100, 101, 106, 110, 164
code names for, 58
decorations for, 85
German soldiers in, 72, 76, 77, 78–84
German strategy in, 58, 63, 77
morale of troops in, 112
parachute jumpers in, 65–71
postponement of, 65
rehearsals for, 55–61
size of Allied forces in, 55, 57–58, 68, 77
see also D-Day
Noville, 177, 192, 205, 213–14, 267
Nuenen, 127, 129, 135, 139
Oak Leaf Cluster, 287
Oats, Ernest, 105
Officer Candidate’s School (OCS), 15, 38, 158
O’Keefe, Patrick S. in Austria, 284
in Berchtesgaden, 271–73
in Germany, 251–53
at Mourmelon, 239–40, 242, 246
Omaha Beach, 57–58, 89, 91–92
101st Airborne Division (Screaming Eagles), 15, 16, 17, 27, 39, 119–21, 172, 290–91
Allied invasion strategy and, 57–58, 62–63, 89, 91–92
in Alsace, 223–25
Ardennes offensive and, 176–91
in Austria, 274–91
at Bastogne, 179–94
at Carentan, 91–92, 105
combat attitudes of, 110–12
D-Day airdrop and, 65–71
decorations of, 85
European departure of, 40–44
506th attached to, 18, 39
flag of, 289
in Germany, 251, 258, 265
“Hell’s Highway” control and, 135
inactivation of, 289
inspection of, 116
legendary status of, 190–91, 219
London and, 49, 108
MARKET-GARDEN and, 138
morale of, 84, 112
at Mourmelon, 165–66, 242–43
naming of “Hell’s Highway” and, 129
at Noville, 205, 214–17
official history of, 123, 131, 190, 259
in Operation Eagle, 60–61
in Operation Eclipse, 244–45
paratrooper training of, 39–40, 46–47
policy of returning wounded of, 109
preinvasion training of, 45–47, 54–56, 61–62, 79
Presidential Citation received by, 243
redeploying of, 287–88
at Uden, 134
wings and insignia of, 19–20, 31–34, 40–41, 64, 166, 219, 245
106th Infantry Division, 173
107th Panzerbrigade, German, 127
“1,000 yard attack,” 196–98
Opheusden, 141, 144, 153
Orne River, 57
Owe Richard, 105
Pace, Cecil, 121
parachutes, 20, 31, 60, 62, 70, 86
paratroopers
badges and symbols of, 19–20, 31, 33, 34, 40, 41, 64, 219, 245
on D-Day, 65–71, 75
equipment of, 35
morale of, 84, 112
training of, 18, 20, 27, 30–33, 39, 46–47, 54
values of, 16–17
see also jump school
Paris, 91, 121, 168
passwords, 64, 74, 253
Pathfinders, 68, 73, 245
Patton, George S., 218
MARKET-GARDEN and, 121, 139
Normandy campaign and, 116
Peacock, Thomas, 184, 199
in Austria, 288
character of, 114, 134
at Foy, 184–86
Pearl Harbor, 172
Penkala, Alex, 204–5, 220
Perconte, Frank, 18, 169, 209
Petty, Cleveland, 85
Plesha, John, 304
on D-Day, 78–84
promotion of, 112
point system, defined, 281–83
Porsche, Ferdinand, 276
Powers, Shifty, 90, 211–12
at Foy, 188, 192
at Haguenau, 236
wounding of, 282
Preparation for Overseas Movement, 41
Presidential Distinguished Unit Citation, 121, 243, 287, 288
press, 190–91, 247
prisoners of war (POWs), 150, 164, 206, 277
at Haguenau, 229–33
at Mourmelon, 241
propaganda, 115, 160–61, 247, 250
Purple Heart, 109, 241
point system and, 281–82
Quartermaster Company, 224–25
Rachamps, 217–20
Rader, Robert, 14, 22, 38, 113, 169, 183, 189–90, 220, 305
at Camp Toccoa, 22–23, 26
at Foy, 183
at Haguenau, 235–36
promotion of, 38
radio communications, 93, 173
railway gun, 225, 226
Ramirez, Joe, 32, 93–94
Randleman, Denver “Bull,” 39, 113, 169, 185, 304
at Foy, 184–86
wounding of, 129
Ranney, Myron “Mike,” 20, 48, 53, 54, 303–4, 307
on D-Day, 70, 78–84
promotions of, 37–38, 112
Ravenoville, 73, 75
Recogne, 215
Red Ball express, 174
Red Cross, 38, 40, 41, 166, 238
Reese, Lavon, 112
in Austria, 278
in Germany, 249, 251
rehabilitation ward, 170
Reims, 165, 166, 243
German surrender at, 271
Remagen, Ludendorff Bridge at, 245
replacement soldiers, 154–57, 202–3
at Aldbourne, 116
at Haguenau, 229
at Mourmelon, 168, 244–45
“Rescue,” 158–60
Reserves, 15
Rhine, 15, 120, 139, 141, 165, 225, 245, 246, 249, 251, 253, 255, 257, 258, 259