Clement VI, 170.
Cleopatra, 123, 131.
Cluni, order of, 149.
Clusius, 180.
coffee houses, 186.
coinage, 48, 58, 75, 85, 104, 130.
Coke, Sir Edward, 188.
Colbert, 192.
Collins, 201.
Cologne, 176, 181.
colonization, 80.
Columba, 143.
Columbus, 187.
comedy, 96, 114, 116.
Commodus, 124, 129.
common law, 163-4, 188-9.
communism, 210.
Como, 128.
Confucianism, 150.
Constable, 6, 194.
Constance, Council of, 165.
Constantine, 135-8.
Constantine IX, 144, 154.
Constantine X, 145.
Constantinople, 135, 137-9, 144, 147, 154, 155;
councils of, 136, 145.
Constantius, 142.
Consuls, 102, 120.
contracts, 105-6.
conveyances, 105.
Copernicus, 187.
copyists, 169-70, 173, 175.
copyright, 193, 201-2.
Corbie, 147.
Cordova, 152, 157.
Corinth, 107.
Corpus Juris Civilis, 161.
Cranmer, Thomas, 182.
Crates, 116.
Crete, 70.
Croesus, 58.
Cromwell, Thomas, 182.
Crusades, 155.
Ctesiphon, 135.
cuneiform, 31-2, 36, 42, 48, 50-2, 58.
Cyaxares, 57.
cylinder press, 202.
Cynics, 115.
Cyprus, 51, 71, 114, 139.
Cyril, 137.
Cyrus, 57.
D
Dacia, 124, 136.
Daily Express, 201, 206.
Daily Mail, 201, 206.
Daily Telegraph, 200, 208.
Damascus, 56, 152, 156.
Dante, 166.
Darius I, 57-9.
Darius III, 59.
David, 54.
Davis, Sir John, 163.
Decemvirs' code (twelve tables), 103, 117.
Decretum, 161.
Defoe, 193.
Deioces, 57.
deism, 187.
Delian league, 98.
Delos, 98, 107, 112.
Delphi, 80, 82, 86, 93, 136.
Demeter, 101.
democracy, 91, 94, 99, 116.
Democritus, 92, 115.
demotic, 109.
deportation, 48, 58.
Descartes, 185, 187, 198.
Desmoulins, 199.
Deuteronomy, 56, 63.
Deventer, 176.
Dicey, 212.
Dickens, 201.
Digest, 161.
Diocletian, 124-6, 135.
Dionysus, 86-7, 89, 93-5, 101, 110, 122.
dithyramb, 94.
Dolet, 179.
Dominicans, 160, 162, 166, 176.
Dorians, 51, 72, 100.
Draco, 82-3.
drama, 94-7, 114, 116, 119-20.
Druidism, 128.
Dungi, 35.
Dur-Sharukin, 46.
Dutch East India Company, 190.
E
Ecclesiastes, 109.
Ecclesiastical organizations, 7, 24-5, 29, 30, 33-4, 38, 42, 45-6, 49, 51, 55-6, 57, 60-3, 64-6, 76.
economics, 1-2.
Edessa, 153.
Egypt, 7, 12, 13-30, 42, 44, 45, 47, 48, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 57, 58, 59, 66, 75, 76, 78, 108-12, 118, 119, 122, 125, 131-2, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 152.
Edward VII, 208.
El, 51.
Elagabalus, 124.
Elamites, 36.
Elijah, 54.
Elizabeth, Queen, 182.
Elohist, 55-6.
Elzivir, 185.
Empedocles, 92.
Emperor worship, 123-4.
empires, 210-11, 214-5.
encyclopaedia, 194, 198.
Enlil, 38, 46.
epics, 71-4, 77, 86, 188.
Epicurus, 115, 116, 117.
Epidaurus, 121.
Equites, 126.
Er, 38.
Erasmus, 177.
Eridu, 38.
Erigena, John Scotus, 162.
Eros, 77.
Esarhaddon, 46, 47.
essay, 195.
Estienne, 177, 178.
Etruscans, 101.
Euclid, 110.
Eumenes II, 112.
Eupatrids, 83, 85.
Euphrates, 30, 43, 47.
Eurgetes II, 112.
Euripides, 95-6, 97.
Eusebius, 137.
Evendeath, 158.
Ezekiel, 61.
Ezra, 62.
F
Fabians, 156.
Fannius, 125.
Farrachius, 157.
Fenno, 197.
Fez, 156.
finance, 181, 189-90.
Florence, 168, 169, 178, 181.
Fontenay, 148.
Fourdrinier machine, 199.
Frankfort, 178.
Frankfort diets, 161.
Frankfort, synod of, 147.
Francis I, 179.
Franciscans, 160, 166.
Franklin, Benjamin, 196.
Frederick II, 156, 157, 161.
Freeman, E. A., 67.
French revolution, 198-9.
Froben, John, 177.
Fuggers, 181.
Fulda, 144.
G
Gaius, 127.
Galileo, 187.
Gallicanism, 142, 167, 184, 191.
Gallienus, 126.
Gallus, 143, 148.
Gandash, 41.
Gardiner, A. G., 49.
Gauls, 103, 112.
Geneva, 180, 184, 198.
Genoa, 155, 181.
Gentilly, 146.
geography, 110, 187.
geometry, 77-8, 79, 86, 88, 99, 110-11.
Germany, 167, 174, 175, 176, 177.
Gibbon, 67, 194.
Gilbert, William, 187.
Goebbels, 208.
Goldsmith, 194.
Good Hope, 181.
Gorgias, 114.
Goths, 136.
grammar, 37, 109, 116, 128.
Gracchus, 116.
Gratian, 161.
Greek, 170, 172, 178, 180, 182.
Greeks, 57, 59.
Gregorius, 137.
Gregory I, 143, 145, 160.
Gregory II, 144.
Gregory III, 146.
Gregory VII, 159.
Gregory IX, 161.
Greeley, Horace, 203.
Groote, Gerard, 176.
Grote, 67.
Grotius, 191.
Gula, 49.
Gutium, 35.
H
Hadrian, 123, 126, 127, 129.
Hadrian, Pope, 147.
Hakin II, 157.
Hamburg, 149.
Hammurabi, 36, 37, 38-9, 47, 54, 65.
Harley, 193.
Harnack, 134.
Haroun al Raschid, 153.
Harvey, 187.
Hattusil, 42.
Hearst, W. R., 203, 210.
Hebrew, 50, 51, 52-6, 61-3, 64, 77, 80, 108, 109, 132, 168, 170, 176.
Hecateus, 96.
Heliopolis, 16-7.
Henry VIII, 182.
Henry the Fowler, 149.
hepatology, 46.
Heraclitus, 91, 114.
Heraclius, 139.
heresy, 165.
Hermanogenianus, 137.
Herodotus, 97.
Hesiod, 74.
hieratic, 18, 52, 109.
hieroglyphics, 15, 18, 19, 21, 26.
Hildebrand, 149.
Hitler, 8.
Hittites, 41-4.
Hobbes, 187, 189.
Hohenstaufens, 176.
Homer, 69, 72-4, 76, 86, 93.
Horace, 115, 128.
Horemheb, 25.
horse, 22, 41, 45, 48, 58, 6
4, 65.
Horus, 16, 21.
Hosea, 56.
Hudson's Bay Company, 4.
Huguenots, 180, 185, 191.
Hume, 194-5.
Hunayn ibn Ishaq, 153.
Hyksos, 22, 23, 41-2, 50.
I
iconoclasm, 168.
Iliad, 73, 97, 109.
illumination, 170, 175.
images, 53, 58, 145-7, 150, 153.
immortality, 14, 17, 20-1, 59, 61.
India, 50, 109, 129, 151, 171, 190.
indulgences, 170, 177.
inflation, 129.
inheritance, 84, 103.
ink, 132, 150, 174.
Innocent III, 159.
Inquisition, 161, 163, 181.
Iona, 143, 144.
Ionians, 72, 75, 76, 77, 86, 90, 91, 92, 96, 97, 100, 111.
Ireland, 143, 148, 197.
Irene, 147.
Irnerius, 161.
iron, 42, 44, 64.
Isaiah, 56, 109.
Ishtar, 45, 49.
Isidore of Seville, 148.
Isis, 20-1, 122, 123.
Isocrates, 117.
Israel, 54-6, 61, 63, 108.
Issus, 59.
italics, 175.
J
Jaeger, 75, 86, 93, 96.
Jahweh, 55-6, 62, 77.
James I, 186.
Japan, 172.
Jehovah, 54.
Jeremiah, 61, 109.
Jerome, 141.
Jerusalem, 56, 57, 61-3, 132, 139, 154-5.
Jesuits, 178.
John XII, Pope, 149.
John XXII, 161.
John XXIII, 165.
Johnson, 194.
Judah, 54, 56, 59, 61.
judex, 104-5.
Julius Caesar, 120, 122, 123, 125.
Jundeshapur, 153.
Junius, 195.
Junius Brutus, 122.
jury, 164.
Justinian, 137-8, 153.
Juvenal, 129.
K
Kaiser, 206, 208.
Kassites, 23, 41, 43, 53, 139.
Koberger, 177.
Kore, 101.
Kroeber, 1.
Kruger, 206.
L
land, 80, 84, 88.
language, 9, 20, 92;
Akkadian, 36-7, 47;
Hebrew, 55, 63, 132;
Latin, 117, 158-9, 162, 166, 167;
French, 164, 179;
English, 164, 188.
Languedoc, 157.
Lateran Council 769, 146.
Lateran Council 1215, 155.
law, 16, 27-8, 33, 35, 38-9, 65, 81-6, 98-9, 102-7, 114, 117-18, 120-1, 126-7, 161, 184, 212-13;
Hebraic, 54, 56, 63 n.;
codification of Roman law, 137-8, 153-4.
lawyers, 162-4, 167.
Le Clerc, 185.
legis actiones, 104-5.
Leipzig, 177.
Leo, 153.
Leo III, 144-5.
Leo IV, 146.
Leo V, 147.
Leo VI, 153.
Leo the Great, 137.
Leo the mathematician, 153.
Lesbos, 75.
L'Estrange, Roger, 186.
Leucippus, 92.
lex, 107.
lex Aebutia, 105.
lex Cornelia, 105.
lex Ogulnia, 104.
Leyden, 178, 180.
Liber, 101.
Libera, 101.
libraries, 46-7, 70, 97, 109-10, 112, 118, 119, 120, 122, 127-8, 131, 136, 137, 138, 140, 143-4, 147, 157-8, 169, 201.
Licinian laws, 103.
Licinius Crassus, 117.
Lincoln, Abraham, 203.
linen, 156-7.
linotype, 202.
Lisbon, 181.
literature, 26-7, 37-8, 46-7, 54-5, 72-3, 97, 113-4.
Livius Andronicus, 115.
Locke, 188, 191, 211.
Logos, 77, 92, 110.
Lollardy, 165.
London, 189.
Louis IV, 161.
Louis XIV, 190, 191, 192.
Louis Napoleon, 207.
Louis the Pious, 148.
Lucretius, 117.
Luke, 133.
Lull, 144.
Luther, 177, 178, 184.
Lycurgus, 99.
Lydia, 48, 57, 58, 75, 85, 99.
Lyons, 128, 159, 178, 179, 180, 181.
lyre, 72, 75.
lyrics, 75, 97, 116.
M
Macaulay, 191.
Machiavelli, 178.
Maecenas, 128.
Maeterlinck, 9.
Magic, 21.
Magna Mater, 122-3.
Magyars, 149.
Maimonides, 158.
Mainz, 174;
Archbishop of, 176.
Mallos, 116.
Manasseh, 56.
Manyikait, 154.
Marathon, 59.
Marcus Aurelius, 124, 129, 130.
Marcus Terentius Varro, 120.
Marduk, 38, 46, 59.
Marius, 121.
Mark, 133.
Marlowe, 182.
marriage, 39, 103.
Marseilles, 140, 145.
Marsilius, 161, 189.
Martel, Charles, 146.
Martial, 128.
Martin V, 165 n.
Marx, Karl, 210.
Marxism, 67.
mathematics, 33-4, 40-1, 77, 88, 110, 111, 156, 158, 187.
matriarchate, 25 n.
Medes, 48, 57.
medicine, 23, 92, 111, 157.
M-Engur, 35.
Megiddo, 22.
Mellitus, 146 n.
Memphis, 15, 47.
Menes, 6, 15.
mercantilism, 179, 185.
Merovingians, 140, 146.
Methodism, 195.
Michael, 153.
Milan, 135, 136.
Miletus, 57, 77, 91, 96.
Mill, J. S., 2.
Milton, 186, 188.
Minoan, 70.
minstrels, 71-6, 86.
minuscule, 147-8.
Mishna, 132.
Mitanni, 23, 42-3, 51.
Mithraism, 59-60, 87, 124-5, 135.
Mohammedanism, 140, 144-6, 150-3, 157-8, 172, 209.
monarchy, 13-17, 21-2, 24-5, 29, 34-5, 39, 55, 58, 64-5, 73-4, 81, 102, 108, 190, 191, 192;
French, 162-3.
monasticism, 141-7, 149, 157, 165, 167, 168, 172, 175, 182.
Mongols, 152, 156.
monophysitism, 137-8.
Montaigne, 179.
Monte Cassino, 142.
Montesquieu, 214.
Moret, 13, 21.
moria, 78-9, 86-7.
Moses, 54.
Mudie, 201.
mummification, 14, 23.
Murray, John, 6.
Music, 62, 72, 75, 81, 88, 99, 176.
Mycenea, 51.
N
Nabonidus, 57.
Nabonassar, 60.
Nabur, 38, 46.
Nantes, Edict of, 179, 185.
Napoleon, 199.
nationalism, 212.
Naucratis, 76.
Nebopolassar, 57.
Nebuchadnezzar, 76.
Nebuchadnezzar I, 43.
Nectanebo, 25.
Nehemiah, 62.
Nestorius, 137, 153.
Netherlands, 178, 180-1, 185-6, 189-90.
Newberry, John, 194.
News, 200-1.
newsbooks, 186.
news-letters, 181.
newspapers, 192-3, 198-9, 200, 216.
Newton, 187.
New York Herald, 200.
New York Tribune, 201.
Nicaea, 155;
Council of, 325, 135-6;
Council of, 787, 146-7.
Nicholas I, Pope, 154.
Nicholas II, 149.
Nietzsche, 94, 95.
Nigmed, 51.
Nile, 13, 20, 28, 30, 125.
Nilsson, 14, 72-3.
Nineveh, 46, 48, 57.
Ninlil,
38.
Nippur, 38.
Nisibis, 153.
Nordlingen, 170.
Northcliffe, 206.
novels, 193, 201.
O
Odyssey, 73, 97, 109, 115.
oligarchy, 17.
Olympic games, 81, 93.
Omayyah, 152.
oral tradition, 8, 14-15, 26, 37, 65, 68-71, 74-5, 79-80, 96-102, 104, 107, 117, 120, 150, 151, 160, 163-4, 171, 183.
Origen, 133.
original sin, 137, 211.
Orleans, Council of, 142.
Orphicism, 87-9.
Osiris, 13, 16, 20-1, 24, 110.
ostracism, 89.
Oswin, King, 144.
Otto the Great, 149.
Otto II, 149.
Otto III, 149.
ownership, 164, 190.
Oxford, 166.
P
P, 63.
Pachomios, 141.
Pahlavi, 58, 135.
painting, 153.
Palestine, 23, 50, 55, 66, 109, 138-9.
Palmyra, 124.
Pamphilus, 134.
Panaetius, 117.
Panathenaia, 86, 97.
paper, 141, 150-3, 155-8, 165, 167, 168, 171-2, 174-9, 183, 185, 189, 191, 192, 197, 199-200, 211.
paper, wood pulp, 203.
papyrus, 7-8, 10, 22, 23, 25, 29, 44, 49, 50, 51-2, 58, 75-6, 109, 113-4, 118-9, 125, 129, 139, 140, 141, 148, 152, 156, 167, 211;
making of, 17-18;
prices of, 111-12.
parchment, 44, 49, 50, 58, 112-13, 131-3, 137, 139, 140-1, 148, 149, 152, 165, 167, 168-9, 171, 172, 174, 183-4, 211, 216.
Paris, 149, 157, 162, 166, 169, 173, 175, 180, 199.
Paris, treaty of, 160.
Paris, University of, 144, 162, 169, 175, 178, 179.
parliament, 164, 180, 188, 189-90, 197.
Parmenides, 92.
Parthians, 134.
patria potestas, 106.
Pattison, Mark, 1, 8.
Paul, 133.
Paul, Pope, 146.
Pelagius, 137.
Pella, 132.
penny postage, 200.
pens, 168.
Pentateuch, 56.
Pepin, 146.
Pergamum, 107, 108, 112-13, 115, 116, 131.
Pericles, 97, 98.
Perseus, 118.
Persia, 12, 50, 57-61, 63, 64, 76, 90-1, 93, 98, 109, 134, 139, 153.
Petrarch, 166.
Petrie, Flinders, 26-7, 49.
Phaedrus, 67-8.
Philip, 100, 108, 122.
Philip the Fair, 162.
Philistines, 52, 54.
philology, 178.
philosophy, 78-80, 86-7, 91-3, 110-1, 114-15, 116, 129.
Phoenician, 44, 48, 50, 51, 52, 64, 66, 71, 75, 81.
Photius, 154.
photography, 205.
Phrygians, 50, 85.
physis, 78, 79, 92, 111.
Pindar, 93-4.
Pirenne, 10.
Pisa, 155.
Pisistratids, 86.
Empire and Communications Page 24
