From Yahweh to Zion

by Laurent Guyénot

  117Christopher Jones, New Heroes in Antiquity: From Achilles to Antinoos, Harvard University Press, 2009, p. 84.

  118Stefan Czarnowski, Le Culte des héros et ses conditions sociales, Félix Alcan, 1919, p. 27.

  119Joseph Mélèze Modrzejewski, The Jews of Egypt, op. cit., p. 228.

  120Walter Bauer, Orthodoxy and Heresy in Earliest Christianity (1934), Sigler Press, 1996; Robert I. Moore, The Formation of a Persecuting Society: Power and Deviance in Western Europe, 950–1250, Blackwell Publishing, 1987.

  121Elaine Pagels, The Gnostic Gospels, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1979, p. 16.

  122Simon Légasse, L’Évangile de Marc, Le Cerf, 1997, vol. 2, pp. 535–536.

  123Royston Lambert, Beloved and God: The Story of Hadrian and Antinous, Phoenix Giant, 1984 ; Christopher Jones, New Heroes in Antiquity, op. cit., pp. 75–83.

  124Silvestro Fiore, “Les origines orientales de la légende du Graal,” Cahiers de civilisation médiévale 10 (1967), pp. 207–219.

  125Bojana Mojsov, Osiris: Death and Afterlife of a God, Wiley-Blackwell, 2005, p. 116.

  126F. Pommerol, “Origine du culte des Vierges Noires,” Bulletin de la Société d’anthropologie de Paris, 1901, vol. 2, pp. 83–88, on www.persee.fr.

  127Françoise Dunand, Isis, mère des dieux, Actes Sud, 2008, pp. 280–286.

  128Claire Lalouette, Contes et récits de l’Égypte ancienne, Flammarion, 1995, p. 110.

  129Bojana Mojsov, Osiris, op. cit., p. 16.

  130See for example James Charlesworth, Jesus within Judaism, SPCK, 1989.

  131Acts 2:19–20, 2 Thessalonians 1:7, 2 Peter 3:7, Revelation 1:7 and 8:10–12.

  132Elaine Pagels, The Gnostic Gospels, op. cit., pp. 17–18.

  133Walter Bauer, Orthodoxie et hérésie au début du christianisme (1934), op. cit., p. 51.

  134Richard Rubenstein, Le Jour où Jésus devint Dieu, La Découverte, 2004, p. 256.

  135Michael Grant, The Jews in the Roman World, Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1973, pp. 283–284.

  136Amon Linder, The Jews in Roman Imperial Legislation, Wayne State University Press, 1987.

  137Jacob Neusner, Judaism and Christianity in the Age of Constantine: History, Messiah, Israel, and the Initial Confrontation, University of Chicago Press, 1987, p. ix.

  138Dimitri Obolensky, The Byzantine Commonwealth: Eastern Europe, 500–1453, Praeger, 1971, quoted in John Meyendorff, Byzantium and the Rise of Russia, Cambridge University Press, 1981, p. 2.

  139John Meyendorff and Aristeides Papadakis, The Christian East and the Rise of the Papacy, St. Vladimir’s Seminary Press, 1994, p. 211.

  140Read John Meyendorff, Byzantine Theology: Historical Trends and Doctrinal Themes, Fordham University Press, 1974.

  141Jonathan Harris, Byzantium and the Crusades, Hambledon Continuum, 2003, p. 56.

  142Jean Flori, Pierre l’Ermite et la Première Croisade, Fayard, 1999, pp. 266–267.

  143Raymond d’Aguilers, Histoire des Francs qui prirent Jérusalem. Chronique de la première croisade, Les Perséides, 2004, p. 165.

  144Read Amin Maalouf, The Crusades Through Arab Eyes, Schocken, 1989.

  145Robert de Clari, La Conquête de Constantinople, Champion Classiques, 2004, p. 171.

  146Steven Runciman, A History of the Crusades, vol. 3: The Kingdom of Acre and the Later Crusades (1954), Penguin Classics, 2016, p. 123.

  147Innocent III, paraphrased by Jonathan Harris, Byzantium and the Crusades, Hambledon Continuum, 2003, p. xiii.

  148Jonathan Harris, Byzantium and the Crusades, op. cit., p. 50.

  149Steven Runciman, A History of the Crusades, vol. 3, op. cit, p. 130.

  150Edwin Hunt, The Medieval Super-Companies: A Study of the Peruzzi Company of Florence, Cambridge University Press, 1994.

  151Sylvain Gouguenheim, Aristote au mont Saint-Michel. Les racines grecques de l’Europe chrétienne, Seuil, 2008.

  152Steven Runciman, A History of the Crusades, vol. 3, op. cit., p. 391.

  153John Meyendorff, Byzantium and the Rise of Russia, op. cit., p. 10.

  154Werner Sombart, The Jews and Modern Capitalism (1911) Batoche Books, 2001.

  155Abraham Léon, La Conception matérialiste de la question juive (1942), Kontre Kulture, 2013, p. 109.

  156Norman Golb, The Jews in Medieval Normandy: A Social and Intellectual History, Cambridge University Press, 1998.

  157Edward Freeman, The Reign of William Rufus and the Accession of Henry the First, Clarendon Press, 1882, vol. 1, pp. 160–161.

  158Kevin MacDonald, A People That Shall Dwell Alone: Judaism as a Group Evolutionary Strategy, Praeger, 1994, kindle 2013, k. 7218–26.

  159Arthur Koestler, The Thirteenth Tribe: the Khazar Empire and its Heritage, Hutchinson, 1976.

  160For a refutation of the Khazar hypothesis, read Shaul Stampfer, “Did the Khazars convert to Judaism,” Jewish Social Studies, vol. 19-3, spring/summer 2013, on the net.

  161Iwo Cyprian Pogonowski, Jews in Poland: A Documentary History; the Rise of the Jews as a Nation from Congressus Judaicus in Poland to the Knesset in Israel, Hippocrene Books, 1993, pp. 13–14.

  162Peter Schäfer, Jesus in the Talmud, Princeton University Press, 2007, pp. 82–93.

  163Michael Jones, The Jewish Revolutionary Spirit and its Impact on World History, Fidelity Press, 2008, pp. 118–123.

  164Yirmiyahu Yovel, L’Aventure marrane. Judaïsme et modernité, Seuil, 2011, p. 395.

  165Samuel Roth, Jews Must Live: An account of the persecution of the world by Israel on all the frontiers of civilization, 1934 (archive.org), ch. IX.

  166Isaac Kadmi-Cohen, Nomades: Essai sur l’âme juive, Felix Alcan, 1929 (archive.org), p. 145.

  167Bernard Lazare, L’Antisémitisme, son histoire et ses causes (1894), Kontre Kulture, 2011, pp. 71–73.

  168Heinrich Graetz, History of the Jews, Jewish Publication Society of America, 1891 (archive.org), vol. 4, pp. 116–119.

  169Nathan Wachtel, Entre Moïse et Jésus. Études marranes (XVe-XIXe siècle), CNRS éditions, 2013, p. 9.

  170Yirmiyahu Yovel, L’Aventure marrane, op. cit., pp. 119–120.

  171Kevin MacDonald, A People That Shall Dwell Alone, op. cit., k. 3337–39.

  172Yirmiyahu Yovel, L’Aventure marrane, op. cit., pp. 149–151.

  173Léon Poliakov, Histoire de l’antisémitisme (1981), tome 1, Seuil, 1991, p. 157.

  174Jean-Christophe Attias, Isaac Abravanel, la mémoire et l’espérance, Cerf, 1992, pp. 140, 111, 269, 276, quoted in Hervé Ryssen, Psychanalyse du judaïsme pp. 82–85.

  175Nathan Wachtel, Entre Moïse et Jésus, op. cit., p. 27.

  176Léon Poliakow, Histoire de l’antisémitisme (1981), op. cit.

  177Nathan Wachtel, Entre Moïse et Jésus op. cit., pp. 188, 187, 113.

  178Nathan Wachtel, Entre Moïse et Jésus, op. cit., pp. 210, 128–130.

  179Quoted in André Pichot, Aux origines des théories raciales, de la Bible à Darwin, Flammarion, 2008, pp. 52–66.

  180Americo Castro, The Spaniards: An Introduction to Their History, University of California Press, 1971, p. 75.

  181David Canelo, The Last Crypto-Jews of Portugal: The Story and History of Belmonte’s Judeo Community, Stampfer, 1990. Watch the documentary by Stan Neumann and Frederick Brenner, “The Last Marranos,” 1991.

  182Yirmiyahu Yovel L’Aventure marrane, op. cit., pp. 479, 483
, 347.

  183Bernard Lazare, L’Antisémitisme, son histoire et ses causes, op. cit., p. 91.

  184Cecil Roth, A History of the Marranos (1932), Meridian Books, 1959, p. 84.

  185Nathan Wachtel, Entre Moïse et Jésus, op. cit., pp. 27, 35.

  186Yirmiyahu Yovel, L’Aventure marrane, op. cit., p. 488.

  187Yirmiyahu Yovel, L’Aventure marrane, op. cit., p. 484.

  188Nathan Wachtel, La Foi du souvenir. Labyrinthes Marranes, Seuil, 2001, p. 26.

  189Cecil Roth, A History of the Marranos, op. cit., p. 106. The thesis was expounded by Simon Wiesenthal in Sails of Hope: The Secret Mission of Christopher Columbus, MacMillan, 1973.

  190Nathan Wachtel, La Foi du souvenir, op. cit., p. 20

  191Quoted in Nathan Wachtel, Entre Moïse et Jésus, op. cit., pp. 168, 171–172.

  192Nathan Wachtel, La Foi du souvenir, op. cit., pp. 14, 24–25, and Entre Moïse et Jésus, op. cit., p. 183.

  193André Pichot, Aux origines des théories raciales, op. cit., pp. 67–95.

  194Stanley Hordes, To the End of the Earth: A History of the Crypto-Jews of New Mexico, Columbia University Press, 2005; Richard Santos, Silent Heritage: The Sephardim and the Colonization of the Spanish North American Frontier, 1492–1600, New Sepharad Press, 2000.

  195Yirmiyahu Yovel, L’Aventure marrane, op. cit., pp. 185–191.

  196Yirmiyahu Yovel, L’Aventure marrane, op. cit., pp. 96–98, 141–143; Nathan Wachtel, Entre Moïse et Jésus, op. cit., pp. 54–65.

  197Michael Jones, The Jewish Revolutionary Spirit, op. cit., pp. 225–255. Bernard Lazare, L’Antisémitisme, son histoire et ses causes (1894), Kontre Kulture, 2011, p. 101.

  198Jacques Heers, La Naissance du capitalisme au Moyen ge. Changeurs, usuriers et grands financiers, Perrin, 2012, p. 105.

  199Gershom Scholem, La Kabbale, op. cit., pp. 137–142.

  200Youssef Hindi, Occident et Islam. Sources et genèse messianiques du sionisme, Sigest, 2015, pp. 42–46.

  201Heinrich Graetz, History of the Jews, op. cit., vol. 4, p. 423.

  202Elliott Horowitz, Reckless Rites: Purim and the Legacy of Jewish Violence, Princeton University Press, 2006, p. 12.

  203Jason Martin, “An Abandonment of Hope: Martin Luther and the Jews,” biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/churchman/107-04_331.pdf

  204Quoted in Kevin MacDonald, Separation and Its Discontents: Toward an Evolutionary Theory of Anti-Semitism, Praeger, 1998, kindle 2013, k. 4732–4877.

  205Moses Hess, Rome and Jerusalem: A Study in Jewish Nationalism, 1918 (archive.org), pp. 43, 74, 71.

  206Quoted in Alfred Lilienthal, What Price Israel? (1953), 50th Anniversary Edition, Infinity Publishing, 2003, p. 14.

  207Kaufmnann Kohler, Jewish Theology, Systematically and Historically Considered, Macmillan, 1918 (www.gutenberg.org), p. 290.

  208Lucien Wolf, Report on the “Marranos” or Crypto-Jews of Portugal, Anglo-Jewish Association, 1926.

  209Henry Kamen, The Spanish Inquisition: A Historical Revision, Yale University Press, 1998, p. 31.

  210Stephen Greenblatt, Hamlet in Purgatory, Princeton University Press, 2001.

  211Moses Hess, Rome and Jerusalem: A Study in Jewish Nationalism, 1918 (archive.org), pp. 82, 86.

  212Cecil Roth, A History of the Marranos (1932), Meridian Books, 1959, p. 100.

  213Cecil Roth, A History of the Jews in England (1941), Clarendon Press, 1964, p. 148.

  214Isaac Disraeli, Commentaries on the Life and Reign of Charles the First, King of England, 2 vols., 1851, quoted in Archibald Maule Ramsay, The Nameless War, 1952 (archive.org).

  215Menasseh ben Israel’s mission to Oliver Cromwell, being a reprint of the pamphlets published by Menasseh ben Israel to promote the re-admission of the Jews to England 1649–1656, ed. by Lucien Wolf, Macmillan & Co., 1901 (archive.org), p. xvi.

  216Cecil Roth, A History of the Jews in England, op. cit., p. 150.

  217Daniel Lindenberg, Destins Marranes. L’identité juive en question, Hachettes, 1997, pp. 47–93.

  218John Hale, “England as Israel in Milton’s Writings,” Early Modern Literary Studies, 2.2 (1996), pp. 31–54, on purl.oclc.org/emls/02-2/halemil2.html.

  219Tudor Parfitt, The Lost Tribes of Israel: The History of a Myth, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2002; Cecil Roth, A History of the Jews in England, op. cit., p. 155.

  220Albert Lantoine, Un précurseur de la franc-maçonnerie. John Toland (1670–1722), suivi de la traduction française du Pantheisticon de John Toland, Éditions E. Nourry, 1927.

  221L’Abbé Joseph Lémann, L’Entrée des Israélites dans la société française et les États chrétiens, 3e éd., 1886, p. 351.

  222Robert Kraynak, “The Idea of the Messiah in the Theology of Thomas Hobbes,” Jewish Political Studies Review, Fall 1992, on jcpa.org.

  223Karl Marx, On the Jewish Question, 1843, on www.marxists.org/archive.

  224Ignatius Balla, The Romance of the Rothschilds, Londres, 1913 (a book attacked by the Rothschilds in a slander appeal that they lost), quoted in Eustace Mullins, The Secrets of the Federal Reserve (1952), and in Hongbing Song, The Currency Wars, 2007.

  225David Hackett Fischer, Albion’s Seed: Four British Folkways in America, Oxford University Press, 1989, p. 17.

  226Cecil Roth, A History of the Marranos, op. cit., p. 148.

  227Hannah Arendt, The Origins of Totalitarianism, vol. 1: Antisemitism, Meridian Books, 1958, pp. 309–310.

  228Robert Blake, Disraeli (1966), Faber Finds, 2010, p. 202.

  229Benjamin Disraeli, Lord George Bentinck, Archibald, 1852 (archive.org), p. 496.

  230Repeated by his friend Lord Stanley, as quoted in Todd Endelman, The Self-Fashioning of Disraeli (1818–1851), eds. Charles Richmond and Paul Smith, Cambridge University Press, 1998, pp. 106–130.

  231Chaim Weizmann, Trial and Error, Harper & Brothers, 1949, p. 192.

  232Stanley Weintraub, Disraeli: A Biography, Hamish Hamilton, 1993, pp. 579, 547.

  233André Pichot, Aux origines des théories raciales, de la Bible à Darwin, Flammarion, 2008, pp. 124–143, 319.

  234Hilaire Belloc, The Jews, Constable & Co., 1922 (archive.org), p. 223.

  235YouTube, “Brzezinski: US won’t follow Israel like a stupid mule.” (https://youtu.be/ifEGiJ2ZxDM).

  236Carroll Quigley, The Anglo-American Establishment, From Rhodes to Cliveden (1949), Books In Focus, 1981.

  237The Complete Diaries of Theodor Herzl, edited by Raphael Patai, Herzl Press & Thomas Yoseloff, 1960, vol. 1, pp. 163–170.

  238Jill Duchess of Hamilton, God, Guns and Israel: Britain, the First World War and the Jews in the Holy City, History Press, 2013, k. 1731–52.

  239On www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Zionism/pinsker.html.

  240Theodor Herzl, The Jewish State, on www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org.

  241The Complete Diaries of Theodor Herzl, op. cit., vol. 1, pp. 362–363, 378–379, and vol. 3, p. 960.

  242Benzion Netanyahu, The Founding Fathers of Zionism (1938), Balfour Books, 2012, k. 2575.

  243Theodor Herzl, Zionism, state edition, 1937, p. 65, quoted in Benzion Netanyahu, The Founding Fathers of Zionism, op. cit., k. 1456–9.

  244Quoted in Ben Hecht, Perfidy, 1961 (www.hirhome.com), p. 224.

  245Benzion Netanyahu, The Founding Fathers of Zionism, op. cit., k. 1614–20.

  246Joachim Prinz, The Secret Jews, Random House, 19
73, p. 122; Wayne Madsen, “The Dönmeh: The Middle East’s Most Whispered Secret (Part I),” Strategic Culture Foundation, October 25, 2011, on www.strategic-culture.org.

  247Elliott Horowitz, Reckless Rites: Purim and the Legacy of Jewish Violence, Princeton University Press, 2006, pp. 122–125.