The Victors: Eisenhower and His Boys
Page 119
reelection of, 29, 496
at Teheran Conference, 65, 497
war production goals of, 57
Roosevelt, Theodore, Jr., 168, 258, 276, 278–79, 281, 284, 286, 287, 293, 579
Roseveare, A. J. C., 230–33
Rote, Larry, 344
Rougeyron, André, 101
Royal Air Force (RAF):
in Battle of Britain, 239–40
bombardment by, 93–99, 120, 227, 229, 239, 240, 248
Bomber Command of, 69, 93, 94, 95–96, 241, 405, 534
fighters of, 468
Royal Highland Regiment, Canadian, 540, 545–48
Royal Navy, 74–76, 512–14, 573–74
Royal Winnipeg Rifles, Canadian, 534, 539, 543, 545, 546
Rudder, James Earl, 398, 405, 408, 409, 410, 412, 413, 414, 416, 426, 576
Ruge, Friedrich, 67, 109, 112
Rulien, Warren, 347–48, 356
Rundstedt, Gerd von, 36, 37, 164
as Commander in Chief West, 63, 114
D-Day activities of, 218, 469, 480–81
as military strategist, 64, 115, 117, 118, 126n
Rommel and, 64, 67, 69, 175
Rupinski, Frank, 416
Russell, Ken, 198, 199, 210, 211
Ryan, Charles, 173, 467–68
Ryan, Cornelius, 371–72, 389
Ryan, George, 363–64
St.-Côme-de-Fresne, 518, 529–30
St.-Côme-du-Mont, 304–6
St.-Laurent, 119, 158, 321, 324, 422, 425, 445, 453, 459, 461–63, 469–470, 476, 477
St.-Leger, 526–27
St.-Lô, 248, 515
St.-Marcouf, 111, 257
Ste.-Marie-du-Mont, 102, 204–5, 285, 287, 301, 304, 306, 582
St.-Martin-de-Varreville, 286–87, 296–97
Ste.-Mère-Église, 22, 179, 203–4, 210–11, 217, 219, 236–37, 238, 295, 301–2, 305, 313–18
Salerno, 39, 40, 113, 117
Sales, Robert, 337
Salmuth, Hans von, 70, 186, 302
Salomon, Sidney, 401
Sampson, Otis, 316, 318
Samuel, Bernard, 495
Samuel Chase, 172, 182
Sanders, Ray, 246
Satterlee, 387, 406, 407, 410, 413–14, 416, 460
Satterwhite, William, 251
“sausages,” 152–53, 155, 162, 163
Sawyer, William, 308
Schilling, Walter, 343, 344
Schlemmer, D. Zane, 141, 220, 221, 296
Schlotterbeck, Vince, 474–76
Schmitz, Raymond, 155
Schneider, Max, 426, 427–28, 430, 432, 433, 453, 455
Schober, Robert, 373
Schultz, Arthur “Dutch,” 155, 160, 161, 194, 198, 202, 205–6, 227
Schweppenburg, Leo Geyr von, 70, 113
Schwerin, Gerhard von, 85
Scott-Bowden, Logan, 74–76
Scribner, Donald, 400–401, 402, 403, 404
Seabees, 279–80, 291, 367–68, 381, 473
Seaborne, Ronald, 261–62, 522–23, 525–27
Sears, Alfred, 325, 326
seasickness, 182, 183, 185, 261–62, 285–86, 325, 334, 343, 347, 478, 521, 522, 534
Sebastian, Julius, 316
Second Army, British, 108
2nd Ranger Battalion, U.S., 140–43, 173, 186, 398–417
Company A of, 398, 399, 404, 405, 410, 426–28
Company B of, 398, 399, 404, 405, 410, 426–28, 456
Company C of, 398, 399–405
Company D of, 398, 405–15
Company E of, 398, 405, 412, 415
Company F of, 398, 405, 412, 413, 415
2nd SS Panzer Division (Das Reich), 105–6, 113, 114
6th Airborne Division, British, 19–21, 47, 77, 91, 92, 119, 227–33, 516, 549, 568, 571, 573, 575
6th Engineer Special Brigade, U.S., 143–44, 152, 159, 373
6th Parachute Regiment, German, 116, 217–18, 238, 300, 301, 305–6
16th Infantry Regiment, U.S., 143, 157–58, 324, 335, 346–60, 384, 438, 447
Company E of, 349–52, 443–45, 446, 450
Company G of, 355–56, 442–46, 450, 466
Company L of, 346, 352–53
60mm mortars, 312, 324, 416
7th Armoured Division, British, 522
Seventh Army, German, 64, 73, 85, 177, 216, 302, 469, 534
Seventh Army, U.S., 60
VII Corps, U.S., 139, 480
7th Naval Beach Battalion, U.S., 370, 436
70th Tank Battalion, U.S., 281, 282, 283
75mm cannons, 274, 291, 304, 321, 444, 509, 517, 539, 540, 549, 550
709th Infantry Division, German, 34, 112, 116, 276, 469
716th Infantry Division, German, 112, 116, 176–77, 322–23, 517–518, 532, 566
741st Tank Battalion, U.S., 421, 462
743rd Tank Battalion, U.S., 121, 144, 272, 362, 459
Seine River, 77, 97, 98, 99, 120
Seitzler, Henry, 423–24, 484
Semchuck, Charles, 404
Semmes, James, 385
Services of Supply (SOS), 133, 147, 148
Severloh, Hein, 322
Shakespeare, William, 171, 550
Shea, J. T., 339–40, 422, 423
Shearer, Penrose, 210
Shettle, Charles, 193, 205, 217, 236, 239, 253, 306–7, 319
Shiffer, Ken, 385
Shoff, Guy, 417
Short, Walter, 496
Shroeder, H. W., 354, 356–57
Shubrick, 386–87
Sicily, 39, 40, 51, 60, 112, 113, 117, 179, 194, 346
Sidey, Hugh, 53
Sidlowski, Walter, 143, 172
Simmons, Conrad, 278, 279, 284
Sink, Captain, 425
Sink, Robert, 161
Sizemore, Gene, 258
Skidmore, Charles, 159, 220
Skinner, Cornelia Otis, 485
Slappey, Eugene, 167–68
Slapton Sands, 85, 136–40, 292
Slater, “Duke,” 406
Slattery, Dr., 393
Slaughter, John Robert, 132, 152–153, 154, 171, 343–44, 460, 580
Slazac, 256, 552
Smith, Al, 440
Smith, Joe, 325–26, 388–89
Smith, Private, 222
Smith, Thor, 136
Smith, Walter A., 336
Smith, Walter B., 70, 75, 76, 97, 108, 180, 187
Smithson, Ray, 316
Sodenstern, Georg von, 113
Solkin, W. N., 270–71
Sommers, Martin, 262, 263
Sorenson, Clifford, 287
Sours, John, 339
South, Frank, 406, 410, 412–13
Soviet Union:
D-Day announcement in, 507–8
German invasion of, 27–28, 33, 42
as threat to Western Europe, 96
Spaatz, Carl, 32, 93, 94, 95, 239, 241
Spaulding, John, 349–52, 356, 358, 442, 443–45, 446, 449, 579
Special Air Service (SAS), 174–75, 216, 302
Special Operations Executive (SOE), 56, 99, 101, 102, 103, 104–5
Speer, Albert, 36
Speidel, Hans, 70, 99, 190, 302
Stagg, J. M., 183, 187, 188, 189
Stalin, Joseph:
Allied support for, 28, 40, 497, 508
D-Day invasion and, 497, 508
Overlord supported by, 65, 118
at Teheran Conference, 65, 497
Stalingrad, Battle of, 28, 81
Stanley, Oliver, 502
Steele, John, 210, 211
Stein, Gertrude, 505–6
Stephens, Allen, 244
Steward, Robert, 375
Stivison, William, 407, 417
Stone, Major, 535–36
Storeby, Clayton, 198, 206
Storms, Sergeant, 338
Streczyk, Philip, 350–51, 443, 444, 446
Street, Jack, 416
Strobel, Wallace, 193–94
Strong, Kenneth, 187
submarines:
Allied, 74–76, 509, 512–14, 540
German, 32, 80, 86, 126, 139, 150, 163, 170, 177, 259, 260, 265–66
Sullivan, Charles, 367
Sullivan, H. P., 271–72
Sullivan, Richard, 471
Summers, Harrison, 297–99, 301, 303, 304
Summersby, Kay, 195
Sundby, Sigurd, 409
Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF), 69, 75
assault strategy of, 90, 94–97
briefings by, 156
censorship by, 490
communiqué of, 302–3, 483, 489–90
francs printed by, 180
G-2 division of, 98, 164
Meteorologic Committee of, 183
Svenner, 256, 265–66, 555
Sweeney, Tod, 569
Sword Beach, 549–66
Allied military forces assigned to, 77, 91, 119
antitank ditches at, 509, 550, 551
batteries at, 549–52, 554–55, 568
casualties at, 550, 557, 558, 561
commandos at, 550, 551–52, 553–557, 560, 564, 569–70, 571
defenses of, 112, 227–28, 230, 517, 549–50, 577
French civilians at, 555, 557–59, 562, 570
gap between Juno Beach and, 551, 552, 564, 576
German counterattack at, 517–18, 564–66, 567, 570
glider landings at, 572–73, 574, 575
gun emplacements at, 549–50
houses at, 554
landing craft for, 170, 510, 514, 550–51, 552, 553, 555–56, 557, 560, 566
military objectives for, 91, 119, 566, 575
mining of, 509, 550, 551, 560
mortar attack at, 550, 553, 555, 557, 561
naval bombardment of, 513, 552, 570
naval reconnaissance for, 74–76, 509, 512–14
naval support for, 256, 573–74
obstacles at, 517, 549, 550
paratrooper support at, 91, 92, 227, 234, 549, 564, 567–75
Peter sector of, 550
prisoners at, 559–60, 561–62, 564, 566, 572, 574
Queen sector of, 550
Roger sector of, 550
snipers at, 553, 561, 570, 572
tanks for, 509–10, 511, 512, 514, 550–51, 557, 561, 564, 574–75
Utah Beach compared with, 515
Talley, Benjamin, 436, 442
tanks:
beach support for, 74–76
bridge-carrying, 54, 509, 510, 542–543, 551
bulldozer, 221, 275, 280, 281, 358, 375, 396, 423, 473, 542, 551
Churchill, 509, 510, 542, 543n, 550, 567, 570
as close-support artillery, 137
DD (duplex drive), 54, 108, 121, 126, 127–28, 144, 181, 256, 267, 268, 271, 272n, 275, 277, 282, 324, 325, 346, 348–49, 358, 509–512, 514, 539, 540, 543, 550
fake rubber, 113
fascine-carrying, 509, 542, 551
flail, 510, 511, 524, 541–42, 551
Goliath miniature, 112, 277, 282
Mk VIII AVRE, 510
mortars on, 509–10
preparation of, 144, 169
Renault, 311
Sherman, 76, 257, 271–74, 275, 283, 304, 334, 362, 363, 374, 452, 453, 509, 537, 540, 550, 551, 567
specialized, 54, 509–10, 511, 520, 541–43, 551
thrashing (“Crab”), 54
Tiger, 37, 105, 567
Tatara, Ed, 355–56
Taylor, George, 356, 359, 381, 404, 440
Taylor, James, 249
Taylor, John, 202
Taylor, Maxwell, 52, 197, 206–7, 284–85, 299, 301, 304
Taylor, Nigel, 569, 572–73, 575
Tedder, Arthur, 67, 69, 95, 96, 183, 187, 189, 241
Tegtmeyer, Charles, 437
Teheran Conference (1943), 65, 497
Telegraph Cottage, 66, 67
Tennyson, Alfred, Lord, 341, 583
Terry, Corporal, 476
Tetty (Resistance member), 105
Texas, 120, 170, 257, 268, 269, 369, 405, 422, 423, 427, 478
Thayer, Ed, 59
Third Army, U.S., 82
3rd Infantry Division, British, 77, 91n, 119, 166, 227, 548, 550–66
3rd Infantry Division, Canadian, 77, 119, 166, 532–48, 577
37mm guns, 439, 539
320th Barrage Balloon Battalion (Colored), U.S., 144, 372
352nd Infantry Division, German, 116, 176–77, 323, 360, 442, 445, 454, 461, 468, 469, 470, 523, 527
12th Infantry Regiment, U.S., 156–157, 286, 287–88, 290, 292
12th SS Panzer Division, German, 114–15, 481, 567
20mm antiaircraft guns, 411, 428
Twenty-first Army Group, British, 108, 119, 126, 156
21st Panzer Division, German, 114, 116, 149, 190, 218–19, 516–17, 518, 548, 564–66, 567
29th Infantry Division, U.S., 76–77, 119, 124, 132–34, 137, 166, 175, 177, 256, 260, 323, 431n, 463, 577
299 Engineer Combat Battalion, U.S., 275, 278
237 Engineer Combat Battalion, U.S., 275, 278, 280–82
Thomas, Charles, 348
Thomas, David, 140, 155, 160–61, 308
Thomas Jefferson, 181–82
Thompson, Paul, 136–37, 144, 163, 379
Thornton, Jacqueline Noel, 557–59
Thornton, John, 558, 559
Thornton, Wagger, 570
Tidrick, Edward, 329
Tighe, Lieutenant, 282
Tillett, John, 574–75
Time, 53, 491n, 493–94, 507
Times (London), 126, 127
Timmes, Charles, 309
Tlapa, Ladislaw, 210
TNT, 279, 423, 425, 452
Tobruk, 49
Tobruks, 110, 112, 270, 321, 402, 444, 446, 517
Todd, Richard, 569
Tomlinson, Lynn, 226
torpedoes, bangalore, see bangalore torpedoes
Transportation Plan, 94–99, 103, 240, 245
Tremblay, Frank, 192
Trevor, Travis, 408
True, William, 201, 204n
Tucker, William, 314n
Tunney, Gene, 138
Turnbull, Turner, 314, 315–16, 317
U-boats, 80, 150, 163
Ulan, Sidney, 199
Ultra, 54–55, 56, 60, 80, 84, 102, 164
Underwater Demolition Team (UDT), 262, 519, 520, 535, 539, 550
United States:
D-Day announcement in, 486–500
German POWs in, 500
segregation in, 372, 499
war production in, 25, 41, 45, 46, 56–57, 352, 387, 487–88, 494, 499–500
women in, 488–89
Upham, John, 362–63
Utah Beach, 275–93
air bombardment of, 241, 245–48, 251, 276, 278
air reconnaissance of, 127
Allied advance at, 483
Allied military forces assigned to, 76, 77, 119
Allied reinforcements for, 292, 317–18
artificial harbor near, 258
atrocities at, 307–8
batteries at, 111, 112, 118–19, 257, 286, 301, 302, 399, 415–16
British beaches compared with, 515
casualties at, 290–91, 292, 308, 316–17, 319
causeways behind, 108, 112, 179, 234, 237, 283–84, 297, 300, 308, 309–13, 319
combat engineers at, 143
defenses of, 111, 247, 293
demolition teams at, 275, 278, 279–82
exits from, 91, 112, 234, 276, 279, 284–85, 295, 296, 299, 300, 319
fixed fortifications of, 276, 411, 577
gap between Omaha Beach and, 321
German counterattack at, 91, 117, 277, 278, 281, 293, 300–13, 317
gun emplacements at, 112, 281, 417
infantry landings on, 275–93
landing craft for, 127–28, 170, 244, 246, 256, 275, 276, 281, 285–86
military objectives for, 119, 292–93, 575
mining of, 276, 281–82, 283–84, 290, 292, 293
mortar attack at
, 550
naval bombardment of, 244, 266, 275, 278, 290
obstacles at, 279–82
Omaha Beach compared with, 321, 403, 456, 576
Ost battalions at, 34, 112, 282
paratrooper support at, 91, 92, 108, 178–79, 227, 234, 236, 284–85, 293, 294–319, 403, 456
prisoners at, 282, 284, 315
sand dunes at, 110, 112, 278, 279
scale model for, 278
seawall at, 278, 279, 280
tanks for, 127–28, 275, 276, 277, 280, 281, 282–83, 511
Tare Green sector of, 262, 275
trench system at, 112, 277
Uncle Red sector of, 275
Valance, Thomas, 328–29
Vander Beek, Howard, 262, 267–68, 276
Vandervoort, Benjamin, 206, 222, 314, 315, 317
Van de Voort, Leo, 345
Van Fleet, James, 127–28, 131–32, 278–79, 283, 284, 293
Van Riper, Lieutenant, 581
Varaville, 570, 571
Vaughan, John, 21
Vermeer, Elmer “Dutch,” 407, 408, 413, 414, 417
Vierville, 119, 264, 321–28, 331, 385, 399–405, 414, 419, 420–26, 430, 431, 433, 453, 456–63, 477
Vierzig, Major, 565
Villerville, 268–69
Vion, Madame, 102
Vire, 468, 469
Vogel, Detlef, 118, 150
Volksdeutsche, 33
V-1 rocket, 37, 53, 482, 578–79
V-2
rocket, 31, 37, 53
Vullo, Tony, 431
Waarvick, Martin, 272–73
Wade, W. L., 386
Waffen-SS, 35, 36, 52, 53, 68
Wakefield, Orval, 280, 291–92
Walk, Frank, 378–79
Walker, Robert, 133, 173, 322, 323, 340–41, 352, 420
Wall Street, 493–94
Wall Street Journal, 494
Wallwork, Jim, 142, 197, 228
Warfield, William, 463
Warlimont, Walter, 37, 191
Warspite, 257, 266, 268–69, 549
Wartime (Fussell), 48–49
Washington, William, 446–47
Weast, Carl, 48, 344, 432, 433, 457–458, 470–71
Webb, Etienne Robert, 552–53
“Weekly Intelligence Summary No. 11,” 98, 164
Wehrmacht:
AEF compared with, 52–53, 160, 303–4
ammunition supplies of, 454
as army of occupation, 149
blitzkrieg tactics of, 27, 131
command structure of, 68–69, 114, 117, 303, 480–81, 579
defensive strategy of, 27–28, 52, 64, 145, 216, 469
deployment of, 113–19
envelopment resisted by, 92
fuel supplies of, 95, 115
Hitler’s views on, 26, 35
invincibility of, 160
mobility of, 115, 116–17
morale of, 149–50, 176
Ost battalions of, 34, 48, 149–50, 176, 424–25, 518, 532, 571, 578, 579
quality of troops in, 27, 33–35, 48, 52–53, 150, 301
“stand and die” mentality of, 36
training of, 115–16, 149–50