Kids for Cash
Page 27
JCB complaint about, 112, 113
and laundering of finder’s fees, 60, 66, 127, 157–58
and PA Child Care audit, 128
and PA Child Care project, 45–49
and payments to judges, 62–63, 75, 116–18
relationship of Ciavarella and, 122–25
sentencing of, 230
wealth of, 110
private juvenile detention facilities, 254–55
probation office, 49
nepotism in, 101
and waivers of counsel, 238–39
probation officers:
Ciavarella’s influence over, 56
Ciavarella’s instructions to, 49
in conspiracy of silence, 90, 92–93
and waivers of right to counsel, 92–93
zero tolerance policy support from, 96
public defenders:
budget for, 95
in conspiracy of silence, 90, 94–96
income measure for, 249
state financing for, 249–50
public officials, in conspiracy of silence, 89
public schools:
corruption in, 96–97
politicization of, 21–22
school-to-prison pipeline, 79, 97–98
Public Welfare Department:
audits by, 83–86, 128
and Juvenile Law Center case, 155
and ramping-up process, 50
responsibilities of, 82–83
recidivism:
Ciavarella’s claim about, 107–8
and placement vs. rehabilitation, 59
reform of juvenile justice, 247–60
anti-shackling rule, 250–51
appeals process, 252–53
and children as different from adults, 258–59
and conspiracy of silence, 256–58
hearings on. see Interbranch Commission on Juvenile Justice
Judicial Conduct Board oversight, 255–56
and Juvenile Law Center, 57, 142
legal representation, 248–60
on-the-record statements justifying sentences, 250
open juvenile court hearings, 251–52
school-to-prison pipeline, 254–55
state ombudsman for monitoring/investigation, 253–54
rehabilitation:
of children vs. adults, 38
Ciavarella on, 31
denial of, 56
as goal of juvenile court, 55
Justice Policy Institute study of, 77
Muroski’s emphasis on, 106
Pennsylvania’s emphasis on, 56–57
and recidivism, 59
and zero tolerance policy, 41
Rendell, Edward, 44, 130
Richman, Estelle, 132
Ridge, Tom, 64
right to counsel:
importance of, 248–49
informing defendants of, 36–37, 78
reforms related to, 248–60
waiver of. see waiver of right to counsel
River Street Center, 42, 45, 203–4
media campaign against, 47–48
returned license of, 49–50
Rogers, Donald, 32
Roman Catholic Church, 88
Rosado, Lourdes, 220
Rules of Juvenile Court Procedure, 93, 152, 155
Rules of Professional Conduct, 89, 91
Russin, Basil G., 144
in conspiracy of silence, 90, 94–96
criticism of, 246
at hearings, 239–41
and investigation of judges, 173
Ruzzo, William:
at Ciavarella’s trial, 188–89, 199, 201–2, 206, 214
dual role of, 185
and sentencing, 218
Sachney, Jerry, 67–68
Scalleat, Joseph, 33
Scalleat family, 33
scandals:
involving elected judges, 30–31
kids-for-cash, 13–16
school officials:
Ciavarella praised by, 14, 36, 127
in conspiracy of silence, 96–99
school-to-prison pipeline, 79, 97–98, 233, 240, 254–55
school violence, Ciavarella’s stance on, 35–36
Schwartz, Robert, 141, 142
hearing testimony of, 244–45
on juvenile justice system pipeline, 77–78
and King’s Bench petition, 165–66
on out-of-home detention, 58
on reforms, 249, 251–53
and second King’s Bench petition, 168, 169
and Hillary Transue’s case, 144
on treatment of children in Luzerne County, 14
Segilia, John, 22
sentences, on-the-record justifications of, 250
shackling, 103–4, 250–51
Shah, Riya, 144, 152
Shapp, Milton J., 32
Sharkey, William, 113
silence. see conspiracy(-ies) of silence
Skrepenak, Greg, 23–24, 84–85
Smith, Peter J., 200, 216, 224–25
Southerton, Richard, 165
Special Juvenile Victim Compensation Fund, 251
Stahl, Brian, 200
Stahl, Lauren, 186, 187
state ombudsman, for monitoring/investigation, 253–54
Sunday Times of London, 14–15
Super Lawyers, 45
teachers:
jobs for, 96–97, 140
threats of sending kids to Ciavarella by, 103
Tennessee, 252
Teske, Steven, 254
“Test, Punish and Push Out,” 79
Texas, 248, 252
transparency, lack of, 16
Transue, Hillary, 133–40, 183–84
and appeals process reform, 253
and Ciavarella’s sentencing, 219, 222–24
and Jessica Van Reeth, 149–50
Juvenile Law Center case for, 142–46, 152, 155
Transue, Laurene:
and Ciavarella’s sentencing, 219–23
at Ciavarella’s trial, 183, 184, 189, 192, 197, 199–201, 208, 211, 212
and Hillary’s placement, 133–40, 143–45
on verdict in Ciavarella’s trial, 216–17
Uhler, John C., 92, 235
Umphred, Lori, 32
unions, 19
United Mine Workers (UMWA), 19, 20
Urban, Stephen, 85
Urbina, Ian, 15
Ursiak, Jonathan, 95–96, 145, 153
U.S. Attorney’s Office, 159, 164
U.S. Supreme Court, 141, 142
USA Today, 251
Utah, 249
vacated cases, 175–78, 242
Vadella, Joseph, 22
Van Reeth, Jack, 147, 149
Van Reeth, Jessica, 146–52, 155
Vita, Frank, 53, 81, 96, 101, 109–10, 128–29, 240
Volpe, Santo, 18–19, 23
Vonderheid, Todd, 84–85
waiver of right to counsel, 91–92, 151–55
frequency of, 175
hearing testimony about, 238–39, 241
probation officers’ advice on, 92–93, 136
and public defenders’ budget, 95
reform of, 248–49
restrictions on, 92
Webby, Ferris, 36, 76
Western PA Child Care, 65–66, 115, 122, 128, 168
wilderness camp, 9, 54, 60–61
Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, 22–23, 103
Wilkes-Barre Area School District, 22, 36, 97
Wilkes-Barre Area Vocational Technical School administrators, 14
Wilkes-Barre Times-Leader:
on corruption in schools, 97
early series of articles by, 4, 257
Guydish’s reporting in, 72–74
letter praising Ciavarella in, 14
and PA Child Care audit, 85, 127–28
scandal reporting by, 163
Wilkes University, 29
Williams, Ronald P., 238–39
Wilson, Mary Ellen, 37–38
Wolensky, Robert, 20, 102
Woodruff, Dwayne, 92, 234–35, 237
Wyoming Valley Catholic Youth Center, 30
Yeager, Joseph, 31, 32
Yeager, Marie J., 168, 169
Youth on Trial (Thomas Grisso and Robert G. Schwartz), 77–78
Zappala, Gregory, 45, 66, 161
zero tolerance policy, 39–40
absurdities engendered by, 40
American Bar Association opposition to, 41
Ciavarella’s expansion of, 49
and the conspiracy of silence, 90
and filling of PA Child Care, 51
hearing testimony about, 239–40
mainstream support for, 233
officials’ support for, 96
and placement vs. rehabilitation, 106
Zerubavel, Eviatar, 88–89
Zubrod, Gordon, 185–86
on Ciavarella’s tactics, 225
at Ciavarella’s trial, 187–88, 191–94, 197, 199–200, 207–9
and sentencing, 218, 220–23
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