Rising Star

by David J. Garrow

  57. Outlines/Blacklines Candidate Questionnaire ’98, 9 October 1998, in Baim, Obama and the Gays, p. 191; “Endorsements for the Illinois Senate,” CT, 12 October 1998; Minow in Lauren A. E. Schuker, “Obama Stars at Convention,” HC, 30 July 2004, in Carrie Budoff Brown, “Obama: The Journey of a Confident Man,” Politico, 28 August 2008, and in Seth Stern, “A Commander in Chief,” Harvard Law Bulletin, Fall 2008; Jodi Kantor, “For a New Political Age, a Self-Made Man,” NYT, 28 August 2008; James T. Kloppenberg, Reading Obama (Princeton University Press, 2011), p. 74; CF, 16, 19, 20, and 22 October 1998; Citizens for Lightford, Report of Campaign Contributions and Expenditures, 1 July 1998–31 December 1998, 1 February 1999, p. 4; Lightford in Ron Fournier (AP), “Obama’s Life and Record in Springfield, Ill., Hint at the President He Would Be,” 17 June 2007, in Eli Saslow, “From Outsider to Politician,” WP, 9 October 2008, p. A1, and in Remnick, The Bridge, p. 302; Lightford’s 2000 interview with Adele Hodge; Friends of Barack Obama, Report of Campaign Contributions and Expenditures, 1 July 1998–31 December 1998, 28 January 1999; Obama, “Public Policy in the 21st Century,” Loyola University of Chicago, 19 October 1998; Doug Dobmeyer and Asma Ali, “Research Conference Links Universities and Community Efforts in Chicago,” PRAGmatics 2 #1 (Winter 1999), p. 8; “Edgar’s Last Veto Session,” CWR 14 #8, 21 October 1998; DJG interviews with Martha Minow, Ira Silverstein, Lisa Madigan, Kim Lightford, and Doug Dobmeyer.

  58. Obama to Julia Stasch and to Sondra C. Ford, 28 October 1998; Tim Novak, “Obama’s Letters for Rezko,” CST, 13 June 2007, p. 8; Mike Robinson (AP), “Obama’s Relationship with Alleged Fixer,” 22 January 2008; “Complete Transcript of the Sun-Times Interview with Barack Obama,” SunTimes.com, 14 March 2008; “State Senate Picks,” CST, 29 October 1998, p. 29; CF, 29 October, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 12, 13, 18, 19, and 20 November, 1, 2, 4, 7, 9, 11, 14, 18, 21, 23, 24, and 30 December 1998, 19 and 27 January 1999; Michael Sneed, “Sneed,” CST, 3 November 1998, p. 4; Brett Schaeffer, “Elections Expected to Yield Few Surprises,” HPH, 4 November 1998, p. 3; “Illinois Senate,” and Steve Kloehn, “Care Amendment Has Way to Go,” CT, 5 November 1998; Jennifer Paradise, “Steering Committee Notes,” 9 November 1998, SHP; “Local Incumbents Re-Elected in Landslide,” HPH, 11 November 1998, p. 2; Bernard Schoenburg, SJ-R, 12 November 1998, p. 7; “Incumbency Important in ’98 Elections,” CWR 14 #9, 3 December 1998; Obama, “Inside Illinois Government,” UIS TV, 3 December 1998; Minutes, CAC Board of Directors Meeting, 10 December 1998; Scott Lynch-Giddings diary, 11 December 1998; Stephen S. Morrill, “Client Report for 1998 Veto Session,” Morrill and Associates, December 1998; “Veto Session Provides Sparks, No Fire,” CWR 14 #10, 18 December 1998, p. 2; Steve Neal, “Black Candidates Flex More Political Muscle,” CST, 23 December 1998, p. 9; Mark Brown, “New Kid on the Block,” II, April 1999, pp. 14–20 (Dan Hynes); Redfield, Money Counts, p. 77; Ron Jacobs, Obamaland (Trade Publishing, 2008), p. 122; “Native Moberlyan Served in Senate with Obama,” Moberly Monitor-Index, 24 October 2008; Halvorson, Playing Ball with the Big Boys, p. 32; DJG interviews with Terry Link, Debbie Halvorson, Pat Welch, John Charles, Dan Shomon, Dave Joens, and Scott Lynch-Giddings.

  59. UCLS Announcements 1998–99, p. 67; UCLS Course Evaluations, Winter 1999 (showing a 9.7 mark for Barack from a total of ten respondents); CF, 28 December 1998, 12 and 14 January, 3, 4 February 1999; Tim Novak, “Pols’ Museum Perk May Violate State’s Gift Ban,” CST, 11 January 1999, p. 10; Christi Parsons and Rick Pearson, “Museums Rethinking Political Free Passes,” CT, 12 January 1999; Senate Floor Transcript, 13 January 1999, pp. 3, 5, 16; “Sens. Jones, Obama Vow to Continue Fairness Fight,” CD, 14 January 1999, p. 3; “In the Law Schools,” CDLB, 18 January 1999, p. 3; “New Governor, Executive Officers Sworn In,” CWR 14 #11, 4 February 1999; “A Story of Race,” Jodi Solomon Speakers Bureau, Boston, n.d.; Kennedy Communications, “State Senator Barack Obama, Candidate for the U.S. Senate: Background Report,” April 2003, RRP; Obama, “Politics, Race and the Common Good,” Carleton College, Northfield, MN, 5 February 1999; Shuchi Anand, “Speaker Ushers in Black History Month,” Carletonian, 12 February 1999, pp. 1, 3; Obama, TAOH, p. 340; Schoenburg’s 2009 interview with Mark DePue, p. 89; Jim Edgar’s 28 May 2010 interview with DePue, pp. 676–78; Halvorson, Playing Ball with the Big Boys, p. 45; DJG interviews with Heather Sullivan, Laura Mullens Nolen, Dan Shomon, Lisa Madigan, Ira Silverstein, Dave Sullivan, and Bob Bennett.

  60. CF, 8, 11, 12, 16, 18, 24, 25, 26 February 1999; “Richard Daley for Mayor,” CT, 7 February 1999; Rick Pearson, “Rush Can’t Make Dent in Daley’s Huge Lead,” CT, 14 February 1999; James Hill and Cornelia Grumman, “Rush Fires Up Backers as Daley Plays It Cool,” CT, 14 February 1999; Flynn McRoberts and Laurie Cohen, “Challenger Sees Self as Man of the People,” CT, 16 February 1999; JCAR Minutes, 17 February 1999; Pearson, “Daley Triumphs in Landslide,” CT, 24 February 1999; Hill, “Rush Sees Gains, but Few Agree,” CT, 25 February 1999; “Committee Assignments,” CWR 14 #12, 26 February 1999; E. J. Dionne, “A Mayoral Confession,” WP, 26 February 1999, p. A27; R. Bruce Dold, “Politics of Race Almost Ignored,” CT, 26 February 1999; Adam Cohen, “The Frame Game,” Time, 21 March 1999; Steve Mills, “What Killed Illinois’ Death Penalty,” CT, 10 March 2011; Rush’s 1988 interview with Blackside’s Terry Rockefeller, his 2000 and 2001 ones with Julieanna Richardson, and his 2005 one with Julian Bond; Dirk Johnson, “A Politician’s Life, from Militant to Mainstream,” NYT, 3 June 1990; Don Wycliff, “Soul Survivor,” CT Magazine, 16 November 2003; Jennifer Yachnin, “Lawsuits, Debts Plague Rep. Bobby Rush,” Roll Call, 1 March 2011; Katherine Skiba, “Numerous Battles Haven’t Slowed Rep. Bobby Rush,” CT, 19 September 2011; DJG interviews with Claire Eberle, Jim Rea, and Brad Burzynski.

  61. Senate Floor Transcripts, 2 February 1999, p. 5 (introducing SB 166, his EITC bill), 17 February 1999, p. 8, 24 February 1999, pp. 8–9, 16–18, 29, 25 February 1999, pp. 20, 23, 32, 26 February 1999, p. 25; Northwestern News Release, “Rep. Jesse Jackson Jr. and Sen. Barack Obama Featured at Diversity Week,” 24 February 1999; “NU Launches Diversity Week,” CDLB, 26 February 1999, pp. 3, 20; CF, 3, 4, 5, 9, 10, 11, and 12 March 1999; Ray Long and Michelle Brutlag, “State Legislator Talks as Witnesses and Bills Wait,” CT, 4 March 1999; Kurt Erickson, “DUI: Debating Under the Influence?,” BP, 4 March 1999, p. A3; George Pawlaczyk (AP), “Meeting in Secrecy, Illinois Agency Gives Tax Dollars for Executive Perks,” BND, 8 March 1999; Senate Floor Transcript, 11 March 1999, pp. 63–64 (58–0–0 Senate passage of Barack’s entirely technical SB 565, with 117–0–0 House passage on 5 May and signed into law 29 July 1999 as PA 91-354) and 74 (Obama correcting his vote on SB 485 from no to yes); R. Eden Martin, “Memo to File Re: Barack Obama,” 12 March 1999, REMP; Andy Davis, “Influential Civic Group Picks New Leadership,” CT, 23 June 1999; PR Newswire, “Second Harvest Announces New President and CEO,” 18 December 1999; Joyce Foundation, 1998 Annual Report, esp. pp. 2–3; Joyce Foundation, Work in Progress, January 1999; Jeff Borden, “In New Role, Leff Out to Reap Gains for Second Harvest,” CCB, 25 January 1999; James Janega, “New Leader to Take Over Joyce Foundation Control,” CT, 28 April 1999; Joyce Foundation, Work in Progress, May 1999, p. 22; Jennifer Cassell, “Joyce Foundation’s New Chief to Focus on Jobs, Environment,” CST, 11 June 1999, p. 20; DJG interviews with Joe Seliga, Eden Martin, Dan Rabinovitz, Rob and Lisa Fisher, and Thom Thacker. See also David Freddoso, The Case Against Barack Obama (Regnery, 2008), pp. 169–71, reporting Republican state senator Patrick O’Malley’s recollection that on 25 February 1999 Barack in the Judiciary Committee initially voted present on O’Malley’s Senate Resolution 26, opposing U.S. participation in the International Criminal Court, before switching to yes, and then not voting when the Senate on 3 March passed it 55–1–1. Senate Floor Transcript, 3 March 1999, pp. 11–12.

  62. Joe Mahr, “Criminal Code Due for a Cleanup,” SJ-R, 14 March 1999, p. 1 (and PJS, 15 March and ECN, 29 March); Ron Eckstein, “Rush Refocuses on Congress, Working with Daley,” CT, 14 March 1999;
CF, 15, 16, 17, 18, and 29 March 1999; JCAR Minutes, 16 March 1999; Senate Floor Transcript, 16 March 1999, p. 29 (Obama introducing Senate Joint Resolution 24 to name I-57 from Cairo to Chicago the Thurgood Marshall Memorial Freeway); “From Welfare to Work,” Chicago Independent Bulletin, 18 March 1999, p. 15; Cornelia Grumman and Rick Pearson, “Ryan Agonized, but Confident He ‘Did the Right Thing,’” CT, 18 March 1999; Senate Floor Transcript, 18 March 1999, pp. 3, 127–32; Minutes, CAC Board of Directors, 18 March 1999; “Kreiter & Tejeda,” CDH, 20 March 1999, p. I-8; Senate Floor Transcript, 23 March 1999, pp. 43–44 (SB 1055) and 273–78 (SB 929); Senate Floor Transcript, 24 March 1999, pp. 64–65 (passage of Obama’s SB 561 59–0–0) and 73–74 (passage of Obama’s SB 680 56–0–0); Senate Floor Transcript, 25 March 1999, pp. 8–12 (SB 11) and 210–11 (SB 759); CF, 4 and 5 December 2000 (reprinting Ryan’s 30 November 2000 remarks at Northwestern Law School); Bruce Shapiro, “A Talk with Governor George Ryan,” Nation, 8–15 January 2001, p. 17; Maurice Possley and John Chase, “Cruz, 2 Others Pardoned,” CT, 20 December 2002; Ryan, “The Role of the Executive in Administering the Death Penalty,” 2003 University of Illinois Law Review 1077–86; DJG interviews with Mark Warnsing, Ed Petka, and James Clayborne. On Bill Shaw and his twin brother Bob, see Ben Joravsku, “By Any Means Necessary,” CR, 31 October 2002, and Gregory Tejeda, “Shaws Used Local Government to Build Allies,” Chicago Argus, 28 November 2008.

  63. Jennifer Loven (AP), “Born to Privilege, Steeped in Caution, Fitzgerald Takes His Place in the Senate,” 27 March 1999; Obama, “Keep Church and State Separate,” HPH, 7 April 1999, p. 4; Cornelia Grumman, “State Taxes Block Road Off Welfare,” CT, 10 April 1999; John McCarron, “Welfare State: Illinois Ranks at Top in Soaking the Poor,” CT, 12 April 1999; Stephen Heintz, “Steering Committee” Notes, 13 April 1999, SHP; Cindy Richards, “South Side Has Many Aldermanic Choices,” CT, 11 February 1999; Andrew Martin and Monica Davey, “Murphy Top Aldermanic Surprise,” CT, 24 February 1999; Curtis Lawrence, “Independence Is Hot Issue in 5th Ward Race,” CST, 25 March 1999, p. 32; Steve Neal, “Independence Is at Issue in 5th Ward,” CST, 29 March 1999, p. 8; Megan O’Matz and Monica Davey, “5th Ward Race Paved with Questions,” CT, 8 April 1999; Scott Fornek and John Carpenter, “Daley Doesn’t Take the 5th,” CST, 14 April 1999, p. 37; Gary Washburn and Melita Marie Garza, “Daley Double Blow,” CT, 14 April 1999; Brett Schaeffer, “Hairston Upsets Holt to Win Tight Fifth Ward Race,” HPH, 14 April 1999, pp. 1–2; Scott Fornek, “5th Ward Reasserts Its Identity,” CST, 16 April 1999, p. 6; Schaeffer, “Polls Show Win Was a Ward-Wide Effort,” HPH, 21 April 1999, p. 1; Keith Kelleher and Madeline Talbott, “The People Shall Rule,” NHI Shelterforce #114, November–December 2000; Atlas, Seeds of Change, pp. 110–11; Barack H. Obama and Michelle Robinson-Obama, 1998 Income Tax Return, Vicki L. Hudson & Co., 9 April 1999; Kennedy Communications, “State Senator Barack Obama, Candidate for the U.S. Senate: Background Report,” April 2003, RRP; Senate Floor Transcript, 3 November 1995, pp. 28–30 (HB 1498), Illinois Governmental Ethics Act, 5 ILCS 420 Section 2-110, PA 89-405, 8 November 1995; Barack in Lynn Norment, “The Hottest Couple in America,” Ebony, February 2007, pp. 52ff.; DJG interviews with Madeline Talbott, Keith Kelleher, Barbara Holt, Leslie Hairston, Jim Reed, and Laura Washington.

  64. Status of SB 1055, 91st General Assembly (House Financial Institutions Committee Hearing, 15 April 1999); CF, 10 March, 15 April and 4, 5, 6, 7 May 1999; JCAR Minutes, 20 April 1999; “Domestic Battery,” Copley News Service, 20 April 1999 (and SJ-R, 21 April 1999); Caitlin Devitt, “Parents Say School Bill Hits LSCs Too Hard,” HPH, 28 April 1999, p. 3; Joe Mahr, “Bill Would Allow Victims of Sex Crimes to Have Criminal Case Files Sealed,” SJ-R, 28 April 1999, p. 38; “State Sen. Obama Gets Top Post, Seeks Funds for Freeways,” South Street Journal, 29 April–12 May 1999, p. 4; “Session Clears Half Way Point,” CWR 15 #2, 4 May 1999; Ray Long and Christi Parsons, “Ryan Puts $12 Billion Works Bill on Table,” CT, 5 May 1999; Ryan in James L. Merriner, The Man Who Emptied Death Row (Southern Illinois University Press, 2008), p. 97; Senate Floor Transcript, 6 May 1999, pp. 108–9, 122 (HB 2256, amendatorily vetoed on 2 August 1999); House Floor Transcript, 6 May 1999, pp. 58, 103–7 (114–0–0 passage of SB 1055); Erika Slife, “Margaret Smith, 82, Longtime State Senator a Health Care Advocate,” CT, 17 May 2005; Kurt Erickson, “Poker Buddies: Obama’s Decision Was in the Cards,” QCT, 17 October 2006 (and BP, 24 October 2006, p. A3); Terry McDermott, “What Is It About Obama?,” LAT, 24 December 2006; Peter Slevin, “Obama Forged Political Mettle in Illinois Capitol,” WP, 9 February 2007, p. A1; Michael Scherer and Michael Weisskopf, “Candidates’ Vices: Craps and Poker,” Time, 2 July 2008; “Obama as We Knew Him,” Observer, 26 October 2008; DJG interviews with Laura Mullens Nolen, Dan Shomon, Terry Link, Larry Walsh, Denny Jacobs, Mike Lieteau, Phil Lackman, Dave Manning, Tommy Walsh, Dave Luechtefeld, Boro Reljic, and Lou Viverito.

  65. Dave McKinney and Fran Spielman, “Ryan Backs Lobbyists on His Ethics Panel,” CST, 7 May 1999, p. 8; CF, 10, 11, 12, and 13 May 1999; Obama, “The Effects of Gov. Ryan’s Plan,” HPH, 12 May 1999, p. 4; Senate Floor Transcript, 7 May 1999, pp. 30–32 (passage of HB 41 by 52–3–3, with Barack, John Cullerton, and Lisa Madigan voting present) and 55–63 (HB 448 passes 33–16–6); Michelle Brutlag, “Senator’s Jab at Referees Is Outvoted by Colleagues,” CT, 8 May 1999; Dave McKinney and Matt Adrian, “Foul Called on Philip for Quip on ‘Popping’ Referees,” CST, 8 May 1999, p. 9; Aaron Chambers, “Measure to Widen Hearsay Evidence Heads to Ryan,” CDLB [8] May 1999, pp. 1, 24; Bob Greene, “What Would You Call a Person Who Thinks Like This?,” CT, 12 May 1999; “Poor Sportsmanship,” CDH, 14 May 1999, p. 12; DJG interviews with Pate Philip and Dave Sullivan.

  66. Senate Floor Transcript, 11 May 1999, pp. 17 (Senate passage of HB 854 regarding the sealing of trial records, which the Judiciary Committee had approved 7–0–3 on 28 April, by 58–0–1 with Barack voting present), 26–34 (defeat of HB 1061 by 23–36, with Barack voting no), and 104–16 (passage of HB 2204); Senate Floor Transcript, 12 May 1999, pp. 30–31 (passage of HB 402, lowering the sales tax on car leases, by 57–1 with Barack the sole no); Senate Floor Transcript, 13 May 1999, pp. 54–65 (passage of HB 1232), 102–8 (passage of HB 1812 by 38–18–3, with Barack voting no), and pp. 179–81 (reconsideration of HB 1961 by 34–23, with Barack not voting, and then passage by 31–26); Research Department, NRSC, “Barack Obama (D-IL): On the Record,” 22 July 2004, p. 2, JRORF; Senate Floor Transcript, 14 May 1999, pp. 38–55 (passage by 33–26 of HB 152 with Barack voting no) and 120–28 (passage by 56–2 of HB 2320); Ray Long and Michelle Brutlag, “Wirtz Liquor Business Gets Senate Boost,” CT, 15 May 1999; “How They Voted on Liquor Licensing and Soft Drink Distribution Bills,” Illinois Politics Vol. 8 #3 [2 August 1999], pp. 6–7; Redfield, Money Counts, pp. 125–31; JCAR Minutes, 18 May 1999; CF, 19 and 24 May 1999; Obama on Illinois Lawmakers with Bruce DuMont, 19 May 1999, MBC; Rick Pearson and Long, “Bargaining Begins as Lawmakers Deliver Pork Wish Lists to Ryan,” CT, 20 May 1999; Senate Floor Transcript, 20 May 1999, pp. 22–39 (SR 115); “Affirmative Action,” CDH, 21 May 1999, p. 9; Jeffrey K. Finley, “Senators Debate Minority Information Resolution,” DH&R, 21 May 1999, p. A3; Long and Pearson, “Black Legislators Play Trump to Block Rosemont Casino,” CT, 21 May 1999; Long and Pearson, “Ryan’s Building Plan Wins Funding,” CT, 22 May 1999. On Walter Dudycz, see Bryan Miller, “Mr. Dudycz Goes for Washington,” CR, 18 October 1990.

  67. Senate Floor Transcript, 24 May 1999, pp. 16–62 (SB 1017 fails verification 29–29); Rick Pearson and Ray Long, “Tie Vote Sinks Gambling Bill,” CT, 25 May 1999; Chinta Strausberg, “Black Senators Blast Casino Bill,” CD, 25 May 1999, pp. 1, 6; CF, 25, 26, 27, and 28 May and 23 June 1999; Senate Floor Transcript, 25 May 1999, pp. 6–10 (SB 1017 passes 31–27); Pearson and Long, “Reversal of Fortune,” CT, 26 May 1999; Dean Olsen, “Senate OKs Gambling Expansion,” ECN, 26 May 1999; Senate Floor Transcript, 27 May 1999, pp. 73–80 (passage of SB 652 by 56–2); Alexander Russo
, “Chicago School Days,” Slate, 2 April 2008; Jennifer Davis, “Is Welfare-to-Work Working?,” II, September 1999, pp. 25–28; Senate President James ‘Pate’ Philip, End of Session Report 1999, esp. pp. 53–72, 85–90; Stephen S. Morrill, “Client Report for 1999 End of Session,” Morrill and Associates, June 1999; “Session Puts Illinois FIRST,” CWR 15 #3, 18 June 1999, and 15 #7, 10 November 1999; Emil Jones in CF, 6 August 1999; Strausberg, “Obama: Illinois Black Caucus Is Broken,” CD, 1 June 1999, pp. 1, 8; “Black Caucus Divides on Private Interest Legislation,” Illinois Politics Vol. 8 #3 [2 August 1999], p. 6; David Welna, “Growing Concerns Regarding Campaign Contributions to Political Candidates from Gambling Industries,” All Things Considered, NPR, 23 June 1999; Lightford in Kevin McDermott, “Beyond Black,” II, February 2006, and in Niall Stanage, Redemption Song (Liberties Press, 2009), p. 28; Hendon, Black Enough/White Enough, p. 11; DJG interviews with Larry Walsh, James Clayborne, Kim Lightford, George Shadid, Robert Molaro, and Larry Suffredin.

  68. Hendon, White Enough/Black Enough, pp. 11–12; Saguaro Seminars Schedule; Obama and Barbara Flynn Currie, “State Allocates Drive Funding,” HPH, 16 June 1999, p. 4; Pat Ford to CAC Board of Directors, “Breakthrough Schools,” June 1999; Minutes, CAC Board of Directors, 17 June 1999; Mark A. Smylie and Stacy A. Wenzel et al., The Chicago Annenberg Challenge: Successes, Failres, and Lesson for the Future (Consortium on Chicago School Research, August 2003), pp. 114, 136–37; JCAR Minutes, 22 June 1999; “Chronology,” n.d. [1999], [David Callahan], “Concept Paper,” The Network for American Renewal, June 1999, Agenda, First Meeting of the Board of Trustees, Network for American Renewal, 29–30 June 1999, all SHP; David A. Miller, Minutes, Network for American Renewal Board of Trustees, 29–30 June 1999, Demos Papers; Stephen Heintz notes, Network for American Renewal First Board of Trustees Meeting, 29–30 June 1999, SHP; DJG interviews with Larry Walsh, Dave Manning, Tom Dart, Barbara Flynn Currie, John Belcaster, Whit Soule, Paul Strauss, Scott Turow, Ed Wojcicki, Dan Shomon, Will Burns, Steve Rauschenberger, Ed Petka, Pate Philip, Paul Williams, Donne Trotter, Charles Halpern, Stephen Heintz, and David Callahan.