The Age of Spiritual Machines: When Computers Exceed Human Intelligence
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Amiram Grinvald’s web site: Imaging the Brain in Action:
The Harvard Brain Tissue Resource Center:
The McLean Hospital Brain Imaging Center:
Optical Imaging, Inc., Home Page:
Research Imaging Center: Solving the Mysteries of the Mind, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio:
Visualization and Analysis of 3D Functional Brain Images, by Finn A rup Nielsen, Institute of Mathematical Modeling, Section for Digital Signal Processing, former Electronics Institute, Technical University of Denmark:
Weizmann Institute of Science:
The Whole Brain Atlas:
COMPUTER BUSINESS/MEDICAL APPLICATIONS
Automated Highway System DEMO; National AHS Consortium Home Page:
Biometric (The Face Recognition Home Page):
Face Recognition Homepage:
The Intelligent Vehicle Initiative: Advancing “Human-Centered” Smart Vehicles:
Kurzweil Educational Systems, Inc.:
Kurzweil Music (Welcome to Kurzweil Music Systems):
Laboratory for Financial Engineering at MIT:
Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products:
Medical Symptoms Matching Software:
Miros Company Information:
Synaptics, Inc.:
Systran:
COMPUTERS AND ART/CREATIVITY
Arachnaut’s Lair - Electronic Music Links:
ArtSpace: Computer Generated Art:
BRUTUS. 1 Story Generator:
But Is It Computer Art?:
Computer Artworks, Ltd.:
Computer Generated Writing:
Northwest Cyberartists: Time Warp of Past Events:
Music Software:
An OBS Cyberspace Extension of Being Digital, by Nicholas Negroponte:
Ray Kurzweil’s Cybernetic Poet:
Recommended Reading, Computer Art:
Virtual Muse: Experiments in Computer Poetry:
COMPUTERS AND CONSCIOUSNESS/SPIRITUALITY
Considerations on the Human Consciousness:
Extropy Online, Arterati on Ideas, by Natasha Vita More; Vinge’s View of the Singularity:
God and Computers:
Kasparov vs. Deep Blue: The Rematch:
Online papers on consciousness, compiled by David Chalmers:
Toward a Science of Consciousness 1998 “Tucson III,” Conference, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona. Support provided by the Fetzer Institute and the Institute of Noetic Sciences:
COMPUTING SCIENCE RESEARCH
Defining Virtual Reality, Industry Consortium in the Institute for Communication Research, Department of Communication, Stanford University:
Computer Games: Past, Present, Future:
The Haptics Community Web Page:
Modeling and Simulation: Linking Entertainment and Defense:
Physics News Update Number 219—The Density of Data. A link to Lambertus Hesselink’s research on crystal computing:
Student cracks encryption code. A link to an article in USA Today on how Ian Goldberg, the graduate student from the University of California, cracked the 40-bit encryption code:
Autonomous Agents
Agent Web Links:
Computer Vision
Computer Vision Research Groups:
DNA Computing
“DNA-based computers could race past supercomputers, researchers predict.” A link to an article in the Chronicle of Higher Education on DNA computing, by Vincent Kiernan:
Explanation of Molecular Computing with DNA, by Fred Hapgood, Moderator of the Nanosystems Interest Group at MIT:
The University of Wisconsin: DNA Computing:
Expert Systems/Knowledge Engineering
Knowledge Engineering, Engineering Management Graduate Program at Christian Brothers University: Online Resources to a Variety of Links:
Genetic Algorithms/Evolutionary Computation
The Genetic Algorithms Archive at the Navy Center for Applied Research in Artificial Intelligence:
The Hitchhiker’s Guide to Evolutionary Computation, Issue 6.2: A List of Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), edited by Jörg Heitkotter and David Beasley:
The Santa Fe Institute:
Knowledge Management
ATM Links (Asynchronous Transfer Mode):
Knowledge Management Network:
Some Ongoing KBS/Ontology Projects and Groups:
Nanotechnology
Eric Drexler’s web site at the Foresight Institute (includes the complete text of Engines of Creation):
Richard Feynman’s talk, “There’s Plenty of Room at the Bottom”:
Nanotechnology: Ralph Merkle’s web site at the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center:
MicroElectroMechanical Systems and Fluid Dynamics Research Group Professor Chih-Ming Ho’s Laboratory, University of California at Los Angeles:
Nanolink: Key Nanotechnology Sites on the Web:
Nanothinc:
NEC Research and Development Letter: A summary of Dr. Sumio Iijima’s research on nanotubes:
An Overview of the Performance Envelope of Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) Based Projection Display System by Dr. Jeffrey Sampsell of Texas Instruments. A link to a paper describing the creation of micromirrors in a tiny, high-resolution projector:
Small Is Beautiful: A Collection of Nanotechnology Links:
Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology at Rice University:
The Smart Matter Research Group, Xerox Palo Alto Research Center:
Richard Smalley’s home page:
Neural Implants/Neural Prosthetics
Membrane and Neurophysics Department, the Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry:
“Neural Prosthetics Come of Age as Research Continues,” by Robert Finn, in the Scientist. A link to an article on the use of neural prosthetics in helping patients with neurological disorders:
Physics of Computation-Carver Mead’s Group:
Neural Nets
Brainmaker/California Scientific’s home page:
Hugo de Garis’s web site on Brain Builder Group:
IEEE Neural Network Council Home Page:
Neural Network Frequently Asked Questions:
PROFIT Initiative at MIT’s Sloan School of Management:
Quantum Computing
The Information Mechanics Group/Lab for Computer Science at MIT:
Quantum computation/cryptography at Los Alamos National Laboratory:
Physics and Media Group at the MIT Media Lab:
Quantum Computation at IBM:
Supercomputers
Accelerated Strategic Computing Initiative:
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory/University of California for the U.S. Department of Energy:
NEC Begins Designing World’s Fastest Computer:
FUTURE VISIONS
ACM 97 “The Next 50 Years” (Association for Computing Machinery):
The Extropy Site (a web site and on-line magazine covering a wide range of advanced and future technologies)
SETI Institute web site:
WTA: The World Transhumanist Association:
HISTORY OF COMPUTERS
Advances of the 1960s:
BYTE Magazine-December 1996/Cover Story/Progress and Pitfalls:
History of Computing: IEEE Computer Society:
The Historical Collection, the Computer Museum History Center:
Intel Museum Home Page: What is Moore’s Law?:
SPACEWAR: Fanatic Life and Symbolic Death Among the Computer Bums, by Stewart Brand:
Timeline of Events in Computer History, from the Virtual History Museum Group:
Chronology of Events in the History of Computers:
Unisys History Newsletter:
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION AND LUDDITES/NEOLUDDITE MOVEMENT
Anarcho-Primitivist, anticivilization, and neo-Luddite articles:
What’s a Luddite?:
Luddites On-Line:
The Unabomber Manifesto by Ted Kaczynski:
INDEX
Aaron
Abrahams, Marc
Adleman, Leonard
Age of Intelligent Machines, The (Kurzweil)
Aiken, Howard
Alexander’s solution
algorithms
evolutionary, see evolutionary algorithms
Allen, Woody
Alu
Analogy
Analytical Engine
angel capital
animals
communication in
tools used by
antimatter
Aristotle
artificial intelligence (AI)
consciousness and ; see also consciousness
evolutionary algorithms in, see evolutionary algorithms
handicapped and, see disabilities
human intelligence vs.
knowledge acquisition in
LISP in
neural nets, see neural nets
philosophical issues and, see philosophical issues
recursion in, see recursion
rights of see also computation; computers
artificial life
arts
communication in
literary, see literary arts
musical, see music
quantum computers and
recursive programs in
transcendence of materials in
in 2009
in 2019
in 2029
visual
Asimov, Isaac
assistants, personal
asteroids
Atkins, Peter
atoms, formation of
Babbage, Charles
quoted
Bach, Johann Sebastian
Barrow, John D.
baseball
Bateson, Gregory
Bell, Alexander Graham
Benebid, A. L.
Benson, Herbert
Berger, Ted
Berlin, Andrew
Berliner, Hans
big bang
big crunch
Binsted, Kim
bioengineering
Biowarfare Agency (BWA)
bits
blind persons
reading machines for
Blob, The
Bluetooth
Bobrow, Daniel G.
body(ies)
nanotechnology-enhanced
protein-based
of reinstantiated mind
sex and, see sex
virtual; see also virtual reality
body LANs
Bohr, Niels
books
prurient
Bourne, Randolph
brain, human
achieving hardware capacity of
complexity of computers vs.
consciousness and; see also consciousness
conservative design of
cortex of
density of computation in
evolution of body and
feelings produced by stimulating of
God module in
memory capacity of
Minsky and Papert’s description of
number of neurons in
quantum computing in
reverse engineering of ; see also brain scans
specialized regions in
strengths and weaknesses of
see also mind; neurons
Brain Generated Music (BGM)
BrainMaker
brain scans
destroy-all-copies movement and
destructive
freezing of brain for
identity and
information on neurons gleaned from
noninvasive
optical imaging
subjective time and
transfer of information following
Bringsjord, Selmer
BRUTUS.1
buckyballs
business, economics, and finance
AI in
Luddite philosophy and
stock market and investing
transactions in
in 2009
/> in 2019
in 2029
Busy Beaver