Anonymous Soldiers

by Bruce Hoffman

  Hoffman, Bruce, and Gordon H. McCormick. “Terrorism, Signaling, and Suicide Attack.” Studies in Conflict and Terrorism 27, no. 4 (July–Aug. 2004): 243–81.

  Holly, David C. Exodus 1947. Boston: Little, Brown, 1969.

  Holt, P. M. Egypt and the Fertile Crescent, 1516–1922: A Political History. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1966.

  Horne, Alistair. A Savage War of Peace: Algeria, 1954–1962. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1977.

  Horne, Edward. A Job Well Done: A History of the Palestine Police Force, 1920–1948. Leigh-on-Sea, Essex: Palestine Police Old Comrades Benevolent Association, 1982.

  Howard, Michael. The Causes of War. London: Unwin, 1983.

  ——. The Continental Commitment. London: Ashfield, 1989.

  Hroub, Khaled. Hamas: Political Thought and Practice. Washington, D.C.: Institute for Palestine Studies, 2000.

  Hughes, Matthew. “The Banality of Brutality: British Armed Forces and the Repression of the Arab Revolt in Palestine, 1936–39.” English Historical Review 124, no. 507 (2009): 313–54.

  Hurewitz, J. C. “Review: Recent Books on the Problem of Palestine.” Middle East Journal 3, no. 1 (Jan. 1949): 86–91.

  ——. The Struggle for Palestine. New York: Schocken, 1976.

  Hurwitz, Harry. Menachem Begin. Johannesburg: Jewish Herald, 1977.

  Hyams, Edward. Terrorists and Terrorism. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1974.

  Ignatieff, Michael. Isaiah Berlin: A Life. New York: Henry Holt, 1998.

  Ivianski, Zeev. “Fathers and Sons: A Study of Jewish Involvement in the Revolutionary Movement and Terrorism in Tsarist Russia.” Terrorism and Political Violence 1, no. 2 (April 1989): 137–55.

  Jabotinsky, Vladimir Z. “The Iron Wall, November 4, 1923.” In Israel in the Middle East: Documents and Readings on Society, Politics, and Foreign Relations, Pre-1948 to the Present, edited by Itamar Rabinovich and Jehuda Reinharz. Waltham, Mass.: Brandeis University Press, 2007.

  ——. The Jewish War Front. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1975.

  Jackson, Ashley. The British Empire and the Second World War. London: Hambledon Continuum, 2006.

  Jeffries, Sir Charles. Colonial Police. London: M. Parrish, 1952.

  Jeffery, Keith. “Police and Government in Northern Ireland, 1922–1969.” In The Policing of Politics in the Twentieth Century: Historical Perspectives, edited by Mark Mazower. Providence, R.I.: Berghahn Books, 1997.

  ——. The Secret History of MI6. New York: Penguin, 2010.

  Jones, Philip. Britain and Palestine, 1914–1948: Archival Sources for the History of the British Mandate. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1979.

  Jones, Tim. Postwar Counterinsurgency and the SAS, 1945–1952. London: Routledge, 2001.

  ——. SAS: The First Secret War—the Unknown Years of Combat and Counter-insurgency. London: I. B. Tauris, 2005.

  Katz, Shmuel. Lone Wolf: A Biography of Vladimir (Ze’ev) Jabotinsky. New York: Barricade, 1996.

  Katz, Yossi. A Voice Called: Stories of Jewish Heroism. Jerusalem: Gefen, 2010.

  Kedourie, Elie. Inside the Anglo-Arab Labyrinth. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1976.

  Keegan, John, and Andrew Wheatcroft. Who’s Who in Military History: From 1453 to the Present Day. London: Routledge, 1996.

  Kelly, J. B. Arabia, the Gulf, and the West. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1980.

  Kemp, Anthony. The SAS: Savage Wars of Peace, 1947 to the Present. London: Signet, 1994.

  Killingray, David, and David M. Anderson. “An Orderly Retreat? Police and the End of Empire.” In Policing and Decolonization: Politics, Nationalism, and the Police, 1917–65, edited by David Killingray and David M. Anderson. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1992.

  Kimche, John, and David Kimche. The Secret Roads: The “Illegal” Migration of People, 1938–1948. London: Secker & Warburg, 1954.

  Kister, Joseph. The Irgun (I.Z.L.): The Story of Israel’s Underground Movement for National Liberation. Tel Aviv: Ministry of Defence Publishing House and Museum Unit, 2000.

  Kitson, Frank. Low Intensity Operations: Subversion, Insurgency, Peace-Keeping. London: Faber & Faber, 1971.

  Kochanski, Halik. The Eagle Unbowed: Poland and the Poles in the Second World War. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2012.

  Koestler, Arthur. Promise and Fulfilment: Palestine, 1917–1949. London: Macmillan, 1949.

  Korbonski, Stefan. “Unknown Chapter in the Life of Menachem Begin and Irgun Zvai Leumi.” East European Quarterly 8, no. 3 (Fall 1979): 373–84.

  Krämer, Gudrun. A History of Palestine: From the Ottoman Conquest to the Founding of the State of Israel. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2008.

  Kroizer, Gad. “From Dowbiggin to Tegart: Revolutionary Change in the Colonial Police in Palestine During the 1930s.” Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History 32, no. 2 (May 2004): 115–33.

  Kroyanker, David. Jerusalem Architecture. New York: Vendome Press, 1994.

  Kurzman, Dan. Ben-Gurion: Prophet of Fire. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1983.

  ——. Genesis 1948: The First Arab-Israeli War. London: Vallentine, Mitchell, 1970.

  Kushner, Harvey. Encyclopedia of Terrorism. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage, 2003.

  Kydd, Andrew H., and Barbara F. Walter. “The Strategies of Terrorism.” International Security 31, no. 1 (Summer 2006): 49–80.

  Lachman, Shai. “Arab Rebellion and Terrorism in Palestine, 1929–39: The Case of Sheikh Izz al-Din al-Qassam and His Movement.” In Zionism and Arabism in Palestine and Israel, edited by Elie Kedourie and Sylvia Haim. London: Frank Cass, 1982.

  La Guardia, Anton. Holy Land, Unholy War: Israelis and Palestinians. London: Penguin, 2007.

  Lake, David. “Rational Extremism: Understanding Terrorism in the Twenty-First Century.” Dialogue-IO 1, no. 1 (Spring 2002): 15–29.

  Lapidot, Yehuda. B’lahav ha-marad: kravot ha-Etzel b’Yerushalim [The flames of the revolt: Etzel’s battle for Jerusalem). Tel Aviv: Ministry of Defense, 1996.

  ——. Lidata shel machteret: ha’Etzel b’shanot ha-shloshim [The birth of the underground: The Etzel in the 1930s]. Tel Aviv: Brith Hayalei Etzel, 2001.

  Laqueur, Walter. A History of Zionism. New York: Schocken, 1976.

  ——. The Israel-Arab Reader. New York: Bantam, 1969.

  Lawrence, T. E. Seven Pillars of Wisdom: A Triumph. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1977.

  Le Carré, John. Call for the Dead. New York: Bantam, 1979.

  Legg, L. G., and E. T. Williams. Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1959.

  Lesch, Ann Mosley. Arab Politics in Palestine, 1917–1939: The Frustration of a Nationalist Movement. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1979.

  Lev-Ami, Shlomo. B’mavek u’vmared: Haganah, Etzel v’ Lehi, 1918–1948 [By struggle and by revolt: Haganah, Etzel, and Lehi, 1918–1948]. Tel Aviv: Ministry of Defence, 1978.

  Levenberg, H. “Bevin’s Disillusionment: The London Conference, Autumn, 1946.” Middle Eastern Studies 27, no. 4 (Oct. 1991): 615–30.

  Levine, Daniel. David Raziel, the Man and the Legend: The Birth of the Irgun Zvai Leumi, a Jewish Liberation Movement. Jerusalem: Gefen, 1991.

  Levine, Evyatar, and Yaacov Shimoni, eds. Political Dictionary of the Middle East in the Twentieth Century. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1972.

  LeVine, Mark. Overthrowing Geography: Jaffa, Tel Aviv, and the Struggle for Palestine, 1880–1948. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2005.

  Lewin, Ronald. “Montgomery.” In The War Lords: Military Commanders of the Twentieth Century, edited by Field Marshal Sir Michael Carver. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1976.

  Liddell Hart, B. H. History of the Second World War. New York: Paragon, 1970.

  Lipsky, Louis. A Gallery of Zionist Profiles. New York: Farrar, Straus and Cudahy, 1956.

  Livni, Eitan. Etzel: meevtzot v’machteret [IZL: Operations and underground]. Jerusalem: Edanim, 1987.

  Louis, Wm. Roger. T
he British Empire in the Middle East, 1945–1951: Arab Nationalism, the United States, and Postwar Imperialism. Oxford: Clarendon, 1984.

  ——. “British Imperialism and the End of the Palestine Mandate.” In The End of the Palestine Mandate, edited by Wm. Roger Louis and Robert W. Stookey. London: I. B. Tauris, 1986.

  Luttwak, Edward, and Dan Horowitz. The Israeli Army. London: Allen Lane, 1975.

  Makovsky, Michael. Churchill’s Promised Land: Zionism and Statecraft. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2007.

  Malatzky, Mendel. Emet achat velo shtaim [The one truth and not the other]. Tel Aviv: Yedioth Ahronoth, 1995.

  Mallman, Klaus-Michael, and Martin Cuppers. Nazi Palestine: The Plans for the Extermination of the Jews of Palestine. New York: Enigma Press, 2010.

  Manning, Olivia. The Levant Trilogy. Vol. 1, The Danger Tree. New York: Viking Penguin, 1988.

  Mardor, Munya M. Haganah—British Title: Strictly Illegal. New York: New American Library, 1964.

  Marighella, Carlos. For the Liberation of Brazil. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1971.

  Markovitzki, Ya’acov. “Ha-mered: ha-tkafot ha-tasha oreroo et ha-mandat ha-briti” [The revolt: Attrition attacks destabilized the British mandate]. Ha-uma [The nation] 41, no. 151 (2004).

  Marlowe, John. Rebellion in Palestine. London: Cresset, 1946.

  ——. The Seat of Pilate: An Account of the Palestine Mandate. London: Cresset, 1959.

  Marton, Kati. A Death in Jerusalem. New York: Pantheon, 1994.

  Mattar, Philip. The Mufti of Jerusalem: Al-Hajj Amin al-Husayni and the Palestinian National Movement. New York: Columbia University Press, 1988.

  McCarthy, Justin. The Population of Palestine: Population History and Statistics of the Late Ottoman Period and the Mandate. New York: Columbia University Press, 1990.

  Mead, Richard. Churchill’s Lions: A Biographical Guide to the Key British Generals of World War II. Stroud: Spellmount, 2007.

  Medoff, Rafael. Militant Zionism in America: The Rise and Impact of the Jabotinsky Movement in the United States, 1926–1948. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2002.

  Migdal, Joel S. “The Effects of Regime Policies on Social Cohesion and Fragmentation.” In Migdal et al., Palestinian Society and Politics.

  Migdal, Joel S., et al., eds. Palestinian Society and Politics. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1980.

  Mishal, Shaul, and Avraham Sela. The Palestinian Hamas: Vision, Violence, and Coexistence. New York: Columbia University Press, 2000.

  Mockaitis, Thomas R. British Counterinsurgency, 1919–60. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1990.

  Monroe, Elizabeth. Britain’s Moment in the Middle East, 1914–1956. London: Chatto & Windus, 1963.

  ——. “Mr. Bevin’s ‘Arab Policy.’ ” In St. Antony’s Papers No. 11, Middle Eastern Affairs No. 2, edited by Albert Hourani. London: Chatto & Windus, 1961.

  Montefiore, Simon Sebag. Jerusalem: The Biography. New York: Knopf, 2011.

  Moore, John Norton, ed. The Arab-Israeli Conflict. Vol. 3, Documents. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1974.

  Morgan, Kenneth O. Labour in Power, 1945–51. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1984.

  Morris, Benny. 1948: A History of the First Arab-Israel War. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2008.

  ——. Righteous Victims: A History of the Zionist-Arab Conflict, 1881–2001. New York: Vintage, 2001.

  Moscrop, John James. Measuring Jerusalem: The Palestinian Exploration Fund and British Interests in the Holy Land. Leicester, U.K.: Leicester University Press, 2000.

  Mosley, Leonard. Gideon Goes to War. London: Arthur Baker, 1955.

  ——. “Orde Wingate and Moshe Dayan, 1938.” In From Haven to Conquest: Readings in Zionism and the Palestine Problem Until 1948, edited by Walid Khalidi. Beirut: Institute for Palestine Studies, 1971.

  Museum Staff. The Royal Ulster Constabulary Museum: A Guide to the Collection. Belfast: RUC Historical Society, 1995.

  Nachmani, Amikam. Great Power Discord in Palestine: The Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry into the Problems of European Jewry and Palestine, 1945–1946. London: Frank Cass, 1987.

  Nedava, Yosef. Gardomim b’Kahir [Gallows in Cairo]. Jerusalem: Achiasaf, 1965.

  Newsinger, John. British Counterinsurgency: From Palestine to Northern Ireland. Basingstoke, U.K.: Palgrave, 2002.

  Niv, David. Ma’archot ha-Irgun ha-Zvai ha-Leumi [Battle for freedom: The Irgun Zvai Leumi]. Vols. 1–5. Tel Aviv: Klausner Institute, 1975.

  Oren, Michael. Six Days of War: June 1967 and the Making of the Modern Middle East. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.

  Ovendale, Ritchie. British Defence Policy Since 1945. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1994.

  ——. “The Palestine Policy of the British Labour Party.” International Affairs 55, no. 3 (July 1979): 409–31.

  Pa’il, Meir and Pinhas, Yorman. Ha-mivchan shel tenuat ha-tzioni: samchut manhigei ha-politi neged ha-mitpatrim (The test of the Zionist movement: The authority of the political leadership versus the quitters, 1931–1948). Tel Aviv: Tcherikover, 2003.

  Paget, Julian. Counter-insurgency Campaigning. London: Faber, 1967.

  ——. The Story of the Guards. London: Osprey, 1976.

  The Palestine Police Force Close Quarter Battle: Revolvers, Automatics, and Submachine Guns—the Grant-Taylor Manual (1943). Boulder, Colo.: Paladin, 2008.

  Pape, Robert A. Dying to Win: The Strategic Logic of Suicide Terrorism. New York: Random House, 2005.

  ——. “The Strategic Logic of Suicide Terrorism.” American Political Science Review 97, no. 3 (Aug. 2003): 343–61.

  Pappe, Ilan. A History of Modern Palestine: One Land, Two Peoples. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 2004.

  Pedahzur, Ami, and Arie Perliger. Jewish Terrorism in Israel. New York: Columbia University Press, 2009.

  Perlmutter, Amos. The Life and Times of Menachem Begin. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1987.

  ——. Military and Politics in Israel. London: Frank Cass, 1969.

  Plowright, John. The Routledge Dictionary of Modern British History. London: Routledge, 2006.

  Porath, Y. The Emergence of the Palestinian-Arab National Movement, 1918–1929. London: Frank Cass, 1974.

  ——. From Riots to Rebellion: The Palestinian Arab National Movement, 1929–1939. London: Frank Cass, 1977.

  Reich, Bernard, and Joseph E. Goldberg, eds. An Historical Encyclopedia of the Arab-Israel Conflict. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1996.

  Rolef, Susan Hattis, ed. Political Dictionary of the State of Israel—Supplement, 1987–1993. New York: Macmillan, 1993.

  Roman, Yadin. “The Grand Hotel of Jerusalem.” Eretz: The Magazine of Israel, Feb. 2007.

  Rose, Norman. Chaim Weizmann: A Biography. New York: Viking, 1986.

  ——. “A Senseless, Squalid War”: Voices from Palestine, 1945–1948. London: Bodley Head, 2009.

  Rosecrance, R. N. Defense of the Realm: British Strategy in the Nuclear Epoch. New York: Columbia University Press, 1968.

  Royal Institute of International Affairs (RIIA). Great Britain and Palestine, 1915–1945. Westport, Conn.: Hyperion, 1976.

  Royle, Trevor. Orde Wingate: Irregular Soldier. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1995.

  Ryder, Chris. The RUC: A Force Under Fire. London: Mandarin, 1990.

  Sager, Samuel. The Parliamentary System of Israel. Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press, 1985.

  Samuel, Maurice. What Happened in Palestine: The Events of August, 1929, Their Background, and Their Significance. Boston: Stratford, 1929.

  Sanders, Ronald. The High Walls of Jerusalem: A History of the Balfour Declaration and the Birth of the British Mandate for Palestine. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1983.

  Sayigh, Yezid. Armed Struggle and the Search for State: The Palestinian National Movement, 1949–1993. Oxford: Clarendon, 1997.

  Schechtman, Joseph B. Fighter and Prophet: The Vladimir Jabotinsky Story—the Last Years.
New York: Thomas Yoseloff, 1961.

  ——. The Mufti and the Fuehrer: The Rise and Fall of Haj Amin el-Husseini. New York: Thomas Yoseloff, 1965.

  ——. Rebel and Statesman: The Vladimir Jabotinsky Story—the Early Years. New York: Thomas Yoseloff, 1956.

  Schechtman, Joseph B., and Yehuda Benari. History of the Revisionist Movement, 1925–1930. Vol. 1. Tel Aviv: Hadar, 1970.

  Schenk, Catherine R. The Decline of Sterling: Managing the Retreat of an International Currency, 1945–1992. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 2010.

  Schiff, Zeev. A History of the Israeli Army. San Francisco: Straight Arrow, 1974.

  Schlor, Joachim. Tel Aviv: From Dream to City. London: Reaktion Books, 1999.

  The Second World War: A Guide to Documents in the Public Record Office. Public Record Office Handbooks 15. London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1972.

  Segev, Tom. One Palestine, Complete: Jews and Arabs Under the British Mandate. New York: Holt, 2000.

  Seikaly, May. Haifa: Transformation of a Palestinian Arab Society, 1918–1939. London: I. B. Tauris, 2002.

  Shepherd, Naomi. Ploughing Sand: British Rule in Palestine, 1917–1948. London: John Murray, 1999.

  Sherman, A. J. Mandate Days: British Lives in Palestine, 1918–1948. London: Thames and Hudson, 1997.

  “Shihot im Dr. Pinhas Ginosar: al hanehonut lirzoah lema’an matara neala” [Talks with Dr. Pinhas Ginosar: On the willingness to assassinate for a superior cause]. Svivot [Surroundings], nos. 24–25 (1990).

  Shindler, Colin. The Triumph of Military Zionism: Nationalism and the Origins of the Israeli Right. London: I. B. Tauris, 2010.

  Shlaim, Avi. The Iron Wall: Israel and the Arab World. New York: W. W. Norton, 1999.

  Sika-Aharoni, Ya’acov. “Le-olam loh tyiyeh milchemet achim” [There will never be a civil war]. Ha-uma [The nation] 39, no. 147 (2002).

  Simson, H. J. British Rule in Palestine and the Arab Rebellion of 1936–1937. Edinburgh: Wm. Blackwood & Sons, 1937.

  Sinclair, Georgina. At the End of the Line: Colonial Policing and the Imperial Endgame, 1945–80. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2006a.

  ——. “ ‘Get into a Crack Force and Earn £20 a Month and All Found …’: The Influence of the Palestine Police upon Colonial Policing, 1922–1948.” European Review of History 13, no. 1 (March 2006b): 49–65.