Dittus, W.P.G. 1984. Toque macaque food calls: semantic communication concerning food distribution in the environment. Animal Behavior 32:470–77.
Dobzhansky, T. 1964. Biology, molecular and organismic. American Zoologist 4:443–52. Dogil, G., H. Ackermann, W. Grodd, H. Haider, H. Kamp, J. Mayer, A. Riecker, and D. Wildgruber. 2002. The speaking brain: A tutorial introduction to fMRI experiments in the production of speech, prosody and syntax. Journal of Neurolinguistics 15:59–90.
Domínguez-Rodrigo, M., T. R. Pickering, S. Semaw, and M. J. Rogers. 2005. Cutmarked bones from Pliocene archaeological sites at Gona, Afar, Ethiopia: Implications for the function of the world’s oldest stone tools. Journal of Human Evolution 48(2):109–21.
Dunbar, Robin I. M. 1996. Grooming, gossip and the evolution of language. London: Faber and Faber.
Dyer, F. C. and Gould, J. L. 1983. Honey bee navigation. American Scientist 71:587–97.
Eldredge, Niles, and Stephen Jay Gould. 1972. Punctuated equilibria: An alternative to phyletic gradualism. In Models in Paleobiology, ed. T. M. Schopf, 82–115. San Francisco: Freeman Cooper.
Eliot, T. S. 1998. The waste land and other poems. London: Penguin.
Estes, R. D. 1991. The behavior guide to African mammals. Berkeley: California University Press.
Evans, P. D., S. L. Gilbert, N. Mekel-Bobrov, E. J. Vallender, J. R. Anderson, L. M. VaezAzizi, S. A. Tishkoff, R. R. Hudson, and B. T. Lahn. 2005. Microcephalin, a gene regulating brain size, continues to evolve adaptively in humans. Science 309: 1717–20.
Everett, Daniel L. 2005. Cultural constraints on grammar and cognition in Pirahã: Another look at the design features of human language. Current Anthropology, August– October.
———. 2007. Cultural constraints on grammar in Pirahã: A reply to Nevins, Pesetsky, and Rodrigues 2007. LingBuzz. ling.auf.net/lingbuzz/000427.
Fagan, B. M., and E. L. Van Noten. 1971. The hunter-gatherers of Gwisho. Tervuren, Belgium: Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale.
Falk, D. 1993. Braindance. New York: Henry Holt.
———. 2004. Prelinguistic evolution in early hominins: Whence Motherese? Behavioral and Brain Sciences 27:491–503.
Feblot-Augustine, J. 1998. La circulation des matières premières au paléolithique (the movement of raw materials in the Paleolithic). Journal of Anthropological Research 54:286–328.
Fitch, W. T., and M. D. Hauser. 1995. Vocal production in non-human primates: Acoustics, physiology, and functional constraints on “honest” advertisement. American Journal of Primatology 37:191–219.
Foley, Robert, and Marta M. Lahr. 2005. The origins of modern humans: Insights into speciation. Paper presented at the conference Rethinking the Human Revolution, Cambridge, U.K., September.
Frisch, K. von. 1967. Honeybees: Do they use direction and distance information provided by their dancers? Science 158:1072–76.
Frishberg, N. 1987. Home sign. In The Gallaudet Encyclopedia of Deaf People and Deafness, vol. 3, 128–31. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Gadagkar, Raghavendra. 1990. Origin and evolution of eusociality: A perspective from studying primitively eusocial wasps. Journal of Genetics 69(2):113–25.
Gardner, R. A., and B. T. Gardner. 1969. Teaching sign language to a chimpanzee. Science 165:664–72.
———. 1978. Comparative psychology and language acquisition. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 309:37–76.
Geisemann, T. 2000. Gibbon songs and human music from an evolutionary perspective. In The origins of music, ed. N. L. Wallin, B. Merker, and S. Brown, 103–24. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
Goodall, J., and H. von Lawick. 2000. In the shadow of man. New York: Houghton Mifflin.
Goodglass, H., and N. Geschwind. 1976. Language disorders. In Handbook of Perception: Language and Speech, vol. 7, ed. E. C. Carterette and M. P. Friedman. New York: Academic Press.
Goodman, C. S. and B. S. Coughlin eds. 2000. The evolution of evo-devo biology. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 97:4424–56.
Gould, J. L. 1976. The dance language controversy. Quarterly Review of Biology 51(2): 211–44.
Grimshaw, Jane B. 1990. Argument structure. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
Hadingham, Evan. 1980. Secrets of the ice age. Northvale, N.J.: Marboro Books.
Hangartner, W. 1969. Trail-laying in the subterranean ant Acanthomyops interjectus. Journal of Insect Physiology 15:1–4.
Harnad, S. R., H. D. Steklis, and J. Lancaster, eds. 1976. Origins and evolution of language and speech. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 280. New York: New York Academy of Sciences.
Hart, Donna, and Robert W. Sussman. 2005. Man the hunted: Primates, predators and human evolution. New York: Westview.
Hart, J. Jr., and B. Gordon. 1992. Neural subsystems for object knowledge. Nature 359:60–64.
Hauk, O., I. Johnsrude, and F. Pulvermüller. 2004. Somatotopic representation of action words in human motor and premotor cortex. Neuron 41(2):301–307.
Hauser, M. D. 1996. The evolution of communication. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
———. 1998. Functional referents and acoustical similarity: Field playback experiments with rhesus monkeys. Animal Behavior 55(6):1647–58.
Hauser, M. D., N. Chomsky, and W. T. Fitch. 2002. The language faculty: Who has it, what is it, and how did it evolve? Science 298:1569–79.
Hayes, K. J., and C. H. Nissen. 1971. Higher mental functions of a home-raised chimpanzee. In Behavior of nonhuman primates: Modern research trends, ed. A. M. Schrier and F. Stollnitz, 59–115. New York: Academic Press.
Hebb, Donald O. 1949. The organization of behavior. New York: Wiley.
Heinrich, Bernd. 1991. Ravens in winter. London: Vintage.
Herman, L. M. 1986. Cognition and language competencies of bottlenosed dolphins. In Dolphin cognition and behavior: A comparative approach, ed. R. J. Schusterman, J. Thomas, and F. G. Wood, 221–51. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Herman, L. M., and P. H. Forestell. 1985. Reporting presence or absence of named objects by a language-trained dolphin. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 9:667–91.
Herman, L. M., D. G. Richards, and J. P. Wolz. 1984. Comprehension of sentences by bottlenosed dolphins. Cognition 16:129–219.
Herrnstein, R. J. 1979. Acquisition, generalization, and discrimination reversal of a natural concept. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes 5:116–29.
Hockett, Charles. 1960. The origin of speech. Scientific American 203:89–96.
Hockett, Charles, and Robert Ascher. 1964. The human revolution. Current Anthropology 5:135–68. Reprinted 1992, Current Anthropology 33:7–46.
Holldobler, B. 1971. Recruitment behavior in Camponotus socius. Zeitschrift fur Vergleichende Physiologie 75:123–42.
———. 1978. Ethological aspects of chemical communication in ants. Advances in the Study of Behavior 8:75–115.
Humphrey, N. K. 1976. The social function of intellect. In Growing points in ethology, ed. P.P.G. Bateson and R. A. Hinde, 303–17. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hunt, Gavin R., and Russell D. Gray. 2003. Diversification and cumulative evolution in New Caledonian crow tool manufacture. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 270:867–74.
Hurford, James, 2007. The origins of meaning. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Huybregts, Riny. 2006. Development and evolution of human language: An argument from language design. Paper delivered at the Cradle of Language Conference, Stellenbosch, South Africa, November.
Irons, D. B., R. G. Anthony, and J. A. Estes. 1986. Foraging strategies of glaucous-winged gulls in a rocky intertidal community. Ecology 67:1460–74.
Isaac, Glyn L. 1977. Olorgesailie: Archeological studies of a Middle Pleistocene lake basin in Kenya. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Jablonski, Nina G. 2007. A conversation with Nina G. Jablonski. By Claudia Dreifus. The New York Times, January 9, 2007.
Jackendoff, Ray. 2002. Foundations of lang
uage: Brain, meaning, grammar, evolution. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Jackendoff, Ray, and Steven Pinker. 2005. The nature of the language faculty and its implications for evolution of language (reply to Fitch, Hauser, and Chomsky). Cognition 97:211–25.
Jarvis, E. D., and C. V. Mello. 2000. Molecular mapping of brain areas involved in parrot communication, Journal of Comparative Neurology 419(1):1–31.
Jellinek, A. 1977. The lower Paleolithic. Annual Review of Anthropology 6:1–33.
Jenkins, Lyle. 2000. Biolinguistics: exploring the biology of language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Jesperson, Otto. 1922. Language: Its nature, development, and origin. London: Allen and Unwin.
Johansson, Sverker. 2005. Origins of language: Constrains on hypotheses. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Kano, Takayoshi. 1992. The last ape: Pygmy chimpanzee behavior and ecology. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.
Kawai, M. 1965. Newly-acquired pre-cultural behavior of the natural troop of Japanese monkeys on Koshima islet. Biomedical Life Sciences 6:1–30.
Kawamura, S. 1959. The process of sub-culture propagation among Japanese macaques. Primates 2:43–54.
Klein, Richard. 2002. The dawn of human culture. New York: Wiley.
Kohn, M., and S. Mithen. 1999. Handaxes: Products of sexual selection? Antiquity 73:518–26.
Kojima, S. 1990. Comparison of auditory functions in the chimpanzee and human. Folia Primatologia (Basel) 55(2):62–72.
Krebs, J. R. 1991. Animal communication: Ideas derived from Tinbergen’s activities. In The Tinbergen legacy, ed. M. S. Dawkins, T. R. Halliday, and R. Dawkins, 60–74. London: Chapman and Hall.
Krunkelsven, E., J. Dupain, L. Van Elsacker, and R. F. Verheyen. 1996. Food calling by captive bonobos (Pan paniscus): An experiment. International Journal of Prima-tology 17:207–17.
Laland, Kevin N., and Kim Sterelny. 2006. Seven reasons (not) to neglect niche construction. Biological Theory 1 (1):41–43.
Lamberts, Koen, and David Shanks. 1997. Knowledge, concepts and categories. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
Langer, Jonas. 2006. The heterochronic evolution of primate cognitive development. Evolution 60:1751–62.
Larick, R. and R. Ciochon. 1996. The African emergence and early Asian dispersals of the genus Homo. American Scientist, November–December.
Lee, K. E. 1985. Earthworms: Their ecology and relation with soil and land use. London: Academic Press.
Lee, Richard B., and Irven DeVore, eds. 1968. Man the hunter. London: Aldine.
Lee, Sang-Hee, and Milford H. Wolpoff. 2003. The pattern of evolution in Pleistocene human brain size. Paleobiology, Spring.
Lenneberg, Eric. 1967. Biological foundations of language. New York: Wiley.
Lewontin, R. 1983. The organism as subject and object of evolution. Scientia 188:65–82. Lorenz, Konrad. 1937. Biologische Fragestellungen in der Tierpsychologie (Biological questions in animal psychology). Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie 1:24–32.
Lüscher, M. 1961. Air-conditioned termite nests. Scientific American 205:138–45. Macphail, Euan. 1987. The comparative psychology of intelligence. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 10:645–95.
Marcus, G. F., and S. E. Fisher. 2003. FOXP2 in focus: What can genes tell us about speech and language? Trends in Cognitive Sciences 7(6):257–62.
Marcus, Gary. 2004. The Birth of the Mind. New York: Basic Books.
Marshack, Alexander. 1981. On Paleolithic ochre and the early uses of color and symbol. Current Anthropology, 22:188–91.
Martin, A., and Chao, L. L. 2001. Semantic memory and the brain: Structure and processes. Current Opinion in Neurobiology 11:194–201.
Masayuki N., E. Kato, Y. Kojima, and N. Itoigawa. 1999. Carrying and washing of grass roots by free-ranging Japanese macaques at Katsuyama. Folia Primatologica 69: 35–40.
Maynard Smith, J. 1976. Sexual selection and the handicap principle. Journal of Theoretical Biology 57:239–42.
Mayr, Ernst. 1963. Animal species and evolution. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
———. 1982. The growth of biological thought. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press. McBrearty, Sally, and Alison F. Brooks. 2000. The revolution that wasn’t: A new interpretation of the origin of modern human behavior. Journal of Human Evolution 39(5): 453–563.
McCrone, John. 1992. The ape that spoke. New York: Avon Books.
McHenry, H. M. 1994. Tempo and mode in human evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 91(15):6780–86.
Mellars, P., K. Boyle, O. Bar-Yosef, and C. Stringer, eds. 2007. Rethinking the human revolution. McDonald Institute Monographs. Cambridge, U.K.: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research.
Miles, H. L. 1978. Language acquisition in apes and children. In Sign language and language acquisition in man and ape, ed. F.C.C. Peng, 103–20. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press.
———. 1990. The cognitive foundations for reference in a signing orangutan. In “Language” and intelligence in monkeys and apes, ed. S. T. Parker and K. R. Gibson, 511–39. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Miller, Geoffrey F. 1997. Mate choice: From sexual cues to cognitive adaptations. In Characterizing human psychological adaptations, Ciba Foundation Symposium 208, ed. G. Cardew, 71–87. New York: Wiley.
———. 2000. The mating mind: How sexual choice shaped the evolution of human nature. London: Heinemann.
Mithen, Steven. 2005. The Singing Neanderthals: The Origin of Language, Music, Mind and Body. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
Moglich, M., and Holldobler, B. 1975. Communication and orientation during foraging and emigration in the ant Formica fusca, Journal of Comparative Physiology 101:275–88.
Morgan, Elaine. 1982. The aquatic ape. London: Stein and Day.
Morris, Desmond. 1999. The naked ape. New York: Delta.
Monahan, C. M. 1996. New zooarchaeological data from Bed II, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania: Implications for hominid behavior in the early Pleistocene. Journal of Human Evolution 31:93–128.
Müller, F. M., 1970. The science of language. Nature 1:256–59.
Müller, J., S. Gaunt, and P. A. Lawrence. 1995. Function of the Polycomb protein is conserved in mice and flies. Development 121:2847–52.
Muller-Schwarze, Dietland, and Lixing Sun. 2003. The beaver: Natural history of a wetland engineer. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.
Naiman, R. J., C. A. Johnston, and J. C. Kelley. 1988. Alterations of North American streams by beaver. BioScience 38:753–62.
Nevins, Andrew Ira, David Pesetsky, and Cilene Rodrigues. 2007. Pirahã exceptionality: A reassessment. LingBuzz. ling.auf.net/lingBuzz.
O’Brien, E. 1981. The projectile capabilities of an Acheulian handaxe from Olorgesailie. Current Anthropology 22:76–79.
O’Connell, J. F., K. Hawkes, and N. G. Blurton-Jones. 1988. Hadza scavenging: Implications for Plio-Pleistocene hominid subsistence. Current Anthropology 29:356–63.
———. 1999. Grandmothering and the evolution of Homo erectus. Journal of Human Evolution 36:461–85.
Odling-Smee, F. J., K. N. Laland, and M. W. Feldman. 1996. Niche construction. American Naturalist 147:641–48.
———. 2003. Niche construction: The neglected process in evolution. Monographs in Population Biology 37. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
Odum, Eugene P. 1959. Fundamentals of ecology. Los Angeles: Saunders.
Olaf, H., I. Johnsrude, and F. Pulvermuller. 2004. Somatotopic representation of action words in human motor and premotor cortex. Neuron 41:301–7.
Packard, Alpheus Spring. 1901. Lamarck, the founder of evolution: His life and work with translations of his writings on organic evolution. New York: Longmans, Green and Co.
Panter-Brick, C., R. H. Layton, and P. Rowley-Conwy, eds. 2001. Hunter-gatherers: An interdisciplinary perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Patterson, F. G. 1985. Direct-mail funding-solicitation letter. Washington: The Gorilla Foundatio
n.
Patterson, F. G., and E. Linden. 1981. The education of Koko. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Pearce, John M. 1997. Cognition in animals. New York: Psychology Press.
Peirce, Charles S. 1978. Collected papers, Vol. II: Elements of logic. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press.
Penn, D., K. J. Holyoak, and D.J. Povinelli. 2008. Darwin’s mistake: Explaining the discontinuity between human and nonhuman minds. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 31:109–30.
Pepperberg, Irene M. 2000. The Alex studies: Cognitive and communicative abilities of Grey parrots. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
———. 2005. An avian perspective on language evolution. In Language origins:
Perspectives on evolution, ed. M. Tallerman, 239–62. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Pepys, Samuel. 2000. The diary of Samuel Pepys: A new and complete transcription. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Perry, M., R. B. Church, and S. Goldin-Meadow. 1988. Transitional knowledge in the acquistion of concepts. Cognitive Development 3:359–400.
Pfungst, Oskar. 1911. Clever Hans (the horse of Mr. von Osten): A contribution to experimental animal and human psychology. Trans. C. L. Rahn. New York: Henry Holt.
Pinker, Steven. 1989. Learnability and cognition: The acquisition of argument structure. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
———. 1994. The language instinct. New York: Morrow & Co.
Pinker, Steven, and P. Bloom. 1990. Natural language and natural selection. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13:707–84.
Pinker, Steven, and R. Jackendoff. 2005. The faculty of language: What’s special about it? Cognition 95(2):201–36.
Pitt, W. C., and P. A. Jordan. 1996. Influence of campsites on black bear habitat use and potential impact on caribou restoration. Restoration Ecology 4:423–26.
Pollick, A. S., and F.B.M. de Waal. 2007. Ape gestures and language evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104(19):8184–89.
Povinelli, D. 1996. Chimpanzee theory of mind? The long road to strong inference. In Theories of theories of mind, ed. P. Carruthers and P. K. Smith, 293–329. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Adam's Tongue: How Humans Made Language, How Language Made Humans Page 32